Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0004
L. Freedman, D. Stulberg
Religious hospitals represent a large and growing share of the United States healthcare system. As these networks expand their reach, patients may face additional threats to their ability to receive care based on their own values. Physicians practicing in religious institutions—especially in Catholic hospitals—have experienced moral distress when prevented from providing medical care in accordance with the patient’s best interest, and many are surprised by the scope of restrictions under Catholic directives. Patients need accurate information about the care they can expect to receive in religious institutions. However, many lack awareness and knowledge of how to identify religious institutions and services available. This chapter addresses the history, clinical conflicts, bioethical concerns, and empiric literature about reproductive care in US religious healthcare institutions, focusing on Catholic health systems.
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Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0006
D. Strauss
This chapter provides the legal background for the issues discussed in subsequent chapters. The author discusses how US constitutional law treats the right to abortion and contraception. He describes the history of the law regulating abortion, the current state of the law, and what the most controversial issues have been. He describes some roads not taken and speculates about future developments. Finally, the author addresses the practical effects of these legal developments on the availability of abortion.
{"title":"Contraception and Abortion in the United States","authors":"D. Strauss","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides the legal background for the issues discussed in subsequent chapters. The author discusses how US constitutional law treats the right to abortion and contraception. He describes the history of the law regulating abortion, the current state of the law, and what the most controversial issues have been. He describes some roads not taken and speculates about future developments. Finally, the author addresses the practical effects of these legal developments on the availability of abortion.","PeriodicalId":269787,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Ethics in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122345540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0005
A. Truehart, L. Hasselbacher, J. Chor
Minors in most states have a legal right to consent for reproductive health services, including contraception, pregnancy care, sexually transmitted infection testing and treatment, and (to varying degrees) abortion care. The right to consent usually corresponds with a right to confidentiality, but clinicians struggle to ensure minor confidentiality. This chapter reviews contemporary policies and laws that impact consent and confidentiality for minors seeking reproductive healthcare services. The authors also provide context on the public health framework for laws pertaining to adolescent consent and confidentiality. In the third section, they explore ethical considerations regarding the provision of confidential reproductive healthcare to minors. Last, the authors explore how contemporary medical practice can undermine legal protections afforded to minors, specifically focusing on electronic medical records, electronic prescriptions, and insurance. The authors give providers practical advice on how to optimize minor patients’ access to needed services while maintaining a trusting patient–provider relationship.
{"title":"Contemporary Challenges to Providing Confidential Reproductive Healthcare to Minors","authors":"A. Truehart, L. Hasselbacher, J. Chor","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Minors in most states have a legal right to consent for reproductive health services, including contraception, pregnancy care, sexually transmitted infection testing and treatment, and (to varying degrees) abortion care. The right to consent usually corresponds with a right to confidentiality, but clinicians struggle to ensure minor confidentiality. This chapter reviews contemporary policies and laws that impact consent and confidentiality for minors seeking reproductive healthcare services. The authors also provide context on the public health framework for laws pertaining to adolescent consent and confidentiality. In the third section, they explore ethical considerations regarding the provision of confidential reproductive healthcare to minors. Last, the authors explore how contemporary medical practice can undermine legal protections afforded to minors, specifically focusing on electronic medical records, electronic prescriptions, and insurance. The authors give providers practical advice on how to optimize minor patients’ access to needed services while maintaining a trusting patient–provider relationship.","PeriodicalId":269787,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Ethics in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121525321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0011
S. Klock
Oocyte or gamete donation has allowed for the reproductive process to be broken down into its component parts (genetic mother, gestating mother, and rearing mother) and has introduced the inclusion of a third party for female infertility. Gamete donation has enabled previously infertile individuals to have children. This chapter reviews three ethical issues in gamete donation: the payment of donors, the medical and psychological well-being of donors after donation, and the issues related to information sharing between donors, parents and offspring.
{"title":"Ethical Issues in Oocyte Donation","authors":"S. Klock","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190873028.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Oocyte or gamete donation has allowed for the reproductive process to be broken down into its component parts (genetic mother, gestating mother, and rearing mother) and has introduced the inclusion of a third party for female infertility. Gamete donation has enabled previously infertile individuals to have children. This chapter reviews three ethical issues in gamete donation: the payment of donors, the medical and psychological well-being of donors after donation, and the issues related to information sharing between donors, parents and offspring.","PeriodicalId":269787,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Ethics in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131527080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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