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2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks最新文献

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Design and Experiments of Transmitter for Transcutaneous Energy Transmission 经皮能量传输器的设计与实验
Haitao Zhao, Xiaoying Lv, Guiyang Li, Zhigong Wang
The design of the RF transmitter for transcutaneous energy transmission is analyzed and experimentally tested. The transmitter consists of a crystal oscillator, a class-E power amplifier, a supply voltage regulator, and a transmitting coil. The transmitting coils made of enameled wire and the receiving coils made on Printed Circuit Board (PCB) were designed simultaneously. In this paper, the compensated methods of transmitting coils and receiving coils are discussed. The topology and working principle of the transmitter are analyzed, the design parameters of the transmitter are calculated. Driven by a crystal oscillator, the class-E power amplifier operates at 13.56 MHz (ISM frequency band). In the conditions of a distance of 10 mm between two coils and 5-9 V DC supply, the voltage measured across the transmitting coil is from 90 V to 130 V, while the voltage across the receiving coil can reach 28 V. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulating ones. With a distance of 35 mm and a slice of skin between the coils, the receiving voltage reaches still up to 4 V at least, which meets the need of implanted integrated circuits.
对经皮能量传输射频发射机的设计进行了分析和实验测试。发射机由一个晶体振荡器、一个e类功率放大器、一个电源稳压器和一个发射线圈组成。同时设计了用漆包线制作的发射线圈和印制电路板制作的接收线圈。本文讨论了发射线圈和接收线圈的补偿方法。分析了变送器的拓扑结构和工作原理,计算了变送器的设计参数。e类功率放大器由晶体振荡器驱动,工作频率为13.56 MHz (ISM频段)。在两个线圈之间距离为10mm,使用5- 9v直流电源的情况下,发射线圈两端的测量电压为90v ~ 130v,而接收线圈两端的测量电压可达28v。实验结果与模拟结果吻合较好。线圈之间距离为35mm,有一层皮肤,接收电压至少仍可达4v,满足植入集成电路的需要。
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引用次数: 2
Green and Sustainable Cyber-Physical Security Solutions for Body Area Networks 人体区域网络的绿色和可持续的网络物理安全解决方案
K. Venkatasubramanian, Ayan Banerjee, S. Gupta
Wireless sensor-based Body Area Networks (BAN) can play a major role in providing individualized health-care. Given their limited power sources, sensors in BAN have to be energy-efficient to ensure longevity and safety of the network. Recent years have seen the emergence of a new class of security solutions for BANs, called cyber-physical security solutions, which enable plug-n-play secure communication within a BAN using environment derived features. However, due to this environment-coupled nature, they require signal processing and mathematical routines which can be potentially very energy-intensive for individual sensors. In this paper, we characterize the "energy footprint" of a cyber-physical security solution, the Physiological signal based Key Agreement (PKA). The goal is to - 1) compute PKA's energy consumption, and 2) determine whether prominent energy scavenging techniques can be used to meet its requirements. Our results show that the energy requirements of PKA is small and is sustainable by many of the prominent energy scavenging techniques, such as body heat and ambulation, making it a "green" solution for large scale deployments.
基于无线传感器的身体区域网络(BAN)可以在提供个性化保健方面发挥重要作用。由于电源有限,BAN中的传感器必须节能,以确保网络的寿命和安全。近年来出现了一种新的BAN安全解决方案,称为网络物理安全解决方案,它可以在BAN中使用环境派生的功能实现即插即用的安全通信。然而,由于这种环境耦合的性质,它们需要信号处理和数学例程,这对于单个传感器来说可能非常耗能。在本文中,我们描述了一种网络物理安全解决方案的“能量足迹”,即基于生理信号的密钥协议(PKA)。目标是- 1)计算PKA的能量消耗,以及2)确定是否可以使用突出的能量清除技术来满足其要求。我们的研究结果表明,PKA的能量需求很小,并且通过许多突出的能量清除技术(如体热和移动)是可持续的,使其成为大规模部署的“绿色”解决方案。
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引用次数: 34
A Simulation Environment for Subject-Specific Radio Channel Modeling in Wireless Body Sensor Networks 无线身体传感器网络中特定主题无线电信道建模的仿真环境
Yan Zhao, A. Sani, Y. Hao, Su-Lin Lee, Guang-Zhong Yang
This paper presents a simulation environment, based on the parallel finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, for subject-specific radio channel modeling in wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs). The simulation environment takes into account realistic antenna radiation patterns in channel modeling to analyze their effects on WBSNs. The proposed simulation tool is applied to a study of body communication channels in a hospital environment and the results are validated by site measurement. It is found from our study that radio channel characteristics in WBSNs are subject specific and associated with human genders and body mass indices (BMIs).
