Pub Date : 2021-07-28DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-754126/v1
N. Awasthi, Monika Chaudhary
Universal Health Coverage, as a milestone of Sustainable Development Goal − 3 has its own predefined limitations for a resource constraint economy. Underdeveloped and developing nations are not in a position to provide critical and crucial health services to all its citizens and those who remain uncovered are likely to face financial hardships. Division of limited resources is never easy andchoosing which services to offer and to whom in order to benefit the weaker sections becomes a complex choice. This study examines, that despite the availability of health systems and insurance schemes, does a vulnerable sections of the societyremains unprotected against Catastrophic Health Expenditure. Is catastrophic health expenditure leading to impoverishment in urban poor of Jaipur city? Primary data was collected from 426 households of urban slums of Jaipur City. It was found that of all the households, 8.1 percent households incurred Catastrophic Health Expenditure. The mean excess of expenditure over the defined threshold (i.e. 40 percent of non-subsistence household expenditure) was 33 percent for households which incurred Catastrophic Health Expenditure. There was a significant association between increased health expenditure and curtailment in expenditure on food and clothing by households, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 respectively. There was a significant rise in impoverishment in urban slums because of out of pocket expenditures on health. There was an absolute 1 percent rise (2.8 percent to 3.8 percent) in poverty on the basis of National Poverty Line and 2.6 percent (37.1 percent to 39.7 percent) when International Poverty Line estimates were taken. Increase in normalized mean positive poverty gap from 29.8 percent to 45.3 percent, indicates the deepening of poverty among existing poor. The result indicates massive discrepancy in estimates of poverty 2.8 percent on National poverty standards and 37.1 percent on International poverty standards. Poverty ratio, as low as 2.8 percent among urban slum (the acknowledged poorer section) based on National Poverty Line indicates need of developing a sensitive poverty standards. Urban slum dwellers of Jaipur are forced to spend more on day-to-day household items because of higher cost of living of the city. This led to an underestimation of the number of poor on National poverty line basis. Lack of considerations of regional variables and factors while designing health schemes is evident. This raises an argument in favor of recognizing local factors while designing the social insurance schemes. Evidence based selection of healthcare delivery system - assurance, insurance or mixed is required. The approach must enable the Government to control quality and cost of the healthcare at the same time. In the present scenario, assurance (healthcare services by Public Healthcare Facilities) approach may not only improve the accessibility but also will control the cost of healthcare for the entire population. In place
{"title":"Health and poverty linkages for population just above the poverty line-A study done in slums of Jaipur, India","authors":"N. Awasthi, Monika Chaudhary","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-754126/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-754126/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Universal Health Coverage, as a milestone of Sustainable Development Goal − 3 has its own predefined limitations for a resource constraint economy. Underdeveloped and developing nations are not in a position to provide critical and crucial health services to all its citizens and those who remain uncovered are likely to face financial hardships. Division of limited resources is never easy andchoosing which services to offer and to whom in order to benefit the weaker sections becomes a complex choice. This study examines, that despite the availability of health systems and insurance schemes, does a vulnerable sections of the societyremains unprotected against Catastrophic Health Expenditure. Is catastrophic health expenditure leading to impoverishment in urban poor of Jaipur city? Primary data was collected from 426 households of urban slums of Jaipur City. It was found that of all the households, 8.1 percent households incurred Catastrophic Health Expenditure. The mean excess of expenditure over the defined threshold (i.e. 40 percent of non-subsistence household expenditure) was 33 percent for households which incurred Catastrophic Health Expenditure. There was a significant association between increased health expenditure and curtailment in expenditure on food and clothing by households, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 respectively. There was a significant rise in impoverishment in urban slums because of out of pocket expenditures on health. There was an absolute 1 percent rise (2.8 percent to 3.8 percent) in poverty on the basis of National Poverty Line and 2.6 percent (37.1 percent to 39.7 percent) when International Poverty Line estimates were taken. Increase in normalized mean positive poverty gap from 29.8 percent to 45.3 percent, indicates the deepening of poverty among existing