Background. Emphysema, commonly seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), worsens the course of chronic cardiovascular and endocrine diseases and is also associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Although the evaluation of COPD incidence is applied systematically, the prevalence of emphysema is often not known. One of the ways to offset that is automated analysis of chest CT scans using artificial intelligence technologies. Goal. To study the prevalence of emphysema in the population of Moscow using automated analysis of radiological examinations. Methods. The results of the chest CT scan of 116,216 patients were analyzed. All studies were performed between October 2022 and June 2023 in Moscow medical facilities. The Emphysema-IRA AI service (Intelligent Radiology Assistance Laboratories (AIRA Labs) LLC) used an automated mode to determine the presence of emphysematous changes in the lungs (binary classification – yes/no) and the percentage of emphysematous lesions in both lungs and each lung separately. Results. The prevalence of pulmonary emphysema among the Moscow population was 0.614 per 1,000 people; the prevalence of clinically significant emphysema was 0.173 per 1,000 people. The majority of individuals presented with either pulmonary or clinically significant emphysema in CT belong to the elderly group (47.0% and 55.0%, respectively); the proportion of young people is also significant (9.0% and 5.0%). Men of all age groups have a significantly higher chance to get diagnosed with emphysema which suggests a higher incidence compared to the female population (Chi-square = 1000.0; p<0.001). Regardless of gender, a 5-year increase in age elevates the likelihood of both emphysema and clinically significant emphysema by 1.1 times. Conclusions. Automated detection of signs of pulmonary emphysema on CT allows for a quick, population-wide, and objective assessment of the COPD prevalence. Thanks to the development of AI-based medical software, it has become possible to develop and implement ground-breaking digital technologies for healthcare management and public health studies.
背景。肺气肿常见于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者，可恶化慢性心血管和内分泌疾病的病程，并与肺癌风险增加有关。虽然COPD发病率的评估被系统地应用，但肺气肿的患病率往往是未知的。解决这一问题的方法之一是使用人工智能技术对胸部CT扫描进行自动分析。的目标。利用放射检查的自动分析研究莫斯科人群中肺气肿的患病率。方法。本文对116216例患者的胸部CT扫描结果进行了分析。所有研究均于2022年10月至2023年6月期间在莫斯科医疗设施进行。em气肿- ira AI服务(智能放射辅助实验室(AIRA Labs) LLC)使用自动化模式来确定肺部是否存在肺气肿变化(二元分类-是/否)以及双肺和单肺肺气肿病变的百分比。结果。莫斯科人口中肺气肿的患病率为每1000人中0.614人;临床显著性肺气肿患病率为0.173‰。CT表现为肺气肿或有临床意义的肺气肿的患者多数为老年人(分别为47.0%和55.0%);年轻人的比例也很显著(9.0%和5.0%)。所有年龄组的男性被诊断为肺气肿的几率都明显高于女性，这表明与女性人群相比，男性的发病率更高(χ 2 = 1000.0;术中,0.001)。不论性别，5年的年龄增长会使患肺气肿和有临床意义的肺气肿的可能性增加1.1倍。结论。在CT上自动检测肺气肿体征，可以快速、全面、客观地评估COPD的患病率。由于基于人工智能的医疗软件的发展，已经有可能开发和实施突破性的数字技术，用于医疗保健管理和公共卫生研究。
{"title":"Study of emphysematous changes in the population of Moscow using automated evaluation of radiological examinations.","authors":"Y.A. Vasilev, I.V. Goncharova, A.V. Vladzymyrskyy, K.M. Arzamasov, L.D. Pestrenin","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-23-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-23-36","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Emphysema, commonly seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), worsens the course of chronic cardiovascular and endocrine diseases and is also associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Although the evaluation of COPD incidence is applied systematically, the prevalence of emphysema is often not known. One of the ways to offset that is automated analysis of chest CT scans using artificial intelligence technologies. Goal. To study the prevalence of emphysema in the population of Moscow using automated analysis of radiological examinations. Methods. The results of the chest CT scan of 116,216 patients were analyzed. All studies were performed between October 2022 and June 2023 in Moscow medical facilities. The Emphysema-IRA AI service (Intelligent Radiology Assistance Laboratories (AIRA Labs) LLC) used an automated mode to determine the presence of emphysematous changes in the lungs (binary classification – yes/no) and the percentage of emphysematous lesions in both lungs and each lung separately. Results. The prevalence of pulmonary emphysema among the Moscow population was 0.614 per 1,000 people; the prevalence of clinically significant emphysema was 0.173 per 1,000 people. The majority of individuals presented with either pulmonary or clinically significant emphysema in CT belong to the elderly group (47.0% and 55.0%, respectively); the proportion of young people is also significant (9.0% and 5.0%). Men of all age groups have a significantly higher chance to get diagnosed with emphysema which suggests a higher incidence compared to the female population (Chi-square = 1000.0; p<0.001). Regardless of gender, a 5-year increase in age elevates the likelihood of both emphysema and clinically significant emphysema by 1.1 times. Conclusions. Automated detection of signs of pulmonary emphysema on CT allows for a quick, population-wide, and objective assessment of the COPD prevalence. Thanks to the development of AI-based medical software, it has become possible to develop and implement ground-breaking digital technologies for healthcare management and public health studies.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-34-41
M. V. Tchikovskaya, D. G. Gubin, A.Yu. Moshkina, M.E. Martirosyan, I.I. Tchikovskaya, Zh.V. Kuimova, E. V. Anisiforova, D. A. Elfimov, A. P. Gerasimova, V. V. Epreva
