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2013 47th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)最新文献

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Beamformer optimization with a constraint on user electromagnetic radiation exposure 约束用户电磁辐射暴露的波束形成器优化
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6624267
Dawei Ying, D. Love, B. Hochwald
Wireless technology is now a ubiquitous part of life worldwide. A continuing and evolving concern is the possibility of adverse health effects from long term exposure to electromagnetic radiation. In most countries, regulatory agencies set an exposure threshold in terms of the specific absorption rate (SAR). Surprisingly, portable wireless communication devices, such as mobile phones, are often designed with little attention to the SAR thresholds, instead focusing on transmit power constraints. As cellular handsets continue to become more and more multifunctional, designing devices that provide high rate performance and satisfy SAR constraints will become increasingly difficult. In this paper, we present a design strategy that considers both transmit power and SAR for multiple antenna transmit beamforming. Analytical and numerical results show substantial performance improvement over schemes that are designed using only the power constraint.
无线技术现在是世界各地生活中无处不在的一部分。长期接触电磁辐射可能对健康产生不利影响,这是一个持续和不断演变的关切。在大多数国家,管理机构根据特定吸收率(SAR)设定了接触阈值。令人惊讶的是,便携式无线通信设备,如移动电话,通常设计时很少注意SAR阈值,而是关注发射功率限制。随着手机的功能越来越多,设计出既能提供高速率性能又能满足SAR限制的设备将变得越来越困难。本文提出了一种同时考虑发射功率和SAR的多天线发射波束形成设计策略。分析和数值结果表明,与仅使用功率约束设计的方案相比,性能有了实质性的提高。
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引用次数: 17
Performance of turbo coded BPSK for an aeronautical channel 航空信道turbo编码BPSK的性能研究
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552265
I. Fofanah, A. Cole-Rhodes, R. Dean
In this paper, we present the results of using a turbo decoder to retrieve a serially encoded data stream, which has been transmitted over a multipath channel. The transmitted data streams are Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulated signals, which are encoded using two rate one-half (1/2) recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) encoders, and then transmitted over the channel. An aeronautical channel is very fast fading and time varying, and it has been modeled as an FIR filter with complex channel gains determined by Doppler and the multipath. At the receiver, we utilize turbo decoding to estimate the effect of the channel on the transmitted data. Simulation results are provided comparing the bit error rates of Turbo decoded BPSK to that of un-coded BPSK sent over an A WGN and a time-invariant multipath channel.
在本文中,我们提出了使用涡轮解码器检索串行编码数据流的结果,该数据流已在多径信道上传输。传输的数据流是二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制信号,使用两个速率二分之一(1/2)递归系统卷积(RSC)编码器进行编码,然后在信道上传输。航空信道是一个快速衰落和时变的信道,它被建模为一个由多普勒和多径决定的复杂信道增益的FIR滤波器。在接收端,我们利用turbo解码来估计信道对传输数据的影响。仿真结果比较了Turbo解码后的BPSK与未编码的BPSK在A WGN和时不变多径信道上发送的误码率。
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引用次数: 0
Computing 3D saliency from a 2D image 从2D图像计算3D显著性
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552297
Sudarshan Ramenahalli, E. Niebur
A saliency map is a model of visual selective attention using purely bottom-up features of an image like color, intensity and orientation. Another bottom-up feature of visual input is depth, the distance between eye (or sensor) and objects in the visual field. In this report we study the effect of depth on saliency. Different from previous work, we do not use measured depth (disparity) information but, instead, compute a 3D depth map from the 2D image using a depth learning algorithm. This computed depth is then added as an additional feature channel to the 2D saliency map, and all feature channels are linearly combined with equal weights to obtain a 3-dimensional saliency map. We compare the efficacy of saliency maps (2D and 3D) in predicting human eye fixations using three different performance measures. The 3D saliency map outperforms its 2D counterpart in predicting human eye fixations on all measures. Perhaps surprisingly, our 3D saliency map computed from a 2D image performs better than an existing 3D saliency model that uses explicit depth information.
显著性图是一种视觉选择性注意模型,它使用图像的颜色、强度和方向等纯粹自下而上的特征。视觉输入的另一个自下而上的特征是深度,即眼睛(或传感器)与视野中物体之间的距离。在本报告中,我们研究了深度对显著性的影响。与以前的工作不同,我们不使用测量的深度(视差)信息,而是使用深度学习算法从2D图像计算3D深度图。然后将计算得到的深度作为额外的特征通道添加到二维显著性图中,所有特征通道以等权重线性组合以获得三维显著性图。我们比较了显著性图(2D和3D)在预测人眼注视使用三种不同的性能指标的功效。3D显著性地图在预测人眼注视的所有指标上都优于2D地图。也许令人惊讶的是,我们从2D图像计算的3D显著性地图比使用显式深度信息的现有3D显著性模型表现得更好。
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引用次数: 8
All digital programmable Gaussian pulse generator for ultra-wideband transmitter 全数字可编程高斯脉冲发生器,用于超宽带发射机
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552250
Joseph H. Lin, P. Pouliquen, A. Andreou
We demonstrate an all-digital ultra-wideband transmitter that implements programmable Gaussian monocycles. We show test results from a prototype chip in 0.5 um CMOS process and show simulation results from a 65nm CMOS process.