本文提出了一个基于并行时域有限差分(FDTD)方法的仿真环境,用于无线身体传感器网络(WBSNs)中特定主题的无线电信道建模。仿真环境在信道建模中考虑了真实的天线辐射方向图,分析了它们对wbsn的影响。将所提出的仿真工具应用于医院环境中身体通信通道的研究,并通过现场测量验证了结果。我们的研究发现,WBSNs的无线电频道特征具有受试者特异性,并与人类性别和体重指数(bmi)有关。
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引用次数: 20
Wireless Propagation and Coexistence of Medical Body Sensor Networks for Ambulatory Patient Monitoring 用于门诊病人监测的医疗身体传感器网络的无线传播与共存
David M. Davenport, Budhaditya Deb, F. Ross
In this paper we present the technical requirements and system issues for wireless Medical Body Sensor Networks (BSNs). Design guidelines are driven by the need to improve ambulatory patient monitoring and care while reducing logistic constraints for patients as well as healthcare professionals. We present our study on three key components of Medical BSN: On-body wireless link (to characterize the RF channel for body worn wireless devices), Coupling between bodies (to characterize the RF interaction between bodies) and Coexistence of Medical BSNs in the RF spectrum. Results and conclusions are presented through simulation and measurement studies. We also discuss our FCC petition for spectrum allocation.
本文介绍了无线医疗身体传感器网络(BSNs)的技术要求和系统问题。设计指南是由改进门诊患者监测和护理的需求驱动的,同时减少了患者和医疗保健专业人员的后勤限制。我们对医疗BSN的三个关键组成部分进行了研究:身体上的无线链路(表征身体穿戴无线设备的射频通道),身体之间的耦合(表征身体之间的射频相互作用)以及医疗BSN在射频频谱中的共存。通过仿真和测量研究,给出了结果和结论。我们还讨论了我们的FCC频谱分配申请。
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引用次数: 35
Transitional Activity Recognition with Manifold Embedding 基于流形嵌入的过渡活动识别
R. Ali, L. Atallah, Benny P. L. Lo, Guang-Zhong Yang
Activity monitoring is an important part of pervasive sensing, particularly for assessing activities of daily living for elderly patients and those with chronic diseases. Previous studies have mainly focused on binary transitions between activities, but have overlooked detailed transitional patterns. For patient studies, this transition period can be prolonged and may be indicative of the progression of disease. To observe, as well as quantify, transitional activities, a manifold embedding approach is proposed in this paper. The method uses a spectral graph partitioning and transition labelling approach for identifying principal and transitional activity patterns. The practical value of the work is demonstrated through laboratory experiments for identifying specific transitions and detecting simulated motion impairment.
