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2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)最新文献

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Non-cooperative spectrum sensing techniques in cognitive radio-a survey 认知无线电测量中的非合作频谱感知技术
B. Suseela, D. Sivakumar
The limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage necessitate a new communication technology, referred to as cognitive radio (CR) networks. The important functionality of Cognitive Radio (CR) is spectrum sensing in which accuracy and speed of estimation prove to be the key indicators to select the appropriate spectrum sensing technique. Spectrum sensing helps to detect the spectrum holes providing high spectral resolution capability. It is one of the most challenging issues in cognitive radio systems. In this paper, a survey of spectrum sensing methodologies for cognitive radio is presented. Various aspects of spectrum sensing problem are studied from a cognitive radio perspective. The Wavelet Edge Detection is one of the most widely used Spectrum Sensing techniques. This technique observes the spatial distribution of spectral data at multiple resolutions.
有限的可用频谱和低效率的频谱利用需要一种新的通信技术,即认知无线电(CR)网络。认知无线电(CR)的重要功能是频谱感知,其中估计的准确性和速度是选择合适的频谱感知技术的关键指标。光谱传感有助于检测光谱孔,提供高光谱分辨率的能力。这是认知无线电系统中最具挑战性的问题之一。本文对认知无线电的频谱感知方法进行了综述。从认知无线电的角度研究了频谱感知问题的各个方面。小波边缘检测是目前应用最广泛的频谱检测技术之一。该技术在多个分辨率下观测光谱数据的空间分布。
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引用次数: 17
Correlation delay shift keying based chaotic MIMO communication system 基于相关延迟移位键控的混沌MIMO通信系统
M. C. Kirutiga, K. Narayanan, A. Chinmayi
In recent years chaotic communication systems have emerged as an alternative solution to conventional spread spectrum systems. The security of chaos communication system is superior to other digital communication system, because it has characteristics such as non-periodic, wide-band, non-predictability, easy implementation and sensitive initial condition. This paper makes a primary contribution to evaluate the BER performance of Chaos MIMO Communication system. The different maps that have been considered are Tent map, Boss map, Henon map and logistic map. The modulation scheme that has been considered is CDSK in presence of AWGN channel.
近年来,混沌通信系统已成为传统扩频通信系统的一种替代方案。混沌通信系统具有非周期、宽带、不可预测、易实现、初始条件敏感等特点,其安全性优于其他数字通信系统。本文对混沌MIMO通信系统的误码率性能评价做出了初步的贡献。不同的地图被认为是帐篷地图,Boss地图,Henon地图和后勤地图。考虑的调制方案是存在AWGN信道的CDSK。
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引用次数: 0
Prevention of monkey trespassing in agricultural field using application agricultural specific flooding approach in wireless sensor network 无线传感器网络中应用农业专用泛洪方法防止猴类侵入农田
R. Radha, K. Kathiravan, V. Vineeth, J. Sanjay, S. Venkatesh
Farmers are facing a lot of difficulties because of the increasing monkey menace in the Indian Agricultural land. The massive fruit and vegetable crops worth crores of rupees were fully damaged and destroyed by the monkeys. In an opinion survey that was conducted based on the monkey menace, it was discovered that monkeys are becoming a threat for public health, crop and property. Most people in the monkey menace prone zones are convinced that these monkeys should be trapped and moved to some other place. The existing detection systems such as Light and Camera Option, Infra sound and Seismic Communication Option are very highly expensive and very less effective. The proposed detection system comprises of wireless sensor network which is coupled with ultrasonic sound generator to ward off monkeys. The sensor node senses the movement of the monkey into the land and notifies the sink node by broadcasting alarm tones using our application specific flooding algorithm. The Sink node triggers the attached ultrasonic sound generator which produces ultrasonic sound in the range of more than 20 kHz which irritates monkeys and forces them away from the field. We evaluate the performance of our flooding approach using ns2.35 simulator and show that our algorithms performs better in terms of number of broadcasts, end to end latency and battery life of sensor nodes.