我们演示了一个实现可编程高斯单周期的全数字超宽带发射机。我们展示了0.5 um CMOS工艺的原型芯片的测试结果,并展示了65nm CMOS工艺的模拟结果。
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引用次数: 0
Polarized pulse position modulation for wireless optical communications 用于无线光通信的偏振脉冲位置调制
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6624253
Yuhan Dong, Zhang Tao, Xuedan Zhang
Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) improves both the power efficiency and bit error rate (BER) performance compared with the On-Off Keying (OOK) in wireless optical communication. Polarization Shift Keying (PolSK) can prevent the negative effects of ambient light. However, they still suffer from short distance and low data rate especially in underwater environment. By combining PPM and PolSK schemes, we proposed a novel Polarized Pulse Position Modulation (P-PPM) scheme with two modes of full-rate or non-full-rate determined by a pattern selective ratio. Numerical results suggest that the new full-rate scheme improves the data rate, BER, and transmission distance compared with the PPM scheme with the same peak power, and also obtains an enhancement in power efficiency compared with the PolSK scheme. A proper pattern selective ratio is also determined to balance the data rate and BER performance.
在无线光通信中,脉冲位置调制(PPM)比开关键控(OOK)提高了功率效率和误码率(BER)性能。偏振移键控(PolSK)可以防止环境光的负面影响。但是,在水下环境下,它们仍然存在距离短、数据速率低的问题。通过结合PPM和PolSK方案,我们提出了一种新的偏振脉冲位置调制(P-PPM)方案,该方案具有由模式选择比决定的全速率和非全速率两种模式。数值结果表明,与峰值功率相同的PPM方案相比,全速率方案提高了数据速率、误码率和传输距离,并且与PolSK方案相比,功率效率得到了提高。还确定了适当的模式选择比,以平衡数据速率和误码率性能。
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引用次数: 8
Real-time microphone array processing for sound source separation and localization 实时麦克风阵列处理声源分离和定位
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552257
Longji Sun, Qi Cheng
In this paper, the problem of sound source separation and localization is studied using a microphone array. A pure delay mixture model which is typical in outdoor environments is adopted. Our proposed approach utilizes the subspace method to estimate the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the sources from the collected mixtures. Since sound signals are generally considered broadband, the DOA estimates for a source at different frequencies are used to approximate the probability density function of the DOA. The maximum likelihood criterion is used to determine the final DOA estimate for the source. Using the estimated DOAs, the corresponding mixing and demixing matrices in the frequency domain are computed, and the source signals are recovered using the inverse short time Fourier transform (STFT). Our algorithm inherits the robustness to noise of the subspace method and also supports real-time implementation. Comprehensive simulations and experiments have been conducted to examine various aspects of the algorithm.
本文研究了利用传声器阵列进行声源分离和定位的问题。采用典型的室外环境纯延迟混合模型。我们提出的方法利用子空间方法从收集的混合物中估计源的到达方向(DOAs)。由于声音信号通常被认为是宽带的,因此在不同频率下对声源的DOA估计用于近似DOA的概率密度函数。最大似然准则用于确定源的最终DOA估计。利用估计的doa,在频域计算相应的混频和解混矩阵,并利用短时间傅里叶反变换(STFT)恢复源信号。该算法继承了子空间方法对噪声的鲁棒性,并支持实时实现。进行了全面的模拟和实验,以检查算法的各个方面。
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引用次数: 5
Throughput analysis of multi-hop relaying: The optimal rate and the optimal number of hops 多跳中继的吞吐量分析:最佳速率和最佳跳数
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552289
Sungjoon Park, W. Stark
In this paper, we consider a half-duplex decode-and-forward multi-hop relay network. The model for the channel that we consider includes path loss, shadowing, and fast fading. For this system and channel model, we find the outage probability for the multi-hop relay communication strategy that allows a packet to follow any path through the relays in the network. Based on the outage probability and the rate that used in the network, we find the exact throughput of the system. From this understanding of the system throughput, we find the optimal operating rate and the optimal number of hops that maximize the throughput. We also consider a system in which the relays have buffers that allow them to delay transmission and transmit when the channel conditions are favorable. We compare the system throughput of this buffer-equipped multi-hop relay network with the conventional multihop relay network without buffers.
在本文中,我们考虑一个半双工的译码转发多跳中继网络。我们考虑的信道模型包括路径损耗、阴影和快速衰落。对于这个系统和信道模型,我们找到了允许数据包沿着网络中任何路径通过中继的多跳中继通信策略的中断概率。根据中断概率和网络占用率,确定系统的准确吞吐量。根据对系统吞吐量的理解,我们找到了使吞吐量最大化的最优运行率和最优跳数。我们还考虑了一个系统,其中中继具有缓冲区,允许它们延迟传输并在信道条件有利时传输。我们比较了这种配备缓冲器的多跳中继网络与没有缓冲器的传统多跳中继网络的系统吞吐量。
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引用次数: 3
Efficient exhaustive search for binary complementary code sets 二进制互补码集的高效穷举搜索
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6552317
G. Coxson, J. Russo
Binary complementary code sets offer a possibility that single binary codes cannot-zero aperiodic autocorrelation sidelobe levels. These code sets can be viewed as the columns of so-called complementary code matrices, or CCMs. This matrix formulation is particularly useful in gaining the insight needed for developing an efficient exhaustive search for complementary code sets. An exhaustive search approach is described, designed to find all sets of K complementary binary codes of length N, for specified N and K. Results for several cases are examined.