poor. The result indicates massive discrepancy in estimates of poverty 2.8 percent on National poverty standards and 37.1 percent on International poverty standards. Poverty ratio, as low as 2.8 percent among urban slum (the acknowledged poorer section) based on National Poverty Line indicates need of developing a sensitive poverty standards. Urban slum dwellers of Jaipur are forced to spend more on day-to-day household items because of higher cost of living of the city. This led to an underestimation of the number of poor on National poverty line basis. Lack of considerations of regional variables and factors while designing health schemes is evident. This raises an argument in favor of recognizing local factors while designing the social insurance schemes. Evidence based selection of healthcare delivery system - assurance, insurance or mixed is required. The approach must enable the Government to control quality and cost of the healthcare at the same time. In the present scenario, assurance (healthcare services by Public Healthcare Facilities) approach may not only improve the accessibility but also will control the cost of healthcare for the entire population. In place","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.202104
Nabeela Sultan
Psoriasis is a red and scaly chronic skin condition of unknown cause. The primary concern to most patients is unsightly appearance. Social exclusion discrimination is psychologically devastating for individuals suffering from psoriasis and their families. It can occur at any age. Psoriasis could be defined as an autoimmune disease. But no autoantigen responsible for this disease has been defined yet. In the Unani system of medicine, psoriasis is described in various headings such as Da-us-Sadaf, Taqashshure Jild, Qooba-e-mutaqashshira, Chambal and Al sadafiya, but there is no description of the word psoriasis and its cause in the Unani system of medicine. But a renowned Unani physician Ibn-e-zuhr use the term Taqasshure Jild, where abnormal humor (sauda-e-ghaleez in skin) is responsible for this disorder. The sauda-e-ghaleez hampers the skin nutrition hence the skin becomes dead and falls out in the form of scale. Unani physicians are successfully treating this ailment since ancient times by adopting different modes of treatment. This paper aims to explore each and every aspect of this disease.
{"title":"Unani and Modern Aspect of Psoriasis (Da-us-Sadaf): A Review","authors":"Nabeela Sultan","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202104","url":null,"abstract":"Psoriasis is a red and scaly chronic skin condition of unknown cause. The primary concern to most patients is unsightly appearance. Social exclusion discrimination is psychologically devastating for individuals suffering from psoriasis and their families. It can occur at any age. Psoriasis could be defined as an autoimmune disease. But no autoantigen responsible for this disease has been defined yet. In the Unani system of medicine, psoriasis is described in various headings such as Da-us-Sadaf, Taqashshure Jild, Qooba-e-mutaqashshira, Chambal and Al sadafiya, but there is no description of the word psoriasis and its cause in the Unani system of medicine. But a renowned Unani physician Ibn-e-zuhr use the term Taqasshure Jild, where abnormal humor (sauda-e-ghaleez in skin) is responsible for this disorder. The sauda-e-ghaleez hampers the skin nutrition hence the skin becomes dead and falls out in the form of scale. Unani physicians are successfully treating this ailment since ancient times by adopting different modes of treatment. This paper aims to explore each and every aspect of this disease.","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122159844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.202103
Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad
Dysmenorrhoea (usr-e-tams) is a usual gynaecological condition comprising of painful muscle spasms coming with menstruation, which in the absence of any fundamental irregularity or pathology, is known as primary dysmenorrhoea. Primary dysmenorrhoea is the nearly usual cyclical pelvic pain affecting the satisfaction of life. The relative incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea was reported to be within 20% and 90% in many societies. Studies have shown that regular exercise decreases dysmenorrhoea in women, which may be due to the effects of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an enhancement in endorphin levels. It appears that exercise has pain-killing events that act in a non-particular way. Research has demonstrated that women with dysmenorrhoea have high degrees of prostaglandins, and hormones acknowledged to cause hampering abdominal pain. Exercise is a non-pharmacological treatment with the aim of reducing side effects commonly reported in association with NSAIDs, such as indigestion, headaches and drowsiness. Thus, diminution of pain may be due to consequences of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an increase in endorphin levels. However, exercise has analgesic events that behave in a non-specific way and may be substituted for analgesics. Exercise may play a pivotal role in combating difficulties due to dysmenorrhoea. This article reviews the effects of exercise on dysmenorrhoea.
