Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495994
P. J. Gripeos, H. Nistazakis, G. K. Varotsos, W. Gappmair, A. Tsigopoulos
FSO communications has become more and more popular in the last decade due to its unprecedented benefits, which allows both low cost and high data rates. Nevertheless, the performance of such communication systems is unavoidably delimited due to many factors, primarily including the influence of scintillation and time jitter. The former effect is induced by atmospheric turbulence, which in turn depends on the current weather conditions of the atmospheric channel, causing rapid fluctuations in the received signal strength. At the receiver, the latter effect is due to the misdetection of optical pulses, causing further damage to the received signals, especially the high-rate ones, because of their short pulse time slot. However, both effects can be modeled by appropriate, already proposed, statistical distributions. Here, the turbulence effect is treated by the Málaga distribution, while the newly proposed generalized Gaussian distribution is employed for the time jitter influence. Also, the remarkable receiver’s diversity technique appears to be a promising solution to improve the performance of the FSO communications. In this work, new accurate mathematical expressions are derived for the estimation of the average BER of PPM or PAM FSO links with optimal combining diversity schemes at the receivers’ side. Additionally, the corresponding numerical results are presented for realistic system cases.
{"title":"3Time Jitter Influence on the Performance of PPM or PAM SIMO FSO Links over M-Turbulence Channels","authors":"P. J. Gripeos, H. Nistazakis, G. K. Varotsos, W. Gappmair, A. Tsigopoulos","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495994","url":null,"abstract":"FSO communications has become more and more popular in the last decade due to its unprecedented benefits, which allows both low cost and high data rates. Nevertheless, the performance of such communication systems is unavoidably delimited due to many factors, primarily including the influence of scintillation and time jitter. The former effect is induced by atmospheric turbulence, which in turn depends on the current weather conditions of the atmospheric channel, causing rapid fluctuations in the received signal strength. At the receiver, the latter effect is due to the misdetection of optical pulses, causing further damage to the received signals, especially the high-rate ones, because of their short pulse time slot. However, both effects can be modeled by appropriate, already proposed, statistical distributions. Here, the turbulence effect is treated by the Málaga distribution, while the newly proposed generalized Gaussian distribution is employed for the time jitter influence. Also, the remarkable receiver’s diversity technique appears to be a promising solution to improve the performance of the FSO communications. In this work, new accurate mathematical expressions are derived for the estimation of the average BER of PPM or PAM FSO links with optimal combining diversity schemes at the receivers’ side. Additionally, the corresponding numerical results are presented for realistic system cases.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125950240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495991
N. A. Androutsos, H. Nistazakis, G. K. Varotsos, E. Roditi, E. Leitgeb
The last few years Free Space Optical (FSO) communication has attracted significant research and commercial interest because of the many advantages in comparison with other wireless methods used for point-to- point connections. The operation of these systems strongly depends on the atmospheric and others effects in the area between the transmitter and the receiver. Among them, atmospheric turbulence and misalignment are two of the most significant performance mitigation factors. There have been proposed several methods and techniques in the literature in order to set against the induced fading of these phenomena. It is widely accepted that one of the most effective one is the employment of receivers’ diversity. Motivated by this and by taking into account that the ultra-fast modern optical communication systems are using blocks of bits for the transmission and codes for the detection and/or correction of the erroneous bits, in this work, we investigate the combined impact of pointing errors and strong turbulence in the total average block error rate (ABLER) of FSO systems with receivers’ diversity. Novel analytical expressions are derived using accurate approximations while the corresponding numerical results for realistic Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) FSO links are presented.
{"title":"Influence of Pointing Errors at the Block Error Rate Performance of Strong Turbulent SIMO FSO Links","authors":"N. A. Androutsos, H. Nistazakis, G. K. Varotsos, E. Roditi, E. Leitgeb","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495991","url":null,"abstract":"The last few years Free Space Optical (FSO) communication has attracted significant research and commercial interest because of the many advantages in comparison with other wireless methods used for point-to- point connections. The operation of these systems strongly depends on the atmospheric and others effects in the area between the transmitter and the receiver. Among them, atmospheric turbulence and misalignment are two of the most significant performance mitigation factors. There have been proposed several methods and techniques in the literature in order to set against the induced fading of these phenomena. It is widely accepted that one of the most effective one is the employment of receivers’ diversity. Motivated by this and by taking into account that the ultra-fast modern optical communication systems are using blocks of bits for the transmission and codes for the detection and/or correction of the erroneous bits, in this work, we investigate the combined impact of pointing errors and strong turbulence in the total average block error rate (ABLER) of FSO systems with receivers’ diversity. Novel analytical expressions are derived using accurate approximations while the corresponding numerical results for realistic Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) FSO links are presented.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122914612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495975
Ana Keselj, Iva Topolovac, Magdalena Kačić-Barišić, Mara Burum, Z. Car
Augmented reality is currently a very interesting technology due to the possibility of wide use on various affordable devices and at the same time high engagement and motivation potential for the user. These features are especially important in the educational field. As the number of developed prototypes in this area is rapidly increasing, only a limited part of them considers the implementation of accessibility, although accessibility is strongly required especially in educational solutions. The paper presents accessible mobile application for learning about geometry, specifically about geometry bodies, and this topic is often a challenge for children with learning difficulties. In addition to the accessibility option implemented, the actual design of the best-known universal design principles within the application is described, as accessibility relies heavily on them. The results of the application evaluation are presented, leading to the conclusion that this and future AR software solutions have great potential to be included in the curriculum as a tool for inclusive education, but only if the concept of accessibility is properly understood applied.
