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2016 IEEE 14th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC)最新文献

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Realization of bilateral control by compact solenoid actuators without position and force sensors 采用紧凑型电磁致动器实现双向控制,无需位置和力传感器
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496347
Sakahisa Nagai, A. Kawamura
This study aims for the realization of a prototype tactile display which can interface with 2D haptic information. For this type of tactile display, multiple actuators with small volume and weight are required with the capability of position and force feedback control. The position and force sensors are usually large in terms of the volume. Thus, in this paper, compact solenoid actuators are used with a sensorless position and force estimation technique, and the estimated position and force information are used in bilateral control for communication of haptic information between master and slave actuators. A bilateral experimental system with master/slave actuators was constructed, and the experimental results indicated that the position and force were communicated in the master/slave system. As a result it was confirmed that the bilateral control was realized without position and force sensors with a small volume and light weight experimental setup.
本研究旨在实现一种可与二维触觉信息交互的原型触觉显示器。对于这种类型的触觉显示,需要具有位置和力反馈控制能力的小体积和重量的多个执行器。位置和力传感器的体积通常很大。因此,本文将紧密型电磁执行器与无传感器位置和力估计技术相结合,并将估计的位置和力信息用于双向控制,实现主、从执行器之间的触觉信息通信。构建了主从驱动的双向实验系统,实验结果表明,位置和力在主从驱动系统中实现了传递。实验结果表明,采用体积小、重量轻的实验装置,无需位置传感器和力传感器即可实现双向控制。
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引用次数: 3
Path-tracking control of bevel-tip needles using Model Predictive Control 基于模型预测控制的斜尖针路径跟踪控制
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496350
Benyan Huo, Xingang Zhao, Jianda Han, Weiliang Xu
The bevel-tip flexible needle is an improvement of the clinical puncture needle and has the potential to reduce surgery traumas and improve puncture accuracy. Due to the nonholonomic kinematics model, it is difficult to drive flexible needles to track a pre-plan path. In this paper, we propose an effective path tracking control method based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). The kinematics model of flexible needles is described firstly, according to which the control method is designed. Then, the path tracking control method is presented in detail. The finite prediction horizon of MPC is extended to infinite in order to obtain a global optimal solution. Due to the nonlinear model, the objective function of receding horizon optimization is also nonlinear, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to search optimal predictive control series. At last, simulations are conducted and results illustrate that the proposed controller performs well to precisely drive the flexible needle to track a desired path.
斜尖柔性针是对临床穿刺针的改进,具有减少手术创伤、提高穿刺精度的潜力。由于柔性针的非完整运动学模型,使得其难以沿规划路径运动。本文提出了一种有效的基于模型预测控制(MPC)的路径跟踪控制方法。首先描述了柔性针的运动学模型,并根据该模型设计了控制方法。然后,详细介绍了路径跟踪控制方法。为了得到全局最优解,将MPC的有限预测范围扩展到无限。由于模型的非线性,后退地平线优化的目标函数也是非线性的,采用粒子群算法(PSO)搜索最优预测控制序列。最后进行了仿真,结果表明所提出的控制器能够很好地驱动柔性针跟踪所需路径。
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引用次数: 3
A step passage strategy using environment recognition for an electric two-wheel wheelchair 基于环境识别的电动两轮轮椅阶梯通行策略
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496398
Florent Hoareau, T. Murakami
Various situations can force people to rely on wheelchairs to be able to move. Despite the fact that cities are more and more aware of the difficulties that wheelchair users have to deal with and despite their increasing concern to provide them a friendlier environment, the gap between non-disabled people and disabled people still exists. To improve their quality of live, enhancements can also be done on the wheelchair itself. For example, electric wheelchairs reduce the required physical effort to move. But one of the trickiest situations are steps. They are omnipresent in cities and even if their rise height is small, they are still an obstacle. In this paper, a control method combining computer vision environment detection and modern control theory is proposed to achieve step-passage motion with a two-wheel wheelchair.
各种情况都可能迫使人们依靠轮椅来移动。尽管城市越来越意识到轮椅使用者所面临的困难,尽管城市越来越关注为他们提供更友好的环境,但非残疾人和残疾人之间的差距仍然存在。为了提高他们的生活质量,也可以对轮椅本身进行改进。例如,电动轮椅减少了移动所需的体力。但最棘手的情况之一是步骤。它们在城市中无处不在,即使它们的上升高度很小,它们仍然是一个障碍。本文提出了一种将计算机视觉环境检测与现代控制理论相结合的两轮轮椅步进运动控制方法。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of mechanical impedance at end effector of arm based on frequency analysis 基于频率分析的机械臂末端执行器机械阻抗估计
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496399
Ippei Toyomasu, Naoya Tojo, T. Shimono, T. Mizoguchi
Comprehension of the arm condition is important for realization of effective rehabilitation support. In this paper, the measurements of the estimation of the impedance at the end effector of the arm are performed based on frequency analysis. Two experiments of the active muscle condition and relaxed muscle condition of the arm are carried out on the three directions determined in accordance with the functionally effective muscle (FEM) theory that the output direction at the end effector of the arm is derived from the output of the specific muscle groups. These experiments indicate how much the arm can increase the stiffness of the each direction at the end effector of the arm on the FEM theory. The experimental results show that the condition of specific muscle group can be evaluated from the impedance at the end effector of the arm.
