Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105564
Zarin Tasnim Rakhy , Tawfika Nasrin , Mir Jubair Ahamed , Md. Masum Billah , Md. Wahadoszamen , Aminul I. Talukder , Mohammad Abu Sayem Karal
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively used in healthcare, medicine, and environmental fields owing to their strong antiviral and antibacterial properties. Although these NPs interact with cellular biomembranes or vesicular lipid membranes, their mechanisms of interaction under physiological conditions using cell-mimetic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) have been rarely investigated. In this study, we focused on the interaction of AgNPs with cell-sized GUVs and investigated deformation, membrane permeation, and change in membrane area under 0.3 – 5.0 μg/mL concentrations of AgNPs. The synthesized particles exhibited an average size of 58.1 nm and a zeta potential of –6.9 mV. The deformation of GUV and the fraction of deformation increase with the increase of AgNPs concentration. The encapsulating calcein of GUVs leaked out through the membranes while interacting the AgNPs, indicated the nano-sized pore formation in the membranes of vesicles. The leakage constant increased with the increase of NPs concentration, as well as the pore size. The membrane area of a GUV measured by micropipette technique exhibits a dynamic response: an initial rapid expansion, followed by a gradual contraction, and a subsequent slight increase over time. This provides insights into AgNPs-GUVs binding dynamics. These investigations help to understand the mechanism of interaction of AgNPs in the cell membranes which might be used in several biophysical and biomedical applications.
{"title":"Effects of silver nanoparticles on the morphology and membrane permeability of giant unilamellar vesicles and their mechanistic insights","authors":"Zarin Tasnim Rakhy , Tawfika Nasrin , Mir Jubair Ahamed , Md. Masum Billah , Md. Wahadoszamen , Aminul I. Talukder , Mohammad Abu Sayem Karal","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively used in healthcare, medicine, and environmental fields owing to their strong antiviral and antibacterial properties. Although these NPs interact with cellular biomembranes or vesicular lipid membranes, their mechanisms of interaction under physiological conditions using cell-mimetic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) have been rarely investigated. In this study, we focused on the interaction of AgNPs with cell-sized GUVs and investigated deformation, membrane permeation, and change in membrane area under 0.3 – 5.0 μg/mL concentrations of AgNPs. The synthesized particles exhibited an average size of 58.1 nm and a zeta potential of –6.9 mV. The deformation of GUV and the fraction of deformation increase with the increase of AgNPs concentration. The encapsulating calcein of GUVs leaked out through the membranes while interacting the AgNPs, indicated the nano-sized pore formation in the membranes of vesicles. The leakage constant increased with the increase of NPs concentration, as well as the pore size. The membrane area of a GUV measured by micropipette technique exhibits a dynamic response: an initial rapid expansion, followed by a gradual contraction, and a subsequent slight increase over time. This provides insights into AgNPs-GUVs binding dynamics. These investigations help to understand the mechanism of interaction of AgNPs in the cell membranes which might be used in several biophysical and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 105564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105563
F. Rostami , D.M. Aghaie , O. Bavi
Liposomal stability is critical for effective drug delivery, yet its dependence on drug-membrane interactions remains incompletely understood. Here, we employ atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural stability of a commercial liposome (composed of DMPC/DMPG phospholipids) when loaded with two therapeutic agents: amphotericin B (an antifungal) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, an anticancer drug). Our simulations reveal that amphotericin B maintains liposomal integrity, with minimal perturbations to membrane thickness, lipid order, and surface area. In contrast, 5-FU induces significant destabilization, including reduced membrane thickness, expanded lipid spacing, and disordered acyl chain packing-corroborated by alterations in deuterium order parameters, mass density profiles, and charge distributions. These findings demonstrate that while the liposome is an optimal carrier for amphotericin B, its composition requires modification for some anticancer drug delivery. The study provides mechanistic insights into drug-dependent liposomal stability, offering a framework for the rational design of tailored nanocarriers.