Introduction. Currently, the demographic situation is characterized by a serious increase in the aging of the population. Life expectancy is an important indicator that determines the level of public health and socio-economic development of the country, which depends on a number of biological and social factors. Geriatric patients are a category of people in need of medical and social assistance. Much has been done in the Russian Federation to improve the quality of life of older people in order to increase life expectancy. Active longevity is an important aspect of the health and social services system. The aim is to study the medical and social problems of geriatric patients in the historical aspect. Materials and methods. The analysis of Russian-language and English-language literature of domestic and foreign authors was carried out in order to verify the medical and social problems of the elderly and determine methods for helping this category of patients. PRISMA data was used to compile the review. Results. Based on the analysis of scientific literature materials, 3 categories of problems in geriatric patients were identified: decreased mental and physical abilities; geriatric syndromes; support for caregivers. Based on these categories, the following subcategories were identified: Decreased mental and physical abilities (loss of mobility; malnutrition; visual impairment; hearing impairment; cognitive impairment; symptoms of depression); geriatric syndromes: (urinary incontinence; risk of falls); support for caregivers. Discussions. The main goal of public health according to the WHO concept of healthy aging is to maintain functioning throughout the life cycle. Taking measures at an early stage plays a crucial role, since the process of senile decrepitude or dependence on outside help can be delayed, slowed down or even partially reversed if appropriate measures are taken at an early stage of reduced functionality. Conclusions. Geriatric patients are a serious medical and social problem that should be solved by: medical workers, government officials, psychologists, social services, volunteers, scientists, relatives of patients.
{"title":"Medical and social problems of geriatrics patients.","authors":"M. V. Tchikovskaya, D. G. Gubin, A.Yu. Moshkina, M.E. Martirosyan, I.I. Tchikovskaya, Zh.V. Kuimova, E. V. Anisiforova, D. A. Elfimov, A. P. Gerasimova, V. V. Epreva","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-34-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-34-41","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Currently, the demographic situation is characterized by a serious increase in the aging of the population. Life expectancy is an important indicator that determines the level of public health and socio-economic development of the country, which depends on a number of biological and social factors. Geriatric patients are a category of people in need of medical and social assistance. Much has been done in the Russian Federation to improve the quality of life of older people in order to increase life expectancy. Active longevity is an important aspect of the health and social services system. The aim is to study the medical and social problems of geriatric patients in the historical aspect. Materials and methods. The analysis of Russian-language and English-language literature of domestic and foreign authors was carried out in order to verify the medical and social problems of the elderly and determine methods for helping this category of patients. PRISMA data was used to compile the review. Results. Based on the analysis of scientific literature materials, 3 categories of problems in geriatric patients were identified: decreased mental and physical abilities; geriatric syndromes; support for caregivers. Based on these categories, the following subcategories were identified: Decreased mental and physical abilities (loss of mobility; malnutrition; visual impairment; hearing impairment; cognitive impairment; symptoms of depression); geriatric syndromes: (urinary incontinence; risk of falls); support for caregivers. Discussions. The main goal of public health according to the WHO concept of healthy aging is to maintain functioning throughout the life cycle. Taking measures at an early stage plays a crucial role, since the process of senile decrepitude or dependence on outside help can be delayed, slowed down or even partially reversed if appropriate measures are taken at an early stage of reduced functionality. Conclusions. Geriatric patients are a serious medical and social problem that should be solved by: medical workers, government officials, psychologists, social services, volunteers, scientists, relatives of patients.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136248136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-11-17
A. V. Starshinin, A. S. Bezymyanny, V. M. Grinin, E. N. Mingazova
During the implementation of the program, up-to-date data were obtained on the state of the cardiovascular system, the main risk factors for stroke, especially among middle-aged able-bodied people who had a new coronavirus infection COVID‑19. An assessment was made of the dynamics of populations undergoing preventive examinations in the format of field medical care, the most common diseases, including pathologies of the BCA. A database has been created for long-term monitoring of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the population and the prevention of BCA pathologies and stroke. The routing of patients with BCA pathologies was developed based on the analysis of many years of practical experience in providing specialized medical care to patients with pathology of the precerebral arteries in medical organizations of the Moscow public health system. Routing of patients within the framework of this project, based on a specially developed methodology, an integrated approach to treatment with preliminary training of medical personnel in the ultrasound technique for measuring carotid artery stenosis according to the European ECST scale, a clear algorithm and mechanisms for working with patients within the framework of intersectoral activities, allows to reduce the incidence of stroke and mortality. Successful strategies to expand screening of patients with BCA pathology implemented in the «Healthy Moscow» project require further study to evaluate the effectiveness of specific stroke prevention mechanisms.
