Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495559
K. Hohkawa, K. Komine, N. Araki, H. Suzuki
This paper demonstrates a modulation method for a spread spectrum communication system in which a relatively large pulse compression ratio is obtained for a narrow transmission bandwidth through the employment of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. We discuss system performance, and propose circuit configurations that include a modulator and 3 types of demodulator. We also show a basic experimental result which verifies the feasibility of the system.
{"title":"Surface acoustic wave devices for pulse position modulated spread spectrum communication systems","authors":"K. Hohkawa, K. Komine, N. Araki, H. Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495559","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates a modulation method for a spread spectrum communication system in which a relatively large pulse compression ratio is obtained for a narrow transmission bandwidth through the employment of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. We discuss system performance, and propose circuit configurations that include a modulator and 3 types of demodulator. We also show a basic experimental result which verifies the feasibility of the system.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495633
Yasuo Cho, A. Kirihara, T. Saeki
This paper describes a new technique for imaging the state of spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric material by measuring the microscopic distribution of nonlinear dielectric constants. First, the theory for this new microscope is described. Secondly, applying this theory, the nonlinear dielectric microscope (a new microscope for measuring the distribution of nonlinear dielectric properties) is developed. Finally, using this new microscope, the distributions of the polarization of the lead zirconate titanate ceramics and the piezoelectric thin film of the copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene are observed.
{"title":"Development of nonlinear dielectric microscope and its application to measurement of ferroelectric polarization","authors":"Yasuo Cho, A. Kirihara, T. Saeki","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495633","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new technique for imaging the state of spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric material by measuring the microscopic distribution of nonlinear dielectric constants. First, the theory for this new microscope is described. Secondly, applying this theory, the nonlinear dielectric microscope (a new microscope for measuring the distribution of nonlinear dielectric properties) is developed. Finally, using this new microscope, the distributions of the polarization of the lead zirconate titanate ceramics and the piezoelectric thin film of the copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene are observed.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114532563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495541
C. Hartmann, V. Plessky, S. Jen
The waveguide properties of periodic waveguide structures on 112-LiTaO/sub 3/ are studied experimentally and theoretically at frequencies close to the Bragg stopband. On admittance curves of long transducer type test structures it is seen that additional attenuation appears at both the high and low frequency sides of the stopband in that the resonances at these frequencies are suppressed. In addition, strong spurious resonances are seen in the lower half of the stopband region. Direct laser probe measurements have shown that the amplitude distribution in the transverse direction across the waveguide changes significantly versus frequency. Propagation ranges from (a) weak single mode guiding at low frequency to (b) strong multi-mode guiding near the lower stopband frequency then (c) a region without any guided modes and strong side radiation near the upper stopband frequency and (d) a return to weak single mode guiding at frequencies well above the stopband. The theoretical explanation of the observed effect is proposed based on Haus and Wang (1978) and Schwelb (178) models. This effect "side-radiation" from waveguide structures in devices at the frequencies corresponding to the upper edge of the stopband can give rise to spurious responses due to acoustic coupling between different parts of the device.
{"title":"112/spl deg/-LiTaO/sub 3/ periodic waveguides","authors":"C. Hartmann, V. Plessky, S. Jen","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495541","url":null,"abstract":"The waveguide properties of periodic waveguide structures on 112-LiTaO/sub 3/ are studied experimentally and theoretically at frequencies close to the Bragg stopband. On admittance curves of long transducer type test structures it is seen that additional attenuation appears at both the high and low frequency sides of the stopband in that the resonances at these frequencies are suppressed. In addition, strong spurious resonances are seen in the lower half of the stopband region. Direct laser probe measurements have shown that the amplitude distribution in the transverse direction across the waveguide changes significantly versus frequency. Propagation ranges from (a) weak single mode guiding at low frequency to (b) strong multi-mode guiding near the lower stopband frequency then (c) a region without any guided modes and strong side radiation near the upper stopband frequency and (d) a return to weak single mode guiding at frequencies well above the stopband. The theoretical explanation of the observed effect is proposed based on Haus and Wang (1978) and Schwelb (178) models. This effect \"side-radiation\" from waveguide structures in devices at the frequencies corresponding to the upper edge of the stopband can give rise to spurious responses due to acoustic coupling between different parts of the device.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121706587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495735
P. Verardi, M. Dinescu
High quality ZnO thin films for BAW transducers have been deposited on silicon and sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition. An Nd:YAG laser (/spl lambda/=1.06 /spl mu/m, /spl tau//sub FWHM/=10 ns), able to deliver an output energy of 0.3 J/pulse, was used to irradiate pure Zn targets in an oxygen reactive atmosphere. Characterization of the films as obtained was conducted to establish their performance as a piezoelectric layer in transducers for BAW devices in the gigahertz range. Cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies show good crystallinity and perpendicular c-axis orientation. Insertion loss measurements, electromechanical coupling coefficient values and d/sub 33/ coefficients are similar, and in some cases superior, to that obtained by more laborious techniques.