由于印度农业土地上猴子的威胁越来越大,农民们面临着很多困难。价值千万卢比的大量水果和蔬菜作物被猴子完全破坏和摧毁。在一项基于猴子威胁的民意调查中,人们发现猴子正在成为公众健康、作物和财产的威胁。在猴子威胁易发地区的大多数人都认为,这些猴子应该被困住,转移到其他地方。现有的探测系统,如光和相机选项、次声和地震通信选项,都非常昂贵,而且效率很低。该检测系统由无线传感器网络组成,该网络与超声波声发生器相结合,以抵御猴子。传感器节点感知到猴子进入陆地的运动,并使用我们的应用程序特定的洪水算法通过广播警报音通知汇聚节点。下沉节点触发附加的超声波发生器,产生超过20千赫的超声波,刺激猴子并迫使它们离开田地。我们使用ns2.35模拟器评估了我们的泛洪方法的性能,并表明我们的算法在广播数量,端到端延迟和传感器节点的电池寿命方面表现更好。
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引用次数: 8
Energy efficient Wireless Sensor Networks using FAF and dual cluster head technique for weed detection 利用FAF和双簇头技术进行杂草检测的高能效无线传感器网络
S. Devasenapathy, K. Kathiravan, D. Nivedha, U. Divya, G. D. Dharini
The main challenge of Wireless Sensor Networks is to transfer the data with less cost and energy. Another requirement of efficient WSN is to have a maximum lifetime of sensor nodes. This lifetime of sensor nodes gets reduced due to usage of large amounts of energy and fading. To overcome this barrier, many techniques such as, LEACH, PEGASIS etc., are invented over the decades. Existing system used single cluster head to transfer the data from nodes to base station. This paper proposes the concept of dual cluster head which follows sleep and awake modes to share the work load. AODV routing protocol is used in this technique. Here the next hop is selected based on forward aware factor (FAF). This system improved the energy efficiency and reduced the delay. Experimental results are compared with LEACH and PEGASIS. It has been proved that this system outstripped the other traditional systems. This technique can be used for weed detection among cereal crops.
无线传感器网络面临的主要挑战是如何以更低的成本和能量传输数据。高效WSN的另一个要求是传感器节点的最大生存期。由于使用大量的能量和衰落,传感器节点的寿命会缩短。为了克服这一障碍,几十年来发明了许多技术,如LEACH, PEGASIS等。现有系统采用单簇头将数据从节点传输到基站。本文提出了双簇头的概念,它遵循睡眠和清醒模式来分担工作负荷。该技术采用AODV路由协议。这里的下一跳是基于前向感知因子(FAF)选择的。该系统提高了能源效率,减少了延误。实验结果与LEACH和PEGASIS进行了比较。实践证明,该系统优于其他传统系统。这项技术可用于谷类作物间的杂草检测。
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引用次数: 2
Farming technology for India agriculture based sensorics and indicative systems 印度农业传感和指示系统的农业技术
Agni Biswas, Sarthak Prakash
Hunger has become a major problem to most of the human race. Decreased output from agriculture is a major contributing factor. For most third world countries the farming population has been constantly suffering. The poorer strata among farmers suffer due to the lack of awareness and their own incapability to utilize the methods modern science has readily made available to the masses. The small size of the individually owned lands makes it mored ifficult to utilize the machinery which would have otherwise substituted for their current levels of knowledge. Ironically, if improved machinery were to be implemented to replace the farmer, leading to even 10% unemployment, a staggering 14.4 million people with no other significant skill sets [1] would be unemployed indefinitely. This leads to a stalemate which ultimately benefits no-one; the agricultural output does resources continue to decimate our already dwindling pool of resources. This paper intends to present methods to equip the farmer with tools that supplement his knowledge as well as add to the output of his farm without leading to mass unemployment.
饥饿已成为大多数人类面临的主要问题。农业产出下降是一个主要因素。对大多数第三世界国家来说,农业人口一直在受苦。农民中的较贫困阶层由于缺乏认识和自己不能利用现代科学提供给大众的方法而受苦。个人拥有的土地面积小,使得他们很难利用机器,否则这些机器将取代他们目前的知识水平。具有讽刺意味的是,如果采用改进的机械来取代农民,甚至导致10%的失业率,令人震惊的1440万没有其他重要技能[1]的人将无限期失业。这会导致僵局,最终对谁都没有好处;农业产出的资源继续使我们已经日益减少的资源池遭受重创。本文旨在提出一些方法,以装备农民的工具,补充他的知识,并增加他的农场的产出,而不会导致大规模失业。
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引用次数: 4
Integration of Precision Agriculture and SmartGrid technologies for sustainable development 整合精准农业和智能电网技术,促进可持续发展
Stephen Odara, Z. Khan, T. Ustun
In this paper the integration of Precision Agriculture (PA) and Smart grid technologies is proposed as an avenue for increasing the volume of sustainable energy supply. Agriculture constitutes a large load to accomplish tasks such as irrigation, crop collection and processing. Furthermore, it has an untapped potential for generation of energy from agricultural residue and waste. PA involves exacting and precise measurements of different variables of interest, be it related to consumption or generation of energy. This provides information that can increase the accuracy of energy demand and supply forecasting, the basis of better load management in Smart grid. Such integration has the potential to benefit agricultural systems through reduced costs of input including costs of waste disposal. Furthermore it may also positively benefit the environment through consumption of carbon neutral fuels. In addition, if the better energy management is utilized to give some excess power to the villages around smart farms, it can form the basis for power generation for remote communities.
