Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic disease that affects 0.6 - 1.9 /1,000 children. Persistent joint inflammation conditions cartilage damage and erosions. Recent studies have shown that clinical examination significantly underestimates joint inflammation, with ultrasound having a higher sensitivity. The aim of this study was determined the prevalence of subclinical synovitis by musculoskeletal ultrasound in Mexican children with JIA in remission. Methods: Cross-sectional study, patients with JIA in clinical remission based on the Wallace criteria were included, with and without pharmacological treatment, we also included a control group of healthy children. The evaluation was performed by a certified Rheumatologist in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasound by EULAR. Joints clinically examined were also evaluated following the standard guidelines. Results: A total of 37 JIA patients with clinical remission and 33 healthy children were evaluated (1260 joints scanned), subclinical activity was detected in 15/37 (40.5%) patients and none of healthy children; 14 patients were still on treatment (93.3%). The subclinical activity was detected by gray scale in 22/1260 (1.7%) or by power Doppler (PD) in 15/1260 (1.1%) joints, the knee was involved in 13/22 (59%) joints. The subtype mainly affected was the rheumatoid factor-positive (FR) polyarticular (33.3%), erosions were detected in three patients (8%). In the knee, we observed slight distention of the supra patellar recess, evidenced in 19/33 healthy children (57.5%), predominantly among children aged 4 to 8 years. When comparing the groups with or without subclinical synovitis, no statistically significant differences were found with regard to age, evolution time or acute phase reactants. Conclusions: Subclinical synovitis was detected in 40.5% of the patients in clinical remission using gray scale or by power Doppler, mainly on those who were still on treatment. The most affected subtype was the rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular, the knees were the most frequent involved. In the healthy children, a slight distention of the supra patellar recess was observed in almost half of cases.
{"title":"Prevalence of Subclinical Activity by Ultrasound Examination in Mexican Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Remission","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic disease that affects 0.6 - 1.9 /1,000 children. Persistent joint inflammation conditions cartilage damage and erosions. Recent studies have shown that clinical examination significantly underestimates joint inflammation, with ultrasound having a higher sensitivity. The aim of this study was determined the prevalence of subclinical synovitis by musculoskeletal ultrasound in Mexican children with JIA in remission. Methods: Cross-sectional study, patients with JIA in clinical remission based on the Wallace criteria were included, with and without pharmacological treatment, we also included a control group of healthy children. The evaluation was performed by a certified Rheumatologist in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasound by EULAR. Joints clinically examined were also evaluated following the standard guidelines. Results: A total of 37 JIA patients with clinical remission and 33 healthy children were evaluated (1260 joints scanned), subclinical activity was detected in 15/37 (40.5%) patients and none of healthy children; 14 patients were still on treatment (93.3%). The subclinical activity was detected by gray scale in 22/1260 (1.7%) or by power Doppler (PD) in 15/1260 (1.1%) joints, the knee was involved in 13/22 (59%) joints. The subtype mainly affected was the rheumatoid factor-positive (FR) polyarticular (33.3%), erosions were detected in three patients (8%). In the knee, we observed slight distention of the supra patellar recess, evidenced in 19/33 healthy children (57.5%), predominantly among children aged 4 to 8 years. When comparing the groups with or without subclinical synovitis, no statistically significant differences were found with regard to age, evolution time or acute phase reactants. Conclusions: Subclinical synovitis was detected in 40.5% of the patients in clinical remission using gray scale or by power Doppler, mainly on those who were still on treatment. The most affected subtype was the rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular, the knees were the most frequent involved. In the healthy children, a slight distention of the supra patellar recess was observed in almost half of cases.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117104981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aspects of the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and treatment of the disease are discussed. We present two cases of Lyme arthritis and non-rheumatic arthritis. Particular focus is given to borrelial joint disease. We suggest that informing health professionals about such Lyme disease treatment outcome should help practical physicians to distinguish it from allergic reactions or other conditions and improve treatment outcomes.