{"title":"Characteristics of ZnO thin film transducers deposited by pulsed laser deposition","authors":"P. Verardi, M. Dinescu","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495735","url":null,"abstract":"High quality ZnO thin films for BAW transducers have been deposited on silicon and sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition. An Nd:YAG laser (/spl lambda/=1.06 /spl mu/m, /spl tau//sub FWHM/=10 ns), able to deliver an output energy of 0.3 J/pulse, was used to irradiate pure Zn targets in an oxygen reactive atmosphere. Characterization of the films as obtained was conducted to establish their performance as a piezoelectric layer in transducers for BAW devices in the gigahertz range. Cross-section Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies show good crystallinity and perpendicular c-axis orientation. Insertion loss measurements, electromechanical coupling coefficient values and d/sub 33/ coefficients are similar, and in some cases superior, to that obtained by more laborious techniques.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114725563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495591
S. Biryukov, V. G. Polevoi
General exact solutions for finding the surface charge and electric field distributions in an arbitrary IDT with a limited number of electrodes and in an arbitrary periodic IDT with a complex unit cell are given. They are based on the Keldysh-Sedov solution to the special mixed boundary problem of the analytic function theory. The external electric field may arbitrarily vary along the structure. The solutions may be expressed as a linear combination of potential differences between the electrodes and of integrals containing the external electric field. These solutions may be transformed for the description of any electrode connection conditions.
{"title":"General approach to the electrostatic problem of the IDT in an external electric field","authors":"S. Biryukov, V. G. Polevoi","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495591","url":null,"abstract":"General exact solutions for finding the surface charge and electric field distributions in an arbitrary IDT with a limited number of electrodes and in an arbitrary periodic IDT with a complex unit cell are given. They are based on the Keldysh-Sedov solution to the special mixed boundary problem of the analytic function theory. The external electric field may arbitrarily vary along the structure. The solutions may be expressed as a linear combination of potential differences between the electrodes and of integrals containing the external electric field. These solutions may be transformed for the description of any electrode connection conditions.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127625151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495699
H. Schmidt, M. Weihnacht, R. Wobst
A thin film approach of an acoustooptical Bragg modulator on silicon substrates has been investigated. We used a piezoelectric ZnO layer for the SAW excitation and a light guiding oxynitride film separated by a lower refractive SiO/sub 2/-layer from the high index silicon substrate and zinc oxide film. The optical system was designed for a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Calculations for the optical field distribution yielded a 15 /spl mu/m light guiding structure. Multi-mode acoustooptical interaction was concluded from numerical evaluation of SAW excitation and depth distribution of strain profiles for this 15 /spl mu/m optical waveguide on (001) [110] silicon covered by an 8 /spl mu/m ZnO top layer. By experiment, the Bragg reflection of the optical wave has been observed really in four different frequency regions due to the existence of three Sezawa modes additionally to the Rayleigh mode.
