Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160315
A. Abran, Hong Nguyenkim
Empirical data from a two-year measurement effort in the software maintenance environment of a Canadian organization are presented. The findings reported are based on a daily data-collection process including 2152 work requests which required 11365 days to complete. This set of empirical data confirms some of the findings of the opinion surveys in terms of the stability of the overall workload distribution in the maintenance area, while the analysis of any subset of data indicates that this overall average hides significant differences. The authors include a discussion on the improved measurement program implemented, and illustrate how insights into the maintenance process are gained through various measurements.<>
{"title":"Analysis of maintenance work categories through measurement","authors":"A. Abran, Hong Nguyenkim","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160315","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical data from a two-year measurement effort in the software maintenance environment of a Canadian organization are presented. The findings reported are based on a daily data-collection process including 2152 work requests which required 11365 days to complete. This set of empirical data confirms some of the findings of the opinion surveys in terms of the stability of the overall workload distribution in the maintenance area, while the analysis of any subset of data indicates that this overall average hides significant differences. The authors include a discussion on the improved measurement program implemented, and illustrate how insights into the maintenance process are gained through various measurements.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130319586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160314
J. Foster
Some widely held views about software maintenance expenditures are examined and it is argued that in the light of recent evidence the views must be modified. The implications for those wishing to monitor improvements in their maintenance process are discussed, and it is concluded that measurement of average program lifetime is likely to be a better indicator of maintenance improvements than overall maintenance costs. The author also contrasts data processing and embedded systems and suggests that the latter are likely to obey different rules. Embedded systems are therefore excluded from the conclusions drawn.<>
{"title":"Program lifetime: a vital statistic for maintenance","authors":"J. Foster","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160314","url":null,"abstract":"Some widely held views about software maintenance expenditures are examined and it is argued that in the light of recent evidence the views must be modified. The implications for those wishing to monitor improvements in their maintenance process are discussed, and it is concluded that measurement of average program lifetime is likely to be a better indicator of maintenance improvements than overall maintenance costs. The author also contrasts data processing and embedded systems and suggests that the latter are likely to obey different rules. Embedded systems are therefore excluded from the conclusions drawn.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130934636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160335
R. Robson, K. Seminar
A data structure editor that depicts the internal data structures of a program graphically is presented. The editor offers new capabilities for the graphical construction and editing of data structures. Once data structures have been built graphically, they can be used for testing programs or fragments of programs. The data editor is integrated into a programming environment where it may be used as a debugging aid for the programmer, and it is closely tied to the run-time system of the environment, allowing it to control the duration of execution in a way similar to setting breakpoints. The history of all variables is kept, so the user can retrace the steps by which a variable reached its current state.<>
{"title":"Visual editing of data structures","authors":"R. Robson, K. Seminar","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160335","url":null,"abstract":"A data structure editor that depicts the internal data structures of a program graphically is presented. The editor offers new capabilities for the graphical construction and editing of data structures. Once data structures have been built graphically, they can be used for testing programs or fragments of programs. The data editor is integrated into a programming environment where it may be used as a debugging aid for the programmer, and it is closely tied to the run-time system of the environment, allowing it to control the duration of execution in a way similar to setting breakpoints. The history of all variables is kept, so the user can retrace the steps by which a variable reached its current state.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125693536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160341
P. Salveneschi
The author presents his experiences related to the problem of supporting the evolution of software in the field of engineering and scientific applications. A class of tools, the integrators, is presented and the practical experience of their use, in enhancement and reengineering of existing systems, is described. The functions and the structure of two integration tools, GAIA and MI1, are presented. The basic concept of these tools is that integration is made through a model of the underlying software, implemented using an object-oriented technology. Experiences related to the use of these tools are described.<>
{"title":"The use of integration tools in software maintenance","authors":"P. Salveneschi","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160341","url":null,"abstract":"The author presents his experiences related to the problem of supporting the evolution of software in the field of engineering and scientific applications. A class of tools, the integrators, is presented and the practical experience of their use, in enhancement and reengineering of existing systems, is described. The functions and the structure of two integration tools, GAIA and MI1, are presented. The basic concept of these tools is that integration is made through a model of the underlying software, implemented using an object-oriented technology. Experiences related to the use of these tools are described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123722917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160337
N. Schneidewind
Metrics that are collected and validated during development can be used during maintenance to control quality and prioritize maintenance work. Validity criteria are defined mathematically. The approach is based on validating selected metrics against related quality factors during development and using the validated metrics during maintenance to: establish initial quality objectives and quality control criteria and prioritize software components (e.g., module) and allocate resources to maintain them. The author illustrates both a case of passing a validation test (discriminative power) and failing a validation test (tracking).<>
{"title":"Setting maintenance quality objectives and prioritizing maintenance work by using quality metrics","authors":"N. Schneidewind","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160337","url":null,"abstract":"Metrics that are collected and validated during development can be used during maintenance to control quality and prioritize maintenance work. Validity criteria are defined mathematically. The approach is based on validating selected metrics against related quality factors during development and using the validated metrics during maintenance to: establish initial quality objectives and quality control criteria and prioritize software components (e.g., module) and allocate resources to maintain them. The author illustrates both a case of passing a validation test (discriminative power) and failing a validation test (tracking).<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123724829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160309
A. Engberts, W. Kozaczynski, J. Ning
