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Financing strategy of the capital-constrained supply chain under uncertainty: the impact of blockchain technology on the credit period 不确定条件下资金约束供应链的融资策略:区块链技术对信用期的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1108/imds-10-2022-0657
Simin An, Bo Li, Minxue Wang, Wei Zheng
PurposeThis paper explores the effectiveness of using blockchain technology to solve financial constraints faced by small- and medium-sized suppliers in a capital-constrained supply chain.Design/methodology/approachTo characterize the impact of blockchain on credit period and enterprise credit level, the study formulates a newsvendor model to analyze a supply chain in which a financially constrained supplier sells products to a financially sound manufacturer, subject to uncertain demand. The study investigates three repayment methods: the benchmark case without blockchain and two blockchain-enabled cases with the hybrid repayment mode and single repayment mode (SRM), respectively. The study derives and compares the equilibria under each repayment method to characterize their impact.FindingsWhen the bank interest rate is low and the carbon cap is also low, choosing to implement blockchain technology leads to higher profitability for the manufacturer than not utilizing it. Within the framework of blockchain technology, when comparing the two repayment models, the manufacturer exhibits a preference for SRM. Furthermore, under specific conditions of the bank interest rate, blockchain technology can effectively facilitate consensus among supply chain members in terms of channel selection.Practical implicationsThe results derived in this paper provide novel managerial implications to the capital-constrained members in terms of pricing decisions and order quantity under demand uncertainty considering blockchain technology, which transfers the creditor's rights to the bank and shortens the collection time. In addition, blockchain technology enables efficient and intelligent collaborative development of supply chains, which can reduce carbon emissions during the transportation of goods.Originality/valueFew studies incorporate blockchain technology into supply chain finance, and this paper considers the credit period and capital's time value for a capital-constrained supplier facing the adoption of blockchain technology within a stochastic demand environment.
本文探讨了在资金受限的供应链中,使用区块链技术解决中小供应商面临的资金约束的有效性。设计/方法/方法为了描述区块链对信用期和企业信用水平的影响,该研究制定了一个报摊模型来分析供应链,在该供应链中,财务受限的供应商向财务健全的制造商销售产品,但需求不确定。该研究调查了三种还款方式:不使用区块链的基准案例和两种使用混合还款模式和单一还款模式(SRM)的区块链案例。该研究推导并比较了每种还款方式下的均衡,以表征其影响。当银行利率较低且碳上限也较低时,选择实施区块链技术比不使用区块链技术为制造商带来更高的盈利能力。在区块链技术的框架内,当比较两种还款模式时,制造商表现出对SRM的偏好。此外,在特定的银行利率条件下,区块链技术可以有效地促进供应链成员在渠道选择方面的共识。考虑到区块链技术将债权转移给银行并缩短了催收时间,本文的研究结果为需求不确定性下的定价决策和订单数量对资金受限成员的管理提供了新的启示。此外,区块链技术可以实现供应链的高效智能协同发展,从而减少货物运输过程中的碳排放。独创性/价值很少有研究将区块链技术纳入供应链金融,本文考虑了随机需求环境下面临采用区块链技术的资金受限供应商的信用期和资本时间价值。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of carbon neutrality policies on the stock market from a supply chain perspective 供应链视角下碳中和政策对股票市场的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1108/imds-12-2022-0763
Weihua Liu, Yongzheng Gao, Chaolun Yuan, Di Wang, Tang Ou
PurposeThis study explores the impact of carbon neutrality policies on Chinese stock market from a supply chain perspective. Specifically, the carbon policy refers to the Action Plan for Carbon Dioxide Peaking Before 2030 (the Plan) in China.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the resource dependence theory (RDT) and applies the event study methodology to explore the impact. It uses the cross-sectional regression model to reveal the moderating effect of supply chain characteristics on the stock market reaction with a data set of 354 listed companies in A-shares (excluding ChiNext and SME board).FindingsThe promulgation of the Plan shows a significant negative stock market reaction. Customer concentration, out-degree centrality and smart supply chains (SSCs) have a significant negative moderating effect. In-degree centrality and supplier concentration have a significant positive moderating effect. Furthermore, the conclusions concerning out-degree centrality, supplier concentration and SSCs are counterintuitive.Practical implicationsFor policymakers, the study results provide a reference for evaluating the carbon neutrality policy. For managers, this study provides theoretical support for strategically adjusting and designing supply chain structures in the context of advocating peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.Originality/valueThis paper is the first attempt that includes the supply chain structure factors into the impact of carbon neutrality policies on the stock market.