{"title":"The Problem Of Diagnosis Of Lyme Arthritis In Children","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aspects of the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and treatment of the disease are discussed. We present two cases of Lyme arthritis and non-rheumatic arthritis. Particular focus is given to borrelial joint disease. We suggest that informing health professionals about such Lyme disease treatment outcome should help practical physicians to distinguish it from allergic reactions or other conditions and improve treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122274423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Covid19 pandemic has changed the vision on how to deal in emergency situations. Advanced technology and spreading growth of internet connection encourage people to use it to obtain helpful advice in critical climate of covid 19 crisis. The aim of this study to through the light on importance of teledentistry in critical emergency situations. Methods/Design A systematic literature review depends on collecting data from an evidence-based studies.Searches were made of eight electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Trials Register, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), , EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of science ,MEDLINE(PubMed). Results Systematic reviews have demonstrated the successful use of teledentistry in diagnosis of gingivitis/periodontitis, plaque and calculus, and presence of teeth exhibiting gingival recession, furcation involvement, erosion, tooth wear, and non-carious cervical lesion, as well as presence of carious, filled, and crowned teeth and implants. In a second opnion assessments and in the periapical radiograph’s interpretation and in education purpose also used. Conclusion Teledentistry improve oral healthcare follow up in critical situation.
2019冠状病毒病大流行改变了如何应对紧急情况的愿景。先进的技术和互联网连接的普及鼓励人们在covid - 19危机的关键环境中使用它来获得有用的建议。本研究的目的是阐明在紧急情况下远程牙科的重要性。方法/设计系统的文献综述依赖于从基于证据的研究中收集数据。检索了8个电子数据库:Cochrane口腔健康组试验注册，Cochrane中央对照试验注册(Central)， EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus和Web of science,MEDLINE(PubMed)。结果:系统评价表明，远端牙科学在诊断牙龈炎/牙周炎、牙菌斑和牙石、出现牙龈萎缩、分叉受累、侵蚀、牙齿磨损和非龋齿宫颈病变以及出现龋齿、补牙、冠牙和种植体方面的成功应用。在第二意见评估和在根尖周x线片的解释和教育目的也使用。结论远程口腔医学提高了危重患者的口腔保健随访效果。
{"title":"Virtual Medicine and Teledentistry during covid 19:systematic Reviews","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background Covid19 pandemic has changed the vision on how to deal in emergency situations. Advanced technology and spreading growth of internet connection encourage people to use it to obtain helpful advice in critical climate of covid 19 crisis. The aim of this study to through the light on importance of teledentistry in critical emergency situations. Methods/Design A systematic literature review depends on collecting data from an evidence-based studies.Searches were made of eight electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Trials Register, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), , EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of science ,MEDLINE(PubMed). Results Systematic reviews have demonstrated the successful use of teledentistry in diagnosis of gingivitis/periodontitis, plaque and calculus, and presence of teeth exhibiting gingival recession, furcation involvement, erosion, tooth wear, and non-carious cervical lesion, as well as presence of carious, filled, and crowned teeth and implants. In a second opnion assessments and in the periapical radiograph’s interpretation and in education purpose also used. Conclusion Teledentistry improve oral healthcare follow up in critical situation.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130459247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID 19 is primarily characterized as severe respiratory syndrome, careful review revealed that it has multisystem involvement (Mao et al 2020). Due to its potentially damaging effects on respiratory system it is termed as SARS- COV 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2). However, severity of the disease differentially changes from one to another geographical area and on the viral load of people affected. It has been shown from recent studies that the virus acquired several mutations on the spike protein which is the receptor binding domain of the virus particle. These mutations also alter the glycosylation pattern of the viral envelop. Mutation also differentially glycosylate the S1 and S1 domain of the spike protein and thereby modulate its infectivity through changes the potentiality of binding with ACE2 receptor. Changes in infectivity may also alter immunogenicity and manifestation spectra of the disease. ACE 2 receptor mutation site also perturb the glycosylation pattern and therefore alters the binding capacity with virus. All these mutations may potentially alter disease severity which is reported worldwide. Mutation of SARS-CoV 2 and ACE2 receptor in combination or in alone therefore modulate the entire picture of disease scenario which is the most interested part of COVID research. In this review we are going to unrevealing these areas of COVID -19 disease spectra.
