Pub Date : 2020-10-23DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.213867
V. Paziuk, V. Dub, O. Tereshkin, Andreii Zahorulko, Igor Lebedynets, D. Pankov, A. Hotvianska
The proposed engineering and technological solutions are aimed at improving the operation of a low-temperature drum grain dryer by using a combined mechanical vibration exciter, with the further justification of low-temperature regime parameters. Existing vibration technologies imply the high-temperature drying of food grains with further utilization of spent heat carrier for reheating it. In this case, the high-temperature drying of cereals and seed crops (grains, onions, etc.) does not make it possible to maintain high germination, emphasizing the need for low-temperature treatment, which, in this case, reduces the efficiency of spent heat carrier. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of the drying process and technology, it has been proposed to employ vibration low-frequency technologies that ensure seed quality. The trajectory and the kinetic energy of the drum container with a combined mechanical vibration exciter have been calculated for the improved vibratory drum grain dryer. The rational vibration intensity for seed drying providing the following kinetic characteristics has been established: vibration speed, to 0.03 m/s; vibration acceleration, 30 m/s 2 ; vibration intensity, 2.6 m 2 /s 2 ; at amplitude vibration not exceeding 2 mm. It has been also established that the intense warming of a barley layer occurs at a temperature of 50 °C and a humidity of 13.5 %, the final temperature is 42.4 °C, and, at 40 °C, is, accordingly, 35.4 °C. This has confirmed that the low-temperature drying of barley seeds of the variety "Stalker" (Ukraine) takes place during the periods of constant and falling drying speed characterized by a high level of germination (95...93 %)
提出了采用组合式机械激振器改善低温滚筒谷物干燥机运行的工程技术方案，并对低温工况参数进行了进一步论证。现有的振动技术意味着粮食的高温干燥，并进一步利用废热载体对其进行再加热。在这种情况下，谷物和种子作物(谷物、洋葱等)的高温干燥不能保持高发芽率，强调需要低温处理，在这种情况下，低温处理降低了废热载体的效率。因此，为了提高干燥工艺和技术的效率，提出采用低频振动技术来保证种子质量。对改进的振动鼓式谷物干燥机进行了组合机械激振器下的筒形容器运动轨迹和动能计算。建立了种子干燥的合理振动强度，并提供了以下动力学特性:振动速度为0.03 m/s;振动加速度，30 m/s 2;振动强度:2.6 m 2 /s 2;振幅振动不超过2mm。还确定了大麦层在温度为50°C，湿度为13.5%时发生强烈升温，最终温度为42.4°C，在40°C时，相应的温度为35.4°C。这证实了“Stalker”(乌克兰)品种大麦种子的低温干燥发生在恒定和下降的干燥速度期间，其特点是萌发率高(95…93%)
{"title":"Improving the Operation of a Drum Grain Dryer With Justification of the Low-Temperature Mode Parameters","authors":"V. Paziuk, V. Dub, O. Tereshkin, Andreii Zahorulko, Igor Lebedynets, D. Pankov, A. Hotvianska","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.213867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.213867","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed engineering and technological solutions are aimed at improving the operation of a low-temperature drum grain dryer by using a combined mechanical vibration exciter, with the further justification of low-temperature regime parameters. Existing vibration technologies imply the high-temperature drying of food grains with further utilization of spent heat carrier for reheating it. In this case, the high-temperature drying of cereals and seed crops (grains, onions, etc.) does not make it possible to maintain high germination, emphasizing the need for low-temperature treatment, which, in this case, reduces the efficiency of spent heat carrier. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of the drying process and technology, it has been proposed to employ vibration low-frequency technologies that ensure seed quality. The trajectory and the kinetic energy of the drum container with a combined mechanical vibration exciter have been calculated for the improved vibratory drum grain dryer. The rational vibration intensity for seed drying providing the following kinetic characteristics has been established: vibration speed, to 0.03 m/s; vibration acceleration, 30 m/s 2 ; vibration intensity, 2.6 m 2 /s 2 ; at amplitude vibration not exceeding 2 mm. It has been also established that the intense warming of a barley layer occurs at a temperature of 50 °C and a humidity of 13.5 %, the final temperature is 42.4 °C, and, at 40 °C, is, accordingly, 35.4 °C. This has confirmed that the low-temperature drying of barley seeds of the variety \"Stalker\" (Ukraine) takes place during the periods of constant and falling drying speed characterized by a high level of germination (95...93 %)","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"571 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122731916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agribusiness is the foundation of India. In India, 50 % of the remaining task at hand depends upon agribusiness. The responsibility of the agriculture part in the Indian economy is higher than some other divisions in India. In any case, Farmers utilized customary strategy for developing harvests, which involve less profitability of yields. Additionally, an