目的从供应链视角探讨碳中和政策对中国股票市场的影响。具体而言,碳政策指的是《中国2030年前二氧化碳峰值控制行动计划》(以下简称《计划》)。设计/方法/途径本文以资源依赖理论(RDT)为基础,运用事件研究方法探讨其影响。本文以a股354家上市公司(不含创业板和中小板)为数据集,采用横截面回归模型揭示供应链特征对股票市场反应的调节作用。调查结果:《计划》的发布显示了股市的显著负面反应。顾客集中度、度外中心性和智能供应链具有显著的负向调节作用。程度中心性和供应商集中度具有显著的正向调节作用。此外,关于外度中心性、供应商集中度和ssc的结论与直觉相反。研究结果为政策制定者评价碳中和政策提供了参考。本研究为管理者在倡导二氧化碳排放峰值和碳中和的背景下战略性地调整和设计供应链结构提供了理论支持。原创性/价值本文首次将供应链结构因素纳入碳中和政策对股票市场的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable supplier selection with multidimensional overlapping criteria under carbon neutrality 碳中和下多维重叠标准的可持续供应商选择
Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1108/imds-02-2023-0119
Y. Chen, W. Chung
PurposeSustainable supplier selection is of vital importance in sustainability decision of supply chain under carbon neutrality. Multi-criteria decision-making approaches are widely used in sustainable supplier selection and generally classified the involved criteria into three sustainable development (SD) dimensions: Environmental, Social and Economic. During the assignment of appropriate weighted scores to the criteria, most of the methods considered mutually exclusive criteria. However, some criteria cover multidimensions since ambiguity vagueness makes them difficult to classify into one dimension exclusively. The purpose of this paper is to find proper approaches addressed to multidimensional overlapping criteria in the evaluation of suppliers’ sustainability performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes three approaches to resolve the multidimensional overlapping criteria issue by data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods. The first approach uses all dimensional criteria and “dimensional overlapping criteria” in a single DEA model. The second approach consists of two-stage DEA. The first stage is to find SD dimensional performances, which are used in the second stage. The third approach uses an aggregate weight-constrained DEA model with additional constraints. Such approaches are applied to an empirical case study with six dimensions.FindingsResults indicate that the third approach is better than the first two approaches in balancing the development among all dimensions instead of focusing on the superiority dimension to obtain high performance.Originality/valueDiscussing overlapping criteria in the context of sustainable supplier evaluation and other multi-criteria evaluation have a noticeable impact on evaluation systems, but appropriate approaches for this issue are currently under-researched.