{"title":"Implication of Riyazat (Exercise) in Primary Dysmenorrhoea (Usr-E-Tams)","authors":"Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.202103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202103","url":null,"abstract":"Dysmenorrhoea (usr-e-tams) is a usual gynaecological condition comprising of painful muscle spasms coming with menstruation, which in the absence of any fundamental irregularity or pathology, is known as primary dysmenorrhoea. Primary dysmenorrhoea is the nearly usual cyclical pelvic pain affecting the satisfaction of life. The relative incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea was reported to be within 20% and 90% in many societies. Studies have shown that regular exercise decreases dysmenorrhoea in women, which may be due to the effects of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an enhancement in endorphin levels. It appears that exercise has pain-killing events that act in a non-particular way. Research has demonstrated that women with dysmenorrhoea have high degrees of prostaglandins, and hormones acknowledged to cause hampering abdominal pain. Exercise is a non-pharmacological treatment with the aim of reducing side effects commonly reported in association with NSAIDs, such as indigestion, headaches and drowsiness. Thus, diminution of pain may be due to consequences of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an increase in endorphin levels. However, exercise has analgesic events that behave in a non-specific way and may be substituted for analgesics. Exercise may play a pivotal role in combating difficulties due to dysmenorrhoea. This article reviews the effects of exercise on dysmenorrhoea.","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127188604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.202101
S. A. Mazhar
For conducting research, it is a must to collect data. Data is basically the information that is required for investigating a research problem after proper designing. The importance of data collection lies in the fact that without gathering the particular information the research could not be carried out. The data may be primary or secondary. Usually, the methods of primary data collection in behavioural sciences include observation methods, interviews, questionnaires, and through database. The sources of secondary data include the previously published books, magazines, journals, etc. and unpublished autobiographies and biographies, etc. Thus, data collection is mandatory to accomplish the research process and therefore, it is the fundamental tool of research. This paper reviews, in detail, the various methods and different ways of gathering the information for undertaking research.
{"title":"Methods of Data Collection: A Fundamental Tool of Research","authors":"S. A. Mazhar","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.202101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202101","url":null,"abstract":"For conducting research, it is a must to collect data. Data is basically the information that is required for investigating a research problem after proper designing. The importance of data collection lies in the fact that without gathering the particular information the research could not be carried out. The data may be primary or secondary. Usually, the methods of primary data collection in behavioural sciences include observation methods, interviews, questionnaires, and through database. The sources of secondary data include the previously published books, magazines, journals, etc. and unpublished autobiographies and biographies, etc. Thus, data collection is mandatory to accomplish the research process and therefore, it is the fundamental tool of research. This paper reviews, in detail, the various methods and different ways of gathering the information for undertaking research.","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122736244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.202102
M. Abid
The scope of Unani medicine is increasing day by day as people are becoming more interested in herbal and organic world. However, Unani (herbal) knowledge needs to be coupled with scientific documented research done to verify its efficacy. The aim of this paper is to provide updated knowledge on hypertension and its management in the Unani system of medicine. Hypertension is a major health hazard globally especially in developed countries. In the Unani system of medicine, there are mudirrat (diuretics) to reduce body fluids and minerals, and musakkin (relaxants) and munawwim (sedatives) are also advised by Unani physicians to reduce anxiety. Unani physician, Razi recommends venesection for this particular ailment. Unani physicians have given the concept of hypertension as “Imtila-ba-Hasb-ul-Auiya” and have said that this occurs due to sue-e-mizaj damwi and comes under the heading of Imtila. Literally ‘Imtala’ means gathering and fullness of the body with madda (fluids). To be precise, it means there is a buildup of normal or abnormal fluids in the body. Unani physicians were all aware of the concept of Zaghta e damwi (blood pressure). Systole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inqabazi’ and diastole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inbesati’ is well depicted in the Unani literature. Most of the world’s population, mainly in developing countries, use herbal medicines for primary health care because of their ancient tradition, culture, and minor side effects. Various kinds of research have been conducted regarding the hypotensive and antihypertensive therapeutic values of local medicinal plants in the recent past, and they have provided evidence for the antihypertensive effects of some of these plants.