{"title":"The need to observe an individual approach when routing patients with atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries in the framework of the «Healthy Moscow» project.","authors":"A. V. Starshinin, A. S. Bezymyanny, V. M. Grinin, E. N. Mingazova","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-11-17","url":null,"abstract":"During the implementation of the program, up-to-date data were obtained on the state of the cardiovascular system, the main risk factors for stroke, especially among middle-aged able-bodied people who had a new coronavirus infection COVID‑19. An assessment was made of the dynamics of populations undergoing preventive examinations in the format of field medical care, the most common diseases, including pathologies of the BCA. A database has been created for long-term monitoring of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the population and the prevention of BCA pathologies and stroke. The routing of patients with BCA pathologies was developed based on the analysis of many years of practical experience in providing specialized medical care to patients with pathology of the precerebral arteries in medical organizations of the Moscow public health system. Routing of patients within the framework of this project, based on a specially developed methodology, an integrated approach to treatment with preliminary training of medical personnel in the ultrasound technique for measuring carotid artery stenosis according to the European ECST scale, a clear algorithm and mechanisms for working with patients within the framework of intersectoral activities, allows to reduce the incidence of stroke and mortality. Successful strategies to expand screening of patients with BCA pathology implemented in the «Healthy Moscow» project require further study to evaluate the effectiveness of specific stroke prevention mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-11-18
O. A. Latukha, I. M. Son, Y. I. Bravve, A. V. Kalinichenko, Y. V. Khmelnitskaya, V. M. Chernyshev, K. S. Tolstova
Currently, strategic planning is the basis of the activities of many healthcare organizations. Building strategic goals and objectives structures the action plan and allows you to determine the degree of importance of the work being carried out relative to the organization’s policies. However, not all management methods and techniques lead to sustainable development of healthcare organizations. To achieve the strategic goals of an organization, an integrated approach is needed, which determined the relevance of this study. Purpose of the study is to determine and the description of an integrated approach to the implementation of strategic objectives in a sustainably developing healthcare organization providing primary health care to the urban population. Materials and methods. The study of the sustainable development of healthcare organizations was carried out from 2012 to 2023, and a sociological study of the opinions of the heads of healthcare organizations implementing a development strategy was carried out from 2012 to 2018. Results. A sociological survey of managers showed that 24,6% of healthcare organizations applying a development strategy do not achieve their indicators within 3 years. To increase the sustainability of the development of healthcare organizations, an integrated approach is required in combination with such management methods as: implementation of a quality management system; implementation of a sustainable development model; implementation of improvements; training staff on a long-term development strategy; analysis of process effectiveness, etc. To implement a sustainable development strategy in the healthcare organization, the following activities were developed and implemented: determining the long-term goals of the healthcare organization; determination of key performance indicators of the organization; identifying key processes to achieve long-term goals of the clinic; identification of key performance indicators for each process; determining the quality and quantity of resources that support key processes; on-the-job training of personnel; monitoring and analysis of key performance indicators; identifying departmental best practices; implementing organizational improvements and innovations; changing long-term goals and key performance indicators based on the internal needs of the organization. In general, over 6 years, the effectiveness of the organization’s strategy and policies increased by 5,9 times. Findings. Thus, to achieve sustainable growth in long-term development indicators, it is necessary not only to formulate strategic performance indicators, but also to ensure their implementation in all divisions of the healthcare organization, including administrative, economic and support services. To this end, it is necessary to involve staff in improving work efficiency through on-the-job training in the best practices for implementing project work to improve the activities of a healthcare organization. This integ
