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2016 13th International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES)最新文献

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Analysis of Timed Automata with Guards in dioids algebra 二类代数中带保护的时间自动机分析
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497878
Julien Niguez, S. Amari, J. Faure
In this paper, we propose a new linear representation to model the behavior of Timed Automata with Guards (TAGs) using the formalism of dioids algebra. This linear modeling is used to define the parallel composition and properties of determinism for TAGs. The contribution is illustrated with an example of a jobshop to analyze the performances of this system.
本文利用二类代数的形式,提出了一种新的线性表示方法来描述带保护的时间自动机的行为。这种线性建模用于定义标签的并行组成和确定性性质。并以某作业车间为例,对该系统的性能进行了分析。
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引用次数: 4
Selection of solution strategies for colored traveling salesman problems with different city distribution 不同城市分布有色旅行商问题的求解策略选择
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497869
Xianghu Meng, Jun Li, Xiangzhong Dai
The colored traveling salesman problem (CTSP) is a generalization of the well-known multiple traveling salesman problem. In CTSP, each salesman is allocated a particular color and each city carrying one to all salesmen' colors allows any salesman of the same color to visit exactly once. There are two strategies to address CTSP, i.e., the direct and transformed. The former is to solve a CTSP directly while the latter addresses it by decomposing it into simpler sub-problems first. Given a CTSP with different city color distribution, the solutions obtained by them may be different. We consider that there should be a certain regularity for selecting a proper solution strategy for a CTSP according to its city color distribution. This paper focuses on investigating such a regularity and establishes some principles for the solution strategies selection. First, we propose a city coloring scheme and algorithm for allocating proportionally different colors to the cities in each cluster. Then, we define a color dispersion degree as the percentage of color-changed cities in each city cluster. Finally, some experiments are conducted to track the regularity for selecting a proper strategy for solving a CTSP according to its city color distribution. The results show that the more scattered the city color distribution, the better the solution achieved by the direct strategy, using the same genetic algorithm. Also, it suggests that the solution algorithm combined with proximity operations, e.g., greedy operation, can efficiently accommodate the fluctuating city color distribution in CTSP.
彩色旅行商问题(CTSP)是对著名的多重旅行商问题的推广。在CTSP中,每个销售人员被分配一个特定的颜色,每个城市携带一个到所有销售人员的颜色,允许任何相同颜色的销售人员只访问一次。解决CTSP有两种策略,即直接策略和转化策略。前者是直接解决CTSP,而后者是先将其分解为更简单的子问题来解决它。给定不同城市颜色分布的CTSP,它们得到的解可能不同。我们认为根据CTSP的城市颜色分布选择合适的解决策略应该有一定的规律性。本文着重研究了这一规律,并建立了一些解决策略选择的原则。首先,我们提出了一个城市着色方案和算法,为每个集群中的城市按比例分配不同的颜色。然后,我们将颜色分散度定义为每个城市群中变色城市的百分比。最后,根据CTSP的城市颜色分布,进行了一些实验来跟踪选择合适的策略来求解CTSP的规律。结果表明,在相同的遗传算法下,城市颜色分布越分散,直接策略的求解效果越好。同时,结合邻近操作(如贪心操作)的求解算法可以有效地适应CTSP中城市颜色分布的波动。
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引用次数: 1
Fourier-Motzkin method for failure diagnosis in Petri Net models of discrete event systems 离散事件系统Petri网模型故障诊断的Fourier-Motzkin方法
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497843
Ahmed Al-Ajeli, B. Bordbar
This paper presents a new technique for failure diagnosis in partially observable discrete event systems modelled as Petri nets. In this new technique we adopt Integer Fourier-Motzkin Elimination (IFME) method. We start with a Petri net and produce the state equations. The state equations are a set of integer valued inequalities in variables that represent number of firing of transitions. Occurrences of failure can also be expressed by inequalities. Then we extend the set of inequalities obtained from the state equations to two new sets. The first is created from adding the inequality for failure. The second is created from adding the negation of the inequality for failure. Applying the IFME method to the two resulting sets of inequalities, the variables corresponding to unobservable transitions will be eliminated. Then we prove that for acyclic Petri nets, the reduced set of inequalities after the elimination can be used to diagnose failures.