随着人们对草药和有机世界越来越感兴趣，Unani医学的范围日益扩大。然而，Unani(草药)知识需要与科学文献研究相结合，以验证其功效。本文的目的是提供最新的知识，高血压和它的管理在Unani医学系统。高血压是全球特别是发达国家的主要健康危害。在乌纳尼的医学体系中，有mudirrat(利尿剂)来减少体液和矿物质，乌纳尼的医生也建议使用musakkin(松弛剂)和munawwim(镇静剂)来减少焦虑。Unani医生Razi建议对这种特殊疾病进行静脉切除。乌干达医生将高血压的概念称为“Imtila-ba- hasb -ul- auiya”，并说这是由于sue-e-mizaj damwi造成的，属于Imtila的标题。字面上“Imtala”的意思是用mada(液体)收集和充实身体。准确地说，这意味着体内有正常或不正常的液体积聚。乌干达的医生都知道Zaghta e damwi(血压)的概念。收缩期为“Zaghta-e-Inqabazi”，舒张期为“Zaghta-e-Inbesati”在Unani文献中有很好的描述。世界上大多数人口，主要是发展中国家的人口，使用草药进行初级卫生保健，因为它们具有古老的传统、文化和轻微的副作用。近年来，人们对当地药用植物的降压和降压治疗价值进行了各种各样的研究，并为其中一些植物的降压作用提供了证据。
{"title":"Concept of Zaght al-Dam-Qawi (Hypertension) and its Management Modalities in Unani System of Medicine","authors":"M. Abid","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.202102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202102","url":null,"abstract":"The scope of Unani medicine is increasing day by day as people are becoming more interested in herbal and organic world. However, Unani (herbal) knowledge needs to be coupled with scientific documented research done to verify its efficacy. The aim of this paper is to provide updated knowledge on hypertension and its management in the Unani system of medicine. Hypertension is a major health hazard globally especially in developed countries. In the Unani system of medicine, there are mudirrat (diuretics) to reduce body fluids and minerals, and musakkin (relaxants) and munawwim (sedatives) are also advised by Unani physicians to reduce anxiety. Unani physician, Razi recommends venesection for this particular ailment. Unani physicians have given the concept of hypertension as “Imtila-ba-Hasb-ul-Auiya” and have said that this occurs due to sue-e-mizaj damwi and comes under the heading of Imtila. Literally ‘Imtala’ means gathering and fullness of the body with madda (fluids). To be precise, it means there is a buildup of normal or abnormal fluids in the body. Unani physicians were all aware of the concept of Zaghta e damwi (blood pressure). Systole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inqabazi’ and diastole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inbesati’ is well depicted in the Unani literature. Most of the world’s population, mainly in developing countries, use herbal medicines for primary health care because of their ancient tradition, culture, and minor side effects. Various kinds of research have been conducted regarding the hypotensive and antihypertensive therapeutic values of local medicinal plants in the recent past, and they have provided evidence for the antihypertensive effects of some of these plants.","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"316 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133636285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.201902
Azizur Rahman
Azizur Rahman, Mohd Zulkifle, Mohammad Aslam, Mohammad Ruman Khan 1Dept. of Mahiyatul Amraz (Pathology), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. 2Dept. of Kulliyate Tib (Basic concepts), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. 3Dept. of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tib (Preventive and Social Medicine), AMU, Aligarh, India. 4Dept. of Amraze Jild wa Tazeeniyat (Dermatology), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201902
{"title":"Components of Writing a Review Article","authors":"Azizur Rahman","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.201902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201902","url":null,"abstract":"Azizur Rahman, Mohd Zulkifle, Mohammad Aslam, Mohammad Ruman Khan 1Dept. of Mahiyatul Amraz (Pathology), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. 2Dept. of Kulliyate Tib (Basic concepts), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. 3Dept. of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tib (Preventive and Social Medicine), AMU, Aligarh, India. 4Dept. of Amraze Jild wa Tazeeniyat (Dermatology), NIUM, Bengaluru, India. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201902","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123129427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.201901
