Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557704
L. Mastroeni, M. Naldi
With spectrum trading the owners of usage rights on wireless spectrum may transfer them temporarily to other users. A secondary market for spectrum may be implemented through the use of reservation mechanisms, by which prospective consumers of spectrum portions may first book them and decide later whether to actually buy the usage rights. A possible strategy for the owners of usage rights is to practise overbooking, i.e., to allow for more reservations than what they could sell (and then pay a penalty if they cannot satisfy the requests). A relevant problem for the owners of usage rights is to set the price for reservations. An algorithm is proposed here to price reservations in the presence of overbooking. The algorithm is based on the iterative use of the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein approach to price financial call options. The algorithm is then applied to a number of cases and the dependence of the price on the overbooking probability and the penalty is analysed.
{"title":"Pricing of reservations for time-limited spectrum leases under overbooking","authors":"L. Mastroeni, M. Naldi","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557704","url":null,"abstract":"With spectrum trading the owners of usage rights on wireless spectrum may transfer them temporarily to other users. A secondary market for spectrum may be implemented through the use of reservation mechanisms, by which prospective consumers of spectrum portions may first book them and decide later whether to actually buy the usage rights. A possible strategy for the owners of usage rights is to practise overbooking, i.e., to allow for more reservations than what they could sell (and then pay a penalty if they cannot satisfy the requests). A relevant problem for the owners of usage rights is to set the price for reservations. An algorithm is proposed here to price reservations in the presence of overbooking. The algorithm is based on the iterative use of the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein approach to price financial call options. The algorithm is then applied to a number of cases and the dependence of the price on the overbooking probability and the penalty is analysed.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115486404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557710
I. Artundo, A. Tymecki, E. Ortego, B. Ortega, J. Capmany
To analyze the costs of any optical fiber installation, it is critical to know the evolution of prices of its individual components in time. In this paper we present reliable data prices for several fiber components and we propose future cost trends for them. We extract that, while optical fiber cable manufacturing is a mature technology and no large cost reduction is expected in the future, other components are showing large price drops in the last years, and are expected to keep on descending.
{"title":"Price evolution forecasting of fiber components for optical telecommunications","authors":"I. Artundo, A. Tymecki, E. Ortego, B. Ortega, J. Capmany","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557710","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze the costs of any optical fiber installation, it is critical to know the evolution of prices of its individual components in time. In this paper we present reliable data prices for several fiber components and we propose future cost trends for them. We extract that, while optical fiber cable manufacturing is a mature technology and no large cost reduction is expected in the future, other components are showing large price drops in the last years, and are expected to keep on descending.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122865428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557693
S. Chatzi, J. Lázaro, J. Prat, Ioannis Tomkos
Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is an infrastructure that provides a giant boost to the progress of technology driven applications, such as triple play, along with the required software and equipment for their implementation. It consists of an investment for the years to come that speeds development in more than one technological area and promotes overall growth. Nevertheless in a context of continuous effort for more cost effective and energy saving solutions, the need to invest in a structure that is free from excessive expenditure and at the same time is future-proof has become imperative. Deriving of this need, new technological solutions have begun to emerge and the tool for their financial evaluation could be proven of important value for optical network operators. This paper presents a techno-economic comparison of two different passive FTTH network technologies/architectures. The cases considered in this study are namely: i) metro ring in combination with gigabit passive optical networks (GPON) technology on the access part and ii) a new converged access-metro wavelength division multiplexing / time division multiplexing (WDM/TDM) passive optical network (PON) called: scalable advanced ring-based passive dense access network architecture (SARDANA). This work includes a quantitative modeling of the outside plant cost as well as of the active equipment cost of the two architectures. It is shown that the green solution of the PONs in combination with the expected energy savings guarantees a cost effective solution. Furthermore it is shown that the more elaborate design of the WDM/TDM PON provides a cost reduction of about 15% for densely populated areas and even greater for scarcely ones along with an ensured flexibility.