本文提出将精准农业与智能电网技术相结合,作为增加可持续能源供应量的一种途径。农业是完成灌溉、作物收集和加工等任务的一大负荷。此外,利用农业残渣和废物发电的潜力尚未开发。PA涉及对不同感兴趣的变量进行严格和精确的测量,无论是与消耗还是与产生能源有关。这提供的信息可以提高能源需求和供应预测的准确性,这是智能电网更好地管理负荷的基础。这种整合有可能通过降低投入成本,包括废物处理成本,使农业系统受益。此外,它还可以通过消耗碳中性燃料对环境产生积极的好处。此外,如果利用更好的能源管理,为智能农场周围的村庄提供一些多余的电力,可以形成偏远社区发电的基础。
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引用次数: 10
Study and analysis of opportunistic routing protocols in MANET MANET中机会路由协议的研究与分析
N. Alleema, D. Sivakumar
Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructure less network of wireless communication. The performance of MANET fundamentally depends upon routing protocols used by the network. MANETs are typically powered by batteries which have limited energy reservoir and it may not be easily replaced or recharged on the way. Hence, power consumption becomes an important issue. Opportunistic routing has recently emerged as a mechanism for obtaining high throughput even when links are lost. The opportunistic routing allows any node that overhears the transmission and is closer to the destination to participate in forwarding the packet. In this paper, we compare the Opportunistic Routing Protocols such as EXOR, MORE, SOAR, POR and PSR. The simulation of opportunistic routing is provided based on Quality of Service (QoS) and energy efficiency in MANET.
移动自组网(MANET)是一种自配置的无基础设施的无线通信网络。MANET的性能从根本上取决于网络使用的路由协议。manet通常由储能有限的电池供电,并且在途中可能不容易更换或充电。因此,功耗成为一个重要的问题。机会路由最近作为一种机制出现,即使在链路丢失时也能获得高吞吐量。机会路由允许侦听到传输且距离目的地较近的任何节点参与转发数据包。本文对机会路由协议EXOR、MORE、SOAR、POR和PSR进行了比较。给出了基于服务质量(QoS)和能量效率的机会路由仿真。
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引用次数: 4
Enhancing network lifetime in precision agriculture using Apteen protocol 利用Apteen协议提高精准农业网络寿命
S. Bhagyashree, S. Prashanthi, K. M. Anandkumar
In the recent years Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have garnered attention. The applications of WSN includes collecting, storing and sharing sensed data which is used for habitat monitoring, agriculture, nuclear reactor control, security and tactical surveillance. Here we aim to explore the potential benefits of WSN to address precision agriculture problems in India. Since farming involves a vast area of land to be covered the deployment of sensor nodes includes a few barriers. Sensor nodes are battery powered and improvement of the lifetime of these nodes is important particularly when the nodes collect real time data and assist farmers towards proper cultivation. Here we propose a WSN protocol named APTEEN protocol that helps to increase network lifetime of the nodes by periodic monitoring of the sensor nodes and communicating the necessary parameters to the farmers for taking action. Cultivation of sugarcane crop includes a multi parameter monitoring system designed based on low-power ZigBee wireless communication technology for system automation and monitoring. Real time data is collected by wireless sensor nodes and transmitted to base station using zigbee. Data is received, saved and displayed at base station to achieve soil temperature, soil moisture and humidity monitoring. The data is continuously monitored at base station and if it exceeds the desired limit, a message is sent to farmer on mobile through GSM network for controlling actions. Further the limitations of wired sensor networks are overcome and have the advantage of flexible networking for monitoring equipment, convenient installation and removing of equipment, low cost and reliable nodes and high capacity.