{"title":"Molecular dynamics deciphers drug-dependent stability in therapeutic liposomes","authors":"F. Rostami , D.M. Aghaie , O. Bavi","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liposomal stability is critical for effective drug delivery, yet its dependence on drug-membrane interactions remains incompletely understood. Here, we employ atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural stability of a commercial liposome (composed of DMPC/DMPG phospholipids) when loaded with two therapeutic agents: amphotericin B (an antifungal) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, an anticancer drug). Our simulations reveal that amphotericin B maintains liposomal integrity, with minimal perturbations to membrane thickness, lipid order, and surface area. In contrast, 5-FU induces significant destabilization, including reduced membrane thickness, expanded lipid spacing, and disordered acyl chain packing-corroborated by alterations in deuterium order parameters, mass density profiles, and charge distributions. These findings demonstrate that while the liposome is an optimal carrier for amphotericin B, its composition requires modification for some anticancer drug delivery. The study provides mechanistic insights into drug-dependent liposomal stability, offering a framework for the rational design of tailored nanocarriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 105563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105562
Nancy C. Rotich , Evelyn A. Okorafor , Indra D. Sahu , Muhammad Zeeshan Shah , Dominik Konkolewicz , Gary A. Lorigan
Researchers have explored and cultivated suitable membrane mimetics to preserve a physiological solvent condition for membrane protein functions. This involves emulating the properties of lipid bilayers, particularly within the hydrophobic core. Membrane mimetics exist in diverse forms, such as micelles, bicelles, liposomes, and nanodiscs. Polymers, such as styrene-maleic acid (SMA), have been found to offer a potentially suitable means to solubilize membrane proteins without resorting to detergents. It is widely recognized that various membrane mimetics yield distinct structural and dynamic configurations in membrane proteins. Styrene-maleic acid derivatives (SMADs) are of particular significance in this study; they are known for their ability to generate lipid nanoparticles. It has been hypothesized that using SMA derivatives with the same charge as the target membrane protein preserves the protein's structural and dynamic attributes compared to other bilayer membrane mimetics. This study explores the impact of different charges of SMA derivatives on two bacteriophage-encoded peptides explicitly focusing on their influence as charged peptides. Positively charged, neutral, and negatively charged SMA derivatives interactions with pinholin S21 and the phage-encoded cationic antimicrobial peptide gp28 lipid vesicles were assessed. These interactions were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques and continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) spectroscopy. From our DLS results, we observed a reduction in size compared to the vesicle control, which is consistent with the formation of SMADLPs (styrene maleic acid derivative lipid nanoparticles). The key outcome was in the identification of how various SMA derivatives affect the interaction of gp28 and pinholin membrane peptides, which is useful when trying to understand how the different SMA polymers can influence the behavior and stability of protein complexes. For gp28 peptide, CW-EPR spectral analysis indicates no line broadening in its profile, suggesting that binding interactions with SMA derivatives do not significantly disrupt the structural integrity or dynamic behavior of the gp28 peptide. SMA-Pos interaction with pinholin shows some minimal perturbation, confirming that it is not as compatible compared to SMA-Neut and SMA-Glu. This study will provide insights into the optimal conditions for studying membrane protein interactions, focusing on the structural dynamics of gp28 and pinholin in the presence of different SMA derivatives.
