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A Survey:On the Waveforms for 5G 一项关于5G波形的调查
Asia Hazareena, B. Aziz Mustafa
OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique which divides the high rate data stream in to multiple low rate data streams. The low rate data streams are modulated using subcarriers which are orthogonal to each other. The property of orthogonality allows simultaneous transmission of lot of subcarriers in a tight frequency space without interfering with each other, so the spectral efficiency in OFDM is improved. OFDM mitigates Inter Symbol Interference(ISI), since OFDM divides the wide band frequency selective fading channel in to many narrow flat sub channels. So OFDM is one of the dominant technology used in 4G/TD-LTE/LTE-Advanced communication systems. However OFDM can hardly meet the requirement for future 5G networks, since OFDM has high OOB and OFDM can support a only one kind of waveform in the whole Bandwidth. This paper presents a fair comparison of the waveform candidate for 5G. Basic principles and characteristics of 5G waveforms namely filter bank multi carrier (FBMC) universal filtered multicarrier(UFMC),generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) and filtered OFDM (F-OFDM) are discussed.
OFDM是一种将高速率数据流分成多个低速率数据流的多载波调制技术。使用相互正交的子载波调制低速率数据流。正交性使得多个子载波可以在狭窄的频率空间内同时传输而互不干扰,从而提高了OFDM的频谱效率。由于OFDM将宽带频率选择性衰落信道分成许多窄的平坦子信道,因此减轻了码间干扰(ISI)。因此,OFDM是4G/TD-LTE/LTE-Advanced通信系统的主导技术之一。但是OFDM很难满足未来5G网络的需求,因为OFDM具有很高的OOB,并且在整个带宽中只能支持一种波形。本文对5G候选波形进行了公平的比较。讨论了5G波形的基本原理和特点,即滤波器组多载波(FBMC)、通用滤波多载波(UFMC)、广义频分复用(GFDM)和滤波OFDM (F-OFDM)。
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引用次数: 22
A Proposed Machine Learning based Scheme for Intrusion Detection 一种基于机器学习的入侵检测方案
Inadyuti Dutt, Samarjeet Borah, I. Maitra
Voluminous data with high velocity and variety have resulted in deceiving the security of internet and intranet facilities. The threats are either having some patterns or lack any definite patterns. Therefore, the data arriving at the network have number of features and wide variety of patterns. Firstly, the number of patterns needs to be reduced and then the filtered set of patterns could be used for detecting unknown threats. This paper presents an approach for developing an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) with the help of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and machine learning algorithms in WEKA environment. The approach yields better performance by making the detection more effective. The results show highertrue positive and lower false positive ratesin comparison to the existing methods.
数据量大、速度快、种类多,对互联网和内部网设施的安全性造成了欺骗。这些威胁要么有一定的模式,要么缺乏明确的模式。因此,到达网络的数据具有许多特征和各种各样的模式。首先,需要减少模式的数量,然后使用过滤后的模式集来检测未知威胁。本文提出了一种在WEKA环境下利用主成分分析(PCA)和机器学习算法开发入侵检测系统(IDS)的方法。该方法通过使检测更有效而产生更好的性能。结果表明,与现有方法相比,该方法具有较高的真阳性率和较低的假阳性率。
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引用次数: 1
IOT Based Smart Electric Pole 基于物联网的智能电杆
Aliya Shaikh, Manasi Thapar, D. Koli, Harshali Rambade
The conventional street lighting maintenance and control system still remains ancient in this era of revolution and technological advancement. The evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a benevolent cornerstone for such revolutionary giants of the web world. Thus we use this highly coveted technology to cater to the maintenance and control processes of street lighting system. The proposed system enables maintenance and control of the street lights and makes it easier to monitor and control its operation. The system will detect faults in the street lights to intimate the control room to take immediate action. This application will have the following features viz. automatic circuit fault detection, pole inclination detection and light sensing. It aims to design a smart electric pole which is free of any human intervention and provides quick maintenance functionality. In the current scenario, the street lights are switched ON at a pre-decided time every evening and is switched OFF the next morning. It also requires regular check-ups for electric pole defect. This project gives a solution for fast repairing and maximizes the ability to control the street lamps remotely and efficiently [2].