erosion and disintegration are likewise a principle motivation to less profitability of yields. This will impact in diminishes fruitfulness level. Loss of soil supplements through different courses is likewise motivation to diminish soil richness level. Supplements like potassium (K), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are basic for the evolution of a plant. The advancement in agriculture is vital to tackle these issues in the agribusiness part and shrewd cultivating is that the appropriate response. This can be conceivable utilizing IOT gadgets. Farmers can get the necessary data just as the screen is yield. IOT associates the whole world with the help of sensors and other installed gadgets. The diverse soil tests will be taken from various fields and soil esteems will be determined to utilize a PH sensor where supplements worth will be separated from it. The live information will be sent to the cloud database where information will be put away. Where information will be broke down to improve crop yields. Here for information broke down information mining method is used. Information mining in agriculture assumes an imperative job in yield assumptions, soil productivity, and plant sicknesses and so on. Farmers can watch information on screen by a website. What's more, farmers will likewise get crop lists dependent on that information which harvests will be possible to yield in that soil.
{"title":"Soil Monitoring and Testing Using IoT for Fertility Level and Crop Prediction","authors":"Swapnil Raut, V. Chitre","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3561682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561682","url":null,"abstract":"Agribusiness is the foundation of India. In India, 50 % of the remaining task at hand depends upon agribusiness. The responsibility of the agriculture part in the Indian economy is higher than some other divisions in India. In any case, Farmers utilized customary strategy for developing harvests, which involve less profitability of yields. Additionally, an erosion and disintegration are likewise a principle motivation to less profitability of yields. This will impact in diminishes fruitfulness level. Loss of soil supplements through different courses is likewise motivation to diminish soil richness level. Supplements like potassium (K), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are basic for the evolution of a plant. The advancement in agriculture is vital to tackle these issues in the agribusiness part and shrewd cultivating is that the appropriate response. This can be conceivable utilizing IOT gadgets. Farmers can get the necessary data just as the screen is yield. IOT associates the whole world with the help of sensors and other installed gadgets. The diverse soil tests will be taken from various fields and soil esteems will be determined to utilize a PH sensor where supplements worth will be separated from it. The live information will be sent to the cloud database where information will be put away. Where information will be broke down to improve crop yields. Here for information broke down information mining method is used. Information mining in agriculture assumes an imperative job in yield assumptions, soil productivity, and plant sicknesses and so on. Farmers can watch information on screen by a website. What's more, farmers will likewise get crop lists dependent on that information which harvests will be possible to yield in that soil.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125641659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pratiksha Potghan, S. Suryawanshi, Payal Katke, Dr. N. N. Ghuge
A Polyhouse is where plants are developed. Polyhouses are regularly utilized for developing blossoms, vegetables, foods grown from the ground plant. Basic factors affecting plant growth are sunlight, the water content in the soil, the PH level of water, etc. These physical elements are to control physically inside a Polyhouse and a requirement for robotized configuration emerges. Consequently controlling all the elements that influence plant development is likewise a troublesome undertaking as it is costly and some physical variables are between related. The system also allows transmission of process parameters, including emergency alarm signals via e-mail client-server or alternatively sending an SMS on a mobile phone using GSM Module. This bidirectional pump used for inlet and outlet water. Water siphoning has a long history; such a large number of techniques have been created to siphon water. Individuals have utilized an assortment of intensity sources, to be specific human vitality, creature power, hydropower, wind, sun based, and powers such diesel for little generators. The most common pump is used in remote communities are. Solar submersible pumps, Hand pumps Direct drive diesel driven borehole pumps, Electric submersible pumps with a diesel generator.
