Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2018.8611620
D. Li, Xiujuan Wang, J. Trask, Baogang Lin, Dongqing Zhang
Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important annual crop in many parts of the world. Investigation of structural and developmental branching patterns could lead to improvements in rape breeding and cultivation, and furthermore could lead to improved methods to investigate tree branching patterns. We carried out two-year experiments with two rape plant cultivars for each year. The branches and pods of more than 50 rape plants were counted for each cultivar of each year. Additionally, 3D coordinates of plant structural elements were measured and modeled for four representative rape plants near the maturation phase of growth. For each cultivar, we found the mean number of primary lateral branches per plant was significantly different between different years, but within each year there were no significant differences in the distribution of primary branch number between the two cultivars. Results were different for the total number of all primary and secondary lateral branches per plant and the total number of pods on the main stem per plant. Their frequency distributions changed a lot between different years, cultivars and locations, although the mean values were not significantly different. The 3D measurements showed that azimuth angles of pods and branches were uniformly distributed over 360 degrees, and the inclination angles of pods were centered closely about zero degrees (horizontal). There are challenging aspects of plant structural measurement methodology and structural modeling that have yet to be resolved.
{"title":"The variability of plant branching and structural properties: data analysis and modeling investigation of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)","authors":"D. Li, Xiujuan Wang, J. Trask, Baogang Lin, Dongqing Zhang","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2018.8611620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2018.8611620","url":null,"abstract":"Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important annual crop in many parts of the world. Investigation of structural and developmental branching patterns could lead to improvements in rape breeding and cultivation, and furthermore could lead to improved methods to investigate tree branching patterns. We carried out two-year experiments with two rape plant cultivars for each year. The branches and pods of more than 50 rape plants were counted for each cultivar of each year. Additionally, 3D coordinates of plant structural elements were measured and modeled for four representative rape plants near the maturation phase of growth. For each cultivar, we found the mean number of primary lateral branches per plant was significantly different between different years, but within each year there were no significant differences in the distribution of primary branch number between the two cultivars. Results were different for the total number of all primary and secondary lateral branches per plant and the total number of pods on the main stem per plant. Their frequency distributions changed a lot between different years, cultivars and locations, although the mean values were not significantly different. The 3D measurements showed that azimuth angles of pods and branches were uniformly distributed over 360 degrees, and the inclination angles of pods were centered closely about zero degrees (horizontal). There are challenging aspects of plant structural measurement methodology and structural modeling that have yet to be resolved.","PeriodicalId":268842,"journal":{"name":"2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128822621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2018.8611602
Louarn Gaëtan, B. Romain, Combes Didier, E. Abraham
The role of various plant traits involved in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) economy on species balance and total aboveground biomass production in binary mixtures of legumes and non-legumes was evaluated through a modelling approach using the Virtual Grassland model (VGL). A first step allowed us to identify the model parameters most sensible to inter-specific competition trough a sensitivity analysis. A second step consisted in testing the impact of individual traits values (i.e. selected among sensible parameters) on virtual mixture performance. Based on our simulation results, we concluded that maximal overyielding was achieved in cases where trait values were divergent for N acquisition (i.e. allowed complementarity in the use of different N pools) but convergent for light interception (i.e. limiting the asymmetric competition for light). The best combination of traits was not the same in all the pedo-climatic conditions tested and depended on the level of mineral N available into the soil. Random trait combinations could frequently lead to reduced mixture yields (as expected from a neutral situation of competition) and even to under-yielding (i.e. less than the average of monocultures) in some situations.