二进制互补码集提供了单个二进制码的非周期自相关旁瓣电平不为零的可能性。这些码集可以看作是所谓的互补码矩阵(ccm)的列。这个矩阵公式在获得开发对互补代码集的高效穷举搜索所需的洞察力方面特别有用。描述了一种穷举搜索方法,旨在找到长度为N的K个互补二进制码的所有集合,对于指定的N和K,检查了几种情况的结果。
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引用次数: 7
ECG classification using ensemble of features 基于特征集合的心电分类
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6624256
S. Gunal, S. Ergin, E. S. Gunal, A. Uysal
In the literature, countless efforts have been made to analyze and classify electrocardiogram (ECG) signals belonging to various heart problems. In all these efforts, many feature extraction strategies have been used to expose discriminative information from ECG signals. In this paper, the contributions of widely used features to the classification performance and the required processing times to extract those features are comparatively analyzed. The utilized features can be briefly listed as time domain (TD), wavelet transform (WT), and power spectral density (PSD) based features. These feature sets are employed individually and in combination within well-known pattern classifiers, namely decision tree and artificial neural network, to assess classification performance in each case. Later, a wrapper-based feature selection strategy is used to reveal the most discriminative feature subset among the entire feature set containing all the three previously mentioned feature sets. The proposed framework is assessed considering four classes of heart conditions including normal, congestive heart failure, ventricular tachyarrhythmia and atrial fibrillation. The results of the experiments conducted on a large dataset reveal that appropriate subset of TD, WT, and PSD features rather than individual features offer higher classification performance. On the other hand, if the processing time is of concern, TD features come out on top with moderate classification performance.
在文献中,对各种心脏问题的心电图信号进行了无数的分析和分类。在所有这些努力中,许多特征提取策略被用于从心电信号中揭示判别信息。本文比较分析了常用特征对分类性能的贡献以及提取这些特征所需的处理时间。所利用的特征可以简单地列出为基于时域(TD)、小波变换(WT)和功率谱密度(PSD)的特征。这些特征集被单独或组合使用在众所周知的模式分类器中,即决策树和人工神经网络,以评估每种情况下的分类性能。然后,使用基于包装器的特征选择策略,在包含上述三个特征集的整个特征集中揭示最具判别性的特征子集。提出的框架是评估考虑四类心脏状况,包括正常,充血性心力衰竭,室性心动过速和心房颤动。在大型数据集上进行的实验结果表明,适当的TD、WT和PSD特征子集比单个特征具有更高的分类性能。另一方面,如果关注处理时间,则TD特征以中等的分类性能名列前茅。
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引用次数: 9
Information processing for image sensing under unfavorable photographic conditions 不利照相条件下图像传感的信息处理
Pub Date : 2013-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/CISS.2013.6624258
Fulu Li, J. Barabas, Ankit Mohan, R. Raskar
We investigate the problem of image sensing under unfavorable photographic conditions in a wireless image sensor network. In the scenes with deflective and/or reflective medium such as fogs, mirrors, glasses, degraded images are captured by those image sensors. Such degraded images often lack perceptual vividness and they offer a poor visibility of the scene contents. Notably, computation-intensive method to recover a better image based on single image [2] may not be applicable for wireless image sensors due to the limited computation capacities and the limited power resources (batteries) typically equipped at those wireless image sensors. In this paper, we propose a framework to recover better images under unfavorable photographic conditions in a wireless image sensor network, where a light-weighted computation method based on multiple images is employed to recover better images. Toward the realization of the whole system, we have built image sensor prototypes with commodity cameras and we validated our approach by indepth analysis, extensive simulations and field experiments in real-world situations.
研究了无线图像传感器网络在不利摄影条件下的图像感知问题。在具有偏转和/或反射介质的场景中,如雾、镜子、眼镜,这些图像传感器捕获退化的图像。这种退化的图像往往缺乏感知的生动性,并且对场景内容的可见性很差。值得注意的是,由于无线图像传感器通常配备的计算能力和电力资源(电池)有限,基于单幅图像恢复更好图像的计算密集型方法[2]可能不适用于无线图像传感器。在本文中,我们提出了一个在无线图像传感器网络中在不利的摄影条件下更好地恢复图像的框架,其中采用基于多幅图像的轻量级计算方法来恢复更好的图像。为了实现整个系统,我们用商用相机建立了图像传感器原型,并通过深入分析、广泛模拟和实际情况的现场实验验证了我们的方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2013 47th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)
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