{"title":"GSM Based Polyhouse Farming and Controlling using Bidirectional Pump","authors":"Pratiksha Potghan, S. Suryawanshi, Payal Katke, Dr. N. N. Ghuge","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3645345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3645345","url":null,"abstract":"A Polyhouse is where plants are developed. Polyhouses are regularly utilized for developing blossoms, vegetables, foods grown from the ground plant. Basic factors affecting plant growth are sunlight, the water content in the soil, the PH level of water, etc. These physical elements are to control physically inside a Polyhouse and a requirement for robotized configuration emerges. Consequently controlling all the elements that influence plant development is likewise a troublesome undertaking as it is costly and some physical variables are between related. The system also allows transmission of process parameters, including emergency alarm signals via e-mail client-server or alternatively sending an SMS on a mobile phone using GSM Module. This bidirectional pump used for inlet and outlet water. Water siphoning has a long history; such a large number of techniques have been created to siphon water. Individuals have utilized an assortment of intensity sources, to be specific human vitality, creature power, hydropower, wind, sun based, and powers such diesel for little generators. The most common pump is used in remote communities are. Solar submersible pumps, Hand pumps Direct drive diesel driven borehole pumps, Electric submersible pumps with a diesel generator.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116507844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The predominant use of fossil and wood energy sources in Nigeria has contributed immensely to environmental pollution and related health challenges; this has prompted an increasing demand for other cleaner and sustainable energy sources such as solar cookers. In this study, design and thermal evaluation of solar box using cheap locally available waste materials was carried out. The experimental investigations were carried out in Aroma, Awka, Anambra State with geographical coordinates of Latitude 6°122511N and 7°0410411East, South Eastern Nigeria on 31st March and 1st April, 2016. Mullick Figures of Merit was used to test for the thermal performance of the cookers. The first figure of merit 𝐹1 calculated for the constructed box cooker was 0.123, which is within the recommended range of 0.12–0.16 m2oC/W for a functional cooker. The second figure of merit 𝐹2 was calculated for the constructed solar box cooker as 0.285 which is also within the prescribed range of 0.254-0.490m2oC/W, while delay observed in cooking time is attributable to the roughness in the foil, dirt and myth of overcast skies. The delay in boiling time was due to poor weather and instability in solar radiation.
{"title":"Thermal Performance of a Developed Solar Box Cooker for AWKA Metropolis","authors":"U. Okonkwo, A. O. Onokwai, C. E. Okafor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3220855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3220855","url":null,"abstract":"The predominant use of fossil and wood energy sources in Nigeria has contributed immensely to environmental pollution and related health challenges; this has prompted an increasing demand for other cleaner and sustainable energy sources such as solar cookers. In this study, design and thermal evaluation of solar box using cheap locally available waste materials was carried out. The experimental investigations were carried out in Aroma, Awka, Anambra State with geographical coordinates of Latitude 6°122511N and 7°0410411East, South Eastern Nigeria on 31st March and 1st April, 2016. Mullick Figures of Merit was used to test for the thermal performance of the cookers. The first figure of merit 𝐹1 calculated for the constructed box cooker was 0.123, which is within the recommended range of 0.12–0.16 m2oC/W for a functional cooker. The second figure of merit 𝐹2 was calculated for the constructed solar box cooker as 0.285 which is also within the prescribed range of 0.254-0.490m2oC/W, while delay observed in cooking time is attributable to the roughness in the foil, dirt and myth of overcast skies. The delay in boiling time was due to poor weather and instability in solar radiation.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131677413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We conduct a field experiment to understand how the strategies organizations use to implement new technologies affect their adoption and efficacy. Specifically, we show that the standard strategy schools use to introduce a text message alert system for parents — online signup — induces negligible adoption. Simplifying the enrollment process by allowing parents to enroll via text messages modestly increases adoption — especially among parents of higher-performing students. Automatically enrolling parents dramatically increases adoption since very few parents opt out. The standard and simplified implementations generate no detectable increases in student performance. However, automatically enrolling parents meaningfully increases GPA and reduces student course failures. Simple changes to the implementation of new technologies can lead to radically different conclusions about whether new technologies are valuable and their ability to close achievement gaps.