{"title":"Assessing key traits to promote overyielding in mixtures of legumes and non-legumes: A case study using the Virtual Grassland model","authors":"Louarn Gaëtan, B. Romain, Combes Didier, E. Abraham","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2018.8611602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2018.8611602","url":null,"abstract":"The role of various plant traits involved in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) economy on species balance and total aboveground biomass production in binary mixtures of legumes and non-legumes was evaluated through a modelling approach using the Virtual Grassland model (VGL). A first step allowed us to identify the model parameters most sensible to inter-specific competition trough a sensitivity analysis. A second step consisted in testing the impact of individual traits values (i.e. selected among sensible parameters) on virtual mixture performance. Based on our simulation results, we concluded that maximal overyielding was achieved in cases where trait values were divergent for N acquisition (i.e. allowed complementarity in the use of different N pools) but convergent for light interception (i.e. limiting the asymmetric competition for light). The best combination of traits was not the same in all the pedo-climatic conditions tested and depended on the level of mineral N available into the soil. Random trait combinations could frequently lead to reduced mixture yields (as expected from a neutral situation of competition) and even to under-yielding (i.e. less than the average of monocultures) in some situations.","PeriodicalId":268842,"journal":{"name":"2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131041461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2018.8611616
Binglin Xhu, Fusang Liu, Yingpu Che, Fang Hui, Yuntao Ma
High-throughput phenotyping of plant three-dimensional (3D) architecture is critical for determining plant phenotypic characteristics. The acquisition of 3D architecture of plant phenotypic traits based on multi-view photographing has been widely applied in greenhouse research. Growth process of the plants can be dynamically monitored. However, the application of this method in the field is more difficult and less due to the complex environment. In this study, maize/soybean intercropping plant populations in the field were selected as the research objects. We combined ground and aerial photography to obtain the image sequences. at the stage of seedling, jointing, tasseling and grain filling. The targeted plants were photographed with fixed point from multi-view hemispherical directions on ground photography before tasseling stage. Then, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle was used to take photos in the way of concentric circles with different radius. We preprocessed the image sequences by Support Vector Machine (SVM) method, and pixel information only containing targeted plants were achieved. We evaluated the accuracy of calculated individual height, blade length and maximum width with the measured data. Image sensitivity analysis was also done at 25 and 79 days after emergence by reducing the image numbers. Canopy coverage and plant height were compared between different scenarios. The results showed that there was a good agreement between measured and calculated plant height, blade length and blade maximum width with R2>0.90. Then the dynamic changes of plant height, crown surface and organ growth were extracted based on reconstructed 3D architecture. Sensitivity analysis showed that at the early growth stage, 50 images are enough for 3D reconstruction of the plant. However, all 300 images need to be included at the late growth stage of plants. The results can provide a basis for high-throughput phenotypic analysis related to genotypes and help to evaluate the plant architecture and canopy radiation interception.
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Quantification of Intercropping Crops in Field by ground and aerial photography","authors":"Binglin Xhu, Fusang Liu, Yingpu Che, Fang Hui, Yuntao Ma","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2018.8611616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2018.8611616","url":null,"abstract":"High-throughput phenotyping of plant three-dimensional (3D) architecture is critical for determining plant phenotypic characteristics. The acquisition of 3D architecture of plant phenotypic traits based on multi-view photographing has been widely applied in greenhouse research. Growth process of the plants can be dynamically monitored. However, the application of this method in the field is more difficult and less due to the complex environment. In this study, maize/soybean intercropping plant populations in the field were selected as the research objects. We combined ground and aerial photography to obtain the image sequences. at the stage of seedling, jointing, tasseling and grain filling. The targeted plants were photographed with fixed point from multi-view hemispherical directions on ground photography before tasseling stage. Then, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle was used to take photos in the way of concentric circles with different radius. We preprocessed the image sequences by Support Vector Machine (SVM) method, and pixel information only containing targeted plants were achieved. We evaluated the accuracy of calculated individual height, blade length and maximum width with the measured data. Image sensitivity analysis was also done at 25 and 79 days after emergence by reducing the image numbers. Canopy coverage and plant height were compared between different scenarios. The results showed that there was a good agreement between measured and calculated plant height, blade length and blade maximum width with R2>0.90. Then the dynamic changes of plant height, crown surface and organ growth were extracted based on reconstructed 3D architecture. Sensitivity analysis showed that at the early growth stage, 50 images are enough for 3D reconstruction of the plant. However, all 300 images need to be included at the late growth stage of plants. The results can provide a basis for high-throughput phenotypic analysis related to genotypes and help to evaluate the plant architecture and canopy radiation interception.","PeriodicalId":268842,"journal":{"name":"2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130697350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2018.8611615
S. Laboisse, D. Combes, A. Escobar-Gutiérrez, J. Hurlus
We proposed a method to compute photosynthesis in response to environmental factors, applying in stadia environment. We managed to visualize heterogeneity of photosynthesis level for turfgrasses used in football pitch. We can not only bring out spatial variation of photosynthesis according to the position on the pitch, but also follow the temporal evolution throughout the year. The gross photosynthesis is evaluated with a model taking into account air temperature, daylength, intercepted irradiance and leaf area index. With a resolution of 7140 surface units, we can obtain daily gross photosynthesis on the whole pitch. This cartography highlights parts of pitch with a deficit of photosynthesis for the plant, and pitch managers could take more attention to these areas.