{"title":"A thin-film-on-silicon acoustooptical modulator with multi-mode behavior","authors":"H. Schmidt, M. Weihnacht, R. Wobst","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495699","url":null,"abstract":"A thin film approach of an acoustooptical Bragg modulator on silicon substrates has been investigated. We used a piezoelectric ZnO layer for the SAW excitation and a light guiding oxynitride film separated by a lower refractive SiO/sub 2/-layer from the high index silicon substrate and zinc oxide film. The optical system was designed for a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Calculations for the optical field distribution yielded a 15 /spl mu/m light guiding structure. Multi-mode acoustooptical interaction was concluded from numerical evaluation of SAW excitation and depth distribution of strain profiles for this 15 /spl mu/m optical waveguide on (001) [110] silicon covered by an 8 /spl mu/m ZnO top layer. By experiment, the Bragg reflection of the optical wave has been observed really in four different frequency regions due to the existence of three Sezawa modes additionally to the Rayleigh mode.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126417741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495808
D. Phillips, K. Parker
We have developed a phantom manufactured with thin film techniques that enables precise placement of sub-resolvable "digital scatterers" on an acoustically transparent supporting medium within the scan plane of an ultrasound system. This technique permits formation of sophisticated test targets commonly used in imaging science. These phantoms can reveal the combined influence of all the stages in the imaging chain, as well as demonstrate imaging phenomenon that are difficult or not feasible to evaluate with conventional ultrasound phantoms. Use of half-tone mask techniques permit the specification of placement, pattern and statistical distribution of these "digital scatterers" necessary to produce images with definable gray scale characteristics. We have also been able to produce controlled stimulus sources for Doppler and color flow Doppler evaluation.
{"title":"A new imaging science phantom for performance evaluation of ultrasonic imaging systems","authors":"D. Phillips, K. Parker","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495808","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a phantom manufactured with thin film techniques that enables precise placement of sub-resolvable \"digital scatterers\" on an acoustically transparent supporting medium within the scan plane of an ultrasound system. This technique permits formation of sophisticated test targets commonly used in imaging science. These phantoms can reveal the combined influence of all the stages in the imaging chain, as well as demonstrate imaging phenomenon that are difficult or not feasible to evaluate with conventional ultrasound phantoms. Use of half-tone mask techniques permit the specification of placement, pattern and statistical distribution of these \"digital scatterers\" necessary to produce images with definable gray scale characteristics. We have also been able to produce controlled stimulus sources for Doppler and color flow Doppler evaluation.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125779276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495564
D. Andres, G. K. Montress, J. Greer, T. Parker
All Quartz Package (AQP) SAW oscillators with low vibration sensitivity are achievable by minimizing the external stresses that might otherwise be transferred to the AQP SAW device. If these external stresses are at their lowest possible level, then frit geometry becomes a factor in limiting just how low the vibration sensitivity may be. Optimizing the frit geometry often involves trade-offs with the overall AQP SAW device's size requirements. Through the use of finite element modeling, it was determined that the AQP's cover and substrate thicknesses could also be used to improve vibration sensitivity. The model predicted a decrease in vibration sensitivity, with increasing cover thickness, for the vibration sensitivity component, /spl gamma//sub 1/, in a direction normal to the SAW substrate. The model also predicted a degradation in vibration sensitivity with increasing substrate thickness. These results were confirmed experimentally. The other benefit of increased cover thickness was a sizable decrease in the variation of performance among the devices tested. The increased cover thickness decreases the sensitivity of the AQP SAW to variations in the mounting material. The influence of AQP cover thickness on an insufficiently stiffened oscillator was also examined. The results were similar, except that the variation in cover thickness had a more dramatic affect than in the sufficiently stiffened case.