{"title":"Is This Technology Useless? How Seemingly Irrelevant Factors Affect Adoption and Efficacy","authors":"Peter Bergman, Todd Rogers","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2989042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2989042","url":null,"abstract":"We conduct a field experiment to understand how the strategies organizations use to implement new technologies affect their adoption and efficacy. Specifically, we show that the standard strategy schools use to introduce a text message alert system for parents — online signup — induces negligible adoption. Simplifying the enrollment process by allowing parents to enroll via text messages modestly increases adoption — especially among parents of higher-performing students. Automatically enrolling parents dramatically increases adoption since very few parents opt out. The standard and simplified implementations generate no detectable increases in student performance. However, automatically enrolling parents meaningfully increases GPA and reduces student course failures. Simple changes to the implementation of new technologies can lead to radically different conclusions about whether new technologies are valuable and their ability to close achievement gaps.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133145899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bernardino Adão, B. Narajabad, Ted Loch-Temzelides
We study the adaptation of new technologies by renewable energy-producing firms in a dynamic general equilibrium model where energy is an input in the production of goods. Energy can come from fossil or renewable sources. Both require the use of capital, which is also needed in the production of final goods. Renewable energy firms can invest in improving the productivity of their capital stock. The actual improvement is random and subject to spillovers. Productivity improvements by renewable firms require "scrapping" some of their existing capital. Together with spill-overs, this leads to under-investment in improving the productivity of renewable energy capital. In the presence of environmental externalities, the optimal allocation can be implemented through a Pigouvian tax on fossil fuel, together with a policy which promotes adaptation of new renewable technologies by taxing firms proportional to their under-scrapping. An implication of our analysis is that it is not optimal to make large investments in new technologies where progress is fast and where current capital becomes obsolete before long. We calibrate the model using world-economy data in order to study the implications of various proposed tax/subsidy scenarios for economic growth.
{"title":"Renewable Technology Adoption and the Macroeconomy","authors":"Bernardino Adão, B. Narajabad, Ted Loch-Temzelides","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2941401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2941401","url":null,"abstract":"We study the adaptation of new technologies by renewable energy-producing firms in a dynamic general equilibrium model where energy is an input in the production of goods. Energy can come from fossil or renewable sources. Both require the use of capital, which is also needed in the production of final goods. Renewable energy firms can invest in improving the productivity of their capital stock. The actual improvement is random and subject to spillovers. Productivity improvements by renewable firms require \"scrapping\" some of their existing capital. Together with spill-overs, this leads to under-investment in improving the productivity of renewable energy capital. In the presence of environmental externalities, the optimal allocation can be implemented through a Pigouvian tax on fossil fuel, together with a policy which promotes adaptation of new renewable technologies by taxing firms proportional to their under-scrapping. An implication of our analysis is that it is not optimal to make large investments in new technologies where progress is fast and where current capital becomes obsolete before long. We calibrate the model using world-economy data in order to study the implications of various proposed tax/subsidy scenarios for economic growth.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Canadian governments need an affordable blueprint to drive their green tech goals, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “A Blueprint for Going Green: The Best Policy Mix for Promoting Low-Emissions Technology,” author David Popp draws on international evidence to produce recommendations for the efficient development of green energy technology.
{"title":"A Blueprint for Going Green: The Best Policy Mix for Promoting Low-Emissions Technology","authors":"D. Popp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2812233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2812233","url":null,"abstract":"Canadian governments need an affordable blueprint to drive their green tech goals, according to a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute. In “A Blueprint for Going Green: The Best Policy Mix for Promoting Low-Emissions Technology,” author David Popp draws on international evidence to produce recommendations for the efficient development of green energy technology.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121237634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In creating a level playing field that facilitates the deployment of renewable energy technology (RET), the traditional energy policy regime based on eliminating RET’s cost gaps versus fossil energy technology (FET) may be not sufficient. Building on an economic model of energy technology adoption that features network externality, this paper takes an explicit account of the potential importance of network externality in the design of RET adoption policies. We argue that as incumbent FET has established pervasive deployment and installed base advantages within the existing energy production, distribution and service network, it would create a network externality mechanism that makes it difficult to dislodge the dominant FET-based technological regime, leading to an inertia against the adoption of newly emerging RET even if energy policy regulations have been put in place to eliminate RET’s cost disadvantage. We hence propose that a reformulation of RET policy paradigm should consider extending the traditional scheme centring on eliminating cost gap to a new one that corrects for both cost and network externality gaps.