目的可持续供应商的选择是碳中和下供应链可持续决策的关键。多准则决策方法在可持续供应商选择中被广泛应用,通常将所涉及的标准分为三个可持续发展维度:环境、社会和经济。在为标准分配适当的加权分数时,大多数方法考虑的是互斥的标准。然而,一些标准涵盖了多个维度,因为模糊性使它们难以单独分类到一个维度。本文的目的是寻找合适的方法来解决供应商可持续发展绩效评估中的多维重叠标准。设计/方法/方法本研究提出三种方法来解决数据包络分析(DEA)方法的多维重叠标准问题。第一种方法在单个DEA模型中使用所有维度标准和“维度重叠标准”。第二种方法由两阶段DEA组成。第一阶段是寻找SD维性能,用于第二阶段。第三种方法使用带有附加约束的总权重约束DEA模型。这些方法被应用于六个维度的实证案例研究。结果表明,第三种方法在均衡各维度发展方面优于前两种方法,而不是专注于优势维度以获得高绩效。原创性/价值在可持续供应商评价和其他多标准评价的背景下讨论重叠的标准对评价系统有明显的影响,但目前还没有研究适当的方法来解决这个问题。
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引用次数: 0
The behavioural evolution of the smart electric vehicle battery reverse supply chain under government supervision 政府监管下智能电动汽车电池逆向供应链的行为演化
Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1108/imds-10-2022-0639
Yiling Gao, Ben-gang Gong, Zhi Liu, Juan Tang, Chengfu Wang
PurposeRecycling and reuse of the electric vehicle (EV) batteries are ways to extend their limited lives. If batteries can be traced from production to recycling, it is beneficial for battery recycling and reuse. Using blockchain technology to build a smart EV battery reverse supply chain can solve the difficulties of lack of trust and data. The purpose of this study is to discuss the behavioural evolution of a smart EV battery reverse supply chain under government supervision.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts evolutionary game theory to examine the decision-making behaviours of the government, EV manufacturers with recycled used batteries and third-party EV battery recyclers lacking professional recycling qualification.FindingsOn the smart reverse supply chain integrated by blockchain technology, a cooperative recycling strategy of the third-party EV battery recycler is the optimal choice when the government tends to actively regulate. The probability of the EV manufacturer choosing the blockchain adoption strategy exceeds (below) the threshold, and the government prefers negative (positive) supervision. According to numerical analysis, in the mature stage in the EV battery recycling industry, when the investment cost of applying blockchain is high, EV manufacturers' willingness to apply blockchain slows down, the government accelerates adopting a negative supervision strategy and third-party EV battery recyclers prefer cooperative recycling.Practical implicationsThe results of this study provide opinions on the strength of government supervision and the conditions under which EV manufacturers and third-party EV battery recyclers should apply blockchain and cooperate. On the other hand, this study provides theoretical analysis for promoting the application of blockchain technology in smart reverse supply chain.Originality/valueCompared with previous research, this study reveals the relevance of government supervision, blockchain application and cooperation strategy in smart EV battery reverse supply chain. In the initial stage, even if the subsidy (subsidy reduction rate) and penalty are high and the penalty reduction rate is low, the EV manufacturer should rather give up the application of blockchain technology. In the middle stage in the EV battery recycling industry, the government can set a lower subsidy (subsidy reduction rate) combined with a penalty or a higher penalty (penalty reduction rate) combined with a subsidy to supervise it. The third-party EV battery recycler is advised to cooperate with the EV manufacturer when the subsidy is low or the penalty is high.
电动汽车(EV)电池的回收和再利用是延长其有限寿命的方法。如果能对电池从生产到回收的全过程进行追溯,有利于电池的回收再利用。利用区块链技术构建智能电动汽车电池逆向供应链,可以解决缺乏信任和数据的难题。本研究的目的是讨论政府监管下的智能电动汽车电池逆向供应链的行为演化。本研究采用进化博弈论考察政府、回收废旧电池的电动汽车制造商和缺乏专业回收资质的第三方电动汽车电池回收商的决策行为。发现在区块链技术集成的智能逆向供应链中,当政府倾向于主动监管时,第三方电动汽车电池回收商的合作回收策略是最优选择。电动汽车制造商选择区块链采用策略的概率超过(低于)阈值,政府倾向于负(正)监管。数值分析表明,在电动汽车电池回收行业的成熟阶段,当应用区块链的投资成本较高时,电动汽车制造商应用区块链的意愿放缓,政府加速采取负监管策略,第三方电动汽车电池回收商倾向于合作回收。实践意义本研究结果对政府监管力度以及电动汽车制造商和第三方电动汽车电池回收商应在何种条件下实施区块链并进行合作提出了意见。另一方面,本研究为推动区块链技术在智能逆向供应链中的应用提供理论分析。与以往的研究相比,本研究揭示了政府监管、区块链应用和合作策略在智能电动汽车电池逆向供应链中的相关性。在初始阶段,即使补贴(补贴减免率)和罚款高,罚款减免率低,电动汽车制造商也应该放弃区块链技术的应用。在电动汽车电池回收行业的中期,政府可以设置较低的补贴(补贴减免率)结合罚款或较高的罚款(罚款减免率)结合补贴进行监管。建议第三方电动汽车电池回收商在补贴低或罚款高的情况下与电动汽车制造商合作。
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引用次数: 1
Achieving carbon neutrality with smart supply chain management: a CE imperative for the petroleum industry 通过智能供应链管理实现碳中和:石油行业的CE当务之急
Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1108/imds-11-2022-0726
Abaid Ullah Yousaf, M. Hussain, T. Schoenherr