Nighat Parveen
{"title":"Dermatophytosis with Reference to Unani and Modern Concept: An Overview","authors":"Nighat Parveen","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.201901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127782492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.201905
P. B
Background: The sexually transmitted infections are common communicable diseases spread through sexual contacts and caused by a broad range of pathogens, e. g., bacteria, chlamydia, virus, fungus, protozoa, ectoparasites, etc. Methods: The study was conducted at Community Health Centre, Rangat, Middle Andaman. This was a cross sectional study involving all the patients attended CHC, Rangat during the period from April, 2017 to October, 2019. The statistical data is expressed as numbers and percentages. Result: 23 patients were diagnosed to have STIs during the study period. Herpes genitalis is the predominant STI diagnosed in 6 patients followed by condyloma acuminata, chancroid, molluscum, trichomonas vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: Thus, we performed this study to analyse the prevalence of sexually transmitted infection among patients attending CHC, Rangat. This study will be useful for planning and implementation of health care.
{"title":"Profile of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Patients Attending Community Health Centre (CHC), Rangat","authors":"P. B","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.201905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201905","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The sexually transmitted infections are common communicable diseases spread through sexual contacts and caused by a broad range of pathogens, e. g., bacteria, chlamydia, virus, fungus, protozoa, ectoparasites, etc. Methods: The study was conducted at Community Health Centre, Rangat, Middle Andaman. This was a cross sectional study involving all the patients attended CHC, Rangat during the period from April, 2017 to October, 2019. The statistical data is expressed as numbers and percentages. Result: 23 patients were diagnosed to have STIs during the study period. Herpes genitalis is the predominant STI diagnosed in 6 patients followed by condyloma acuminata, chancroid, molluscum, trichomonas vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: Thus, we performed this study to analyse the prevalence of sexually transmitted infection among patients attending CHC, Rangat. This study will be useful for planning and implementation of health care.","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.201904
Tamanna Nazli
Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the effectiveness of fire cupping versus dry warm fomentation in reducing pain and tenderness in patients with Chronic Neck Pain (CNP) and the secondary objective was to compare the effectiveness of both interventions in improving Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) and Quality of Life (QoL). Methods: In this randomized controlled trial 70 patients with CNP were block randomized into two groups; fire Cupping Group (CG) or dry warm Fomentation Group (FG). Response to treatment was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), CROM and Neck Disability Index (NDI). Impact of disease on patient’s QoL was assessed using Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Result: On intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, the maximum reduction in pain was achieved in CG than in FG, the mean VAS scores in CG leads to much earlier reduction of pain as compared to FG (p=0.001). The mean CROM in both the groups increased from baseline, though the increase was higher in the CG. A low NDI score signifies less disability, the median percentage NDI score in CG was 12 (0-24) which is lower than FG 18 (0-46.7) and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.0012). In the SF-36, subscale bodily pain, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.0452). Conclusion: Both the regimens are effective in reducing pain and increasing CROM while, earlier reduction in pain occur significantly greater extent with CG. How to cite this article: Raheem A, Nazli T, Saeed A, Alvi R, Kalaivani M. Effectiveness of Fire Cupping (Hijamah Nariya) versus dry warm Fomentation (Takmeed Yabis) in Chronic Neck Pain - A Randomized Control Trial. J Integ Comm Health 2019; 8(1): 21-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201904