了解手臂状况对实现有效的康复支持至关重要。本文采用基于频率分析的方法对机械臂末端执行器的阻抗估计进行了测量。根据功能有效肌(FEM)理论,即手臂末端执行器的输出方向由特定肌肉群的输出导出,在确定的三个方向上,对手臂的活动肌肉状态和放松肌肉状态进行了两个实验。这些实验表明,在有限元理论上,机械臂可以在机械臂末端执行器的各个方向上增加多少刚度。实验结果表明,可以通过手臂末端执行器的阻抗来评估特定肌肉群的状态。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of time-varying communication delay in adaptive controller based bilateral control system 时变通信时延对自适应控制器双边控制系统的影响
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496341
D. Yashiro
Communication delay between a master robot and a slave robot destabilizes a bilateral control system. And some recent researches show that an adaptive controller that dynamically determines the master's controller gain depending on a stiffness of a contact object is effective to improve stability. However few researches show an influence of time-varying communication delay in adaptive controller based bilateral control systems. This paper therefore verifies an influence of time-varying communication delay. A PI (polynomial interpolation) with a schmitt trigger is utilized to estimate a stiffness of a contact object. Simulation results show that the PI based estimation method has a robustness against a constant/time-varying communication delay. An experiment of a bilateral control over an IP (Internet Protocol) network emulator also show the validity of the estimation method.
主机器人和从机器人之间的通信延迟会导致双边控制系统的不稳定。最近的一些研究表明,根据接触对象的刚度动态确定主控制器增益的自适应控制器可以有效地提高系统的稳定性。然而,研究时变通信延迟对基于自适应控制器的双边控制系统的影响的研究很少。因此,本文验证了时变通信延迟的影响。采用带施密特触发器的多项式插值法估计接触物体的刚度。仿真结果表明,基于PI的估计方法对恒定/时变通信延迟具有较好的鲁棒性。在IP (Internet Protocol)网络仿真器上的双边控制实验也证明了该估计方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Novel walking assist device based on generic human motion tracking criteria 基于通用人体运动跟踪准则的新型行走辅助装置
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496325
Kamal Mohy El Dine, Chuan Yang, T. Nozaki, T. Murakami
Replacing nurses and caregivers by human-friendly robots is drawing the attention of the next generation for elderly people assistance and those with special needs. However, the human-machine cooperative control is still a key challenge in this domain. This paper presents a new approach for walking assist control that uses Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) fixed on elderly people's body to track their posture and estimate its Center Of Mass (COM) and Zero-Moment Point (ZMP) motions to be used by a differential mobile robot that synchronize with the user's walking motion. Furthermore, a manipulator mounted on the mobile device to support the users from their back, help them walk, and assist in dangerous situations. In this study, the walking is divided into phases according to the falling index defined, and the impedance of the manipulator is changed based on the stability of the situation. Experiments of the walking assist control were carried out, and by their results the validity of the proposed approach is confirmed and the fall avoidance is realized.
用人性化的机器人代替护士和护理人员,正在引起下一代对老年人和特殊需求者的关注。然而,人机协同控制仍然是该领域的一个关键挑战。本文提出了一种新的步行辅助控制方法,该方法利用固定在老年人身上的惯性测量单元(imu)来跟踪老年人的姿态并估计其质心(COM)和零矩点(ZMP)运动,从而使差动移动机器人与用户的步行运动同步。此外,在移动设备上安装了一个机械手,可以从背部支撑用户,帮助他们行走,并在危险情况下提供帮助。在本研究中,根据定义的下降指数将行走划分为阶段,并根据情况的稳定性改变机械手的阻抗。对行走辅助控制进行了实验,实验结果验证了该方法的有效性,实现了行走辅助控制的防跌倒。
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引用次数: 4
Advanced control functions of decoupled electro-hydraulic brake system 解耦电液制动系统的先进控制功能
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496368
D. Savitski, V. Ivanov, Dmitrij Schleinin, K. Augsburg, T. Putz, Chih Feng Lee
The paper presents results of analytical and experimental investigations on advanced control functions of decoupled electro-hydraulic brake system. These functions address continuous wheel slip control, variation of the brake pedal feel, and brake judder compensation. The performed study demonstrates that the electro-hydraulic brake system has improved performance by relevant criteria of safety and driving comfort both for conventional and electric vehicles.