{"title":"Mutational Spectra of Sars-Cov-2 And Ace 2 Can Modify Infectivity, Immunogenicity and Disease Severity: A Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"COVID 19 is primarily characterized as severe respiratory syndrome, careful review revealed that it has multisystem involvement (Mao et al 2020). Due to its potentially damaging effects on respiratory system it is termed as SARS- COV 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2). However, severity of the disease differentially changes from one to another geographical area and on the viral load of people affected. It has been shown from recent studies that the virus acquired several mutations on the spike protein which is the receptor binding domain of the virus particle. These mutations also alter the glycosylation pattern of the viral envelop. Mutation also differentially glycosylate the S1 and S1 domain of the spike protein and thereby modulate its infectivity through changes the potentiality of binding with ACE2 receptor. Changes in infectivity may also alter immunogenicity and manifestation spectra of the disease. ACE 2 receptor mutation site also perturb the glycosylation pattern and therefore alters the binding capacity with virus. All these mutations may potentially alter disease severity which is reported worldwide. Mutation of SARS-CoV 2 and ACE2 receptor in combination or in alone therefore modulate the entire picture of disease scenario which is the most interested part of COVID research. In this review we are going to unrevealing these areas of COVID -19 disease spectra.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122108341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic diseases caused by Sarcoptes scabies var hominies. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study was aimed to investigate scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51(1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52(3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44(1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63(2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31(3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.
{"title":"Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Its Risk Factors in Gumbichu District, East Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study","authors":"Fufa Balcha","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic diseases caused by Sarcoptes scabies var hominies. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study was aimed to investigate scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51(1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52(3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44(1.72-76.22)], family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63(2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31(3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129655044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the awareness of patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) regarding life style modification. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a Sudan heart institute at Khartoum State- Sudan during a period from January 2020 to March 2020, the study population consisted of 100 consecutive coronary artery disease (CAD) patients aged less than 70 years who visit the outpatient clinic during the period of study. Physical examination, a careful medical interview with assessment for lifestyle habits, adherence to pharmacological therapy were performed. Results: Overall, patients had a high level of awareness about coronary artery disease (CAD) (68%), its risk factors, including obesity (95%), smoking (91%), hypertension (84%), DM (69%). Also, there was a relationship between the level of education and the definition of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the patients face the difficulty of modifying their lifestyle habits. Conclusions: There were substantial disparities in the confidence levels associated with lifestyle modification and recognition/response to heart attack. These gaps need to be studied further and disseminated to improve cardiovascular care.
{"title":"Assessment of Awareness of Coronary Artery Disease Patients Regarding Lifestyle Modifications","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the awareness of patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) regarding life style modification. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a Sudan heart institute at Khartoum State- Sudan during a period from January 2020 to March 2020, the study population consisted of 100 consecutive coronary artery disease (CAD) patients aged less than 70 years who visit the outpatient clinic during the period of study. Physical examination, a careful medical interview with assessment for lifestyle habits, adherence to pharmacological therapy were performed. Results: Overall, patients had a high level of awareness about coronary artery disease (CAD) (68%), its risk factors, including obesity (95%), smoking (91%), hypertension (84%), DM (69%). Also, there was a relationship between the level of education and the definition of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the patients face the difficulty of modifying their lifestyle habits. Conclusions: There were substantial disparities in the confidence levels associated with lifestyle modification and recognition/response to heart attack. These gaps need to be studied further and disseminated to improve cardiovascular care.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134240011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Psychological discomfort is a state of emotional distress caused by everyday stressors and obligations that are difficult to manage. It’s one of the most common mental health problems on the planet. The physical status of a person has an impact on his or her psychological well-being, and if not handled well, it will eventually have an impact on his or her well-being. Orthopedic trauma has a wide range of effects on survivors’ physical health, as well as a variety of mental health concerns that impede recovery. Psychiatric problems and behavioral abnormalities are 3-5 times more common in people who have been harmed, and they are a predictor of poor outcomes. It is crucial to begin further therapies as soon as possible. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Dilla University Referral Hospital on an institutional basis. The data was collected via a face-to-face interview and the Kessler psychological distress scale (K-10) was used to assess psychological distress. A total of 366 people were chosen using simple random selection. SPSS21 was used to enter and evaluate the data. To find related factors, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used. Variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. Result: Out of all respondents, 114 (31.4%) of the individuals have experienced psychological anguish. Independent variables such as being female (adjusted odds ratio (AOR=5.8, 95 percent CI (3.5-11.1), being under 27 years old (AOR=2.34, 95 percent CI (1.89-3.68), being unable to read and write educational status, married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR=2.67(1.24-5.34), poor social support (AOR=1.4, 95 percent CI (1.21-2.89), and poor sleep quality (AOR=1.5, 95 percent). Conclusion: The prevalence of psychological distress was high. Being female, having poor social support, and having a high PSQI score were significantly associated factors with psychological distress. It is good if clinicians emphasize orthopedic patients especially females and those having poor social support and low sleep quality symptoms.