{"title":"Integrated approach to the implementation of strategy in a sustainable developing healthcare organization.","authors":"O. A. Latukha, I. M. Son, Y. I. Bravve, A. V. Kalinichenko, Y. V. Khmelnitskaya, V. M. Chernyshev, K. S. Tolstova","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-11-18","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, strategic planning is the basis of the activities of many healthcare organizations. Building strategic goals and objectives structures the action plan and allows you to determine the degree of importance of the work being carried out relative to the organization’s policies. However, not all management methods and techniques lead to sustainable development of healthcare organizations. To achieve the strategic goals of an organization, an integrated approach is needed, which determined the relevance of this study. Purpose of the study is to determine and the description of an integrated approach to the implementation of strategic objectives in a sustainably developing healthcare organization providing primary health care to the urban population. Materials and methods. The study of the sustainable development of healthcare organizations was carried out from 2012 to 2023, and a sociological study of the opinions of the heads of healthcare organizations implementing a development strategy was carried out from 2012 to 2018. Results. A sociological survey of managers showed that 24,6% of healthcare organizations applying a development strategy do not achieve their indicators within 3 years. To increase the sustainability of the development of healthcare organizations, an integrated approach is required in combination with such management methods as: implementation of a quality management system; implementation of a sustainable development model; implementation of improvements; training staff on a long-term development strategy; analysis of process effectiveness, etc. To implement a sustainable development strategy in the healthcare organization, the following activities were developed and implemented: determining the long-term goals of the healthcare organization; determination of key performance indicators of the organization; identifying key processes to achieve long-term goals of the clinic; identification of key performance indicators for each process; determining the quality and quantity of resources that support key processes; on-the-job training of personnel; monitoring and analysis of key performance indicators; identifying departmental best practices; implementing organizational improvements and innovations; changing long-term goals and key performance indicators based on the internal needs of the organization. In general, over 6 years, the effectiveness of the organization’s strategy and policies increased by 5,9 times. Findings. Thus, to achieve sustainable growth in long-term development indicators, it is necessary not only to formulate strategic performance indicators, but also to ensure their implementation in all divisions of the healthcare organization, including administrative, economic and support services. To this end, it is necessary to involve staff in improving work efficiency through on-the-job training in the best practices for implementing project work to improve the activities of a healthcare organization. This integ","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136247582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-80-87
G. G. Zigangareeva, O. I. Koroleva, D. K. Khusainova
Relevance. At present, the institution of citizens’ appeals is a dynamically developing model of interaction between the population and state and municipal authorities, including medical organizations. In the legislation of the Russian Federation, for the purpose of a comprehensive, timely and objective procedure for considering citizens’ appeals related to receiving medical care, a three-level hierarchy of regulatory legal regulation has been formed. Determination of the officials of the organization, forms and methods of working with appeals, analysis of the results of consideration of citizens’ appeals and the introduction of measures that correct the activities of employees of a medical organization (medical and non-medical personnel), the implementation of organizational and legal changes are an indispensable element of an effective management system of a modern healthcare institution. The purpose of the study: аnalysis of the organization and conduct of work with citizens’ appeals related to obtaining medical care for the adult population in the field of «ophthalmology» in the regional center of the Republic of Tatarstan – the state autonomous healthcare institution «Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Professor E. V. Adamyuk» (GAUZ “RKOB MH RT named after prof. E. V. Adamyuk”), and the development of measures to improve the efficiency of the ophthalmological clinic. Materials and methods. The analysis of modern requirements of normative legal acts of quality control and safety of medical activity has been carried out, the main tools used in conducting external audits in the system of compulsory medical insurance have been systematized. We used mathematical and statistical analytical methods (quantitative, comparative, structural, expert). Results. A routing scheme for citizens’ appeals is presented, taking into account the channels of their receipt, and an algorithm for working with written appeals sent to the regional ophthalmological center of the Republic of Tatarstan. The trend of modern feedback services with applicants is noted, characterized by the active use of new Internet resources, social networks and instant messengers, various mobile applications for registering citizens’ appeals, and «fan» distribution of complaints about the activities of a medical organization. According to the statistics for 2021–2022 in the structure of the reasons for written appeals of the GAUZ “RKOB MH RT named after prof. E. V. Adamyuk” were in the lead in requests for the provision of medical documentation, which amounted to 2021. 45,4%, 2022 – 55,9% of all received applications. In second place were issues related to the organization of medical care, the share of which amounted to 2021 in 2021. 32,5%, in 2022 – 26,3%. Requests for assistance in the provision of medical care were made in 2021. 12,1%, in 2022 – 8,4% of the total considered appeals. Conclusions. Based on the r