本文提出了一种用Petri网建模的部分可观测离散事件系统故障诊断的新方法。在这种新技术中,我们采用整数傅立叶-莫兹金消去法(IFME)。我们从一个Petri网开始,得到状态方程。状态方程是变量中的一组整数值不等式,表示触发转换的次数。失败的发生也可以用不等式来表示。然后将由状态方程得到的不等式集推广到两个新的不等式集。第一个是通过添加失败的不平等而创建的。第二个是通过添加失败不平等的否定而创建的。将IFME方法应用于两个结果不等式集,将消除与不可观察过渡相对应的变量。然后证明了对于非循环Petri网,消去后的约简不等式集可以用于故障诊断。
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引用次数: 9
Threshold optimization of event-triggered multi-loop control systems 事件触发多环控制系统的阈值优化
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497849
Burak Demirel, V. Gupta, D. Quevedo, M. Johansson
This paper considers multiple linear stochastic control systems whose feedback loops are closed over a shared communication medium. A threshold-based event-triggering rule is used to transmit control commands from the controllers to the actuators, and network access is arbitrated using a static priority mechanism. Under these conditions, we study dead-beat control laws and compute the expected linear-quadratic loss of the closed-loop system as a function of the event-thresholds of the individual loops. Also, we present analytical expressions that quantify the trade-off between the communication cost and the control performance of such event-triggered control systems. Using a multi-dimensional exhaustive search method, we determine the set of event thresholds that attains the minimal expected linear-quadratic loss of the closed-loop systems. Simulation studies highlight the trade-off between the communication and control cost.
研究了反馈环在共享通信介质上闭合的多线性随机控制系统。基于阈值的事件触发规则用于将控制命令从控制器传输到执行器,并且使用静态优先级机制仲裁网络访问。在这些条件下,我们研究了死拍控制律,并计算了闭环系统的期望线性二次损失作为单个回路的事件阈值的函数。此外,我们还提出了量化这种事件触发控制系统的通信成本和控制性能之间权衡的解析表达式。利用一种多维穷举搜索方法,我们确定了一组达到闭环系统最小期望线性二次损失的事件阈值。仿真研究强调了通信成本和控制成本之间的权衡。
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引用次数: 5
Rescheduling affected operations - a purely predictive approach 重新安排受影响的操作-一种纯粹的预测方法
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497828
N. Sundström, B. Lennartson
Rescheduling is used to minimize the impact on the system performance when disruptions are present. Affected operations rescheduling (AOR), is often mentioned in the literature on rescheduling. This method generates an initial deterministic job shop schedule offline, which is updated online in response to machine breakdowns. Only operations directly or indirectly affected by a disrupt is rescheduled. In this paper, we formulate a purely offline AOR approach for job shops. Based on a time-optimal schedule, the proposed method generates sequence-based constraints resulting in the same system performance. The realized schedule is identical for both approaches. Also, the proposed approach applies to any disrupt that might cause delays in the system. In right-shift rescheduling (RSR), all remaining operations are postponed if disrupts occur. A formal proof is presented to show that AOR will always perform better than or equal to RSR in the face of disruptions. For analyzing the effect of disrupts, an analytical measure of the makespan is introduced, which depends on possible delays in the system.