{"title":"Psychological distress and associated factors among patients attending orthopedic unit, Dilla university referral hospital, Dilla, Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychological discomfort is a state of emotional distress caused by everyday stressors and obligations that are difficult to manage. It’s one of the most common mental health problems on the planet. The physical status of a person has an impact on his or her psychological well-being, and if not handled well, it will eventually have an impact on his or her well-being. Orthopedic trauma has a wide range of effects on survivors’ physical health, as well as a variety of mental health concerns that impede recovery. Psychiatric problems and behavioral abnormalities are 3-5 times more common in people who have been harmed, and they are a predictor of poor outcomes. It is crucial to begin further therapies as soon as possible. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Dilla University Referral Hospital on an institutional basis. The data was collected via a face-to-face interview and the Kessler psychological distress scale (K-10) was used to assess psychological distress. A total of 366 people were chosen using simple random selection. SPSS21 was used to enter and evaluate the data. To find related factors, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used. Variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. Result: Out of all respondents, 114 (31.4%) of the individuals have experienced psychological anguish. Independent variables such as being female (adjusted odds ratio (AOR=5.8, 95 percent CI (3.5-11.1), being under 27 years old (AOR=2.34, 95 percent CI (1.89-3.68), being unable to read and write educational status, married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR=2.67(1.24-5.34), poor social support (AOR=1.4, 95 percent CI (1.21-2.89), and poor sleep quality (AOR=1.5, 95 percent). Conclusion: The prevalence of psychological distress was high. Being female, having poor social support, and having a high PSQI score were significantly associated factors with psychological distress. It is good if clinicians emphasize orthopedic patients especially females and those having poor social support and low sleep quality symptoms.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122495073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The non-biodegradability of organic pollutants and their adverse effects on plant and living organisms makes their removal from the environment vital for the preservation of the ecosystem. In this study, Photocatalysis (one of the advanced oxidation processes) was employed for the removal of methylene blue dye (MBD). Phyto-enhanced synthesized Zinc oxide (G.S ZnO) were precipitated from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and Papaya leaf extracts. The precipitates were dried at 100 oC for 24 hours, and doped hydrothermally with nitrogen from Urea at different doping ratios (10%, 5% and 2%). Preliminary degradation of MBD with the different compositions of Photocatalyst revealed that 5% G.S N-ZnO had superior photocatalytic capabilities than pure ZnO, 10% G.S N-ZnO, 2% G.S N-ZnO. The effects of solution pH, 5% G.S N-ZnO dosage and initial solution concentration on MBD degradation were studied. An optimum percentage degradation of 83% and 97.5% were observed for pure ZnO and G.S. N-ZnO photocatalyst at a solution pH of 9.0, MB solution concentration of 10 mg/L and photocatalyst of dosage of 100 mg. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to study morphology, structural properties, surface area and pore volume, and functional groups of Pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO. FTIR spectra of the 5% G.S N-ZnO was in the range of 4000-500cm-1, and the ZnO group of G.S N-ZnO was at a low wavenumber. The BET result revealed the surface area of 5% G.S N-ZnO to be 113.3cm2/g which was five times that of pure ZnO. The BET result showed an increase in pore volume and diameter (2.118nm and 0.055cm3/g) of 5% G.S N-ZnO against that of pure ZnO (1.452 nm and 0.010 cm3/g). The shift of the XRD pattern between pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO affirms the presence of dopants in the crystalline structure of ZnO. The average crystallite sizes of pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO were 34.7nm and 24.8nm, respectively. The findings from this research revealed that the simultaneous use of green synthesis and doping could further improve the degradation of methylene blue dye compounds in industrial effluents and ultimately increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes/systems.