{"title":"Algorithm for working with citizens’ appeals: the experience of a regional ophthalmological center.","authors":"G. G. Zigangareeva, O. I. Koroleva, D. K. Khusainova","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-80-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-80-87","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. At present, the institution of citizens’ appeals is a dynamically developing model of interaction between the population and state and municipal authorities, including medical organizations. In the legislation of the Russian Federation, for the purpose of a comprehensive, timely and objective procedure for considering citizens’ appeals related to receiving medical care, a three-level hierarchy of regulatory legal regulation has been formed. Determination of the officials of the organization, forms and methods of working with appeals, analysis of the results of consideration of citizens’ appeals and the introduction of measures that correct the activities of employees of a medical organization (medical and non-medical personnel), the implementation of organizational and legal changes are an indispensable element of an effective management system of a modern healthcare institution. The purpose of the study: аnalysis of the organization and conduct of work with citizens’ appeals related to obtaining medical care for the adult population in the field of «ophthalmology» in the regional center of the Republic of Tatarstan – the state autonomous healthcare institution «Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Professor E. V. Adamyuk» (GAUZ “RKOB MH RT named after prof. E. V. Adamyuk”), and the development of measures to improve the efficiency of the ophthalmological clinic. Materials and methods. The analysis of modern requirements of normative legal acts of quality control and safety of medical activity has been carried out, the main tools used in conducting external audits in the system of compulsory medical insurance have been systematized. We used mathematical and statistical analytical methods (quantitative, comparative, structural, expert). Results. A routing scheme for citizens’ appeals is presented, taking into account the channels of their receipt, and an algorithm for working with written appeals sent to the regional ophthalmological center of the Republic of Tatarstan. The trend of modern feedback services with applicants is noted, characterized by the active use of new Internet resources, social networks and instant messengers, various mobile applications for registering citizens’ appeals, and «fan» distribution of complaints about the activities of a medical organization. According to the statistics for 2021–2022 in the structure of the reasons for written appeals of the GAUZ “RKOB MH RT named after prof. E. V. Adamyuk” were in the lead in requests for the provision of medical documentation, which amounted to 2021. 45,4%, 2022 – 55,9% of all received applications. In second place were issues related to the organization of medical care, the share of which amounted to 2021 in 2021. 32,5%, in 2022 – 26,3%. Requests for assistance in the provision of medical care were made in 2021. 12,1%, in 2022 – 8,4% of the total considered appeals. Conclusions. Based on the r","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-46-51
O. A. Latukha, I. M. Son, Y. I. Bravve, K. S. Tolstova
The development strategy is the most well-known model implemented in various industries, including healthcare. It allows managers to make decisions and focus the efforts of employees on processes that contribute to the achievement of the long-term goals of the organization. However, when conducting a study of management models that affect the sustainable development of healthcare organizations, we received conflicting results. On the one hand, some healthcare organizations implementing the development strategy achieved their results within 3 years or more. On the other hand, 24,6% of healthcare organizations using this concept participated in the study, which did not achieve sustainable growth in indicators. This was the basis for the present study Purpose of the study is to determine and the analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of healthcare organizations implementing a development strategy. Materials and methods. The study of management models for the development of healthcare organizations was carried out in the period from 2012 to 2023 at the Novosibirsk State Medical University. Sociological (n=625) and expert survey (n=286) of heads of healthcare organizations was conducted in the period from 2012 to 2018. Results. 625 heads of healthcare organizations participated in the sociological study. Only 43,4% of respondents used a development strategy in their work. According to the results of the study, healthcare organizations that implement a development strategy in 100% of cases pay special attention to the implementation of an effective strategy. Plan processes in line with the organization’s strategy 34,6% more often than the average of all organizations surveyed. 1,7 times more likely to cooperate with government and scientific organizations to achieve their strategic goals. In the internal policy of the organization, they emphasize the implementation of corrective and preventive measures, and also evaluate mutual cooperation between departments. Findings. The results of the study show that in order to achieve strategic goals, it is necessary to involve all the main activities of a healthcare organization, which gives reason to believe that the development strategy has a positive impact on the effectiveness of the organization as a whole. However, the method under study contributes to increasing the potential for sustainable development of a healthcare organization by only 39%. And a quarter of all the studied organizations that implement a development strategy do not achieve a stable growth of indicators within 3 years. This means that the studied management model can improve the efficiency of the organization only in combination with other approaches.