PurposeWith refineries contributing 68% of CO2 emissions from stationary combustion sources alone, smart technologies and the circular economy (CE) model for resource loop optimization can be a solution for carbon neutrality, especially within petroleum. Thus, this study aims to explore energy conservation by green technology improvement as a CE strategy for resource loop optimization and digital incorporation to maximize reprocessing lead ability rate and carbon-neutral benefits.Design/methodology/approachA game theory approach with Stackelberg equilibrium is considered under government cap-and-trade regulation to stimulate green technology improvement. The refinery acts as a Stackelberg leader and invests in green technology and the retailer as the Stackelberg follower, collects end-of-life lubricants against refund price and offers a two-part-tariff contract to the manufacturer having a significant role in smart technologies.FindingsFirst, green technology improvement is directly influenced by the reprocessing capability and refund price and digital technologies are significant to consider. Second, a two-part-tariff contract coordinates the supply chain for limited reprocessing capability by the retailer. Lastly, the government can effectively manipulate the development of green technology by changing the permit price depending on the intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe primary limitation is this study has focused on the petroleum sector and data was referenced from the oil refineries of a single country.Practical implicationsOverall, this study provides empirical guidance for policymakers on how to leverage energy-efficient smart technologies for lubricant reprocessing, enabling resource optimization as part of a CE strategy in the petroleum industry and advancing sustainable development goals.Originality/valueThe suggested model responds to the contemporary literature related to CO2 emissions and CE initiatives across the petroleum sector with the extended role of smart technologies and government cap-and-trade regulations.
由于炼油厂仅固定燃烧源就贡献了68%的二氧化碳排放,智能技术和资源循环优化的循环经济(CE)模型可以成为碳中和的解决方案,特别是在石油行业。因此,本研究旨在探索通过绿色技术改进节能作为资源循环优化和数字化整合的CE策略,以最大限度地提高再处理铅能力率和碳中和效益。设计/方法/途径在政府总量管制与交易制度下,采用具有Stackelberg均衡的博弈论方法来刺激绿色技术的改进。炼油厂作为Stackelberg的领导者,投资绿色技术,零售商作为Stackelberg的追随者,收取报废润滑油的退款价格,并向在智能技术中发挥重要作用的制造商提供两部分关税合同。研究发现:第一,绿色技术改进直接受到后处理能力、退款价格和数字技术的影响。其次,一个由两部分组成的关税合同在零售商有限的再处理能力下协调供应链。最后,政府可以根据意愿改变许可价格,有效地操纵绿色技术的发展。研究的局限性/影响主要的局限性是本研究的重点是石油部门,数据来自单一国家的炼油厂。总体而言,本研究为政策制定者提供了如何利用节能智能技术进行润滑油后处理的经验指导,使资源优化成为石油行业CE战略的一部分,并推进可持续发展目标。独创性/价值建议的模型通过智能技术和政府限额与交易法规的扩展作用,回应了与石油部门二氧化碳排放和CE倡议相关的当代文献。
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引用次数: 3
Manufacturers' emission reduction investment strategy under carbon cap-and-trade policy and uncertain low-carbon preferences 碳限额与交易政策和不确定低碳偏好下的制造商减排投资策略
Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1108/imds-10-2022-0648
Chunqiu Xu, Fengzhi Liu, Yanjie Zhou, R. Dou, Xuehao Feng, Bo Shen
PurposeThis paper aims to find optimal emission reduction investment strategies for the manufacturer and examine the effects of carbon cap-and-trade policy and uncertain low-carbon preferences on emission reduction investment strategies.Design/methodology/approachThis paper studied a supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer, in which the manufacturer is responsible for emission reduction investment. The manufacturer has two emission reduction investment strategies: (1) invest in traditional emission reduction technologies only in the production process and (2) increase investment in smart supply chain technologies in the use process. Then, three different Stackelberg game models are developed to explore the benefits of the manufacturer in different cases. Finally, this paper coordinates between the manufacturer and the retailer by developing a revenue-sharing contract.FindingsThe manufacturer's optimal emission reduction strategy is dynamic. When consumers' low-carbon preferences are low and the government implements a carbon cap-and-trade policy, the manufacturer can obtain the highest profit by increasing the emission reduction investment in the use process. The carbon cap-and-trade policy can encourage the manufacturer to reduce emissions only when the initial carbon emission is low. The emission reduction, order quantity and the manufacturer's profit increase with the consumers' low-carbon preferences. And the manufacturer can adjust the emission reduction investment according to the emission reduction cost coefficient in two processes.Originality/valueThis paper considers the investment of emission reduction technologies in different processes and provides theoretical guidance for manufacturers to make a low-carbon transformation. Furthermore, the paper provides suggestions for governments to effectively implement carbon cap-and-trade policy.