{"title":"Design and Evaluation of an Accessible Mobile AR Application for Learning About Geometry","authors":"Ana Keselj, Iva Topolovac, Magdalena Kačić-Barišić, Mara Burum, Z. Car","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495975","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented reality is currently a very interesting technology due to the possibility of wide use on various affordable devices and at the same time high engagement and motivation potential for the user. These features are especially important in the educational field. As the number of developed prototypes in this area is rapidly increasing, only a limited part of them considers the implementation of accessibility, although accessibility is strongly required especially in educational solutions. The paper presents accessible mobile application for learning about geometry, specifically about geometry bodies, and this topic is often a challenge for children with learning difficulties. In addition to the accessibility option implemented, the actual design of the best-known universal design principles within the application is described, as accessibility relies heavily on them. The results of the application evaluation are presented, leading to the conclusion that this and future AR software solutions have great potential to be included in the curriculum as a tool for inclusive education, but only if the concept of accessibility is properly understood applied.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131608426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495963
Marsela Polic, Antun Ivanovic, Bruno Maric, Barbara Arbanas, Jelena Tabak, M. Orsag
A robotic system for indoor organic farming is presented in this paper. The system consists of heterogeneous robot agents with specific abilities, able to execute certain tasks only when working together, namely, an unmanned aerial robot (UAV), unmanned ground robots (UGV), and a compliant multi degree of freedom dual arm manipulator. The compliant manipulator, responsible for the delicate task of plant treatment, is developed within the Soft robotics paradigm. Using the Soft robotics principles, a dexterous human like motion can be achieved through the simultaneous deployment of Soft robot body parts, compliant control, and tactile sensing capabilities of the manipulator. Testing the robots on the described challenging application represents an interesting research opportunity in the rapidly expanding research field of Soft robotics. Coupled with high level mission planning and safe human robot collaboration, this framework has the capacity to change and automate traditional farming techniques.
{"title":"Structured Ecological Cultivation with Autonomous Robots in Indoor Agriculture","authors":"Marsela Polic, Antun Ivanovic, Bruno Maric, Barbara Arbanas, Jelena Tabak, M. Orsag","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495963","url":null,"abstract":"A robotic system for indoor organic farming is presented in this paper. The system consists of heterogeneous robot agents with specific abilities, able to execute certain tasks only when working together, namely, an unmanned aerial robot (UAV), unmanned ground robots (UGV), and a compliant multi degree of freedom dual arm manipulator. The compliant manipulator, responsible for the delicate task of plant treatment, is developed within the Soft robotics paradigm. Using the Soft robotics principles, a dexterous human like motion can be achieved through the simultaneous deployment of Soft robot body parts, compliant control, and tactile sensing capabilities of the manipulator. Testing the robots on the described challenging application represents an interesting research opportunity in the rapidly expanding research field of Soft robotics. Coupled with high level mission planning and safe human robot collaboration, this framework has the capacity to change and automate traditional farming techniques.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133133904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495970
Marsida Ibro, G. Marinova
This paper aims to give an overview and discuss power consumption techniques for FPGA-based designs, which will provide the necessary information about the low-power techniques and will give a new approach to the design optimisations that help to guide researchers in this field. The new emerging technologies such as IoT is evolving rapidly and one of the main concerns is power consumption. Nowadays, mobile devices are smart and perform difficult tasks including computations and control, which are being designed using FPGA, IP (hard and soft cores) and SoC. The necessity for developing low-power techniques will help mobile devices to process data during communication. It is obvious that FPGAs have many advantages compared to other digital integrated circuits but has one major disadvantage because they consume much power due to their complex architecture. Most of the low-power techniques for FPGAs focus on system-level and device-level (architecture) designs. In the end, conclusions will be given based on the analysis of low-power techniques.