{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of healthcare organizations implementing the development strategy.","authors":"O. A. Latukha, I. M. Son, Y. I. Bravve, K. S. Tolstova","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-46-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-46-51","url":null,"abstract":"The development strategy is the most well-known model implemented in various industries, including healthcare. It allows managers to make decisions and focus the efforts of employees on processes that contribute to the achievement of the long-term goals of the organization. However, when conducting a study of management models that affect the sustainable development of healthcare organizations, we received conflicting results. On the one hand, some healthcare organizations implementing the development strategy achieved their results within 3 years or more. On the other hand, 24,6% of healthcare organizations using this concept participated in the study, which did not achieve sustainable growth in indicators. This was the basis for the present study Purpose of the study is to determine and the analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of healthcare organizations implementing a development strategy. Materials and methods. The study of management models for the development of healthcare organizations was carried out in the period from 2012 to 2023 at the Novosibirsk State Medical University. Sociological (n=625) and expert survey (n=286) of heads of healthcare organizations was conducted in the period from 2012 to 2018. Results. 625 heads of healthcare organizations participated in the sociological study. Only 43,4% of respondents used a development strategy in their work. According to the results of the study, healthcare organizations that implement a development strategy in 100% of cases pay special attention to the implementation of an effective strategy. Plan processes in line with the organization’s strategy 34,6% more often than the average of all organizations surveyed. 1,7 times more likely to cooperate with government and scientific organizations to achieve their strategic goals. In the internal policy of the organization, they emphasize the implementation of corrective and preventive measures, and also evaluate mutual cooperation between departments. Findings. The results of the study show that in order to achieve strategic goals, it is necessary to involve all the main activities of a healthcare organization, which gives reason to believe that the development strategy has a positive impact on the effectiveness of the organization as a whole. However, the method under study contributes to increasing the potential for sustainable development of a healthcare organization by only 39%. And a quarter of all the studied organizations that implement a development strategy do not achieve a stable growth of indicators within 3 years. This means that the studied management model can improve the efficiency of the organization only in combination with other approaches.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-88-98
D. N. Kokushin, V. V. Sokolova, V. V. Kirilenko, A. A. Zhgulyova, A. N. Kuzmin
The reproductive health of the younger generation is of particular medical and social importance. The state of health of today’s youth, their reproductive potential and attitudes will be reflected in the demographic situation of Russia’s future. To maintain and improve the reproductive health of young people, a whole range of medical measures is being implemented. Of interest is the state of reproductive health of future doctors who receive a comprehensive education in the field of health care and have the highest level of knowledge about risk factors and health-saving technologies. T h e p u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y : to analyze the responses of medical students to assess their reproductive health and commitment to maintaining it. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . An anonymous survey of 460 medical students studying at medical universities in St. Petersburg was conducted (September-October 2022). Methods of analytical and descriptive statistics were used. R e s u l t s . There is a low effectiveness of activities to inform adolescents about sexual education and reproductive health. Most students do not consider their own health as a priority for the coming years, give a low assessment of their physical condition, rarely go in for sports or do not do it at all, every second eats irregularly. A third of young people suffer from acute and chronic extragenital diseases, and every fifth has a pathology of the reproductive system. 72.6% of girls and only 21.4% of boys visit a gynecologist/urologist/andrologist at least once a year, more often for preventive purposes. During sexual intercourse, respondents prefer barrier contraceptives that meet the requirements of availability, reliability and ease of use. C o n c l u s i o n s . When developing strategies for improving and maintaining reproductive health, gender differences, medical and social characteristics and motivation of young people should be taken into account. To improve reproductive health-saving behavior, it is necessary to increase the availability of preventive measures, incl. anonymous counseling.
{"title":"Self-assessment of reproductive health by future doctors.","authors":"D. N. Kokushin, V. V. Sokolova, V. V. Kirilenko, A. A. Zhgulyova, A. N. Kuzmin","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-88-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-88-98","url":null,"abstract":"The reproductive health of the younger generation is of particular medical and social importance. The state of health of today’s youth, their reproductive potential and attitudes will be reflected in the demographic situation of Russia’s future. To maintain and improve the reproductive health of young people, a whole range of medical measures is being implemented. Of interest is the state of reproductive health of future doctors who receive a comprehensive education in the field of health care and have the highest level of knowledge about risk factors and health-saving technologies. T h e p u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y : to analyze the responses of medical students to assess their reproductive health and commitment to maintaining it. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . An anonymous survey of 460 medical students studying at medical universities in St. Petersburg was conducted (September-October 2022). Methods of analytical and descriptive statistics were used. R e s u l t s . There is a low effectiveness of activities to inform adolescents about sexual education and reproductive health. Most students do not consider their own health as a priority for the coming years, give a low assessment of their physical condition, rarely go in for sports or do not do it at all, every second eats irregularly. A third of young people suffer from acute and chronic extragenital diseases, and every fifth has a pathology of the reproductive system. 72.6% of girls and only 21.4% of boys visit a gynecologist/urologist/andrologist at least once a year, more often for preventive purposes. During sexual intercourse, respondents prefer barrier contraceptives that meet the requirements of availability, reliability and ease of use. C o n c l u s i o n s . When developing strategies for improving and maintaining reproductive health, gender differences, medical and social characteristics and motivation of young people should be taken into account. To improve reproductive health-saving behavior, it is necessary to increase the availability of preventive measures, incl. anonymous counseling.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-64-70
