The advantages of the common-aperture dual-mode operation for missile sensor has been identified for some time. An IR FPA offers unsurpassed !seeker resolution terminal guidance, while W-band radar has a wider field of view and longer-range target acquisition, even under adverse weather conditions. The same is true for airbome multiband sensors and other remote sensing applications. For instance, an IR/MMW imaging system can greatly improve aircraft landing capability and make possible all weather, dayhight operations even at airports and landing fields not equipped with modem navigation and landing aids. ’Ihe performance of a dual-mode common-aperture sensor is determined by the performance of each subsystem -the MMW radar and the IR FPA -and of the beam combiner. Figure 1 shows the function of the beam combining element in a dual mode simulator.
{"title":"Infrared/millimeter Wave Beam Combiner Utilizing Holographic Optical Element","authors":"L. Sadovnik, A. Manasson, V. Manasson, S. Mobley","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740257","url":null,"abstract":"The advantages of the common-aperture dual-mode operation for missile sensor has been identified for some time. An IR FPA offers unsurpassed !seeker resolution terminal guidance, while W-band radar has a wider field of view and longer-range target acquisition, even under adverse weather conditions. The same is true for airbome multiband sensors and other remote sensing applications. For instance, an IR/MMW imaging system can greatly improve aircraft landing capability and make possible all weather, dayhight operations even at airports and landing fields not equipped with modem navigation and landing aids. ’Ihe performance of a dual-mode common-aperture sensor is determined by the performance of each subsystem -the MMW radar and the IR FPA -and of the beam combiner. Figure 1 shows the function of the beam combining element in a dual mode simulator.","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128512541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Performance Of A 10GBits/s Artificial Transmission Line LiNbO/sub 3/ Optical Modulator On Coplanar Waveguide","authors":"J. Liang, C. Aitchison","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124571324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the combination of high spatial resolution with high temporal resolution we use a photoconductively gated scanning tunneling microscope (PGSTM). The instrument resolves voltage transients propagating on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) in space and time. In addition, we demonstrate the detection of laser induced field changes in a photoconductor. The setup, shown in Fig. I , differs in two aspects from previously reported designs.[ 1, 21 The tunneling tip is attached to a coplanar strip line providing direct electrical access to the tip. In addition, a fiber supplying the probe beam, is directly connected to the photoconductive (PC) switch which ensures an unconstrained positioning of the tip without variations in the illumination of the PC switch. The 100-fs laser source is split into a pump beam generating an electrical pulse on the sample and a probe beam gating the probe PC switch with a delay. Sample and probe substrates are low temperature grown (LT) GaAs and the PC switch response time is measured to be less than 1 ps. The current preamp controlling the feedback loop is connected to the tunneling tip through one electrode of the coplanar strip line. The other electrode is connected to an external preamp measuring the gated signal. Due to this modification we do not observe the previously reported linear dependence of the transient signal amplitude on the tunneling conductance.[ 13 The amplitude is independent of the tunneling resistance and decreases by a factor of four in a distance of 50 pm above the surface. All results can be explained by coupling through the geometrical capacitance of the tipelectrode gap. The instrument is used to map out the mode structure of voltage transients on transmission lines. Figure 2 shows a gray-scale contour plot of a pulse on a CPW generated
{"title":"Transient Measurements With A Photoconductively Gated Scanning Tunneling Microscope","authors":"U. Keil, J. R. Jensen, J. Hvam","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740282","url":null,"abstract":"For the combination of high spatial resolution with high temporal resolution we use a photoconductively gated scanning tunneling microscope (PGSTM). The instrument resolves voltage transients propagating on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) in space and time. In addition, we demonstrate the detection of laser induced field changes in a photoconductor. The setup, shown in Fig. I , differs in two aspects from previously reported designs.[ 1, 21 The tunneling tip is attached to a coplanar strip line providing direct electrical access to the tip. In addition, a fiber supplying the probe beam, is directly connected to the photoconductive (PC) switch which ensures an unconstrained positioning of the tip without variations in the illumination of the PC switch. The 100-fs laser source is split into a pump beam generating an electrical pulse on the sample and a probe beam gating the probe PC switch with a delay. Sample and probe substrates are low temperature grown (LT) GaAs and the PC switch response time is measured to be less than 1 ps. The current preamp controlling the feedback loop is connected to the tunneling tip through one electrode of the coplanar strip line. The other electrode is connected to an external preamp measuring the gated signal. Due to this modification we do not observe the previously reported linear dependence of the transient signal amplitude on the tunneling conductance.[ 13 The amplitude is independent of the tunneling resistance and decreases by a factor of four in a distance of 50 pm above the surface. All results can be explained by coupling through the geometrical capacitance of the tipelectrode gap. The instrument is used to map out the mode structure of voltage transients on transmission lines. Figure 2 shows a gray-scale contour plot of a pulse on a CPW generated","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130620607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of fibre optics allows us to construct microwave links which have very low propagation loss and dispersion, are very flexible and light in weight, and have a high degree of immunity from external electromagnetic fields, crosstalk and environmental effects. This combination of desirable characteristics has stimulated considerable research and development for over a decade, with the result that we are now seeing the deployment of fibre optics in both commercial and military systems. In this paper, we review some of the component developments which have made these systems possible and we indicate areas for further research.