{"title":"Review on Low-Power Consumption Techniques for FPGA-based designs in IoT technology","authors":"Marsida Ibro, G. Marinova","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495970","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to give an overview and discuss power consumption techniques for FPGA-based designs, which will provide the necessary information about the low-power techniques and will give a new approach to the design optimisations that help to guide researchers in this field. The new emerging technologies such as IoT is evolving rapidly and one of the main concerns is power consumption. Nowadays, mobile devices are smart and perform difficult tasks including computations and control, which are being designed using FPGA, IP (hard and soft cores) and SoC. The necessity for developing low-power techniques will help mobile devices to process data during communication. It is obvious that FPGAs have many advantages compared to other digital integrated circuits but has one major disadvantage because they consume much power due to their complex architecture. Most of the low-power techniques for FPGAs focus on system-level and device-level (architecture) designs. In the end, conclusions will be given based on the analysis of low-power techniques.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114248823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495983
A. Weiss, Kushal Madane, F. Wenzl, E. Leitgeb
Systems based on visible light sensing can relief some of the anticipated challenges arising from the predicted massive increase in connected Internet of Thing devices. For example, identification and speed determination of mobile objects can be achieved without the necessity to place actively powered devices or sensors on the object itself. Instead, the surfaces of the objects are simply equipped (coded) with sequences of differently colored foils, which affect the respective spectral compositions of reflected light. In this work, we present an innovative approach for classifying differently colored retroreflective foils in varying size configurations on a moving object by utilizing the supervised machine learning algorithm of random forest. For the respective experimental setup, consisting of a single light source (as a transmitter) and a single RGB sensitive photodiode (as a receiver for the reflected light from the coded mobile object), we can show that not only the task of identification, but also the task of determining the speed of the object can be achieved with 98.8 % accuracy. By utilizing a minimal feature set to create the random forest, the proposed approach requires only minimal computational effort for model generation and classification. The therewith-achieved results are directly compared to an algorithm based on the more complex and resource demanding method of Euclidian distances. The satisfying congruence discloses the applicability of the random forest model for such tasks, especially in scenarios with highly limited memory resources and limited available computational performance.
{"title":"Random forest based classification of retroreflective foils for visible light sensing of an indoor moving object","authors":"A. Weiss, Kushal Madane, F. Wenzl, E. Leitgeb","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495983","url":null,"abstract":"Systems based on visible light sensing can relief some of the anticipated challenges arising from the predicted massive increase in connected Internet of Thing devices. For example, identification and speed determination of mobile objects can be achieved without the necessity to place actively powered devices or sensors on the object itself. Instead, the surfaces of the objects are simply equipped (coded) with sequences of differently colored foils, which affect the respective spectral compositions of reflected light. In this work, we present an innovative approach for classifying differently colored retroreflective foils in varying size configurations on a moving object by utilizing the supervised machine learning algorithm of random forest. For the respective experimental setup, consisting of a single light source (as a transmitter) and a single RGB sensitive photodiode (as a receiver for the reflected light from the coded mobile object), we can show that not only the task of identification, but also the task of determining the speed of the object can be achieved with 98.8 % accuracy. By utilizing a minimal feature set to create the random forest, the proposed approach requires only minimal computational effort for model generation and classification. The therewith-achieved results are directly compared to an algorithm based on the more complex and resource demanding method of Euclidian distances. The satisfying congruence discloses the applicability of the random forest model for such tasks, especially in scenarios with highly limited memory resources and limited available computational performance.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122296314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495980
M. Plóciennik, Raúl Palma, Szymon Mueller, Szymon Kupiński, Michal Blaszczak, Soumya Brahma, A. Radziuk, Adam Swiatkowski
Agriculture as a whole consists of many sectors reliant on each other for proper functioning. The need for cross sector cooperation is especially important between apiary owners and farmers. Indeed, it provides benefits for both: increasing and diversifying access to appropriate flowering plants on one hand and providing means of increasing pollination of plants and in turn yield from fields on the other. On the contrary, lack of information may result in poisoning beehive families operating near regions where specific plant protection products have been used. However, even although IT and IoT solutions are increasingly prevalent in agri-food sectors, there is still a significant barrier in connecting various systems, exchanging data and helping users in facilitating modern solutions. In this paper we present a viable solution to this problem by leveraging DEMETER platform and show it’s usage to enable interoperability between commercial IoT beekeeper solution and emerging national farm management (eDWIN) and advisory tools.
