Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-21
H. Canton
ion of surface water and groundwater varies greatly within the ESCWA region. Countries which have scarce groundwater and surface water resources, adopted water management strategies such as wastewater treatment and desalination to meet the demand. Other ESCWA countries with relatively abundant water resources do not adequately manage the resources leading to low per capita consumption (i.e. Lebanon and Yemen). ًاريثك ةيفوجلا هايملاو ةيحطسلا هايملا جارختسا توافتي .اوكسلإا ةقطنم نادلب نيب نم يناعت يتلا نادلبلا تدمتعا دقو ةرادلإ تايجيتارتسا ةيحطسلاو ةيفوجلا ةيئاملا دراوملا ةردن ةيبلتل رحبلا هايم ةيلحتو ةمداعلا هايملا ةجلاعم لثم هايملا دراوملا ثيح ،ىرخأ نادلب دمعت لا ،ىرخأ ةهج نم .بلطلا بسانم لكشب ةيئاملا دراوملا ةرادإ ىلإ ،ًايبسن ةريفو ةيئاملا ضافخنا ىلإ يدؤي امم بيصن درفلا كلاهتسلاا نم لثم) .(نميلاو نانبل Groundwater abstraction increased by 13 per cent between 2005 and 2008 in the ESCWA region. At the national level, Bahrain and Kuwait recorded a significant drop in the abstraction of groundwater with a decrease of 42 and 13 per cent respectively in three years, while Oman increased its abstraction by 77 per cent over the same period (table I.7). ةبسنب ةيفوجلا هايملا جارختسا داز دقو 13 ةئاملا يف يماع نيب 2005 و 2008 ىوتسم ىلعو .اوكسلإا ةقطنم يف يف ًاداح ًاضافخنا تيوكلاو نيرحبلا نم لك لجّس ،نادلبلا نيرحبلا يف عجارتلا ةبسن تغلبف ،ةيفوجلا هايملا جارختسا 42 تيوكلا يفو ةئاملا يف 13 اميف ،تاونس ثلاث يف ةئاملا يف ةبسنب نامع يف هايملا جارختسا داز 77 ةرتفلا للاخ ةئاملا يف لودجلا) اهسفن I.7 .( The difference between freshwater abstraction and use is attributed to the quantity of water abstracted and not used but returned to the environment or the economy. In table I.9, detailed figures are presented on the consumption of each sector (domestic, agriculture, industry and other sectors) per year between 2006 and 2009. In 2007, the highest consumption recorded was that of the agricultural sector with 90.6 per cent, followed by ةجرختسملا ةبذعلا هايملا نيب نيابتلا دوعيو ةمدختسملا ريغو ةجرختسملا هايملا ةيمك ىلإ ةمدختسملاو .داصتقلاا وأ ةئيبلا يف اهخض داعيُ يتلا لودجلا نيّبيو I.9 مادختسلاا) عاطق لكل يونسلا كلاهتسلاا نع ةلصّفملا ماقرلأا نيب (تاعاطقلا نم اهريغو ،يعانصلاو ،يعارزلاو ،يلزنملا يماع 2006 و 2009 ماع يفو . 2007 عاطقلا لجّس ، ةبسنب كلاهتسلاا نم ىلعلأا ةبسنلا يعارزلا 90.6 ،ةئاملا يف ةبسنب يلزنملا مادختسلاا هيلي 6.6 يعانصلا مّث ،ةئاملا يف
{"title":"Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia—ESCWA","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-21","url":null,"abstract":"ion of surface water and groundwater varies greatly within the ESCWA region. Countries which have scarce groundwater and surface water resources, adopted water management strategies such as wastewater treatment and desalination to meet the demand. Other ESCWA countries with relatively abundant water resources do not adequately manage the resources leading to low per capita consumption (i.e. Lebanon and Yemen). ًاريثك ةيفوجلا هايملاو ةيحطسلا هايملا جارختسا توافتي .اوكسلإا ةقطنم نادلب نيب نم يناعت يتلا نادلبلا تدمتعا دقو ةرادلإ تايجيتارتسا ةيحطسلاو ةيفوجلا ةيئاملا دراوملا ةردن ةيبلتل رحبلا هايم ةيلحتو ةمداعلا هايملا ةجلاعم لثم هايملا دراوملا ثيح ،ىرخأ نادلب دمعت لا ،ىرخأ ةهج نم .بلطلا بسانم لكشب ةيئاملا دراوملا ةرادإ ىلإ ،ًايبسن ةريفو ةيئاملا ضافخنا ىلإ يدؤي امم بيصن درفلا كلاهتسلاا نم لثم) .(نميلاو نانبل Groundwater abstraction increased by 13 per cent between 2005 and 2008 in the ESCWA region. At the national level, Bahrain and Kuwait recorded a significant drop in the abstraction of groundwater with a decrease of 42 and 13 per cent respectively in three years, while Oman increased its abstraction by 77 per cent over the same period (table I.7). ةبسنب ةيفوجلا هايملا جارختسا داز دقو 13 ةئاملا يف يماع نيب 2005 و 2008 ىوتسم ىلعو .اوكسلإا ةقطنم يف يف ًاداح ًاضافخنا تيوكلاو نيرحبلا نم لك لجّس ،نادلبلا نيرحبلا يف عجارتلا ةبسن تغلبف ،ةيفوجلا هايملا جارختسا 42 تيوكلا يفو ةئاملا يف 13 اميف ،تاونس ثلاث يف ةئاملا يف ةبسنب نامع يف هايملا جارختسا داز 77 ةرتفلا للاخ ةئاملا يف لودجلا) اهسفن I.7 .( The difference between freshwater abstraction and use is attributed to the quantity of water abstracted and not used but returned to the environment or the economy. In table I.9, detailed figures are presented on the consumption of each sector (domestic, agriculture, industry and other sectors) per year between 2006 and 2009. In 2007, the highest consumption recorded was that of the agricultural sector with 90.6 per cent, followed by ةجرختسملا ةبذعلا هايملا نيب نيابتلا دوعيو ةمدختسملا ريغو ةجرختسملا هايملا ةيمك ىلإ ةمدختسملاو .داصتقلاا وأ ةئيبلا يف اهخض داعيُ يتلا لودجلا نيّبيو I.9 مادختسلاا) عاطق لكل يونسلا كلاهتسلاا نع ةلصّفملا ماقرلأا نيب (تاعاطقلا نم اهريغو ،يعانصلاو ،يعارزلاو ،يلزنملا يماع 2006 و 2009 ماع يفو . 2007 عاطقلا لجّس ، ةبسنب كلاهتسلاا نم ىلعلأا ةبسنلا يعارزلا 90.6 ،ةئاملا يف ةبسنب يلزنملا مادختسلاا هيلي 6.6 يعانصلا مّث ،ةئاملا يف","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123944888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_106