重新调度用于在出现中断时最小化对系统性能的影响。影响操作重调度(AOR)是重调度文献中经常提到的问题。该方法离线生成一个初始的确定性作业车间计划,该计划在响应机器故障时在线更新。只有直接或间接受到中断影响的操作才会被重新安排。在本文中,我们为作业车间制定了一个纯离线AOR方法。该方法基于时间最优调度,生成基于序列的约束,使系统性能保持一致。两种方法实现的时间表是相同的。此外,建议的方法适用于可能导致系统延迟的任何中断。在右移重调度(RSR)中,如果发生中断,所有剩余的操作都被推迟。给出了一个形式化的证明,表明在面对中断时,AOR总是优于或等于RSR。为了分析中断的影响,引入了最大完工时间的分析度量,最大完工时间取决于系统中可能出现的延迟。
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引用次数: 1
Structural fault diagnosis in Timed Continuous Petri Nets 时间连续Petri网的结构故障诊断
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497842
J. Fraustro-Valdez, J. Ruiz-León, C. Vázquez, A. Ramírez-Treviño
This work addresses the fault detection and isolation problem in systems modeled by Timed Continuous Petri Nets (TCPN) under the infinite server semantics. The proposed approach assumes that the normal behavior TCPN model is available and partially observed (i.e., only the marking of a subset of places is available). Potential product rejection faults and speed reduction faults are represented by transitions, whose firing characterize the occurrence of the corresponding faults. Based on this model, a novel structural characterization of diagnosable TCPN is presented. This characterization is based on the structural observability of places belonging to directed paths, between measurable places, containing information about the firing of the fault transitions. In order to isolate faults, a diagnoser is also proposed in this work. The diagnoser is based on a set of robust reduced order finite-time observers. The faults are isolated using internal signals in the observers that are different from zero when a specific fault occurs.
本文研究了在无限服务器语义下,用时间连续Petri网(TCPN)建模的系统的故障检测和隔离问题。所建议的方法假设TCPN模型的正常行为是可用的,并且是部分可观察到的(即,只有可用的位置子集的标记)。潜在的弃品故障和减速故障用跃迁表示,跃迁的发射表征了相应故障的发生。基于该模型,提出了一种新的可诊断TCPN的结构表征。这种特征是基于在可测量的地方之间属于有向路径的地方的结构可观测性,包含有关断层转换的发射的信息。为了隔离故障,本文还提出了一种诊断器。该诊断器基于一组鲁棒的降阶有限时间观测器。故障是通过观察器的内部信号来隔离的,当一个特定的故障发生时,这些内部信号不等于零。
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引用次数: 4
Diagnosis and diagnosability analysis of labeled Petri nets using reduction rules 基于约简规则的标记Petri网诊断与可诊断性分析
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497844
P. Li, M. Khlif-Bouassida, A. Toguyéni
This paper addresses the combinatorial explosion problem for diagnosability analysis of discrete event systems (DESs). Some reduction rules are given to simplify a priori the labeled Petri net (LPN) model before analyzing the diagnosability. When the conditions of these reduction rules are satisfied, some regular unobservable transitions and some places, that do not contain necessary information for the diagnosability analysis, are removed. It is proved the diagnosability of the initial LPN is preserved by using these reduction rules. In this paper, the “diagnoser” approach is used to compare the diagnosability analysis of the initial LPN model and that of the reduced LPN model. By using reduction rules, the memory cost for diagnosability analysis is reduced.
研究离散事件系统可诊断性分析中的组合爆炸问题。在分析可诊断性之前,给出了一些简化规则来先验地简化标记Petri网(LPN)模型。当这些约简规则的条件满足时,一些规则的不可观测跃迁和一些不包含可诊断性分析所需信息的地方被删除。证明了利用这些约简规则可以保持初始LPN的可诊断性。本文采用“诊断器”方法比较了初始LPN模型和简化LPN模型的可诊断性分析。通过使用约简规则,降低了可诊断性分析的内存开销。
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引用次数: 5
A method for the synchronisation of networked discrete-event systems 网络离散事件系统的一种同步方法
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497886
M. Zgorzelski, J. Lunze
This paper describes networked discrete-event systems as a set of controlled subsystems, which are physically and digitally connected. The controlled subsystems have two operation modes: In the autonomous mode they achieve local tasks independently of each other, whereas in the synchronisation mode they perform given tasks synchronously by using communication. The paper proposes to model the networked discrete-event system by an Input/Ouput (I/O) automata network and gives a method for partial cooperation between the controlled subsystems. A tracking control architecture, which has been previously published for centralized systems, is extended to cope with the physical interconnections and the digital communications with other controllers. It is proved that the resulting networked tracking controller guarantees autonomous and partially cooperative behaviour. These results are demonstrated by means of an example featuring a flexible manufacturing system.
