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2022 48th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)最新文献

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Message from the SEAA 2022 Program Co-Chairs SEAA 2022项目联合主席致辞
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/seaa56994.2022.00006
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引用次数: 0
Have Java Production Methods Co-Evolved With Test Methods Properly?: A Fine-Grained Repository-Based Co-Evolution Analysis Java生产方法是否与测试方法共同发展?:基于存储库的细粒度协同进化分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00027
Tenma Kitai, Hirohisa Aman, S. Amasaki, Tomoyuki Yokogawa, Minoru Kawahara
Any source code of a software product (production code) is expected to be tested to ensure its correct behavior. Whenever a developer updates production code, the developer should also update or create the corresponding test code to check if the updated parts still work correctly. Such a desirable co-evolution relationship between production and test code forms a logical coupling. Although the logical coupling is detectable through an association analysis on the code repository such as Git, the detection granularity is coarse because the conventional repository is at the file level. For observing those logical couplings as precisely as possible, this paper utilizes the finer-grained, Java method-level repository (FinerGit). Then the paper proposes a metric measuring the extent to which a production method has co-evolved with test methods and conducts a case study using ten open-source projects. The results show that most Java methods (98% on average) have co-evolved with test methods, but some have not; The proposed metric helps detect those methods having the potential risk that the developers might not test adequately.
软件产品的任何源代码(产品代码)都需要经过测试以确保其正确的行为。每当开发人员更新产品代码时,开发人员也应该更新或创建相应的测试代码,以检查更新的部分是否仍然正常工作。生产代码和测试代码之间的这种理想的共同演化关系形成了逻辑耦合。尽管可以通过对代码存储库(如Git)的关联分析来检测逻辑耦合,但是检测粒度很粗,因为传统的存储库是在文件级别。为了尽可能精确地观察这些逻辑耦合,本文利用了细粒度的Java方法级存储库(FinerGit)。然后,本文提出了一个度量生产方法与测试方法共同发展程度的度量标准,并使用十个开源项目进行了案例研究。结果表明,大多数Java方法(平均98%)与测试方法共同进化,但有些方法没有;建议的度量有助于检测那些具有开发人员可能没有充分测试的潜在风险的方法。
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引用次数: 0
An 80-20 Analysis of Buggy and Non-buggy Refactorings in Open-Source Commits 开源提交中有bug和无bug重构的80-20分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00038
S. Counsell, Vesna Nowack, T. Hall, David Bowes, Saemundur O. Haraldsson, E. Winter, J. Woodward
In this short paper, we explore the Pareto principle, sometimes known as the “80-20” rule as part of the refactoring process. We explore five frequently applied refactorings, namely extract method, extract variable, rename variable, rename method and change variable type from a data set of forty open-source systems and nearly two hundred thousand refactorings. We address two key research questions. Firstly, do 80% of “buggy” refactorings (where a refactoring has induced a bug fix) arise from just 20% of commits and, secondly, does the same rule apply to “non-buggy” refactorings when applied to the same systems? To facilitate our analysis, we used refactoring and bug data from a study by Di Penta et al. Results showed that refactorings inducing bugs were clustered around a more concentrated set of commits than refactorings that did not induce bugs. One refactoring ‘change variable type’ stood out - it almost conformed to an 80-20 rule. The take-away message is, as the saying goes, that too much of a “good” thing [refactoring] could actually be a “bad” thing.
在这篇短文中,我们探讨了Pareto原则,有时也被称为“80-20”规则,作为重构过程的一部分。我们从40个开源系统和近20万次重构的数据集中探索了五种常用的重构方法,即提取方法、提取变量、重命名变量、重命名方法和更改变量类型。我们解决两个关键的研究问题。首先,80%的“有bug的”重构(重构导致了bug修复)是否来自20%的提交?其次,同样的规则是否适用于同样的系统的“无bug的”重构?为了便于分析,我们使用了来自Di Penta等人研究的重构和bug数据。结果表明,与不引起bug的重构相比,引起bug的重构更集中在一组提交上。其中一个重构“改变变量类型”很突出——它几乎符合二八法则。正如俗话所说,这里传递的信息是,过多的“好”事情(重构)实际上可能是一件“坏”事情。
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引用次数: 0
Web-Based Tracing for Model-Driven Applications 模型驱动应用程序的基于web的跟踪
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00066
J. C. Kirchhof, Lukas Malcher, Judith Michael, Bernhard Rumpe, A. Wortmann
Logging still is a core functionality used to understand the behavior of programs and executable models. Yet, modeling languages rarely consider logging as a first-level activity that is manifested in the language through modeling elements or their behavior. When logging is part of the code generated for the respective models or the corresponding runtime environment only, it must be generic, as the modeler cannot influence, through the models, what and when logging takes place. To enable modelers to log model behavior, we devised a method based on language extension and smart code generation that can integrate logging into arbitrary textual modeling languages. Based on this method, log entries can be produced, traced, and presented through a web application. This method and its infrastructure can facilitate lifting logging to the model level and, hence, improve the understanding of executable models.