在这个革命和技术进步的时代,传统的路灯维护和控制系统仍然是古老的。物联网(IoT)的发展一直是网络世界这些革命性巨头的仁慈基石。因此,我们使用这种令人垂涎的技术来满足街道照明系统的维护和控制过程。建议的系统能够维护和控制路灯,并使其更容易监测和控制其运行。该系统将检测到路灯故障,通知控制室立即采取行动。该应用程序将具有以下功能,即自动电路故障检测,极倾斜检测和光传感。它旨在设计一种智能电线杆,它不需要任何人为干预,并提供快速维护功能。在目前的场景中,路灯每天晚上在预定的时间打开,第二天早上关闭。还需要定期检查电线杆缺陷。该项目提供了快速维修的解决方案,并最大限度地提高了远程高效控制路灯的能力[2]。
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引用次数: 9
Verification and Debugging of LC-3 Test Bench Environment using System Verilog LC-3试验台环境的验证与调试
Joyjit Chatterjee, Ayush Saxena, Anu Mehra, Garima Vyas, Vajja Mukesh
The paper essentially deals with the verification and debugging of the LC-3 Microcontroller, a 16 bit RISC Processor, using System Verilog. The LC-3 Design Under Test (DUT) used consists of a variety of different bugs in its sub-design units including the Fetch, Decode, Execute and Controller as well as bugs in its entirety. The bugs are identified with the help of various complex SV features like OOPS, Randomization, Functional Coverage, Assertions and UVM. The Mentor Graphics Questa Simulation Environment is used in conjunction with the System Verilog Hardware Verification Language for testing and identifying the root cause behind bugs in the design. The LC-3 microcontroller used for verification is assumed to work fine as long as it follows the design specifications. Otherwise, any misaligned behavior with the design specs is treated as a bug. The paper provides for an efficient method of using System Verilog, a latest trend in the EDA Industry today, as a language of choice for debugging by Verification Engineers in the Embedded Systems Industry.
本文主要论述了利用System Verilog对16位RISC处理器LC-3单片机的验证与调试。LC-3设计测试(DUT)使用的包括各种不同的错误在其子设计单元,包括读取,解码,执行和控制器以及整个错误。通过各种复杂的SV特性,如oop、随机化、功能覆盖、断言和UVM,可以识别出这些bug。Mentor Graphics Questa仿真环境与System Verilog硬件验证语言一起用于测试和识别设计中错误背后的根本原因。假设用于验证的LC-3微控制器只要遵循设计规范就可以正常工作。否则,任何与设计规范不一致的行为都将被视为bug。本文提供了一种使用System Verilog的有效方法,这是当今EDA行业的最新趋势,作为嵌入式系统行业验证工程师调试的首选语言。
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引用次数: 6
Conversion of Natural Language Query to SQL Query 自然语言查询到SQL查询的转换
A. Kate, Satish G. Kamble, A. Bodkhe, Mrunal Joshi
This paper present an approach to automate the conversion of Natural Language Query to SQL Query effectively. Structured Query Language is a powerful tool for managing data held in a relational database management system. To retrieve or manage data user have to enter the correct SQL Query. But the users who don't have any knowledge about SQL are unable to retrieve the required data. To overcome this we proposed a model in Natural Language Processing for converting the Natural Language Query to SQL query. This helps novice user to get required content without knowing any complex details about SQL. This system can also deal with complex queries. This system is designed for Training and Placement cell officers who work on student database but don't have any knowledge about SQL. In this system, user can also enter the query using speech. System will convert speech into the text format. This query will get transformed to SQL query. System will execute the query and gives output to the user.