H. Canton
{"title":"Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development—AFESD","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130099627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-53
H. Canton
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has 3 sectors. The Radiocommunication sector (ITU-R) deals with all systems that make use of radio waves. The Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is dealing with international tariffs, treaties and standardization of wired communicated systems. The Study Group 7 (SG 7) is called Science services and deals with Space research, Radio Astronomy and Earth Observation and Meteorological Systems, and its Working Party 7A deals with all Standard Frequency and Time Signal (SFTS) emissions and transfers, also by satellite and other means.
{"title":"International Telecommunication Union—ITU","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-53","url":null,"abstract":"The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has 3 sectors. The Radiocommunication sector (ITU-R) deals with all systems that make use of radio waves. The Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is dealing with international tariffs, treaties and standardization of wired communicated systems. The Study Group 7 (SG 7) is called Science services and deals with Space research, Radio Astronomy and Earth Observation and Meteorological Systems, and its Working Party 7A deals with all Standard Frequency and Time Signal (SFTS) emissions and transfers, also by satellite and other means.","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130577210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-59
H. Canton
{"title":"World Meteorological Organization—WMO","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126956571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-29
H. Canton
UN Women was established by GA Resolution 64/289, and became operational on the 1st of January 2011. Its vision is of a world where women and men have equal opportunities and capacities, where women are empowered and where principles of gender equality are firmly embedded in all efforts to advance development, peace and security. The fundamental objective of UN Women is to enhance national capacity and ownership to enable national partners to formulate gender responsive laws and policies and to scale up successful strategies to deliver on national commitments to gender equality.
{"title":"United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women—UN Women","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-29","url":null,"abstract":"UN Women was established by GA Resolution 64/289, and became operational on the 1st of January 2011. Its vision is of a world where women and men have equal opportunities and capacities, where women are empowered and where principles of gender equality are firmly embedded in all efforts to advance development, peace and security. The fundamental objective of UN Women is to enhance national capacity and ownership to enable national partners to formulate gender responsive laws and policies and to scale up successful strategies to deliver on national commitments to gender equality.","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126761877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-31
H. Canton
{"title":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees—UNHCR","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124366650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-60
H. Canton
{"title":"World Tourism Organization—UNWTO","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-60","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133246335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multilateral Governance and Global Action for Health","authors":"Preslava Stoeva","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133303811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_111
H. Canton
{"title":"Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries—OAPEC","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-70154-4_111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133906813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.4324/9781003179900-113
H. Canton
{"title":"Pacific Islands Forum","authors":"H. Canton","doi":"10.4324/9781003179900-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277604,"journal":{"name":"The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127771488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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