{"title":"A comparison of the effect of SMA derivatives on the structural topology and dynamics of two bacteriophage peptides","authors":"Nancy C. Rotich , Evelyn A. Okorafor , Indra D. Sahu , Muhammad Zeeshan Shah , Dominik Konkolewicz , Gary A. Lorigan","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers have explored and cultivated suitable membrane mimetics to preserve a physiological solvent condition for membrane protein functions. This involves emulating the properties of lipid bilayers, particularly within the hydrophobic core. Membrane mimetics exist in diverse forms, such as micelles, bicelles, liposomes, and nanodiscs. Polymers, such as styrene-maleic acid (SMA), have been found to offer a potentially suitable means to solubilize membrane proteins without resorting to detergents. It is widely recognized that various membrane mimetics yield distinct structural and dynamic configurations in membrane proteins. Styrene-maleic acid derivatives (SMADs) are of particular significance in this study; they are known for their ability to generate lipid nanoparticles. It has been hypothesized that using SMA derivatives with the same charge as the target membrane protein preserves the protein's structural and dynamic attributes compared to other bilayer membrane mimetics. This study explores the impact of different charges of SMA derivatives on two bacteriophage-encoded peptides explicitly focusing on their influence as charged peptides. Positively charged, neutral, and negatively charged SMA derivatives interactions with pinholin S<sup>21</sup> and the phage-encoded cationic antimicrobial peptide gp28 lipid vesicles were assessed. These interactions were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques and continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) spectroscopy. From our DLS results, we observed a reduction in size compared to the vesicle control, which is consistent with the formation of SMADLPs (styrene maleic acid derivative lipid nanoparticles). The key outcome was in the identification of how various SMA derivatives affect the interaction of gp28 and pinholin membrane peptides, which is useful when trying to understand how the different SMA polymers can influence the behavior and stability of protein complexes. For gp28 peptide, CW-EPR spectral analysis indicates no line broadening in its profile, suggesting that binding interactions with SMA derivatives do not significantly disrupt the structural integrity or dynamic behavior of the gp28 peptide. SMA-Pos interaction with pinholin shows some minimal perturbation, confirming that it is not as compatible compared to SMA-Neut and SMA-Glu. This study will provide insights into the optimal conditions for studying membrane protein interactions, focusing on the structural dynamics of gp28 and pinholin in the presence of different SMA derivatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 105562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105554
Yihe Li , Xiaolong Gao , Zhuoao Gao , Zhonghong Cao , Peng Xiong , Xiutao Liu
Nervonic Acid (NA), as a critical component of neural myelin sheaths, maintains nerve cell structural integrity and function. Due to limited synthesis in humans, it is primarily obtained through plant extraction, chemical synthesis, or biosynthetic methods. Its bioactive properties and applications encompass: mitigating oxidative stress and improving cognitive function; balancing pro-/anti-inflammatory factors to alleviate inflammation in organs such as liver or colon while modulating gut microbiota; its level fluctuations being closely associated with psychiatric disorders and metabolic diseases, demonstrating biomarker potential for early diagnosis. Furthermore, nervonic acid exerts multi-dimensional protective effects on cardiovascular health and metabolic homeostasis, while serving as a functional ingredient in dietary supplements and infant formula. This review systematically elaborates on the three primary sources of nervonic acid, discusses its biological functions in neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and metabolic regulation, and explores its potential applications in biomarker development and functional foods. The review aims to provide an important theoretical foundation for future disease prevention strategies and the development of health-oriented products.
{"title":"Sources and biological functions of nervonic acid: Advances and perspectives","authors":"Yihe Li , Xiaolong Gao , Zhuoao Gao , Zhonghong Cao , Peng Xiong , Xiutao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nervonic Acid (NA), as a critical component of neural myelin sheaths, maintains nerve cell structural integrity and function. Due to limited synthesis in humans, it is primarily obtained through plant extraction, chemical synthesis, or biosynthetic methods. Its bioactive properties and applications encompass: mitigating oxidative stress and improving cognitive function; balancing pro-/anti-inflammatory factors to alleviate inflammation in organs such as liver or colon while modulating gut microbiota; its level fluctuations being closely associated with psychiatric disorders and metabolic diseases, demonstrating biomarker potential for early diagnosis. Furthermore, nervonic acid exerts multi-dimensional protective effects on cardiovascular health and metabolic homeostasis, while serving as a functional ingredient in dietary supplements and infant formula. This review systematically elaborates on the three primary sources of nervonic acid, discusses its biological functions in neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and metabolic regulation, and explores its potential applications in biomarker development and functional foods. The review aims to provide an important theoretical foundation for future disease prevention strategies and the development of health-oriented products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105551
Ran Li , Qian Jiao , Liya Song , Youjie He , Huaming He , Cheng Zhou , Yan Jia
Background
Scalp sensitivity is an increasing global concern. While its pathophysiology remains unclear, evidence suggests its close association with skin barrier dysfunction caused by lipid secretion dysregulation.
Objective
To identify potential biomarkers for the sensitive scalp through comprehensive analysis of physiological parameters (pH, TEWL, erythera) and scalp lipidomic profiling.