Z. R. Alikova, A. E. Mamieva, I. A. Dzhioeva, F. U. Kozyreva
Purpose of the study: to assess the quality of life in terms of the level of physical and functional condition in women of different age groups who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted using the international questionnaire FACT-G and the FACT-B module among women who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer (I–II stages). The study included women (186 people) who underwent a full course of treatment in a hospital, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The respondents were divided into age groups. The share of urban residents was 69,0%, rural – 31,0%. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using the STATISTIKA. Results. The study of the quality of life of patients after surgical treatment for breast cancer on a scale of physical well-being revealed features in different age groups. Significant differences were noted on physical scales. With increasing age, there is a significant deterioration in the general physical status and its components. The most pronounced symptoms of negative physical well-being are typical for the age group of 41–50 years. With age (61–70 years and older), symptoms such as weakness began to appear (in 58,3% of respondents). More than 90% of women in this age group indicated that, due to their physical condition, it is difficult for them to help their family. With increasing age, the functional state of the organism of the respondents is characterized by a pronounced negative attitude towards life’s pleasures. The symmetrical distribution of positive and negative answers among middle-aged respondents indicates the functional instability of women. There were no significant differences in the physical and functional state of respondents from urban and rural residents. Conclusion. The complex of medical, social and psychological problems that lead to a deterioration in the quality of life of women who have undergone surgical treatment for breast cancer requires a comprehensive medical and social approach to the rehabilitation of this contingent, involving the participation of various specialists from medical organizations, as well as society and, of course, the family. Conclusions. It is necessary to monitor the quality of life of women who have undergone radical surgical treatment, not only at the stage of early rehabilitation, but also in subsequent years of life, as well as to dynamically monitor the progress and effectiveness of dispensary observation and rehabilitation of this contingent.
{"title":"Assessment of the quality of life of women of different age groups according to the level of physical and functional state after surgical treatment of breast cancer.","authors":"Z. R. Alikova, A. E. Mamieva, I. A. Dzhioeva, F. U. Kozyreva","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-9-64-70","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study: to assess the quality of life in terms of the level of physical and functional condition in women of different age groups who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted using the international questionnaire FACT-G and the FACT-B module among women who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer (I–II stages). The study included women (186 people) who underwent a full course of treatment in a hospital, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The respondents were divided into age groups. The share of urban residents was 69,0%, rural – 31,0%. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using the STATISTIKA. Results. The study of the quality of life of patients after surgical treatment for breast cancer on a scale of physical well-being revealed features in different age groups. Significant differences were noted on physical scales. With increasing age, there is a significant deterioration in the general physical status and its components. The most pronounced symptoms of negative physical well-being are typical for the age group of 41–50 years. With age (61–70 years and older), symptoms such as weakness began to appear (in 58,3% of respondents). More than 90% of women in this age group indicated that, due to their physical condition, it is difficult for them to help their family. With increasing age, the functional state of the organism of the respondents is characterized by a pronounced negative attitude towards life’s pleasures. The symmetrical distribution of positive and negative answers among middle-aged respondents indicates the functional instability of women. There were no significant differences in the physical and functional state of respondents from urban and rural residents. Conclusion. The complex of medical, social and psychological problems that lead to a deterioration in the quality of life of women who have undergone surgical treatment for breast cancer requires a comprehensive medical and social approach to the rehabilitation of this contingent, involving the participation of various specialists from medical organizations, as well as society and, of course, the family. Conclusions. It is necessary to monitor the quality of life of women who have undergone radical surgical treatment, not only at the stage of early rehabilitation, but also in subsequent years of life, as well as to dynamically monitor the progress and effectiveness of dispensary observation and rehabilitation of this contingent.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-58-64
D. V. Voshev, N. A. Vosheva
Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in digital healthcare, including primary health care, and large language models make a significant contribution to this progress. ChatGPT, the newest language model, has aroused interest in the global community, including in the healthcare sector, and attracted attention to the study of large language models in terms of their usefulness and safety of practical use. This article explores the role of ChatGPT as a tool for improving digital health literacy, assessing its benefits and potential risks in the context of modern healthcare and primary health care. Purpose of the study is to еvaluate the potential benefits and challenges of integrating ChatGPT into the healthcare system, including primary health care, as an element of digital health literacy. Materials and methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Results. In the course of this study, concerns were found about the use of ChatGPT. These concerns include ethical issues, transparency and legal aspects, the risk of bias, misquotes, and information security. Findings. ChatGPT is a valuable tool for improving digital health literacy and its implementation can lead to drastic changes in medical education, research and practical healthcare, but its use should be carried out with caution: the cooperation of regulatory authorities of all countries of the world is required. This approach will make it possible to develop legal norms regulating the code of ethics, which will become the basis for the «responsible» use of ChatGPT and other AI-based models in the field of medical education, scientific research and practical healthcare.