日志记录仍然是用于理解程序和可执行模型行为的核心功能。然而,建模语言很少将日志记录视为通过建模元素或其行为在语言中表现出来的一级活动。当日志记录只是为各自的模型或相应的运行时环境生成的代码的一部分时,它必须是通用的,因为建模者不能通过模型影响日志记录发生的内容和时间。为了使建模者能够记录模型行为,我们设计了一种基于语言扩展和智能代码生成的方法,可以将日志记录集成到任意文本建模语言中。基于这种方法,可以通过web应用程序生成、跟踪和呈现日志条目。这种方法及其基础结构可以促进将日志记录提升到模型级别,从而提高对可执行模型的理解。
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引用次数: 1
A Preliminary Conceptualization and Analysis on Automated Static Analysis Tools for Vulnerability Detection in Android Apps Android应用程序漏洞检测自动化静态分析工具的初步构想与分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00039
Giammaria Giordano, Fabio Palomba, F. Ferrucci
The availability of dependable mobile apps is a crucial need for over three billion people who use apps daily for any social and emergency connectivity. A key challenge for mobile developers concerns the detection of security-related issues. While a number of tools have been proposed over the years—especially for the ANDROID operating system—we point out a lack of empirical investigations on the actual support provided by these tools; these might guide developers in selecting the most appropriate instruments to improve their apps. In this paper, we propose a preliminary conceptualization of the vulnerabilities detected by three automated static analysis tools such as ANDROBUGS2, TRUESEEING, and INSIDER. We first derive a taxonomy of the issues detectable by the tools. Then, we run the tools against a dataset composed of 6,500 ANDROID apps to investigate their detection capabilities in terms of frequency of detection of vulnerabilities and complementarity among tools. Key findings of the study show that current tools identify similar concerns, but they use different naming conventions. Perhaps more importantly, the tools only partially cover the most common vulnerabilities classified by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Foundation.
对于每天使用应用程序进行任何社交和紧急连接的30多亿人来说,可靠的移动应用程序的可用性是一个至关重要的需求。手机开发者面临的一个关键挑战是检测与安全相关的问题。虽然多年来已经提出了许多工具,特别是针对ANDROID操作系统,但我们指出缺乏对这些工具提供的实际支持的实证调查;这些可能会指导开发人员选择最合适的工具来改进他们的应用。在本文中,我们对ANDROBUGS2、TRUESEEING和INSIDER这三种自动化静态分析工具检测到的漏洞进行了初步的概念化。我们首先推导出可由工具检测到的问题的分类。然后,我们对由6500个ANDROID应用程序组成的数据集运行这些工具,以调查它们在漏洞检测频率和工具之间的互补性方面的检测能力。该研究的主要发现表明,当前的工具识别了类似的问题,但它们使用了不同的命名约定。也许更重要的是,这些工具只部分覆盖了开放Web应用程序安全项目基金会(OWASP)分类的最常见的漏洞。
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引用次数: 0
Automotive Service-oriented Architectures: a Systematic Mapping Study 汽车面向服务的体系结构:系统映射研究
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00077
Nemanja Kukulicic, Damjan Samardzic, Alessio Bucaioni, S. Mubeen
Service-oriented architectures are emerging as a promising solution to deal with the increasing complexity of automotive software systems. In this paper, we conduct a systematic mapping study to investigate the use of service-oriented architecture for the development of automotive software systems. This study aims at providing publication trends, available architectural solutions, core benefits and open challenges in the automotive service-oriented architectures. From an initial set of 341 peer-reviewed publications, we select 28 primary studies, which are classified and analysed using a systematic and comprehensive protocol. Using the extracted data, we provide both quantitative and qualitative analyses using vertical and orthogonal analysis. The results indicate that there has been a significant increase in the number of publications recently, and that the studies focused on defining functionalities and data flows among them. Functional suitability is found to be the most recognised benefit while security, safety and reliability are the most addressed challenges when utilising service-oriented architectures in the automotive domain.