{"title":"Techno-economic comparison of current and next generation long reach optical access networks","authors":"S. Chatzi, J. Lázaro, J. Prat, Ioannis Tomkos","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557693","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is an infrastructure that provides a giant boost to the progress of technology driven applications, such as triple play, along with the required software and equipment for their implementation. It consists of an investment for the years to come that speeds development in more than one technological area and promotes overall growth. Nevertheless in a context of continuous effort for more cost effective and energy saving solutions, the need to invest in a structure that is free from excessive expenditure and at the same time is future-proof has become imperative. Deriving of this need, new technological solutions have begun to emerge and the tool for their financial evaluation could be proven of important value for optical network operators. This paper presents a techno-economic comparison of two different passive FTTH network technologies/architectures. The cases considered in this study are namely: i) metro ring in combination with gigabit passive optical networks (GPON) technology on the access part and ii) a new converged access-metro wavelength division multiplexing / time division multiplexing (WDM/TDM) passive optical network (PON) called: scalable advanced ring-based passive dense access network architecture (SARDANA). This work includes a quantitative modeling of the outside plant cost as well as of the active equipment cost of the two architectures. It is shown that the green solution of the PONs in combination with the expected energy savings guarantees a cost effective solution. Furthermore it is shown that the more elaborate design of the WDM/TDM PON provides a cost reduction of about 15% for densely populated areas and even greater for scarcely ones along with an ensured flexibility.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129575360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557715
M. Deruyck, W. Vereecken, E. Tanghe, W. Joseph, M. Pickavet, L. Martens, P. Demeester
Nowadays, wireless access networks are a large contributor to the CO2 emissions of ICT. Today, ICT is responsible for 4 % of the annual energy consumption and this number is expected to grow drastically in the coming years. The power consumption of these wireless access networks will thus become an important issue in the coming years. In this paper, the power consumption of wireless base stations for mobile WiMAX, HSPA and LTE is modelled and compared for a future scenario. For our research, we assume a suburban area and a physical bit rate of 10 Mbps. We compare the wireless technologies for a SISO and three MIMO systems. For each case, we give a ranking of the wireless technologies as a function of their power consumption, range and energy eff ciency. Based on these results, we cover a specif ed area with each technology and determine which technology is the best solution for the specif ed area. We also compare the power consumption of the wireless access networks with the power consumption of the wired access networks.
{"title":"Comparison of power consumption of mobile WiMAX, HSPA and LTE access networks","authors":"M. Deruyck, W. Vereecken, E. Tanghe, W. Joseph, M. Pickavet, L. Martens, P. Demeester","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557715","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, wireless access networks are a large contributor to the CO2 emissions of ICT. Today, ICT is responsible for 4 % of the annual energy consumption and this number is expected to grow drastically in the coming years. The power consumption of these wireless access networks will thus become an important issue in the coming years. In this paper, the power consumption of wireless base stations for mobile WiMAX, HSPA and LTE is modelled and compared for a future scenario. For our research, we assume a suburban area and a physical bit rate of 10 Mbps. We compare the wireless technologies for a SISO and three MIMO systems. For each case, we give a ranking of the wireless technologies as a function of their power consumption, range and energy eff ciency. Based on these results, we cover a specif ed area with each technology and determine which technology is the best solution for the specif ed area. We also compare the power consumption of the wireless access networks with the power consumption of the wired access networks.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123819987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557706
Jochen Wulf, Rüdiger Zarnekow, M. Düser
In this paper we illustrate the application of a business model ontology with particular application to the Internet, IT, and telecommunication industry. It allows to subdivide a business model into a set of standard building blocks, which allows to identify and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of a particular model. The framework further enables the systematic comparison of different models to each other. The successful application of this framework to the specific area of delivery platforms is demonstrated.