本文旨在为制造商寻找最优的减排投资策略,并考察碳限额与交易政策和不确定的低碳偏好对减排投资策略的影响。设计/方法/方法本文研究了一个由制造商和零售商组成的供应链,其中制造商负责减排投资。制造商有两种减排投资策略:(1)仅在生产过程中投资传统减排技术;(2)在使用过程中增加对智能供应链技术的投资。然后,建立了三种不同的Stackelberg博弈模型来探讨制造商在不同情况下的利益。最后,本文通过建立收益共享契约来协调制造商和零售商之间的关系。发现制造商的最优减排策略是动态的。当消费者的低碳偏好较低,政府实施碳限额与交易政策时,制造商可以通过增加使用过程中的减排投资来获得最高的利润。碳限额与交易政策只有在初始碳排放量较低的情况下才能鼓励制造商减少排放。随着消费者低碳偏好的增加,企业的减排量、订货量和利润也随之增加。制造商可以根据两种工艺的减排成本系数来调整减排投资。原创性/价值本文考虑了不同过程中减排技术的投入,为制造商进行低碳转型提供了理论指导。此外,本文还为各国政府有效实施碳限额与交易政策提供了建议。
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引用次数: 1
Carbon allowance approach for capital-constrained supply chain under carbon emission allowance repurchase strategy 碳排放配额回购策略下的资本约束供应链碳排放配额方法
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1108/imds-12-2022-0749
Yuyan Wang, Fei Lin, T. Cheng, Fu Jia, Yulin Sun
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate which of the two carbon allowance allocation methods (CAAMs), i.e. grandfathered system carbon allowance allocation (GCAA) and baseline system carbon allowance allocation (BCAA), is more beneficial to capital-constrained supply chains under the carbon emission allowance repurchase strategy (CEARS).Design/methodology/approachAdopting CEARS to ease the capital-constrained supply chains, this study develops two-period game models with manufacturers as leaders and retailers as followers from the perspective of profit and social welfare maximization under two CAAMs (GCAA and BCAA), where the first period produces normal products, and the second period produces low-carbon products.FindingsFirst, higher carbon-saving can better use CEARS and achieve a higher supply chain profit under the two CAAMs. However, the higher the end-of-period carbon price is, the lower the social welfare is. Second, when carbon-saving is small, GCAA achieves both economic and environmental benefits; BCAA reduces carbon emissions at the expense of economic benefit. Third, the supply chain members gain higher profits and social welfare under GCAA, so the government and supply chain members are more inclined to choose GCAA.Originality/valueBy analyzing the profits and total carbon emissions of capital-constrained supply chains under GCAA and BCAA, this study provides theoretical references for retailers and capital-constrained manufacturers. In addition, by comparing the difference in social welfare under GCAA and BCAA, it provides a basis for the government to choose a reasonable CAAM.