本文将网络化离散事件系统描述为一组物理上和数字上相互连接的受控子系统。被控子系统有两种工作模式:在自治模式下,它们彼此独立地完成本地任务,而在同步模式下,它们通过通信同步执行给定的任务。本文提出了用输入/输出(I/O)自动机网络对网络离散事件系统进行建模,并给出了一种被控子系统之间局部协作的方法。跟踪控制体系结构,以前已经出版的集中式系统,扩展到处理物理互连和数字通信与其他控制器。证明了所得到的网络跟踪控制器保证了自主和部分合作行为。通过一个柔性制造系统的实例验证了这些结果。
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引用次数: 13
Computing continuous control laws for gene regulatory networks within a discrete-event systems approach 离散事件系统方法中基因调控网络连续控制律的计算
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497823
Fabio L. Baldissera, J. Cury
Controlling the dynamics of intracellular networks has many important applications in Biotechnology and Medicine. In a previous work, we presented a method based on the Supervisory Control Theory to find a control law capable of guiding a given gene regulatory network from an initial state to some predefined target state. The controller was assumed to be implemented by synthetic genes. Our approach was entirely developed in the discrete-event domain. In this paper, we show that our ideas can also be employed to find continuous control laws for gene regulatory networks modeled by ordinary differential equations. Hence, we: a) enlarge the range of application of our initial ideas to encompass continuous models traditionally used by the Systems Biology community; and b) make it possible to refine the dynamic specifications of the synthetic genes that act as controllers.
控制细胞内网络的动态在生物技术和医学中有许多重要的应用。在之前的工作中,我们提出了一种基于监督控制理论的方法来寻找能够指导给定基因调控网络从初始状态到某个预定义目标状态的控制律。假设控制器由合成基因实现。我们的方法完全是在离散事件领域发展起来的。在本文中,我们证明了我们的思想也可以用于寻找由常微分方程建模的基因调控网络的连续控制律。因此,我们:a)扩大我们最初想法的应用范围,以涵盖系统生物学社区传统上使用的连续模型;b)使完善作为控制者的合成基因的动态规格成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Incremental scheduling of discrete event systems 离散事件系统的增量调度
Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/WODES.2016.7497840
S. Ware, R. Su
A common problem in the field of robotics is how to coordinate the motion of multiple robots. As this problem is PSPACE-complete it is generally solved by incomplete algorithms which are computationally tractable but cannot guarantee that a solution will be found even if a solution exists. In this work we use the coordination method of prioritized planning in a (Discrete Event Systems) DES context. We develop and implement an algorithm for using prioritized planning in DES. The algorithm is showned to be an improvement over the standard prioritized planning approach in terms of being capable of finding a valid solution to the multi-robot motion-planning problem in a greater percentage of instances.
如何协调多个机器人的运动是机器人领域的一个常见问题。由于这个问题是pspace完全的,它通常由不完全算法来解决,这些算法在计算上是可处理的,但不能保证即使存在解决方案也会找到解决方案。在这项工作中,我们在(离散事件系统)DES环境中使用优先规划的协调方法。我们开发并实现了一种在DES中使用优先规划的算法。该算法被证明是对标准优先规划方法的改进,能够在更大比例的实例中找到多机器人运动规划问题的有效解决方案。
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引用次数: 10
期刊
2016 13th International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES)
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