活动监测是普适传感的重要组成部分,特别是对评估老年患者和慢性病患者的日常生活活动。以往的研究主要集中在活动之间的二元过渡,但忽略了详细的过渡模式。对于病人的研究,这个过渡时期可以延长,并可能表明疾病的进展。为了观察和量化过渡活动,本文提出了一种流形嵌入方法。该方法使用谱图划分和过渡标记方法来识别主要和过渡活动模式。通过实验室实验证明了该工作的实用价值,用于识别特定的过渡和检测模拟运动障碍。
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引用次数: 15
Therapeutic Exergaming 治疗Exergaming
Brendan O'Huiginn, B. Smyth, G. Coughlan, D. Fitzgerald, B. Caulfield
Exercise therapy is prescribed by physiotherapists and rehabilitation practitioners as part of the treatment programme for many movement impairment disorders. Poor adherence and inadequate exercise technique often result in poor outcomes for these patients and delays their return to full physical function. Therapeutic exergaming, which is the use of computer games and body-worn motion tracking sensors to teach therapeutic exercise programmes to patients, may offer solutions to these problems. In this paper we describe one such system, known as FlyFit, which offers a sensor-driven flight game environment that allows physiotherapists to intuitively design game levels that will induce patients to correctly carry out their exercises programme. A 4-week pilot study to investigate the training effect of the system compared to a conventional exercise training approach is described. Results suggest these exergaming systems may induce improvements in balance and strength similar to the conventional programme along with increased levels of intrinsic motivation but further research is warranted.
运动疗法是由物理治疗师和康复医生开出的,作为许多运动障碍治疗方案的一部分。不良的依从性和不适当的运动技术往往导致这些患者预后不良,并延迟他们恢复完全的身体功能。治疗性运动,即使用电脑游戏和穿戴在身上的运动跟踪传感器,向患者传授治疗性运动计划,可能为这些问题提供解决方案。在本文中,我们描述了一个这样的系统,称为FlyFit,它提供了一个传感器驱动的飞行游戏环境,允许物理治疗师直观地设计游戏关卡,诱导患者正确执行他们的锻炼计划。本文描述了一项为期4周的试点研究,以调查该系统与传统运动训练方法相比的训练效果。结果表明,这些锻炼系统可能会导致平衡和力量方面的改善,与传统计划类似,同时增加内在动机水平,但需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 16
DexterNet: An Open Platform for Heterogeneous Body Sensor Networks and its Applications DexterNet:异构身体传感器网络的开放平台及其应用
P. Kuryloski, A. Giani, Roberta Giannantonio, K. Gilani, Raffaele Gravina, Ville-Pekka Seppä, E. Seto, Victor Shia, Curtis Wang, Posu Yan, A. Yang, J. Hyttinen, S. Sastry, S. Wicker, R. Bajcsy
We present an open-source platform for wireless body sensor networks called DexterNet. The system supports real-time, persistent human monitoring in both indoor and outdoor environments. The platform utilizes a three-layer architecture to control heterogeneous body sensors. The first layer called the body sensor layer (BSL) deals with design of heterogeneous body sensors and their instrumentation on the body. At the second layer called the personal network layer (PNL), the body sensors on a single subject communicate with a mobile base station, which supports Linux OS and the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. The BSL and PNL functions are abstracted and implemented as an open-source software library, called Signal Processing In Node Environment (SPINE). A DexterNet network is scalable, and can be reconfigured on-the-fly via SPINE. At the third layer called the global network layer (GNL), multiple PNLs communicate with a remote Internet server to permanently log the sensor data and support higher-level applications. We demonstrate the versatility of the DexterNet platform via several real-world applications.
我们提出了一个名为DexterNet的无线身体传感器网络的开源平台。该系统支持在室内和室外环境中进行实时、持续的人工监控。该平台采用三层结构来控制异构身体传感器。第一层称为身体传感器层(BSL),处理异构身体传感器及其在身体上的仪器的设计。在第二层称为个人网络层(PNL),单个主体上的身体传感器与支持Linux操作系统和IEEE 802.15.4协议的移动基站进行通信。BSL和PNL函数被抽象并实现为一个开源软件库,称为节点环境中的信号处理(SPINE)。DexterNet网络是可扩展的,可以通过SPINE实时重新配置。在第三层称为全球网络层(GNL),多个pnl与远程Internet服务器通信,以永久记录传感器数据并支持更高级的应用程序。我们通过几个实际应用程序演示了DexterNet平台的多功能性。
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引用次数: 83
Textile-Based Wearable Sensors for Assisting Sports Performance 帮助运动表现的基于纺织品的可穿戴传感器
S. Coyle, D. Morris, K. Lau, D. Diamond, N. Moyna
There is a need for wearable sensors to assess physiological signals and body kinematics during exercise. Such sensors need to be straightforward to use, and ideally the complete system integrated fully within a garment. This would allow wearers to monitor their progress as they undergo an exercise training programme without the need to attach external devices. This takes physiological monitoring into a more natural setting. By developing textile sensors the intelligence is integrated into a sports garment in an innocuous manner. A number of textile based sensors are presented here that have been integrated into garments for various sports applications.