本研究的目的是探讨在碳排放配额回购策略(CEARS)下,祖父制度碳配额分配(GCAA)和基线制度碳配额分配(BCAA)两种碳配额分配方法(CAAMs)中,哪一种更有利于资本约束的供应链。设计/方法/方法采用CEARS缓解资金紧张的供应链,从GCAA和BCAA两种caam的利润和社会福利最大化的角度,建立了制造商为领导者,零售商为追随者的两期博弈模型,其中第一期生产正常产品,第二期生产低碳产品。首先,在两种caam下,更高的碳节约可以更好地利用CEARS,实现更高的供应链利润。但期末碳价越高,社会福利越低。第二,当减碳量较小时,GCAA实现了经济效益和环境效益并重;BCAA以经济效益为代价减少碳排放。第三,供应链成员在GCAA下获得了更高的利润和社会福利,因此政府和供应链成员更倾向于选择GCAA。独创性/价值本研究通过分析GCAA和BCAA下资本约束供应链的利润和碳排放总量,为零售商和资本约束制造商提供理论参考。此外,通过比较GCAA与BCAA下的社会福利差异,为政府选择合理的CAAM提供依据。
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引用次数: 0
The optimal carbon emission reduction and advertising strategy with dynamic market share in the supply chain 供应链中具有动态市场份额的最优碳减排和广告策略
Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1108/imds-10-2022-0653
Yongbin Tan, Huini Zhou, Peng Wu, Liling Huang
PurposeAs the quality of the environment decreases, enterprises and consumers' awareness of environmental protection is constantly improving. More and more enterprises begin to increase their investment in carbon emission reduction and attract environmentally friendly consumers to buy low-carbon products through advertising. The purpose of this paper is to utilize a realistic differential game model to provide dynamic carbon emission reduction strategies, advertising strategies and cooperation methods for complex supply chain members from a long-term perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the extend Vidale-Wolfe model (V-W model) to discuss the dynamic joint emission reduction strategy in the supply chain.Findings(1) When consumers' awareness of environmental protection increases, on the whole, carbon emission reduction and profit of products show an upward trend. (2) From a long-term perspective, the manufacturer's advertising subsidy to one of the retailers is the best choice. If the strength of the two retailers is unbalanced, the manufacturer will choose to cooperate with the dominant retailer. (3) Advertising, as a marketing means for retailers to promote low-carbon products, can alleviate the adverse effects of prisoner's dilemma in a semi-cooperative state, but it cannot achieve the Pareto optimization result.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper focuses on the analysis of the situation that when the manufacturer is the leader and thinks that consumers are active advocates of low-carbon products.Originality/valueThe results of this paper can provide theoretical basis for the joint emission strategy of supply chain members in low-carbon environment.
随着环境质量的下降,企业和消费者的环保意识在不断提高。越来越多的企业开始加大对碳减排的投入,通过广告吸引环保消费者购买低碳产品。本文的目的是利用一个现实的差分博弈模型,从长远的角度为复杂供应链成员提供动态的碳减排策略、广告策略和合作方法。本文采用扩展的Vidale-Wolfe模型(V-W模型)来讨论供应链中的动态联合减排策略。研究发现(1)当消费者的环保意识增强时,总体上产品的碳减排和利润呈上升趋势。(2)从长远的角度来看,制造商对零售商之一的广告补贴是最好的选择。如果两家零售商的实力不平衡,制造商将选择与优势零售商合作。(3)广告作为零售商推广低碳产品的一种营销手段,可以缓解半合作状态下囚徒困境的不利影响,但不能达到帕累托最优结果。研究局限/启示本文主要分析制造商为领导者的情况,认为消费者是低碳产品的积极倡导者。本文的研究结果可以为低碳环境下供应链成员的联合排放策略提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 1
Beyond AI-powered context-aware services: the role of human–AI collaboration 超越人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务:人类与人工智能协作的作用
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.1108/imds-03-2022-0152
Na Jiang, Xiaohui Liu, Hefu Liu, E. Lim, Chee‐Wee Tan, Jibao Gu
PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant momentum in recent years. Among AI-infused systems, one prominent application is context-aware systems. Although the fusion of AI and context awareness has given birth to personalized and timely AI-powered context-aware systems, several challenges still remain. Given the “black box” nature of AI, the authors propose that human–AI collaboration is essential for AI-powered context-aware services to eliminate uncertainty and evolve. To this end, this study aims to advance a research agenda for facilitators and outcomes of human–AI collaboration in AI-powered context-aware services.Design/methodology/approachSynthesizing the extant literature on AI and context awareness, the authors advance a theoretical framework that not only differentiates among the three phases of AI-powered context-aware services (i.e. context acquisition, context interpretation and context application) but also outlines plausible research directions for each stage.FindingsThe authors delve into the role of human–AI collaboration and derive future research questions from two directions, namely, the effects of AI-powered context-aware services design on human–AI collaboration and the impact of human–AI collaboration.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the extant literature by identifying knowledge gaps in human–AI collaboration for AI-powered context-aware services and putting forth research directions accordingly. In turn, their proposed framework yields actionable guidance for AI-powered context-aware service designers and practitioners.