An approach is described that applies a transformation paradigm to automate software maintenance activities. The approach to code-to-code (horizontal) transformation is based on a high-level understanding of the programming and application domain concepts represented by the code. A very unique characteristic of this approach is its use of concept recognition, the understanding and abstraction of high-level programming and application domain entities in programs, as the basis for transformations. A program transformation tool has been developed to support the migration of a large manufacturing control system written in COBOL.<>
{"title":"Concept recognition-based program transformation","authors":"A. Engberts, W. Kozaczynski, J. Ning","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160309","url":null,"abstract":"An approach is described that applies a transformation paradigm to automate software maintenance activities. The approach to code-to-code (horizontal) transformation is based on a high-level understanding of the programming and application domain concepts represented by the code. A very unique characteristic of this approach is its use of concept recognition, the understanding and abstraction of high-level programming and application domain entities in programs, as the basis for transformations. A program transformation tool has been developed to support the migration of a large manufacturing control system written in COBOL.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131082777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160305
C. Wild, K. Maly, Jinghuan Dong, Guorong Hu
A process model for software maintenance using the decision-based software development (DBSD) paradigm is described. The DBSD paradigm models the process of software development and maintenance as a continuous problem-solving activity where the decision is the focal point. An important aspect of this process is the preparation for perfective and corrective maintenance by identifying conditional decisions whose validation depends on experience with the production system. Validation requires the instrumentation of the production system to collect data which will support or refute the decision. The authors discuss the instrumenting of a prototype DBSD support environment to collect data to validate the proposed process model. Also given are the results of some preliminary data.<>
{"title":"A process model for decision based software development","authors":"C. Wild, K. Maly, Jinghuan Dong, Guorong Hu","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160305","url":null,"abstract":"A process model for software maintenance using the decision-based software development (DBSD) paradigm is described. The DBSD paradigm models the process of software development and maintenance as a continuous problem-solving activity where the decision is the focal point. An important aspect of this process is the preparation for perfective and corrective maintenance by identifying conditional decisions whose validation depends on experience with the production system. Validation requires the instrumentation of the production system to collect data which will support or refute the decision. The authors discuss the instrumenting of a prototype DBSD support environment to collect data to validate the proposed process model. Also given are the results of some preliminary data.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115835620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160316
D. Natale
Experience with applying metrics in a large-scale software maintenance environment is described. Metrics about complexity and unstructured versions of programs are currently monitored, to verify the reduction of maintenance time and the improvement of software reliability, as investigated in other environments and in the experimental field. During the metrics control plan the amount of structured code programs went up; the time spent on maintenance of structured programs was lower; and the time of availability of programs (time between interventions) was higher, with respect to unstructured ones.<>
{"title":"On the impact of metric's application in a large scale software maintenance environment","authors":"D. Natale","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160316","url":null,"abstract":"Experience with applying metrics in a large-scale software maintenance environment is described. Metrics about complexity and unstructured versions of programs are currently monitored, to verify the reduction of maintenance time and the improvement of software reliability, as investigated in other environments and in the experimental field. During the metrics control plan the amount of structured code programs went up; the time spent on maintenance of structured programs was lower; and the time of availability of programs (time between interventions) was higher, with respect to unstructured ones.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121081220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160333
S. Abd-El-Hafiz, V. Basili, G. Caldiera
The problems related to the analysis and reengineering of existing software in order to reuse it are discussed. The authors introduce a process model for component extraction and focus on the problem of analyzing and qualifying software components which are candidates for reuse. A prototype tool for supporting the extraction of reusable components is presented. One of the components of this tool aids in understanding programs and is based on the functional model of correctness. It can assist software engineers in the process of finding correct formal specifications for programs. A detailed description of this component and an example to demonstrate a possible operational scenario are given.<>
{"title":"Towards automated support for extraction of reusable components","authors":"S. Abd-El-Hafiz, V. Basili, G. Caldiera","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160333","url":null,"abstract":"The problems related to the analysis and reengineering of existing software in order to reuse it are discussed. The authors introduce a process model for component extraction and focus on the problem of analyzing and qualifying software components which are candidates for reuse. A prototype tool for supporting the extraction of reusable components is presented. One of the components of this tool aids in understanding programs and is based on the functional model of correctness. It can assist software engineers in the process of finding correct formal specifications for programs. A detailed description of this component and an example to demonstrate a possible operational scenario are given.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129900633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-15DOI: 10.1109/ICSM.1991.160301
H. Yang
The Maintainer's Assistant is an interactive tool which helps the user to extract a specification from an existing source code program. It is based on a program transformation system in which a program is converted to a semantically equivalent form using proven transformations selected from a catalog. The author describes environmental support provided in the Maintainer's Assistant. The technical methods used in the tool are summarized and the requirements of the environment are stated. The current implementation is then described and results achieved are discussed. Both the expected and planned developments are summarized.<>
{"title":"The supporting environment for a reverse engineering system-the Maintainer's Assistant","authors":"H. Yang","doi":"10.1109/ICSM.1991.160301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.1991.160301","url":null,"abstract":"The Maintainer's Assistant is an interactive tool which helps the user to extract a specification from an existing source code program. It is based on a program transformation system in which a program is converted to a semantically equivalent form using proven transformations selected from a catalog. The author describes environmental support provided in the Maintainer's Assistant. The technical methods used in the tool are summarized and the requirements of the environment are stated. The current implementation is then described and results achieved are discussed. Both the expected and planned developments are summarized.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":269572,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Conference on Software Maintenance 1991","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114466473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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