Methods
A total of 100 females aged 18–25 years (50 with the sensitive scalp and 50 with the non-sensitive scalp) were recruited in Beijing area. Lipidomics analysis of the collected scalp lipid samples was conducted using UPLC-QTOF-MS to identify differential lipids. Additionally, physiological parameters of the scalp were measured using non-invasive methods.
Results
The sensitive scalp group exhibited higher levels of TEWL, pH, erythera, and scalp imaging revealed increased redness in the sensitive scalp group. The lipidomics analysis identified 46 characteristic lipids. Furthermore, lipids of the [ST], [PR], [GP], and [FA] categories were significantly negatively correlated with physiological parameters, while lipids of the [SP] and [GL] categories displayed a significant positive correlation.
Conclusion
This study reveals distinct differences in physical characteristics and surface lipid composition between sensitive and non-sensitive scalps, identifying specific lipids that play a critical role in scalp sensitivity.
{"title":"Lipidomic profiling of of cutaneous surface lipid alterations in sensitive scalp in Beijing","authors":"Ran Li , Qian Jiao , Liya Song , Youjie He , Huaming He , Cheng Zhou , Yan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Scalp sensitivity is an increasing global concern. While its pathophysiology remains unclear, evidence suggests its close association with skin barrier dysfunction caused by lipid secretion dysregulation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify potential biomarkers for the sensitive scalp through comprehensive analysis of physiological parameters (pH, TEWL, erythera) and scalp lipidomic profiling.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 100 females aged 18–25 years (50 with the sensitive scalp and 50 with the non-sensitive scalp) were recruited in Beijing area. Lipidomics analysis of the collected scalp lipid samples was conducted using UPLC-QTOF-MS to identify differential lipids. Additionally, physiological parameters of the scalp were measured using non-invasive methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sensitive scalp group exhibited higher levels of TEWL, pH, erythera, and scalp imaging revealed increased redness in the sensitive scalp group. The lipidomics analysis identified 46 characteristic lipids. Furthermore, lipids of the [ST], [PR], [GP], and [FA] categories were significantly negatively correlated with physiological parameters, while lipids of the [SP] and [GL] categories displayed a significant positive correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals distinct differences in physical characteristics and surface lipid composition between sensitive and non-sensitive scalps, identifying specific lipids that play a critical role in scalp sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105553
Natalia Rivero, Martha C. Daza, Markus Doerr
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Effect of the CER[NP]:CER[AP] a ratio on the structure of a stratum corneum model lipid matrix - a molecular dynamics study\" [Chem. Phys. Lipid. 250 (2023) 105259]","authors":"Natalia Rivero, Martha C. Daza, Markus Doerr","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105553","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intercellular lipid matrix of stratum corneum is composed of many lipid components, including ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol, which nonetheless form regularly arranged structures; short- and long-period lamellar structures, and hexagonal and orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structures. From the viewpoint of compatibility among the structures, there should be a correlation between a lamellar structure arranged periodically along the long axis of the lipid molecules and a packing structure of the hydrocarbon chains in the plane orthogonal to the long axis. To address this issue, differential scanning calorimetry and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction experiment were performed on human stratum corneum. A detailed comparative analysis of the results on phase transitions obtained by the two methods revealed that the short-period lamellar structure has the orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure that is normally observed, while the long-period lamellar structure has another orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure hidden in the normal structure, and furthermore, the hexagonal hydrocarbon-chain packing structure does not appear to form a corresponding multilamellar structure and start to undergo a phase transition to the liquid state approximately at 33 °C. The domain constructed with the short-period lamellar structure and the orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure is important in considering the water regulation mechanism in stratum corneum, since it provides evidence not only of the water layer of the former but also of changes in the head group of the latter.