{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye with Green Zinc Oxide Doped with Nitrogen","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The non-biodegradability of organic pollutants and their adverse effects on plant and living organisms makes their removal from the environment vital for the preservation of the ecosystem. In this study, Photocatalysis (one of the advanced oxidation processes) was employed for the removal of methylene blue dye (MBD). Phyto-enhanced synthesized Zinc oxide (G.S ZnO) were precipitated from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and Papaya leaf extracts. The precipitates were dried at 100 oC for 24 hours, and doped hydrothermally with nitrogen from Urea at different doping ratios (10%, 5% and 2%). Preliminary degradation of MBD with the different compositions of Photocatalyst revealed that 5% G.S N-ZnO had superior photocatalytic capabilities than pure ZnO, 10% G.S N-ZnO, 2% G.S N-ZnO. The effects of solution pH, 5% G.S N-ZnO dosage and initial solution concentration on MBD degradation were studied. An optimum percentage degradation of 83% and 97.5% were observed for pure ZnO and G.S. N-ZnO photocatalyst at a solution pH of 9.0, MB solution concentration of 10 mg/L and photocatalyst of dosage of 100 mg. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to study morphology, structural properties, surface area and pore volume, and functional groups of Pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO. FTIR spectra of the 5% G.S N-ZnO was in the range of 4000-500cm-1, and the ZnO group of G.S N-ZnO was at a low wavenumber. The BET result revealed the surface area of 5% G.S N-ZnO to be 113.3cm2/g which was five times that of pure ZnO. The BET result showed an increase in pore volume and diameter (2.118nm and 0.055cm3/g) of 5% G.S N-ZnO against that of pure ZnO (1.452 nm and 0.010 cm3/g). The shift of the XRD pattern between pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO affirms the presence of dopants in the crystalline structure of ZnO. The average crystallite sizes of pure ZnO and 5% G.S N-ZnO were 34.7nm and 24.8nm, respectively. The findings from this research revealed that the simultaneous use of green synthesis and doping could further improve the degradation of methylene blue dye compounds in industrial effluents and ultimately increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes/systems.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116526613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hypophosphatemic rickets can cause a variety of bone and joint symptoms, one of its rare presentations is sacroiliac joint involvement, which may be mistaken for inflammatory spondylitis. Discussion: Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old African American woman who presented with a 2-year history of lower back pain and morning stiffness initially suspected to be due to inflammatory spondyloarthritis. Laboratory tests revealed negative inflammatory markers, normal serum calcium, vitamin D3, and parathyroid hormone level: - However, alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated and serum phosphorus level was low. MRI of the lumbosacral spine revealed mild widening of the sacroiliac joint with periarticular sclerosis. Her condition was attributed to a known diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets affecting her sacroiliac joints. Her symptoms gradually improved after conservative treatment with physical therapy, NSAIDs, phosphate and vitamin D supplementations. Based on our literature review, we have come across only five rickets cases with similar presentations. Two paints previously undiagnosed hypophosphatemic rickets at 14 and 35 years, respectively. One case was related to vitamin D-deficient rickets, and the final two cases were adult-onset vitamin D-resistant rickets misdiagnosed as ankylosing spondylitis. Radiological signs of sacroiliac joint involvement in these cases include narrowing of the sacroiliac joints, fusion of the sacroiliac joints, subchondral hypointense signal changes, and chondral surface irregularities. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduce the incidence of rickets; however, there are still cases of familial rickets that can present with a variety of symptoms, including signs and symptoms consistent with inflammatory spondylitis, which can be easily misdiagnosed or mistreated if this presentation is not recognized.
