Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.4135/9781452274102.n93
Paul Rock
WHAT IS DEVIANCE? As was mentioned in the Culture chapter, a norm is a set of expected behaviors for a given social status. In most societies, the majority of people conform to the most important norms most of the time. For example, wearing casual clothes to class is normal on many campuses. Attending class in your bikini might not be normal at most US colleges or universities. Deviance is not as easily defined and established as some might think, especially if you are sensitive to cultural relativism and ethnocentrism. Deviance is a violation of norms that typically elicits a response from someone. It is also important to note that deviance is not always a bad or negative act. For example, Rosa Parks refusing to get up from her seat on a bus eventually sparked an entire social movement. Her single act was a deviant one.
{"title":"Deviance","authors":"Paul Rock","doi":"10.4135/9781452274102.n93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452274102.n93","url":null,"abstract":"WHAT IS DEVIANCE? As was mentioned in the Culture chapter, a norm is a set of expected behaviors for a given social status. In most societies, the majority of people conform to the most important norms most of the time. For example, wearing casual clothes to class is normal on many campuses. Attending class in your bikini might not be normal at most US colleges or universities. Deviance is not as easily defined and established as some might think, especially if you are sensitive to cultural relativism and ethnocentrism. Deviance is a violation of norms that typically elicits a response from someone. It is also important to note that deviance is not always a bad or negative act. For example, Rosa Parks refusing to get up from her seat on a bus eventually sparked an entire social movement. Her single act was a deviant one.","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133550791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190933043.001.0001
J. Langhorst, A. Koch
Digestive diseases encompass numerous acute and chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, ranging from common digestive disorders to serious, life-threatening diseases. Over 60 million Americans are afflicted with known digestive diseases with the association of many other adverse health conditions and disability. The annual economic impact on the US economy is more than $141 billion. The Western diet and lifestyle contribute to this high prevalence of digestive disease in America and worldwide. The most common digestive conditions in the United States, Canada, and Europe were uncommon in Asia and Africa until recently with the expansion of fast-food franchises and heightened availability of processed foods worldwide. Digestive diseases have a complex underlying pathogenesis that involves a number of influences, including environmental factors, genetics, inflammation, and the gut microbiome. The risk of developing digestive disease is adjustable by making key dietary and lifestyle modifications. Adopting a personalized approach to digestive illness can achieve improved patient satisfaction and quality of life for patients.
{"title":"Integrative Gastroenterology","authors":"J. Langhorst, A. Koch","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190933043.001.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190933043.001.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Digestive diseases encompass numerous acute and chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, ranging from common digestive disorders to serious, life-threatening diseases. Over 60 million Americans are afflicted with known digestive diseases with the association of many other adverse health conditions and disability. The annual economic impact on the US economy is more than $141 billion. The Western diet and lifestyle contribute to this high prevalence of digestive disease in America and worldwide. The most common digestive conditions in the United States, Canada, and Europe were uncommon in Asia and Africa until recently with the expansion of fast-food franchises and heightened availability of processed foods worldwide. Digestive diseases have a complex underlying pathogenesis that involves a number of influences, including environmental factors, genetics, inflammation, and the gut microbiome. The risk of developing digestive disease is adjustable by making key dietary and lifestyle modifications. Adopting a personalized approach to digestive illness can achieve improved patient satisfaction and quality of life for patients.","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expressive Art Therapy","authors":"H. Editorial Submission","doi":"10.1300/j004v09n04_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j004v09n04_03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115093803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-31DOI: 10.31686/IJIER.VOL7.ISS7.1604
Régia Cristina Oliveira, Ivana Brito, Cláudia Medeiros de Castro
This paper has the purpose of discussing obesity and excess weight in adolescence resulting from research carried out in a public university program focused on this group. As a result of this research the importance of family and school in the process of slimming down can be emphasized, as much through spheres of support, as through challenging life experiences, especially for adolescent girls: the coexistence of support and family control in the process of weight loss; the girls’ explanation of feelings of shame and failure in the face of their inability to follow dietary rules; the difficulties in meeting goals proposed by the support program on obesity in adolescence and its articulation with the socio-cultural context that circumscribes the practices.
{"title":"Excess Weight","authors":"Régia Cristina Oliveira, Ivana Brito, Cláudia Medeiros de Castro","doi":"10.31686/IJIER.VOL7.ISS7.1604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31686/IJIER.VOL7.ISS7.1604","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has the purpose of discussing obesity and excess weight in adolescence resulting from research carried out in a public university program focused on this group. As a result of this research the importance of family and school in the process of slimming down can be emphasized, as much through spheres of support, as through challenging life experiences, especially for adolescent girls: the coexistence of support and family control in the process of weight loss; the girls’ explanation of feelings of shame and failure in the face of their inability to follow dietary rules; the difficulties in meeting goals proposed by the support program on obesity in adolescence and its articulation with the socio-cultural context that circumscribes the practices.","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115986369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.4324/9781315223599-19
Chad E. Barrett
{"title":"Norms","authors":"Chad E. Barrett","doi":"10.4324/9781315223599-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315223599-19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131989182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-10DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_300350
Mahnaz Asadi Haghighat, K. Zahrakar, V. Farzad
{"title":"Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management Training","authors":"Mahnaz Asadi Haghighat, K. Zahrakar, V. Farzad","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_300350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_300350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121680781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190851286.003.0003
K. Bugyis
Chapter 2 serves as a companion piece to its predecessor. It examines the pastoral and liturgical roles and responsibilities assumed by abbesses and prioresses, underscoring the authority they exercised in and outside of their communities. Identifying the nuns known to have held these offices and detailing how they fulfilled them set the stage for the following three chapters because abbesses and prioresses were most often charged with reading the gospel liturgically, hearing confessions, and leading their consorors in offering intercessory prayers. This chapter contextualizes these ministries by associating them with some of the other acts abbesses and prioresses performed as pastors: raising spiritual daughters, grooming successors, and instructing those entrusted to their care, including affiliated and visiting laity. To gain access to these officers’ lived experiences, this chapter gives special consideration to sources addressing how they, their consorors, their admirers, and even their detractors viewed their roles and responsibilities.
{"title":"Pastors","authors":"K. Bugyis","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190851286.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851286.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 serves as a companion piece to its predecessor. It examines the pastoral and liturgical roles and responsibilities assumed by abbesses and prioresses, underscoring the authority they exercised in and outside of their communities. Identifying the nuns known to have held these offices and detailing how they fulfilled them set the stage for the following three chapters because abbesses and prioresses were most often charged with reading the gospel liturgically, hearing confessions, and leading their consorors in offering intercessory prayers. This chapter contextualizes these ministries by associating them with some of the other acts abbesses and prioresses performed as pastors: raising spiritual daughters, grooming successors, and instructing those entrusted to their care, including affiliated and visiting laity. To gain access to these officers’ lived experiences, this chapter gives special consideration to sources addressing how they, their consorors, their admirers, and even their detractors viewed their roles and responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":270633,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123704632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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