Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358549
R. Balamurali, K. Kathiravan
Precision Agriculture is the concept of real-time monitoring of environmental conditions of a farm like temperature, humidity, soil PH etc. And to convey the monitored parameters to the remote server in order to take appropriate action, instead an actuator or an automated system can also be used to take appropriate action based on the measured parameters over a period of time. Wireless Sensor Networks is a promising technology for real-time monitoring and control. In this paper we analyze various routing protocols like AOMDV (Ad-hoc On demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing), AODV (Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector Routing), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) and Integrated MAC and Routing protocol (IMR) for precision agriculture using WSN.
精准农业是实时监测农场环境条件的概念，如温度、湿度、土壤PH等。为了将监测的参数传送到远程服务器以便采取适当的行动，也可以使用执行器或自动化系统根据一段时间内测量的参数采取适当的行动。无线传感器网络是一种很有前途的实时监控技术。本文分析了利用WSN实现精准农业的各种路由协议，如AOMDV (Ad-hoc On demand multi - path Distance Vector routing)、AODV (Ad-hoc On - demand Distance Vector routing)、DSR (Dynamic Source routing)和IMR (Integrated MAC and routing protocol)。
{"title":"An analysis of various routing protocols for Precision Agriculture using Wireless Sensor Network","authors":"R. Balamurali, K. Kathiravan","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358549","url":null,"abstract":"Precision Agriculture is the concept of real-time monitoring of environmental conditions of a farm like temperature, humidity, soil PH etc. And to convey the monitored parameters to the remote server in order to take appropriate action, instead an actuator or an automated system can also be used to take appropriate action based on the measured parameters over a period of time. Wireless Sensor Networks is a promising technology for real-time monitoring and control. In this paper we analyze various routing protocols like AOMDV (Ad-hoc On demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing), AODV (Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector Routing), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) and Integrated MAC and Routing protocol (IMR) for precision agriculture using WSN.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"159 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128930274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358552
R. Poornima, S. Malathi, T. Narayani, S. Sobana, R C Panda
Many industrial chemical processes involve exothermic (heat generating) reactions whose temperature needs to be controlled for safe operation of the process. If there is any irregularity in coolant flow, the reactant temperature becomes difficult to control. Reaction continues under unsafe condition till all the reactants finish which may lead to hazardous reaction. Dicumyl peroxide reaction is one such process, where the amount of heat generated is high, which may cause thermal explosion and runaway reaction to occur when the heat liberated is not compensated by the jacket coolant temperature or due to contaminants present in the reactor. The present work comprises identification of the process dynamics by nonlinear ARX model and estimation of internal states of the process reaction using estimators like Kalman Filter (KF), Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filters (UKF). Results of these estimators are compared and suitable estimator which provides least mismatch between plant and model will be applied to design the control law for efficient control.
{"title":"Identification of temperature of a Dicumyl peroxide reaction process in CSTR","authors":"R. Poornima, S. Malathi, T. Narayani, S. Sobana, R C Panda","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358552","url":null,"abstract":"Many industrial chemical processes involve exothermic (heat generating) reactions whose temperature needs to be controlled for safe operation of the process. If there is any irregularity in coolant flow, the reactant temperature becomes difficult to control. Reaction continues under unsafe condition till all the reactants finish which may lead to hazardous reaction. Dicumyl peroxide reaction is one such process, where the amount of heat generated is high, which may cause thermal explosion and runaway reaction to occur when the heat liberated is not compensated by the jacket coolant temperature or due to contaminants present in the reactor. The present work comprises identification of the process dynamics by nonlinear ARX model and estimation of internal states of the process reaction using estimators like Kalman Filter (KF), Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filters (UKF). Results of these estimators are compared and suitable estimator which provides least mismatch between plant and model will be applied to design the control law for efficient control.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116833062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358522
Sapan Naik, Bankim Patel, R. Pandey
In the era of ICT technologies, automation in grading of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) is important to reach consumer demand for quality mango. This paper addresses that issue to identify agricultural produce based on shape, size and maturity. Fuzzy inference system is used for decision making process. In this paper, proposed methodology is divided in three phases: In first phase, mangoes are classified either well formed or deformed using eccentricity, extent and cross-ratio properties of shape. Second phase discusses about size and maturity classification. Weight and area are used for size feature extraction and mean of a* and b* channel of L*a*b* color space are used as parameters of maturity feature. In this phase, mangoes are classified in small, medium or big size and unripe, partially ripe or ripe maturity. At final phase, decision making theory is used to grade mango in class I, class II or class III. Integration of whole system results average accuracy 90% and system takes 2.1 seconds to grade a mango.