近年来,无线传感器网络(WSNs)引起了人们的广泛关注。传感器网络的应用包括采集、存储和共享传感数据,用于栖息地监测、农业、核反应堆控制、安全和战术监视。在这里,我们的目标是探索无线传感器网络在解决印度精准农业问题方面的潜在好处。由于农业需要覆盖大片土地,传感器节点的部署存在一些障碍。传感器节点由电池供电,提高这些节点的使用寿命非常重要,特别是当节点收集实时数据并帮助农民进行适当种植时。本文提出了一种名为APTEEN的WSN协议,该协议通过定期监测传感器节点并将必要的参数传递给农民以采取行动,从而有助于增加节点的网络寿命。甘蔗作物栽培包括基于低功耗ZigBee无线通信技术设计的多参数监控系统,实现系统自动化和监控。实时数据由无线传感器节点采集,并通过zigbee传输到基站。数据在基站接收、保存、显示,实现土壤温度、土壤水分、湿度的监测。基站对数据进行持续监控,如果数据超过预期的限制,则通过GSM网络向移动端的农民发送消息进行控制操作。进一步克服了有线传感器网络的局限性,具有监控设备组网灵活、设备安装和拆卸方便、节点成本低、可靠性高、容量大等优点。
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引用次数: 9
Damaged road detection in rural areas for improving agricultural marketing 农村破损道路检测,改善农业销售
S. Leninisha, K. Vani, A. L. Agasta Adline, V. Vani
Transport affects agricultural marketing because it is the only means by which farmers can transport their produce to the market. Reliable road path is essential for transporting the cultivated crops to the market at right time. Heavy traffic, railway crossings, road repair and unexpected road blocks increases the transportation time. The increase in transportation time results in loses of crop freshness and quality which reduces the profit for farmers. The impacts of road infrastructure on agricultural output and productivity are particularly important in rural development. In this paper, we propose a methodology to detect reliable road path with reduced transportation time in the presence of road blocks or damages. The road network with the length and width of roads (both damaged as well as good) can be extracted accurately from a given remote sensing image. Discontinuities of roads are identified (due to damage or block) using multilevel searching by iteratively increasing the jump step size in pixels. The experimental results shows that the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology.
运输影响农业销售,因为它是农民将农产品运往市场的唯一手段。可靠的道路对于将栽培的作物及时运到市场至关重要。繁忙的交通、铁路道口、道路维修和意外的路障增加了运输时间。运输时间的增加导致作物新鲜度和质量的下降,从而减少了农民的利润。道路基础设施对农业产出和生产力的影响在农村发展中尤为重要。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法来检测可靠的道路路径与减少运输时间的存在路障或损坏。从给定的遥感图像中可以准确地提取出具有道路长度和宽度的道路网(既有破损的,也有完好的)。通过迭代增加跳跃步长的像素,使用多层搜索来识别道路的不连续性(由于损坏或阻塞)。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和准确性。
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引用次数: 1
An efficient Bio-key Management scheme for telemedicine applications 用于远程医疗应用的高效生物密钥管理方案
K. Kalaivani, R. Sivakumar, V. Anjalipriya, R. Srimeena
Medical sensor networks play a vital role for real-time health care monitoring of telemedicine based applications. Telemedicine provide specialized healthcare consultation to patients in remote locations. We use electronic information and communication technologies to provide and support healthcare when the distance separate the participants. In order to ensure the privacy and security of patient's critical health information, it is essential to provide efficient cryptography scheme. This paper presents a novel Mamdani based Bio-Key Management (MBKM) technique, which assures real time health care monitoring without any overhead. We present the simulation results to show that the proposed MBKM scheme can achieve greater security in terms of performance metrics such as False Match Rate (FMR), False Non Match Rate (FNMR), and Genuine Acceptance Rate (GAR) than other recent existing approaches.
医学传感器网络在基于远程医疗的实时医疗监测应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。远程医疗为偏远地区的患者提供专门的医疗咨询。我们使用电子信息和通信技术,在参与者距离遥远时提供和支持医疗保健。为了保证患者关键健康信息的隐私性和安全性,必须提供有效的加密方案。本文提出了一种新的基于Mamdani的生物密钥管理(MBKM)技术,该技术可以在没有任何开销的情况下确保实时医疗监控。我们给出的仿真结果表明,所提出的MBKM方案在诸如错误匹配率(FMR)、错误不匹配率(FNMR)和真实接受率(GAR)等性能指标方面比其他最近现有的方法具有更高的安全性。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)
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