{"title":"Chatgpt as one of the elements of digital health literacy: the transformation of healthcare and primary health care.","authors":"D. V. Voshev, N. A. Vosheva","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-58-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-58-64","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in digital healthcare, including primary health care, and large language models make a significant contribution to this progress. ChatGPT, the newest language model, has aroused interest in the global community, including in the healthcare sector, and attracted attention to the study of large language models in terms of their usefulness and safety of practical use. This article explores the role of ChatGPT as a tool for improving digital health literacy, assessing its benefits and potential risks in the context of modern healthcare and primary health care. Purpose of the study is to еvaluate the potential benefits and challenges of integrating ChatGPT into the healthcare system, including primary health care, as an element of digital health literacy. Materials and methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Results. In the course of this study, concerns were found about the use of ChatGPT. These concerns include ethical issues, transparency and legal aspects, the risk of bias, misquotes, and information security. Findings. ChatGPT is a valuable tool for improving digital health literacy and its implementation can lead to drastic changes in medical education, research and practical healthcare, but its use should be carried out with caution: the cooperation of regulatory authorities of all countries of the world is required. This approach will make it possible to develop legal norms regulating the code of ethics, which will become the basis for the «responsible» use of ChatGPT and other AI-based models in the field of medical education, scientific research and practical healthcare.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136248069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-72-79
V. K. Yuryev, V. V. Sokolova, A. N. Kuzmin
The study showed a high level of incidence of reproductive system diseases in women in St. Petersburg. Most of the nosological forms considered for 2017–2021. had a decreasing trend, except for menstrual disorders and female infertility. The dynamics of the level of primary and general incidence of inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs, menstruation disorders and benign breast dysplasia in St. Petersburg was significantly higher than the national average. Against the background of the COVID‑19 pandemic, in contrast to the regions of the Russian Federation as a whole, in St. Petersburg there was an increase in cases of primary and general incidence of female infertility and a decrease in primary cases of menstrual disorders. The results of the comparative analysis indicate the presence of territorial features in the prevalence of diseases of the reproductive system in St. Petersburg, which must be taken into account when planning government programs for the development of the healthcare system at the regional and federal levels. Objective: to assess the characteristics of the incidence of diseases of the reproductive system of women in a metropolis using the example of St. Petersburg. Materials and methods: An assessment and analysis of indicators of primary and general morbidity of women from 18 to 55 years of age with diseases of the reproductive system was carried out according to official statistical reports and publications of the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Health of Russia in St. Petersburg and in the Russian Federation as a whole in dynamics over 2017–2021.
{"title":"The study showed a high level of incidence of reproductive system diseases in women in St. Petersburg. Most of the nosological forms considered for 2017–2021. had a decreasing trend, except for menstrual disorders and female infertility. The dynamics of the level of primary and general incidence of inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs, menstruation disorders and benign breast dysplasia in St. Petersburg was significantly higher than the national average. Against the background of …","authors":"V. K. Yuryev, V. V. Sokolova, A. N. Kuzmin","doi":"10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-72-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-10-72-79","url":null,"abstract":"The study showed a high level of incidence of reproductive system diseases in women in St. Petersburg. Most of the nosological forms considered for 2017–2021. had a decreasing trend, except for menstrual disorders and female infertility. The dynamics of the level of primary and general incidence of inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs, menstruation disorders and benign breast dysplasia in St. Petersburg was significantly higher than the national average. Against the background of the COVID‑19 pandemic, in contrast to the regions of the Russian Federation as a whole, in St. Petersburg there was an increase in cases of primary and general incidence of female infertility and a decrease in primary cases of menstrual disorders. The results of the comparative analysis indicate the presence of territorial features in the prevalence of diseases of the reproductive system in St. Petersburg, which must be taken into account when planning government programs for the development of the healthcare system at the regional and federal levels. Objective: to assess the characteristics of the incidence of diseases of the reproductive system of women in a metropolis using the example of St. Petersburg. Materials and methods: An assessment and analysis of indicators of primary and general morbidity of women from 18 to 55 years of age with diseases of the reproductive system was carried out according to official statistical reports and publications of the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Health of Russia in St. Petersburg and in the Russian Federation as a whole in dynamics over 2017–2021.","PeriodicalId":270155,"journal":{"name":"Manager Zdravookhranenia","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136248070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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