目的:主要目的是比较火罐和干热法在减轻慢性颈痛(CNP)患者疼痛和压痛方面的有效性，次要目的是比较两种干预措施在改善颈椎活动度(CROM)和生活质量(QoL)方面的有效性。方法:在本随机对照试验中，70例CNP患者随机分为两组;火罐组(CG)或干热发酵组(FG)。采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)、CROM和颈部残疾指数(NDI)评估治疗效果。采用SF-36健康问卷(Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire, SF-36)评估疾病对患者生活质量的影响。结果:意向治疗(ITT)分析显示，与FG相比，CG组最大程度地减轻了疼痛，CG组的平均VAS评分比FG更早地减轻了疼痛(p=0.001)。两组的平均CROM均较基线增加，但CG的增加幅度更高。NDI评分越低，残疾程度越低，CG组NDI评分中位数百分比为12(0-24)，低于FG组18(0-46.7)，两组差异有统计学意义(p=0.0012)。在SF-36身体疼痛亚量表中，两组间差异有统计学意义(p=0.0452)。结论:两种方案均能有效减轻疼痛和增加CROM，而CG组疼痛的早期减轻程度明显更大。Raheem A, Nazli T, Saeed A, Alvi R, Kalaivani M.火罐(Hijamah Nariya)与干温罐(Takmeed Yabis)治疗慢性颈部疼痛的疗效-一项随机对照试验。2019;8(1): 21-32。DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201904
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Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.24321/2319.9113.201903
S M Safdar Ashraf
There are number of systems of medicine prevailing in this world. The Greek (Unani) system of Medicine is one of them. The classic period of Greek Medicine was from 460-136 BC. The medieval period to which Greek medicine belong is 500-1500 AD. The golden period of Greek medicine is considered from 800 to 1300 AD (Park K, 2011) Greek medicine was reintroduced in 1351 AD by Arabs. Athens which was learning centre shifted to Alexandria as Arab - Persian medicine. It flourished in India under the patronage of Mughal Emperors, suffered a setback during the British rule but soon regained its momentum by endless efforts of Nizam of Hyderabad, Azizi family of Lucknow and Sharifi family of Delhi. At present Greek system of medicine has now been regarded and recognized as one of the Indian systems of medicine and forms an integral part of national healthcare delivery system (P. Siddiqui, 2009). How to cite this article:Ashraf SMS. Greek (Unani) Aspect of Preventive & Social Medicine. J Integ Comm Health 2019; 8(1): 13-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201903
{"title":"Greek (Unani) Aspect of Preventive & Social Medicine","authors":"S M Safdar Ashraf","doi":"10.24321/2319.9113.201903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201903","url":null,"abstract":"There are number of systems of medicine prevailing in this world. The Greek (Unani) system of Medicine is one of them. The classic period of Greek Medicine was from 460-136 BC. The medieval period to which Greek medicine belong is 500-1500 AD. The golden period of Greek medicine is considered from 800 to 1300 AD (Park K, 2011) Greek medicine was reintroduced in 1351 AD by Arabs. Athens which was learning centre shifted to Alexandria as Arab - Persian medicine. It flourished in India under the patronage of Mughal Emperors, suffered a setback during the British rule but soon regained its momentum by endless efforts of Nizam of Hyderabad, Azizi family of Lucknow and Sharifi family of Delhi. At present Greek system of medicine has now been regarded and recognized as one of the Indian systems of medicine and forms an integral part of national healthcare delivery system (P. Siddiqui, 2009).\u0000How to cite this article:Ashraf SMS. Greek (Unani) Aspect of Preventive & Social Medicine. J Integ Comm Health 2019; 8(1): 13-20.\u0000DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.201903","PeriodicalId":269901,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Community Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124513914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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