{"title":"X-linked Rickets with Inflammatory Sacroiliitis-like Presentation: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypophosphatemic rickets can cause a variety of bone and joint symptoms, one of its rare presentations is sacroiliac joint involvement, which may be mistaken for inflammatory spondylitis. Discussion: Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old African American woman who presented with a 2-year history of lower back pain and morning stiffness initially suspected to be due to inflammatory spondyloarthritis. Laboratory tests revealed negative inflammatory markers, normal serum calcium, vitamin D3, and parathyroid hormone level: - However, alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated and serum phosphorus level was low. MRI of the lumbosacral spine revealed mild widening of the sacroiliac joint with periarticular sclerosis. Her condition was attributed to a known diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets affecting her sacroiliac joints. Her symptoms gradually improved after conservative treatment with physical therapy, NSAIDs, phosphate and vitamin D supplementations. Based on our literature review, we have come across only five rickets cases with similar presentations. Two paints previously undiagnosed hypophosphatemic rickets at 14 and 35 years, respectively. One case was related to vitamin D-deficient rickets, and the final two cases were adult-onset vitamin D-resistant rickets misdiagnosed as ankylosing spondylitis. Radiological signs of sacroiliac joint involvement in these cases include narrowing of the sacroiliac joints, fusion of the sacroiliac joints, subchondral hypointense signal changes, and chondral surface irregularities. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduce the incidence of rickets; however, there are still cases of familial rickets that can present with a variety of symptoms, including signs and symptoms consistent with inflammatory spondylitis, which can be easily misdiagnosed or mistreated if this presentation is not recognized.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease syndrome for which there is no good treatment. In this study, we investigated the expression changes of miR-181c-5p in osteoporosis-derived BMMSCs, and the role and molecular mechanism in the osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Methods: In this study, an OP mouse model was successfully established using the ovariectomy method, and osteoporotic-derived BMMSCs (O-BMMSCs) and sham-operated-derived BMMSCs (S-BMMSCs) were isolated and cultured using the whole bone marrow method. A genetic screen revealed that miR-181c-5p was differentially expressed in O-BMMSCs and S-BMMSCs. The expression levels of miR-181c-5p in BMMSCs were overexpressed or inhibited by cell transfection, and the regulatory effects of miR-181c-5p on the proliferation and osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs were examined using MTT, multi-directional differentiation induction, alizarin red staining, oil red O staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Candidate target genes for miR181c-5p were screened by target gene prediction software and bioinformatics websites, and target gene validation was performed. Results: The study found that overexpression of miR-181c-5p or inhibition of miR-181c-5p had no significant effect on the proliferation ability of BMMSCs. Upregulation of miR-181c-5p could reduce the osteogenic ability and enhance the adipogenic ability of BMMSCs, while downregulation of miR-181c-5p could increase the osteogenic ability and inhibit the adipogenic ability of BMMSCs. Besides, Foxo1 was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-181c-5p, and miR-181c-5p negatively regulated Foxo1 expression. Downregulation of miR-181c-5p in O-BMMSCs promoted Foxo1 expression, improved the osteogenic differentiation of O-BMMSCs, and reduced abnormal lipogenic differentiation of O-BMMSCs and eventually partially restored the normal differentiation ability of O-BMMSCs. Conclusion: miR-181c-5p regulated the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by negatively regulating the expression of target gene Foxo1. The overexpression of miR-181c-5p in the process of osteoporosis leads to the disruption of the balance of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, and reduces the bone formation ability of stem cells.
{"title":"The Regulatory Effect of Mir-181c-5p On the Differentiation Function of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Mice","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcrr.02.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcrr.02.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease syndrome for which there is no good treatment. In this study, we investigated the expression changes of miR-181c-5p in osteoporosis-derived BMMSCs, and the role and molecular mechanism in the osteogenic-lipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Methods: In this study, an OP mouse model was successfully established using the ovariectomy method, and osteoporotic-derived BMMSCs (O-BMMSCs) and sham-operated-derived BMMSCs (S-BMMSCs) were isolated and cultured using the whole bone marrow method. A genetic screen revealed that miR-181c-5p was differentially expressed in O-BMMSCs and S-BMMSCs. The expression levels of miR-181c-5p in BMMSCs were overexpressed or inhibited by cell transfection, and the regulatory effects of miR-181c-5p on the proliferation and osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs were examined using MTT, multi-directional differentiation induction, alizarin red staining, oil red O staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Candidate target genes for miR181c-5p were screened by target gene prediction software and bioinformatics websites, and target gene validation was performed. Results: The study found that overexpression of miR-181c-5p or inhibition of miR-181c-5p had no significant effect on the proliferation ability of BMMSCs. Upregulation of miR-181c-5p could reduce the osteogenic ability and enhance the adipogenic ability of BMMSCs, while downregulation of miR-181c-5p could increase the osteogenic ability and inhibit the adipogenic ability of BMMSCs. Besides, Foxo1 was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-181c-5p, and miR-181c-5p negatively regulated Foxo1 expression. Downregulation of miR-181c-5p in O-BMMSCs promoted Foxo1 expression, improved the osteogenic differentiation of O-BMMSCs, and reduced abnormal lipogenic differentiation of O-BMMSCs and eventually partially restored the normal differentiation ability of O-BMMSCs. Conclusion: miR-181c-5p regulated the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by negatively regulating the expression of target gene Foxo1. The overexpression of miR-181c-5p in the process of osteoporosis leads to the disruption of the balance of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, and reduces the bone formation ability of stem cells.","PeriodicalId":275032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131111650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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