人工智能(AI)近年来获得了显著的发展势头。在人工智能系统中,一个突出的应用是上下文感知系统。尽管人工智能和上下文感知的融合催生了个性化和及时的人工智能上下文感知系统,但仍然存在一些挑战。鉴于人工智能的“黑箱”性质,作者提出,人类与人工智能的协作对于人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务消除不确定性和发展至关重要。为此,本研究旨在推进人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务中人类与人工智能协作的促进因素和成果的研究议程。设计/方法/方法综合现有的关于人工智能和上下文感知的文献,作者提出了一个理论框架,该框架不仅区分了人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务的三个阶段(即上下文获取、上下文解释和上下文应用),而且还概述了每个阶段的合理研究方向。作者深入研究了人类与人工智能协作的作用,并从两个方向得出了未来的研究问题,即人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务设计对人类与人工智能协作的影响以及人类与人工智能协作的影响。原创性/价值本研究通过识别人工智能驱动的上下文感知服务中人类与人工智能协作的知识缺口,并提出相应的研究方向,为现有文献做出贡献。反过来,他们提出的框架为基于人工智能的上下文感知服务设计人员和从业者提供了可操作的指导。
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引用次数: 1
Advertising and pricing of online direct selling considering network externalities 考虑网络外部性的网络直销广告与定价
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1108/imds-04-2021-0247
Liang Shen, Runjie Fan, Yuyan Wang, Hua Li, Rongyun Tang
PurposeConsidering the network externalities of online selling, this paper builds three different online direct selling models: manufacturer direct selling (MN model), network platform direct selling (NN model) and retailer direct selling (RN model). The optimal advertising and pricing decision and corporate profits under each selling model are investigated.Design/methodology/approachCombining the characteristics of online direct selling, this paper formulates direct selling models that are dominated by different companies as Stackelberg game models. Numerical analyses are carried out, along with the comparison of the equilibrium solutions for each model.FindingsThe authors' research shows that increasing network externalities is conducive to the development of enterprises. The network platform's profit is the lowest in the RN model and the highest in the NN one. The comparison of manufacturers' profits between the MN model and the NN model primarily depends on consumers' sensitivities for sales price and advertising promotion level. The manufacturer does not benefit from the RN model due to the lowest efficiency.Originality/valueCoupled with three different online direct selling models and detailed analyses of the optimal solutions, this study has enriched the theoretical foundation of online direct selling. Moreover, this study extends the research of network externalities to the field of e-commerce, revealing the network externalities' influence on the decision-making of the e-supply chain.
考虑到网络直销的网络外部性,本文构建了三种不同的网络直销模型:制造商直销(MN模型)、网络平台直销(NN模型)和零售商直销(RN模型)。研究了每种销售模式下的最优广告定价决策和企业利润。设计/方法/途径结合网络直销的特点,将不同公司主导的直销模式称为Stackelberg博弈模型。进行了数值分析,并对各模型的平衡解进行了比较。研究结果表明,网络外部性的增加有利于企业的发展。网络平台的利润在RN模型中最低,在NN模型中最高。MN模型和NN模型的厂商利润比较主要取决于消费者对销售价格和广告促销水平的敏感度。由于效率最低,制造商不能从RN模型中获益。结合三种不同的网络直销模型以及对最优解的详细分析,丰富了网络直销的理论基础。此外,本研究将网络外部性的研究扩展到电子商务领域,揭示了网络外部性对电子供应链决策的影响。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Industrial Management & Data Systems
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