{"title":"Leveraging Agri-food IoT Solutions to Connect Apiary Owners and Farmers","authors":"M. Plóciennik, Raúl Palma, Szymon Mueller, Szymon Kupiński, Michal Blaszczak, Soumya Brahma, A. Radziuk, Adam Swiatkowski","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495980","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture as a whole consists of many sectors reliant on each other for proper functioning. The need for cross sector cooperation is especially important between apiary owners and farmers. Indeed, it provides benefits for both: increasing and diversifying access to appropriate flowering plants on one hand and providing means of increasing pollination of plants and in turn yield from fields on the other. On the contrary, lack of information may result in poisoning beehive families operating near regions where specific plant protection products have been used. However, even although IT and IoT solutions are increasingly prevalent in agri-food sectors, there is still a significant barrier in connecting various systems, exchanging data and helping users in facilitating modern solutions. In this paper we present a viable solution to this problem by leveraging DEMETER platform and show it’s usage to enable interoperability between commercial IoT beekeeper solution and emerging national farm management (eDWIN) and advisory tools.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126115760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495966
Edi Stambuk, S. Groš, Marin Vukovic
Web pages and portals have become the main source of information, entertainment and business for most of us. However, even from the early days of the Internet it was also a place where malicious individuals could use the benefits of its ubiquity in order to perform malicious acts. Typically, malicious individuals used vulnerabilities in existing web pages and portals in order to inject and host malicious code, steal personal information from users and similar. The purpose of this paper is to analyse Croatian cyber space in order to estimate the support for security features on the web. A web crawler is proposed, with the goal to analyze various security features on the web servers and used frameworks. Results from crawling over 20.000 Croatian websites are discussed in order to get a glimpse of state of web security in Croatia.
{"title":"Analyzing Web Security Features using Crawlers: Study of Croatian Web","authors":"Edi Stambuk, S. Groš, Marin Vukovic","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495966","url":null,"abstract":"Web pages and portals have become the main source of information, entertainment and business for most of us. However, even from the early days of the Internet it was also a place where malicious individuals could use the benefits of its ubiquity in order to perform malicious acts. Typically, malicious individuals used vulnerabilities in existing web pages and portals in order to inject and host malicious code, steal personal information from users and similar. The purpose of this paper is to analyse Croatian cyber space in order to estimate the support for security features on the web. A web crawler is proposed, with the goal to analyze various security features on the web servers and used frameworks. Results from crawling over 20.000 Croatian websites are discussed in order to get a glimpse of state of web security in Croatia.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128223242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495989
Markus Haberler, I. Siegl, Christian Zajc, Carolin Kollegger, C. Steffan, T. Maier, Loric Petruzzi, G. Mutinati, R. Hainberger, G. Holweg, M. Auer
A self-contained RFID electrochemical measurement platform consisting of a single System-on-Chip (SoC) with interface capabilities to electrochemical sensors and energy storage elements is presented. A 13.56 MHz RFID interface enables two-way wireless communication and wireless power transfer. An on-chip circuit allows the SoC to harvest energy from the RF field into external energy storage elements. This functionality makes the proposed SoC the first implementation among similar systems to enable self-contained operation without the need for pre-charged energy storage elements. A sensor interface consisting of a DAC, a multi-working-electrode potentiostat and an ADC enables bidirectional current sensing. During the electrochemical analysis, the SoC consumes less than 83 µA from a 2.9-V supply. Experimental investigations on a prototype of the self-contained measurement platform suggest that the achieved accuracy is comparable to that of professional laboratory equipment, thus paving the way for the use of the platform in Point-of-Care (PoC) diagnostics.
{"title":"A Self-Contained, Single-Chip Amperometric Measurement Platform for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Markus Haberler, I. Siegl, Christian Zajc, Carolin Kollegger, C. Steffan, T. Maier, Loric Petruzzi, G. Mutinati, R. Hainberger, G. Holweg, M. Auer","doi":"10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ConTEL52528.2021.9495989","url":null,"abstract":"A self-contained RFID electrochemical measurement platform consisting of a single System-on-Chip (SoC) with interface capabilities to electrochemical sensors and energy storage elements is presented. A 13.56 MHz RFID interface enables two-way wireless communication and wireless power transfer. An on-chip circuit allows the SoC to harvest energy from the RF field into external energy storage elements. This functionality makes the proposed SoC the first implementation among similar systems to enable self-contained operation without the need for pre-charged energy storage elements. A sensor interface consisting of a DAC, a multi-working-electrode potentiostat and an ADC enables bidirectional current sensing. During the electrochemical analysis, the SoC consumes less than 83 µA from a 2.9-V supply. Experimental investigations on a prototype of the self-contained measurement platform suggest that the achieved accuracy is comparable to that of professional laboratory equipment, thus paving the way for the use of the platform in Point-of-Care (PoC) diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":269755,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123587632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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