{"title":"Analysis of future telecommunication business models using a business model ontology","authors":"Jochen Wulf, Rüdiger Zarnekow, M. Düser","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557706","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we illustrate the application of a business model ontology with particular application to the Internet, IT, and telecommunication industry. It allows to subdivide a business model into a set of standard building blocks, which allows to identify and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of a particular model. The framework further enables the systematic comparison of different models to each other. The successful application of this framework to the specific area of delivery platforms is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114414840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557701
Luc Verstrepen, W. Joseph, E. Tanghe, J. V. Ooteghem, B. Lannoo, M. Pickavet, L. Martens, P. Demeester
The provisioning of wireless data services in the railway environment will become increasingly important for train operators and train constructors in the upcoming years. A well-founded choice of the technology to be used for the outdoor network connection is investigated in this paper. Several wireless technologies - including HSPA, E-UTRA and WiMAX - are compared by calculating their wireless ranges for reception outside and inside trains, based on the location of the transceiver. These wireless ranges determine the number of base stations needed to cover a pre-defined area along a railway track. Results show that generally 3G (UMTS-HSPA) and 4G (E-UTRA/LTE) technologies offer the best coverage over a range of data rates, from 2 Mbps to 8 Mbps. These data rates relate to a wide variety of services, from network control data, surveillance, crew services to passenger Internet traffic.
{"title":"Making a well-founded choice of the wireless technology for train-to-wayside data services","authors":"Luc Verstrepen, W. Joseph, E. Tanghe, J. V. Ooteghem, B. Lannoo, M. Pickavet, L. Martens, P. Demeester","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557701","url":null,"abstract":"The provisioning of wireless data services in the railway environment will become increasingly important for train operators and train constructors in the upcoming years. A well-founded choice of the technology to be used for the outdoor network connection is investigated in this paper. Several wireless technologies - including HSPA, E-UTRA and WiMAX - are compared by calculating their wireless ranges for reception outside and inside trains, based on the location of the transceiver. These wireless ranges determine the number of base stations needed to cover a pre-defined area along a railway track. Results show that generally 3G (UMTS-HSPA) and 4G (E-UTRA/LTE) technologies offer the best coverage over a range of data rates, from 2 Mbps to 8 Mbps. These data rates relate to a wide variety of services, from network control data, surveillance, crew services to passenger Internet traffic.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115985359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557716
Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, M. Fernández, Luis Manuel Guijarro Verdura
There is a growing demand in the telecom sector for economic models that allow stakeholders to calculate the value of radio spectrum. This increasing necessity is due to growth of both spectrum demand and offer. On the demand side, soaring mobile broadband has made mobile operators demand additional spectrum to improve their network efficiencies. Regarding the offer side, technology neutrality (refarming), better spectrum usage (digital dividend) and authorization of new bands (2,6 GHz) make available a significant spectrum bandwidth for mobile communications. In this article it will be shown how bottom-up long run incremental cost (LRIC) models may help to calculate the economic value of spectrum in terms of improvement of mobile network efficiency, either as a stand-alone tool or integrated in more complex economic models. Importance of short run effects of changes in spectrum allocation are remarked using a case study on 900 MHz band refarming in a typical mobile operator.