面向服务的体系结构作为一种很有前途的解决方案正在出现,以处理日益复杂的汽车软件系统。在本文中,我们进行了系统的映射研究,以调查面向服务的体系结构在汽车软件系统开发中的使用。本研究旨在提供面向服务的汽车体系结构的出版趋势、可用的体系结构解决方案、核心利益和开放挑战。从最初的341份同行评议的出版物中,我们选择了28项主要研究,并使用系统和全面的协议对其进行分类和分析。利用提取的数据,我们使用垂直和正交分析进行定量和定性分析。结果表明,最近出版物的数量有了显著的增加,研究的重点是确定它们之间的功能和数据流。在汽车领域使用面向服务的体系结构时,功能适用性是最公认的优势,而安全性、安全性和可靠性是最需要解决的挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Exploiting dynamic analysis for architectural smell detection: a preliminary study 利用动态分析进行建筑气味检测的初步研究
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00051
Ilaria Pigazzini, D. D. Nucci, F. Fontana, Marco Belotti
Architectural anomalies, also known as architectural smells, represent the violation of design principles or decisions that impact internal software qualities with significant negative effects on maintenance, evolution costs and technical debt. Architectural smells, if early removed, have an overall impact on reducing a possible progressive architectural erosion and architectural debt. Some tools have been proposed for their detection, exploiting different methods, usually based only on static analysis. This work analyzes how dynamic analysis can be exploited to detect architectural smells. We focus on two smells, Hub-Like Dependency and Cyclic Dependency, and we extend an existing tool integrating dynamic analysis. We conduct an empirical study on ten projects. We compare the results obtained comparing a method featuring dynamic analysis and the original version of Arcan based only on static analysis to understand if dynamic analysis can be successfully used. The results show that dynamic analysis helps identify missing architectural smells instances, although its usage is hindered by the lack of test suites suitable for this scope.
架构异常,也称为架构气味,代表了对设计原则或决策的违反,这些原则或决策影响了内部软件质量,对维护、发展成本和技术债务产生了重大的负面影响。如果尽早消除体系结构气味,将对减少可能的渐进式体系结构侵蚀和体系结构债务产生总体影响。已经提出了一些工具来检测它们,利用不同的方法,通常只基于静态分析。这项工作分析了如何利用动态分析来检测架构气味。我们专注于两种气味,类中心依赖和循环依赖,并且我们扩展了集成动态分析的现有工具。我们对十个项目进行了实证研究。我们将动态分析方法与仅基于静态分析的Arcan原始版本的结果进行比较,以了解动态分析是否可以成功地使用。结果表明,动态分析有助于识别缺失的体系结构气味实例,尽管它的使用受到缺乏适合此范围的测试套件的阻碍。
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引用次数: 0
Quantifying TD Interest: Are we Getting Closer, or Not Even That? 量化TD利息:我们离目标越来越近了吗?
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00050
Elvira-Maria Arvanitou, Pigi Argyriadou, Georgia Koutsou, Apostolos Ampatzoglou, A. Chatzigeorgiou
Despite the attention that Technical Debt has attracted over the last years, the quantification of TD Interest still remains rather vague (and abstract). TD Interest quantification is hindered by various factors that introduce a lot of uncertainty, such as: identifying the parts of the system that will be maintained, quantifying the load of maintenance, as well as the size of the maintenance penalty, due to the existence of TD. In this study, we aim to shed light on the current approaches for quantifying TD Interest by exploring existing literature within the TD and Maintenance communities. To achieve this goal, we performed a systematic mapping study on Scopus and explored: (a) the existing approaches for quantifying TD Interest; (b) the existing approaches for estimating Maintenance Cost; and (c) the factors that must be taken into account for their quantification. The broad search process has returned more than 1,000 articles, out of which only 25 provide well-defined mathematical formulas/ equations for the quantification of TD Interest or Maintenance Cost (only 6 of them are explicitly for TD Interest). The results suggest that despite their similarities, the quantification of TD Interest presents additional challenges compared to Maintenance Cost Estimation, constituting (at least for the time being) the accurate quantification of TD Interest an open and distant to solve research problem. Regarding the factors that need to be considered for such an endeavor, based on the literature: size, complexity, and business parameters are those that are more actively associated to TD Interest quantification.