在运动过程中,需要可穿戴传感器来评估生理信号和身体运动学。这种传感器需要简单易用,理想情况下,整个系统完全集成在一件衣服内。这将允许佩戴者在不需要连接外部设备的情况下监测他们进行运动训练计划的进度。这使得生理监测进入一个更自然的环境。通过开发纺织品传感器,智能以无害的方式集成到运动服装中。这里介绍了许多基于纺织品的传感器,这些传感器已经集成到各种运动应用的服装中。
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引用次数: 98
Using Heart Rate Monitors to Detect Mental Stress 使用心率监测器检测精神压力
Jongyoon Choi, R. Gutierrez-Osuna
This article describes an approach to detecting mental stress using unobtrusive wearable sensors. The approach relies on estimating the state of the autonomic nervous system from an analysis of heart rate variability. Namely, we use a non-linear system identification technique known as principal dynamic modes (PDM) to predict the activation level of the two autonomic branches: sympathetic (i.e. stress-inducing) and parasympathetic (i.e. relaxation-related). We validate the method on a discrimination problem with two psychophysiological conditions, one associated with mental tasks and one induced by relaxation exercises. Our results indicate that PDM features are more stable and less subject-dependent than spectral features, though the latter provide higher classification performance within subjects. When PDM and spectral features are combined, our system discriminates stressful events with a success rate of 83% within subjects (69% between subjects).
本文描述了一种使用不显眼的可穿戴传感器检测精神压力的方法。该方法依赖于通过对心率变异性的分析来估计自主神经系统的状态。也就是说,我们使用一种被称为主动态模式(PDM)的非线性系统识别技术来预测两个自主神经分支的激活水平:交感神经(即压力诱导)和副交感神经(即放松相关)。我们在两种心理生理条件下验证了该方法的辨别问题,一种与心理任务有关,另一种由放松练习引起。我们的研究结果表明,PDM特征比光谱特征更稳定,对主题的依赖性更小,尽管后者在主题内提供更高的分类性能。当PDM和光谱特征相结合时,我们的系统区分压力事件的成功率为83%(受试者之间的成功率为69%)。
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引用次数: 153
Reducing Healthcare Costs with Wireless Technology 利用无线技术降低医疗成本
Alf Helge Omre
By the innovative application of body worn Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) patients could avoid or reduce hospital stays while still being in constant contact with their healthcare providers. However, while wireless technology is far advanced it has yet to be accepted by the medical sector, primarily through concerns of cost, reliability and interoperability. Bluetooth low energy meets all of these requirements and has the added advantage that it will be able to communicate with the Bluetooth chips likely to be fitted to the next generation of mobile phones. That means patient data could be transmitted to a medical facility via the cellular network eliminating the need to build expensive specialised communication links. But while Bluetooth low energy specification promises much, there are some technical challenges – such as protection of privacy - to overcome.
通过穿戴式无线传感器网络(WSNs)的创新应用,患者可以在与医疗保健提供者保持持续联系的同时避免或减少住院时间。然而,尽管无线技术非常先进,但它尚未被医疗部门接受,主要是由于对成本、可靠性和互操作性的担忧。低功耗蓝牙满足所有这些要求,并具有额外的优势,它将能够与可能安装在下一代移动电话上的蓝牙芯片进行通信。这意味着患者数据可以通过蜂窝网络传输到医疗机构,而无需建立昂贵的专门通信链路。但是,虽然蓝牙低功耗规格承诺了很多,但仍有一些技术挑战需要克服,比如隐私保护。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks
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