{"title":"Optimizing AQP SAW resonators for reduced vibration sensitivity","authors":"D. Andres, G. K. Montress, J. Greer, T. Parker","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495564","url":null,"abstract":"All Quartz Package (AQP) SAW oscillators with low vibration sensitivity are achievable by minimizing the external stresses that might otherwise be transferred to the AQP SAW device. If these external stresses are at their lowest possible level, then frit geometry becomes a factor in limiting just how low the vibration sensitivity may be. Optimizing the frit geometry often involves trade-offs with the overall AQP SAW device's size requirements. Through the use of finite element modeling, it was determined that the AQP's cover and substrate thicknesses could also be used to improve vibration sensitivity. The model predicted a decrease in vibration sensitivity, with increasing cover thickness, for the vibration sensitivity component, /spl gamma//sub 1/, in a direction normal to the SAW substrate. The model also predicted a degradation in vibration sensitivity with increasing substrate thickness. These results were confirmed experimentally. The other benefit of increased cover thickness was a sizable decrease in the variation of performance among the devices tested. The increased cover thickness decreases the sensitivity of the AQP SAW to variations in the mounting material. The influence of AQP cover thickness on an insufficiently stiffened oscillator was also examined. The results were similar, except that the variation in cover thickness had a more dramatic affect than in the sufficiently stiffened case.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121614282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495820
D. Leotta, P. R. Detmer, O. Gilja, J. Jong, Roy W. Martin, J. Primozich, Kirk W. Beach, D. Strandness
The authors have used several configurations of a commercial 6D magnetic position and orientation measurement system to track an ultrasound scanhead and reconstruct 2D ultrasound images in 3D space. They have measured precision and accuracy with two magnetic sensors working in parallel, and with a miniaturized magnetic sensor. The use of two standard size sensors has shown limited improvement in precision (1.5 mm RMS uncertainty compared with 1.8 mm for a single sensor). The miniature sensor has an average precision of 2.1 mm over its operating range. The miniature sensor has been calibrated with an imaging system and has been used in 3D reconstructions of the stomach and the carotid artery.
{"title":"Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging using multiple magnetic tracking systems and miniature magnetic sensors","authors":"D. Leotta, P. R. Detmer, O. Gilja, J. Jong, Roy W. Martin, J. Primozich, Kirk W. Beach, D. Strandness","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495820","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have used several configurations of a commercial 6D magnetic position and orientation measurement system to track an ultrasound scanhead and reconstruct 2D ultrasound images in 3D space. They have measured precision and accuracy with two magnetic sensors working in parallel, and with a miniaturized magnetic sensor. The use of two standard size sensors has shown limited improvement in precision (1.5 mm RMS uncertainty compared with 1.8 mm for a single sensor). The miniature sensor has an average precision of 2.1 mm over its operating range. The miniature sensor has been calibrated with an imaging system and has been used in 3D reconstructions of the stomach and the carotid artery.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132074034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-11-07DOI: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495604
I. B. Yakovkin, R. Taziev, A. Kozlov
The present paper contains the complete numerical investigation of surface acoustics waves in langasite. The results are comprehensive contour-map and three-dimensional loci for velocity (Vo,Vm), beam steering (/spl theta//sup 1/), electromechanical coupling factor (K/sup 2/), first and second temperature derivatives of delay times (TCD1, TCD2). Optimal cuts for multimode resonators (TCD1=0), for bandpass filter (K/sup 2/=0.54%) and for sensors (TCD1=32.82 ppm//spl deg/C) are determined. The rotated Z+25/spl deg/ cut has large K/sup 2/=0.26% and TCD1=0 at the room temperature. The surface transverse wave that propagates over this cut in X+90/spl deg/ exists only at the metalized surface.
{"title":"Numerical and experimental investigation SAW in langasite","authors":"I. B. Yakovkin, R. Taziev, A. Kozlov","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1995.495604","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper contains the complete numerical investigation of surface acoustics waves in langasite. The results are comprehensive contour-map and three-dimensional loci for velocity (Vo,Vm), beam steering (/spl theta//sup 1/), electromechanical coupling factor (K/sup 2/), first and second temperature derivatives of delay times (TCD1, TCD2). Optimal cuts for multimode resonators (TCD1=0), for bandpass filter (K/sup 2/=0.54%) and for sensors (TCD1=32.82 ppm//spl deg/C) are determined. The rotated Z+25/spl deg/ cut has large K/sup 2/=0.26% and TCD1=0 at the room temperature. The surface transverse wave that propagates over this cut in X+90/spl deg/ exists only at the metalized surface.","PeriodicalId":268177,"journal":{"name":"1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132195768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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