{"title":"Spatial distribution of simulated turfgrass photosynthesis in football stadium pitch","authors":"S. Laboisse, D. Combes, A. Escobar-Gutiérrez, J. Hurlus","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2018.8611615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2018.8611615","url":null,"abstract":"We proposed a method to compute photosynthesis in response to environmental factors, applying in stadia environment. We managed to visualize heterogeneity of photosynthesis level for turfgrasses used in football pitch. We can not only bring out spatial variation of photosynthesis according to the position on the pitch, but also follow the temporal evolution throughout the year. The gross photosynthesis is evaluated with a model taking into account air temperature, daylength, intercepted irradiance and leaf area index. With a resolution of 7140 surface units, we can obtain daily gross photosynthesis on the whole pitch. This cartography highlights parts of pitch with a deficit of photosynthesis for the plant, and pitch managers could take more attention to these areas.","PeriodicalId":268842,"journal":{"name":"2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130400925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/PMA.2018.8611586
I. Auzmendi, J. Hanan
Visual representations of plant architectural data are useful for different reasons, e.g. data verification, preliminary analysis, or demonstrating and communicating research. Architectural data are the result of measurements in the field or simulations with plant growth models, which are often recorded in multiscale tree graphs (MTG). L-studio is a modelling platform that includes a simulation program called lpfg based on L-systems. Lpfg has been employed to create tree-like structures, and simulate the dynamical growth and development of plants, i.e. their changes in time. This program incorporates several features that would make it a very useful tool for visualizing plant architectures measured in the field. Our aims are to show some examples of the use of L-systems as a visualization tool for field data; and modify architectural data to create architectures resulting from applying different management practices, e.g. mechanical pruning and tree shape. We employed a field measured architecture recorded in an MTG as an example of our approach to visualize and modify plant architectures. These ideas can be employed for field data verification, preliminary analysis, demonstrative purposes, and to start subsequent simulations of plant growth with architectures modified to represent different management practices.
{"title":"Using L-studio to Visualize Data and Modify Plant Architecture for Agronomic Purposes: Visualization and modification of plant architecture with L-studio","authors":"I. Auzmendi, J. Hanan","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2018.8611586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2018.8611586","url":null,"abstract":"Visual representations of plant architectural data are useful for different reasons, e.g. data verification, preliminary analysis, or demonstrating and communicating research. Architectural data are the result of measurements in the field or simulations with plant growth models, which are often recorded in multiscale tree graphs (MTG). L-studio is a modelling platform that includes a simulation program called lpfg based on L-systems. Lpfg has been employed to create tree-like structures, and simulate the dynamical growth and development of plants, i.e. their changes in time. This program incorporates several features that would make it a very useful tool for visualizing plant architectures measured in the field. Our aims are to show some examples of the use of L-systems as a visualization tool for field data; and modify architectural data to create architectures resulting from applying different management practices, e.g. mechanical pruning and tree shape. We employed a field measured architecture recorded in an MTG as an example of our approach to visualize and modify plant architectures. These ideas can be employed for field data verification, preliminary analysis, demonstrative purposes, and to start subsequent simulations of plant growth with architectures modified to represent different management practices.","PeriodicalId":268842,"journal":{"name":"2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121369052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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