本文提出了一种有效地实现自然语言查询与SQL查询自动转换的方法。结构化查询语言是一种强大的工具,用于管理关系数据库管理系统中保存的数据。要检索或管理数据,用户必须输入正确的SQL查询。但是,不了解SQL的用户无法检索所需的数据。为了克服这个问题,我们在自然语言处理中提出了一个将自然语言查询转换为SQL查询的模型。这可以帮助新手用户在不了解SQL的任何复杂细节的情况下获得所需的内容。这个系统还可以处理复杂的查询。本系统是专为培训和安置单元人员谁在学生数据库工作,但没有任何知识的SQL。在本系统中,用户还可以使用语音输入查询。系统将语音转换为文本格式。该查询将被转换为SQL查询。系统将执行查询并向用户提供输出。
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引用次数: 28
Review of Real-word Error Detection and Correction Methods in Text Documents 文本文档实词错误检测与纠错方法综述
Shashank Singh, Shailendra Singh
Spell checking is one of the most widely used tasks of NLP. It has broad range of uses like information retrieval, proofreading, email client etc. Today in many applications of NLP spell checker is being used. It is a language tool which breaks down the text for spelling errors. It flags when there exists any misspelled/unintended word in the given text. The typographic errors are categorized in ‘non-word errors’ and ‘real-word errors’. There is enough work done in order to tackle the farmer error but it still remains the challenge for the researchers to tackle the later one. This paper focuses on later one and analyses the methods which are being used worldwide to detect and correct such errors. Paper also focuses on the challenges faced by researchers while processing the real-word errors.
拼写检查是自然语言处理中应用最广泛的任务之一。它具有广泛的用途,如信息检索,校对,电子邮件客户端等。今天在NLP的许多应用中都使用了拼写检查器。它是一种语言工具,可以分解文本的拼写错误。当给定文本中存在任何拼写错误/意外单词时,它会标记。排版错误分为“非单词错误”和“真实单词错误”。为了解决农民的错误,已经做了足够的工作,但解决后一个问题仍然是研究人员面临的挑战。本文着重分析了后一种错误,并分析了目前国际上用于检测和纠正这类错误的方法。本文还重点讨论了研究人员在处理实际错误时所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 8
Computer Vision based Advanced Driver Assistance System Algorithms with Optimization Techniques-A Review 基于计算机视觉的高级驾驶辅助系统算法及优化技术综述
S. B V, A. Karthikeyan
There are many difficulties and challenging tasks to configure, actualize, develop and work on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The framework is required to accumulate exact information, be quick in processing information, precisely foresee setting, and respond continuously, also it should be vigorous, dependable, and have minimum or very less mistake rates. To address the quicker processing of information and data, execution improvement, architecture and programs to exploit incredible highlights of design and architecture is important. Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that arrangements with how computers can be made for increasing abnormal state understanding from computerized pictures or recordings. From the viewpoint of designing, it tries to mechanize undertakings that the human visual framework can do. Computer vision assignments fuse procedures for securing, planning, analyzing and understanding propelled pictures, and extraction of high-dimensional data from this present reality to make numerical or agent information. Computer Vision is combined with different advances, for example, radio detection and ranging (Radar) and light detection and ranging (Lidar), is one of the key advances utilized as a part of advanced driver assistance systems. Main aim is to discuss about various implementation details of computer vision based ADAS algorithms. And also discuss about few optimization techniques such as Kalman filter, HOG, Haar, LinSVM, SIFT, usage of different neural networks to achieve high performance rate so driver can respond quickly to real time situations.