{"title":"Using bottom-up LRIC models to calculate radio spectrum value for mobile operators","authors":"Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, M. Fernández, Luis Manuel Guijarro Verdura","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557716","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing demand in the telecom sector for economic models that allow stakeholders to calculate the value of radio spectrum. This increasing necessity is due to growth of both spectrum demand and offer. On the demand side, soaring mobile broadband has made mobile operators demand additional spectrum to improve their network efficiencies. Regarding the offer side, technology neutrality (refarming), better spectrum usage (digital dividend) and authorization of new bands (2,6 GHz) make available a significant spectrum bandwidth for mobile communications. In this article it will be shown how bottom-up long run incremental cost (LRIC) models may help to calculate the economic value of spectrum in terms of improvement of mobile network efficiency, either as a stand-alone tool or integrated in more complex economic models. Importance of short run effects of changes in spectrum allocation are remarked using a case study on 900 MHz band refarming in a typical mobile operator.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129042433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557703
J. Krämer, Lukas Wiewiorra
In this article we provide a seminal academic investigation of mobile telephony consumers' perception of the recently introduced cost cap tariff in comparison to corresponding pay-per-use and flatrate calling plans. Previous studies have identified several psychological effects through which consumers are believed to be biased towards flatrate plans. However, flatrate plans also limit customers' tariff flexibility in months of low usage. Cost cap tariffs are a hybrid between pay-per-use and flatrate plans and can offer cost insurance while maintaining flexibility. In particular, we provide evidence from a survey among 214 German university students that flexibility, cost insurance and the so-called taximeter effect are the main drivers behind cost cap tariff choice. Furthermore, we show that the insurance and taximeter effects are distinct if evaluated within a flatrate or cost cap tariff framework. Finally, based on our results we also comment on the profitability of cost cap plans from a strategic management perspective.
{"title":"Consumer perception of mobile telephony tariffs with cost caps","authors":"J. Krämer, Lukas Wiewiorra","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557703","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we provide a seminal academic investigation of mobile telephony consumers' perception of the recently introduced cost cap tariff in comparison to corresponding pay-per-use and flatrate calling plans. Previous studies have identified several psychological effects through which consumers are believed to be biased towards flatrate plans. However, flatrate plans also limit customers' tariff flexibility in months of low usage. Cost cap tariffs are a hybrid between pay-per-use and flatrate plans and can offer cost insurance while maintaining flexibility. In particular, we provide evidence from a survey among 214 German university students that flexibility, cost insurance and the so-called taximeter effect are the main drivers behind cost cap tariff choice. Furthermore, we show that the insurance and taximeter effects are distinct if evaluated within a flatrate or cost cap tariff framework. Finally, based on our results we also comment on the profitability of cost cap plans from a strategic management perspective.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125699063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557712
Tobias Heger, T. Monath, M. Kind
The concept of Quality of Experience (QoE) comprises quality as perceived by the end user. The implementation of technologies that allow to provide a high and constant level of QoE involves an extensive network of actors, each having its own strategy and chasing different goals. This paper analyses the varying objectives of the actors by applying the multi-actor multi-issue method MACTOR.
{"title":"A multi-actor analysis of the QoE environment","authors":"Tobias Heger, T. Monath, M. Kind","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557712","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of Quality of Experience (QoE) comprises quality as perceived by the end user. The implementation of technologies that allow to provide a high and constant level of QoE involves an extensive network of actors, each having its own strategy and chasing different goals. This paper analyses the varying objectives of the actors by applying the multi-actor multi-issue method MACTOR.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127243682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557694
C. P. Larsen, A. Gavler, Kun Wang
Active and passive optical networks are compared. Based on a reference model that covers AON and PON as well as the interfacing equipment, the different sites and locations in an access network are identified. Such a reference model is necessary in order to make a proper techno-economical comparison between the various optical access network architectures. Also, such a model makes it easier to compare functional differences between AON and PON. The reference model particularly focuses on identifying CAPEX contributions, but also OPEX contributions are regarded. Moreover, the definition of PON and AON has been refined in order to achieve a much more consistent terminology.
{"title":"Comparison of active and passive optical access networks","authors":"C. P. Larsen, A. Gavler, Kun Wang","doi":"10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557694","url":null,"abstract":"Active and passive optical networks are compared. Based on a reference model that covers AON and PON as well as the interfacing equipment, the different sites and locations in an access network are identified. Such a reference model is necessary in order to make a proper techno-economical comparison between the various optical access network architectures. Also, such a model makes it easier to compare functional differences between AON and PON. The reference model particularly focuses on identifying CAPEX contributions, but also OPEX contributions are regarded. Moreover, the definition of PON and AON has been refined in order to achieve a much more consistent terminology.","PeriodicalId":269841,"journal":{"name":"2010 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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