{"title":"Component Technologies For Microwave Photonic Systems","authors":"M. Wale","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740291","url":null,"abstract":"The use of fibre optics allows us to construct microwave links which have very low propagation loss and dispersion, are very flexible and light in weight, and have a high degree of immunity from external electromagnetic fields, crosstalk and environmental effects. This combination of desirable characteristics has stimulated considerable research and development for over a decade, with the result that we are now seeing the deployment of fibre optics in both commercial and military systems. In this paper, we review some of the component developments which have made these systems possible and we indicate areas for further research.","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132081901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The generation of optical microwave carriers is gaining growing interest because a wide range of frequencies can be attained and a low loss transport via optical fibers is possible. Most schemes published so far, lack continuous tunability, or need injection of electrical microwave signals or sophisticated HF .In the case of beating two independent laser lines5 the poor linewidth characteristic of the beat note is a major drawback. In this work we report on large amplitude continuously tunable oscillations with very low phase noise obtained by injecting CW light from a master laser into an unmodulated slave laser detuned to frequencies outside the optical locking range. Due to the interaction of the two optical fields in the slave laser cavity we call this technique ' Injection Tracking '.
{"title":"A Low Phase Noise 10 GHz To 2 THz Continuously Tunable Optical Microwave Source By Optical Injection","authors":"H. Burkhard, H. SchoIl","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740229","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The generation of optical microwave carriers is gaining growing interest because a wide range of frequencies can be attained and a low loss transport via optical fibers is possible. Most schemes published so far, lack continuous tunability, or need injection of electrical microwave signals or sophisticated HF .In the case of beating two independent laser lines5 the poor linewidth characteristic of the beat note is a major drawback. In this work we report on large amplitude continuously tunable oscillations with very low phase noise obtained by injecting CW light from a master laser into an unmodulated slave laser detuned to frequencies outside the optical locking range. Due to the interaction of the two optical fields in the slave laser cavity we call this technique ' Injection Tracking '.","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132373028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1 D- And 2D-electro-optic Field Mapping To Study Nonlinear Effects In NLTLs","authors":"T. Braasch, G. David, R. Hulsewede, D. Jilger","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124379184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Attila Hilt, A. Zolomy, T. Berceli, G. Járó, E. Udvary
{"title":"Millimeter Wave Synthesizer Locked To An Optically Transmitted Reference Using Harmonic Mixing","authors":"Attila Hilt, A. Zolomy, T. Berceli, G. Járó, E. Udvary","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125909974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future active radar systems, based on solid state T/R modules will provide new capabilities, especially in terms of reliability, jamming robustness and complete flexibility. For the future, airborne antennas are planned to be distributed over the entire aircraft while ground based antennnas will be remoted from the processing unit. In both cases there is a need of low loss transmission links allowing 'the remote control of the antennas and the distribution of large bandwidth microwave signals. Moreover future multifunction phased array antennas will require frequency bandwidth which largely exceed those of existing radars. Such wide instantaneous bandwidths (up to 30 % of the center frequency) lead to the definition of advanced concepts and technologies. Owing to their inherent parallel processing capabilities, optoelectronic architectures are well suited for the implementation, in radar and electronic warfare (EW) systems, of basic functions such as time-delay beamforming, spectrum analysis, adaptive filtering and correlation.1
{"title":"Photonics For Microwave Processing In Radar Systems","authors":"D. Dolfi, J. Huignard, J. Chazelas, O. Maas","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740219","url":null,"abstract":"Future active radar systems, based on solid state T/R modules will provide new capabilities, especially in terms of reliability, jamming robustness and complete flexibility. For the future, airborne antennas are planned to be distributed over the entire aircraft while ground based antennnas will be remoted from the processing unit. In both cases there is a need of low loss transmission links allowing 'the remote control of the antennas and the distribution of large bandwidth microwave signals. Moreover future multifunction phased array antennas will require frequency bandwidth which largely exceed those of existing radars. Such wide instantaneous bandwidths (up to 30 % of the center frequency) lead to the definition of advanced concepts and technologies. Owing to their inherent parallel processing capabilities, optoelectronic architectures are well suited for the implementation, in radar and electronic warfare (EW) systems, of basic functions such as time-delay beamforming, spectrum analysis, adaptive filtering and correlation.1","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126479097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical Tuning Of Plasma Resonances In Hot-electron Transistors","authors":"V. Ryzhii, I. Khmyrova, M. Ryzhii","doi":"10.1109/MWP.1997.740243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWP.1997.740243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280865,"journal":{"name":"International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP1997)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125721038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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