{"title":"Levelling the Playing Field: On the Missing Role of Network Externality in Designing Renewable Energy Technology Deployment Policies","authors":"W. Jin, Zhongxiang Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2654756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2654756","url":null,"abstract":"In creating a level playing field that facilitates the deployment of renewable energy technology (RET), the traditional energy policy regime based on eliminating RET’s cost gaps versus fossil energy technology (FET) may be not sufficient. Building on an economic model of energy technology adoption that features network externality, this paper takes an explicit account of the potential importance of network externality in the design of RET adoption policies. We argue that as incumbent FET has established pervasive deployment and installed base advantages within the existing energy production, distribution and service network, it would create a network externality mechanism that makes it difficult to dislodge the dominant FET-based technological regime, leading to an inertia against the adoption of newly emerging RET even if energy policy regulations have been put in place to eliminate RET’s cost disadvantage. We hence propose that a reformulation of RET policy paradigm should consider extending the traditional scheme centring on eliminating cost gap to a new one that corrects for both cost and network externality gaps.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126757185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article provides an overview of the use of field experiments in energy and resource economics. I concentrate on two areas of study; field experiments that (i) speak to the use of dynamic pricing plans to manage the use of electricity and water and (ii) explore the adoption of energy saving technologies. Viewed in its totality, this work suggests that both neo-classical factors, such as prices or search costs, and behavioural constructs, such as salience or social norms, influence the use of energy and water. For academics, the studies reviewed provide a deeper understanding of individual behaviour and the factors that drive the private provision of public goods. For policy-makers, the studies reviewed provide a blueprint outlining ways to combine insights from neo-classical and behavioural economics to manage energy/water demand and mitigate externalities generated through their use.
{"title":"Using Field Experiments to Address Environmental Externalities and Resource Scarcity: Major Lessons Learned and New Directions for Future Research","authors":"Michael K. Price","doi":"10.1093/OXREP/GRV002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXREP/GRV002","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an overview of the use of field experiments in energy and resource economics. I concentrate on two areas of study; field experiments that (i) speak to the use of dynamic pricing plans to manage the use of electricity and water and (ii) explore the adoption of energy saving technologies. Viewed in its totality, this work suggests that both neo-classical factors, such as prices or search costs, and behavioural constructs, such as salience or social norms, influence the use of energy and water. For academics, the studies reviewed provide a deeper understanding of individual behaviour and the factors that drive the private provision of public goods. For policy-makers, the studies reviewed provide a blueprint outlining ways to combine insights from neo-classical and behavioural economics to manage energy/water demand and mitigate externalities generated through their use.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
VDSL Vectoring is a transmission technology over copper access line pairs enabling the transmission of higher bandwidth to the end customers, but harms the infrastructure based competition using physical unbundled copper lines. Thus regulators have to decide between infrastructure based competition of physical unbundling against earlier broadband rollout meeting the DAE goals in time and bandwidth, while pure fibre based broadband networks will require more time and investment for serving whole areas, but then provide higher bandwidth. Thus VDSL Vectoring is an interim solution. This paper highlights the benefits of such solution and the regulatory challenges and options being faced. The Virtual Unbundled Local Access (VULA) is one regulatory tool forming a compromise between the advantages of physical unbundling and the need to early satisfy higher bandwidth supply targets.
VDSL矢量传输是一种基于铜接入线对的传输技术，能够向最终用户传输更高的带宽，但使用物理非捆绑铜线会损害基于基础设施的竞争。因此，监管机构必须在基于基础设施的物理分绑竞争和在时间和带宽上满足DAE目标的早期宽带推出之间做出决定，而纯光纤宽带网络将需要更多的时间和投资来服务整个地区，但随后提供更高的带宽。因此，VDSL矢量化是一种临时解决方案。本文强调了这种解决方案的好处以及面临的监管挑战和选择。虚拟非捆绑本地接入(Virtual unbundle Local Access, VULA)是一种在物理非捆绑优势和尽早满足更高带宽供应目标之间形成妥协的监管工具。
{"title":"Benefits and Regulatory Challenges of VDSL Vectoring (and VULA)","authors":"T. Plueckebaum, S. Jay, K. Neumann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2459486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2459486","url":null,"abstract":"VDSL Vectoring is a transmission technology over copper access line pairs enabling the transmission of higher bandwidth to the end customers, but harms the infrastructure based competition using physical unbundled copper lines. Thus regulators have to decide between infrastructure based competition of physical unbundling against earlier broadband rollout meeting the DAE goals in time and bandwidth, while pure fibre based broadband networks will require more time and investment for serving whole areas, but then provide higher bandwidth. Thus VDSL Vectoring is an interim solution. This paper highlights the benefits of such solution and the regulatory challenges and options being faced. The Virtual Unbundled Local Access (VULA) is one regulatory tool forming a compromise between the advantages of physical unbundling and the need to early satisfy higher bandwidth supply targets.","PeriodicalId":268570,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Other Sustainable Technology (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114271867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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