本文对解耦电液制动系统的高级控制功能进行了分析和实验研究。这些功能解决连续轮滑控制,变化的刹车踏板感觉,和刹车抖动补偿。研究结果表明,该电液制动系统在满足常规车辆和电动汽车的安全性和驾驶舒适性相关标准的情况下,均具有较好的性能。
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引用次数: 7
Development of space-saving mechanism in shaking table systems for earthquake simulators 地震模拟器振动台系统中节省空间机构的研制
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496337
Sota Kaida, K. Seki, M. Iwasaki
This paper presents a development of shaking table mechanism, where the purpose is to generate vibrations in multiple directions in a space-saving manner as compared to the conventional shaking table mechanism. Since the proposed shaking table mechanism sets up each actuator in horizontal excitation direction on the side of the table, the movement of table requires the coordinated control of each actuator. In the proposed shaking table system, therefore, the references for each actuator are generated on the basis of the target table motion and geometric arrangement. In addition, zero phase error tracking algorithm as a feedforward compensator is applied to completely synchronize the motion of all actuators. The effectiveness of proposed shaking table mechanism and control system has been verified by numerical simulations using a horizontal shaken laboratory prototype.
本文介绍了振动台机构的发展,其目的是产生多方向的振动,与传统的振动台机构相比,节省空间的方式。由于所提出的振动台机构将各执行机构设置在工作台侧面的水平激励方向,因此工作台的运动需要各执行机构的协调控制。因此,在所提出的振动台系统中,每个执行机构的参考是根据目标台的运动和几何排列产生的。此外,采用零相位误差跟踪算法作为前馈补偿器,使各作动器的运动完全同步。通过卧式振动实验样机的数值模拟,验证了所提出的振动台机构和控制系统的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
A study on a linear vibratory feeding system based on servo motor technology 基于伺服电机技术的直线振动进给系统研究
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496349
L. Han, Zhi Ye
The linear vibratory feeding system plays an important role in the automated production line. It is often seen to use linear vibratory feeding system to transmit the part in an automated production line. The transmission efficiency of the linear vibratory feeding system has a great influence on the capacity of entire production line. So it has important value to research how to improve the efficiency of linear vibratory feeding system. We propose a novel linear vibratory feeding system based on servo motor technology. The servo control of linear vibratory feeding system and the related experiments are conducted in this paper. The result has a great value to improve the efficiency of linear vibratory feeding system.
直线振动给料系统在自动化生产线中起着重要的作用。在自动化生产线上,经常使用直线振动进给系统来传送零件。直线振动给料系统的传动效率对整条生产线的生产能力有很大的影响。因此,研究如何提高直线振动进给系统的工作效率具有重要的价值。提出了一种基于伺服电机技术的线性振动进给系统。本文对直线振动进给系统的伺服控制进行了研究,并进行了相关实验。研究结果对提高直线振动进给系统的工作效率具有重要的参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
Autonomously achieving bipedal locomotion skill via hierarchical motion modelling 通过分层运动建模自主实现双足运动技能
Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2016.7496338
D. Luo, Yi Wang, Xihong Wu
In this paper, the issue on how a robot autonomously achieves its motion skills is addressed, and an alternative learning approach based on hierarchical motion modelling is proposed. Within the hierarchical model, each robot motion skill is firstly characterized by a family of trajectories that belong to different layers, where inherent constraints among layers will be great helpful in reducing the searching space. Through utilizing the piecewise monotone cubic interpolation method, those trajectories are then parameterized so that a large number of optimization techniques could be applied possibly in model learning. To further debase the learning complexity so that a online learning process can be obtained, a Design of Experiments based Active Learning (DEAL) is employed, which provides an effective exploring strategy with actively selecting samples from hypothesis space by taking advantages from relations among hypotheses in the searching space. To obtain a more robust solution, a random gradient strategy is adopted to adapt or refine the learned output of DEAL. Since the whole online learning process is completed not only under the trial-and-error paradigm, but also without the using of prior dynamic information, the achieving of robot motion skills could be regarded in a completely autonomous style. Experiments are performed on a physical humanoid robot PKU-HR4, and the results illustrate that the proposed approach is effective and promising, which not only speeds up the convergence of the learning process by taking the merits of layered structure and active learning, but also leads to a better locomotion controller since the physical conditions of the involved real robot are taken into account.
本文解决了机器人如何自主实现运动技能的问题,提出了一种基于分层运动建模的替代学习方法。在分层模型中,每个机器人的运动技能首先由一组属于不同层的轨迹来表征,其中层之间的固有约束将极大地有助于减少搜索空间。然后利用分段单调三次插值方法对这些轨迹进行参数化,从而可以在模型学习中应用大量的优化技术。为了进一步降低学习复杂度,获得在线学习过程,采用基于实验的主动学习设计(DEAL),利用搜索空间中假设之间的关系,主动从假设空间中选择样本,提供了一种有效的探索策略。为了获得更鲁棒的解,采用随机梯度策略对DEAL的学习输出进行调整或细化。由于整个在线学习过程不仅是在试错模式下完成的,而且没有使用先前的动态信息,因此机器人运动技能的实现可以被视为完全自主的风格。在实体类人机器人PKU-HR4上进行了实验,结果表明该方法是有效的,不仅利用分层结构和主动学习的优点加快了学习过程的收敛速度,而且由于考虑了真实机器人的物理条件,可以得到更好的运动控制器。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2016 IEEE 14th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC)
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