先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)的配置、实现、开发和工作存在许多困难和挑战性的任务。该框架需要积累准确的信息,处理信息的速度快,准确预见设置,持续响应,并且要有活力,可靠,错误率最低或极低。为了更快地处理信息和数据,执行改进,架构和程序利用设计和架构的令人难以置信的亮点是很重要的。计算机视觉是一个跨学科的领域,它安排了计算机如何能够从计算机图像或记录中增加对异常状态的理解。从设计的角度来看,它试图将人类视觉框架所能做的事情机械化。计算机视觉任务融合了确保、规划、分析和理解推进图像的程序,以及从当前现实中提取高维数据以生成数字或代理信息的程序。计算机视觉结合了不同的先进技术,例如无线电探测和测距(雷达)和光探测和测距(激光雷达),是先进驾驶辅助系统的关键技术之一。主要目的是讨论基于计算机视觉的ADAS算法的各种实现细节。并讨论了卡尔曼滤波、HOG、Haar、LinSVM、SIFT等几种优化技术,利用不同的神经网络实现高性能,使驾驶员能够快速响应实时情况。
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引用次数: 6
Design and Prototyping of Dimmable LED Driver for General Lighting Application 通用照明可调光LED驱动器的设计与原型
Namratha N. Pai, S. Kini
Light emitting Diode technology (LED) has advanced rapidly which lead to development of brighter and long lasting sources. Due to growing awareness of the need to reduce energy cost, LED lighting is gaining popularity and also used in wide applications. LED's claim to have efficacy of 120 lumens per watt and lifetime of more than 50000 hours. Its compact size, varied colour of lights, higher efficacy and other advantages makes them replace conventional lighting. Applications such as residential and commercial lighting require thousands of lumens, creating a need to drive strings of LED. Irrespective of the driver topology linear regulator, buck, boost or buck-boost, the main aim is to drive the LED with constant current to control the light output. Some of the applications are as simple as ON and OFF, but many applications require dimming the output between 0 and 100 percent, often with fine resolution. The main objective of this work is to design a closed loop driver circuit with buck topology for a given load specification of LED string and include dimming features in it.
发光二极管(LED)技术的迅速发展导致了更亮、更持久的光源的发展。由于人们越来越意识到需要降低能源成本,LED照明越来越受欢迎,也得到了广泛的应用。LED的功效为每瓦120流明,寿命超过50000小时。其体积小巧,灯光颜色多样,效率高等优点使其成为传统照明的替代产品。住宅和商业照明等应用需要数千流明,因此需要驱动LED串。无论驱动器拓扑是线性稳压器、降压、升压还是降压升压,其主要目的都是用恒流驱动LED以控制光输出。有些应用程序像ON和OFF一样简单,但许多应用程序需要在0到100%之间调光输出,通常具有良好的分辨率。本工作的主要目的是设计一个具有降压拓扑的闭环驱动电路,用于给定负载规格的LED串,并包含调光功能。
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引用次数: 1
Machine Learning in Healthcare: A Review 医疗保健中的机器学习:综述
K. Shailaja, B. Seetharamulu, M. Jabbar
Machine Learning is modern and highly sophisticated technological applications became a huge trend in the industry. Machine Learning is Omni present and is widely used in various applications. It is playing a vital role in many fields like finance, Medical science and in security. Machine learning is used to discover patterns from medical data sources and provide excellent capabilities to predict diseases. In this paper, we review various machine learning algorithms used for developing efficient decision support for healthcare applications. This paper helps in reducing the research gap for building efficient decision support system for medical applications.
机器学习是现代高度复杂的技术应用,成为行业的巨大趋势。机器学习是普遍存在的,并广泛应用于各种应用中。它在金融、医学和安全等许多领域发挥着至关重要的作用。机器学习用于从医疗数据源中发现模式,并提供出色的疾病预测能力。在本文中,我们回顾了用于为医疗保健应用程序开发有效决策支持的各种机器学习算法。本文为构建高效的医疗应用决策支持系统缩小了研究空白。
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引用次数: 146
Channel Estimation in MIMO-OFDM System: A Review MIMO-OFDM系统中的信道估计研究进展
Harmandar Kaur, M. Khosla, R. Sarin
The method of channel estimation adopted in a MIMO-OFDM communication system greatly influences the overall performance of the system. The symbol detection is carried out after reversing the influences of channel on the information. Hence, the technique used for channel estimation is as important as channel prediction. Under fast time varying channel conditions the channel characteristics need to be accurately extracted using both channel estimation and prediction. An effort is made to emphasize the various techniques developed in literature tending to precisely obtain the channel characteristics. The channel estimation methods specifically designed for the demanding channel conditions having fast time varying characters are separately emphasized.
MIMO-OFDM通信系统所采用的信道估计方法对系统的整体性能影响很大。反转信道对信息的影响后进行符号检测。因此,信道估计技术与信道预测技术同样重要。在快速时变信道条件下,需要同时使用信道估计和信道预测来准确提取信道特征。努力强调在文献中发展的各种技术倾向于精确地获得通道特性。针对具有快速时变特性的苛刻信道条件,专门设计了信道估计方法。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2018 Second International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA)
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