{"title":"Shape, size and maturity features extraction with fuzzy classifier for non-destructive mango (Mangifera Indica L., cv. Kesar) grading","authors":"Sapan Naik, Bankim Patel, R. Pandey","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358522","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of ICT technologies, automation in grading of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) is important to reach consumer demand for quality mango. This paper addresses that issue to identify agricultural produce based on shape, size and maturity. Fuzzy inference system is used for decision making process. In this paper, proposed methodology is divided in three phases: In first phase, mangoes are classified either well formed or deformed using eccentricity, extent and cross-ratio properties of shape. Second phase discusses about size and maturity classification. Weight and area are used for size feature extraction and mean of a* and b* channel of L*a*b* color space are used as parameters of maturity feature. In this phase, mangoes are classified in small, medium or big size and unripe, partially ripe or ripe maturity. At final phase, decision making theory is used to grade mango in class I, class II or class III. Integration of whole system results average accuracy 90% and system takes 2.1 seconds to grade a mango.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132914191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358547
V. Murugan, D. Sivakumar
Communication is one of the important aspects of life. Along with the improvement in age and its growing demands, there has been rapid growth in the field of communications. Signals, which were primarily sent in the analog domain, are being sent more and more in the digital domain nowadays. For improved transmission, even single carrier waves are being replaced by multi carriers. Multi carrier systems like CDMA and OFDM are nowadays being implemented frequently. Though, an OFDM signal has a huge peak-to-average power ratio, which can effect in vital distortion when passed through a nonlinear device, such as a transmitter power amplifier. New studies investigates, during wide computer simulations, the effects of clipping and filtering on the performance of OFDM, including the power spectral density, the crest factor, the bit-error rate and the PAPR. But still the high PAPR exists in OFDM systems. In this project, we propose Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) to diminish PAPR in OFDM which attain performance for both lightly and fully loaded systems.
{"title":"Performance analysis of power spectral density on OFDM using BICM","authors":"V. Murugan, D. Sivakumar","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358547","url":null,"abstract":"Communication is one of the important aspects of life. Along with the improvement in age and its growing demands, there has been rapid growth in the field of communications. Signals, which were primarily sent in the analog domain, are being sent more and more in the digital domain nowadays. For improved transmission, even single carrier waves are being replaced by multi carriers. Multi carrier systems like CDMA and OFDM are nowadays being implemented frequently. Though, an OFDM signal has a huge peak-to-average power ratio, which can effect in vital distortion when passed through a nonlinear device, such as a transmitter power amplifier. New studies investigates, during wide computer simulations, the effects of clipping and filtering on the performance of OFDM, including the power spectral density, the crest factor, the bit-error rate and the PAPR. But still the high PAPR exists in OFDM systems. In this project, we propose Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) to diminish PAPR in OFDM which attain performance for both lightly and fully loaded systems.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"7 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131694206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358555
M. Raghavan, N. S. Bhuvaneswari
This paper aims at giving an overview of implementing safety and security systems in automobiles for today and future development. In today's emerging world, technologies are booming at every places to nourish our humanity. There has been enormous advancement in automobile technologies over past and still to come. However accidents are still happening around us, especially where roads are not laid properly. Unobserved pot holes are one of the main reasons in rural areas. Moreover due to lack of traffic control facilities, violation of rules and carelessness while driving has led to increased fatal rates. To create awareness in rural areas, the vehicles have to be created with special features, which is the main focus of this paper. The above mentioned facts turned us on to focus our objective to minimize the road accidents using Arduino platform. In this paper, few concepts are proposed related to implementing security systems in automobiles. Other proposed concepts to be implemented are regarding safety systems to reduce or avoid road accidents due to disobeying of traffic rules. The paper comprises the following concepts i.e. Alcohol Detector, Pot Hole Detector which comes under safety systems and the concepts in security systems include Wireless locking and unlocking of vehicle, Advanced Key-less engine start systems using a watch. Besides, an Automatic Temperature Control inside vehicles under drive assist system. By using these concepts, hope that the road accidents and vehicle thefts will be minimized. This will be one of the papers required for current scenarios all over the world.