{"title":"Coexistence of domains composed of intercellular lipids in stratum corneum as studied by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry","authors":"Ichiro Hatta , Yoshitomo Furushima , Masaru Nakada , Tsuneyuki Yamane","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intercellular lipid matrix of stratum corneum is composed of many lipid components, including ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol, which nonetheless form regularly arranged structures; short- and long-period lamellar structures, and hexagonal and orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structures. From the viewpoint of compatibility among the structures, there should be a correlation between a lamellar structure arranged periodically along the long axis of the lipid molecules and a packing structure of the hydrocarbon chains in the plane orthogonal to the long axis. To address this issue, differential scanning calorimetry and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction experiment were performed on human stratum corneum. A detailed comparative analysis of the results on phase transitions obtained by the two methods revealed that the short-period lamellar structure has the orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure that is normally observed, while the long-period lamellar structure has another orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure hidden in the normal structure, and furthermore, the hexagonal hydrocarbon-chain packing structure does not appear to form a corresponding multilamellar structure and start to undergo a phase transition to the liquid state approximately at 33 °C. The domain constructed with the short-period lamellar structure and the orthorhombic hydrocarbon-chain packing structure is important in considering the water regulation mechanism in stratum corneum, since it provides evidence not only of the water layer of the former but also of changes in the head group of the latter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145407662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) exhibit potential anticancer activity, but their systematic evaluation and comparison with straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SSFAs) remain limited due to monomer accessibility issues. This study utilized lanolin, a rich BCFA/SSFA mixture, to systematically assess anti-hepatoma activities of 50 fatty acids using multiple linear regression (MLR) and orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) models combined with HepG2 cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays. MLR identified iso-C13:0 as a unique protective fatty acid, while OPLS revealed strong explanatory power (R2X = 0.827–0.997, R2Y = 0.718–0.782) and key anti-hepatoma fatty acids, including SSFAs (C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C19:0, C21:0) and BCFAs (16–19-carbon iso-BCFAs, 14–19-carbon anteiso-BCFAs). Notably, SSFAs outperformed BCFAs in certain activities, and a structure-activity trend emerged: odd-carbon BCFAs favored cell cycle arrest, even-carbon BCFAs promoted apoptosis, and 13–21-carbon fatty acids showed stronger activity. The integrated approach validated lanolin as an ideal matrix for functional lipid screening, providing a methodology to identify anticancer fatty acids in complex mixtures and challenging the conventional superiority of BCFAs.
{"title":"Branched-chain fatty acids with different structure exhibit distinct anti-hepatoma activities and characteristics","authors":"Yaqi Huang, Houyue Li, Jialing Gu, Zongrun Li, Weijia Bao, Xiaosan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) exhibit potential anticancer activity, but their systematic evaluation and comparison with straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SSFAs) remain limited due to monomer accessibility issues. This study utilized lanolin, a rich BCFA/SSFA mixture, to systematically assess anti-hepatoma activities of 50 fatty acids using multiple linear regression (MLR) and orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) models combined with HepG2 cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays. MLR identified <em>iso</em>-C13:0 as a unique protective fatty acid, while OPLS revealed strong explanatory power (R2X = 0.827–0.997, R2Y = 0.718–0.782) and key anti-hepatoma fatty acids, including SSFAs (C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C19:0, C21:0) and BCFAs (16–19-carbon <em>iso</em>-BCFAs, 14–19-carbon <em>anteiso</em>-BCFAs). Notably, SSFAs outperformed BCFAs in certain activities, and a structure-activity trend emerged: odd-carbon BCFAs favored cell cycle arrest, even-carbon BCFAs promoted apoptosis, and 13–21-carbon fatty acids showed stronger activity. The integrated approach validated lanolin as an ideal matrix for functional lipid screening, providing a methodology to identify anticancer fatty acids in complex mixtures and challenging the conventional superiority of BCFAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105550
Jesus Ayala-Sanmartin , Antonin Lamazière
The role of cholesterol in the organization and ordering of membrane domains has been well established over the past decades. However, the involvement of cholesterol precursors and byproduct sterols in modulating the physicochemical properties of cell membranes remains less thoroughly explored. In this study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol, two hydroxylated catabolites (24-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol), and two biosynthesis precursors (desmosterol and lanosterol) on model of liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) membrane domains. Membrane ordering and molecular mobility were assessed using two fluorescent probes; Laurdan, which senses polarity near the membrane aqueous interface and cholesterol-pyrene, which senses ordering closer to the center of the membrane bilayer. The results showed that Laurdan can distinguish between environmental polarity and the contribution of membrane domains. The probe mobility varied depending on the sterol and did not strictly correlate with membrane order. Cholesterol–pyrene revealed that the sterols induce varying degrees of ordering around the bilayer center. A notable observation in Ld membranes using different probes was that the ordering effect of sterols was similar near the lipid head groups and at the center of the bilayer. Hydroxycholesterols exhibited a low ordering effect, whereas cholesterol and desmosterol induced a strong effect. In contrast, in Lo membranes, hydroxycholesterols produced a strong ordering effect near the head groups but a reduced effect near the bilayer center.