尽管技术债务在过去几年中引起了人们的关注,但TD利息的量化仍然相当模糊(和抽象)。由于TD的存在,TD利益量化受到各种因素的阻碍,这些因素引入了很多不确定性,例如:识别将要维护的系统部分,量化维护的负载,以及维护惩罚的大小。在这项研究中,我们的目标是通过探索TD和维护社区的现有文献来阐明当前量化TD兴趣的方法。为了实现这一目标,我们对Scopus进行了系统的测绘研究,并探讨了:(a)现有的量化TD兴趣的方法;(二)现时估算维修成本的方法;(c)量化时必须考虑的因素。在广泛的检索过程中,检索到超过1,000篇文章,其中只有25篇文章提供了明确的数学公式/方程式来量化TD利息或维持成本(其中只有6篇文章明确表示TD利息)。结果表明,尽管两者有相似之处,但与维护成本估算相比,输配电利息的量化面临着额外的挑战,(至少目前)对输配电利息的准确量化构成了一个开放和遥远的研究问题。关于这种努力需要考虑的因素,根据文献:规模、复杂性和业务参数是那些与TD利益量化更积极相关的因素。
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引用次数: 1
EMMM: A Unified Meta-Model for Tracking Machine Learning Experiments EMMM:跟踪机器学习实验的统一元模型
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00016
S. Idowu, D. Strüber, T. Berger
Traditional software engineering tools for managing assets—specifically, version control systems—are inadequate to manage the variety of asset types used in machine-learning model development experiments. Two possible paths to improve the management of machine learning assets include 1) Adopting dedicated machine-learning experiment management tools, which are gaining popularity for supporting concerns such as versioning, traceability, auditability, collaboration, and reproducibility; 2) Developing new and improved version control tools with support for domain-specific operations tailored to machine learning assets. As a contribution to improving asset management on both paths, this work presents Experiment Management Meta-Model (EMMM), a meta-model that unifies the conceptual structures and relationships extracted from systematically selected machine-learning experiment management tools. We explain the meta-model’s concepts and relationships and evaluate it using real experiment data. The proposed meta-model is based on the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) with its meta-modeling language, Ecore, to encode model structures. Our meta-model can be used as a concrete blueprint for practitioners and researchers to improve existing tools and develop new tools with native support for machine-learning-specific assets and operations.
用于管理资产的传统软件工程工具——特别是版本控制系统——不足以管理机器学习模型开发实验中使用的各种资产类型。改善机器学习资产管理的两种可能途径包括:1)采用专用的机器学习实验管理工具,这些工具在支持诸如版本控制、可追溯性、可审计性、协作和可再现性等问题方面越来越受欢迎;2)开发新的和改进的版本控制工具,支持针对机器学习资产定制的特定领域操作。作为对改善这两条路径上的资产管理的贡献,本工作提出了实验管理元模型(EMMM),这是一个元模型,它统一了从系统选择的机器学习实验管理工具中提取的概念结构和关系。我们解释了元模型的概念和关系,并用实际实验数据对其进行了评价。提出的元模型基于Eclipse建模框架(EMF)及其元建模语言Ecore,用于对模型结构进行编码。我们的元模型可以作为从业者和研究人员的具体蓝图,用于改进现有工具并开发具有本机支持机器学习特定资产和操作的新工具。
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引用次数: 2
KennyRiMr: An Eclipse Plug-in to Improve Correctness of Rename Method Refactoring in Java KennyRiMr:一个提高Java中Rename方法重构正确性的Eclipse插件
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SEAA56994.2022.00026
Kathryn Kenny, Jongwook Kim, Eric Lacker
Rename Instance Method Refactoring (RiMr) is a behavior-preserving code transformation that changes the name of a non-static method declaration along with its references (i.e., method calls) while preserving all method bindings over an entire program. RiMr checks a set of preconditions to ensure that the original method bindings will be preserved after rename. Only when all preconditions are satisfied, are the method declaration and references transformed. A decade ago, however, it was found that RiMr offered by Java Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tools may change existing method bindings due to incorrect precondition checks, which consequently cause program behavior changes. Surprisingly, we found that none of the current Java IDEs have corrected those flaws in their RiMr preconditions.We created a Java RiMr tool (called KennyRiMr) as an Eclipse JDT plug-in that addresses the method rebinding issues in RiMr. We verified the correctness of KennyRiMr with thirteen nontrivial programs in terms of precondition checks and code transformations. Our experiments demonstrated that KennyRiMr fixed all known flaws in RiMr preconditions, requiring merely a few more seconds to process the additional precondition checks that we introduced. With KennyRiMr, correctness remains consistent regardless of program size.
Rename Instance Method Refactoring (RiMr)是一种保留行为的代码转换,它改变非静态方法声明的名称及其引用(即方法调用),同时保留整个程序上的所有方法绑定。RiMr检查一组前提条件,以确保在重命名之后保留原始方法绑定。只有当所有前提条件都满足时,才会转换方法声明和引用。然而,十年前,人们发现Java集成开发环境(IDE)工具提供的RiMr可能会由于不正确的前提条件检查而更改现有的方法绑定,从而导致程序行为更改。令人惊讶的是,我们发现当前的Java ide都没有纠正它们的RiMr前提条件中的这些缺陷。我们创建了一个Java RiMr工具(称为KennyRiMr)作为Eclipse JDT插件,用于解决RiMr中的方法重新绑定问题。我们在前提条件检查和代码转换方面用13个非平凡的程序验证了KennyRiMr的正确性。我们的实验证明KennyRiMr修复了RiMr前提条件中所有已知的缺陷,只需要几秒钟来处理我们引入的额外的前提条件检查。使用KennyRiMr,无论程序大小如何,正确性都保持一致。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 48th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)
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