{"title":"Cholesterol and related sterols differentially modulate lipid domain dynamics in model membranes: A dual-probe analysis of domain-specific effects","authors":"Jesus Ayala-Sanmartin , Antonin Lamazière","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of cholesterol in the organization and ordering of membrane domains has been well established over the past decades. However, the involvement of cholesterol precursors and byproduct sterols in modulating the physicochemical properties of cell membranes remains less thoroughly explored. In this study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol, two hydroxylated catabolites (24-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol), and two biosynthesis precursors (desmosterol and lanosterol) on model of liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) membrane domains. Membrane ordering and molecular mobility were assessed using two fluorescent probes; Laurdan, which senses polarity near the membrane aqueous interface and cholesterol-pyrene, which senses ordering closer to the center of the membrane bilayer. The results showed that Laurdan can distinguish between environmental polarity and the contribution of membrane domains. The probe mobility varied depending on the sterol and did not strictly correlate with membrane order. Cholesterol–pyrene revealed that the sterols induce varying degrees of ordering around the bilayer center. A notable observation in Ld membranes using different probes was that the ordering effect of sterols was similar near the lipid head groups and at the center of the bilayer. Hydroxycholesterols exhibited a low ordering effect, whereas cholesterol and desmosterol induced a strong effect. In contrast, in Lo membranes, hydroxycholesterols produced a strong ordering effect near the head groups but a reduced effect near the bilayer center.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":275,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipids","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2025.105548
Maria Eugênia B. Rocha , Raquel da Ana , Faezeh Fathi , M. Beatriz P.P. Oliveira , Leticia Kakuda , Wanderley P. Oliveira , Eliana B. Souto
The selection of lipids and their ratios play a critical role in determining drug loading capacity and the structural properties of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), directly impacting their stability. Among liquid lipids, vegetable oils have been explored both as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and as excipients in NLCs intended for topical use. The pulp oil of Tucumã, derived from Brazilian biodiversity, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, attributed to its high content of carotenoids. This study focused on evaluating the compatibility of Tucumã oil with various solid lipids (SLs) commonly used in NLC production, developing an optimized NLC formulation containing this oil, and monitoring its stability over a 28-days’ period. Lipid screening was performed to assess the compatibility of Tucumã oil with a series of SLs, followed by preliminary formulations to determine the type of SL and surfactant for the experimental design. A 22 experimental factorial design was used to understand and identify the significant effects and interactions of lipid phase and surfactant concentrations on Tucumã oil-loaded NLCs, and the stability of the optimized formulation was monitored by determining the mean particle size (z-Ave), polydispersity index (PI), zeta potential (ZP), and recrystallization index (RI%) over 28 days. Compritol® was identified as the most suitable SL, resulting in round shaped NLCs with z-Ave of 309 nm, PI of 0.23 and high ZP (−25.5 mV). The RI% was shown to be influenced by the storage time and temperature. The optimal formulation contained 8 % of lipid phase (at a 20:80 ratio of oil to SL) and 3 % of Tween® 80 as surfactant, showing stability at 5ºC, 25ºC and 40ºC. The experimental factorial design revealed a positive effect of surfactant concentration on z-Ave and PI, with no significant impact on ZP. Over time, NLCs exhibited a gradual color loss (becoming whiter), with no other signs of instability. These findings support the potential use of Tucumã oil for producing stable NLCs suitable for topical delivery.
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