{"title":"Intelligent safety and security systems in automobiles","authors":"M. Raghavan, N. S. Bhuvaneswari","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358555","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims at giving an overview of implementing safety and security systems in automobiles for today and future development. In today's emerging world, technologies are booming at every places to nourish our humanity. There has been enormous advancement in automobile technologies over past and still to come. However accidents are still happening around us, especially where roads are not laid properly. Unobserved pot holes are one of the main reasons in rural areas. Moreover due to lack of traffic control facilities, violation of rules and carelessness while driving has led to increased fatal rates. To create awareness in rural areas, the vehicles have to be created with special features, which is the main focus of this paper. The above mentioned facts turned us on to focus our objective to minimize the road accidents using Arduino platform. In this paper, few concepts are proposed related to implementing security systems in automobiles. Other proposed concepts to be implemented are regarding safety systems to reduce or avoid road accidents due to disobeying of traffic rules. The paper comprises the following concepts i.e. Alcohol Detector, Pot Hole Detector which comes under safety systems and the concepts in security systems include Wireless locking and unlocking of vehicle, Advanced Key-less engine start systems using a watch. Besides, an Automatic Temperature Control inside vehicles under drive assist system. By using these concepts, hope that the road accidents and vehicle thefts will be minimized. This will be one of the papers required for current scenarios all over the world.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"332 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122843767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358526
Amandeep Singh, M. Singh
In India a majority of the population in rural areas is working in the agriculture field for their livelihood. They not only have to struggle for the better yield against the natural disasters but also have to tackle the losses of the net output because of land fertilization specifications and unskilled labour too. In the event of inadequate utilities and resources, in the face of unpredictable crises, their gain opportunities and livelihood are proportionally and adversely affected. However in this era of technology, the scenario may get changed as the Information and Communication and related fields of technology are providing a great for such type of crisis handling. Here in this paper, the method which may be used to compare the crop leaf color with the leaf color chart (LCC), has been proposed for getting a detail about the requirement of plant, before enough to get the yield affected. By making use of image processing technology a simple and robust method for the color prediction of paddy crop plant has been discussed along with the mathematical modelling which may provide a great platform to the advisory bodies in the agriculture field for the atomization of the crop health problems and solutions.
{"title":"Automated color prediction of paddy crop leaf using image processing","authors":"Amandeep Singh, M. Singh","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358526","url":null,"abstract":"In India a majority of the population in rural areas is working in the agriculture field for their livelihood. They not only have to struggle for the better yield against the natural disasters but also have to tackle the losses of the net output because of land fertilization specifications and unskilled labour too. In the event of inadequate utilities and resources, in the face of unpredictable crises, their gain opportunities and livelihood are proportionally and adversely affected. However in this era of technology, the scenario may get changed as the Information and Communication and related fields of technology are providing a great for such type of crisis handling. Here in this paper, the method which may be used to compare the crop leaf color with the leaf color chart (LCC), has been proposed for getting a detail about the requirement of plant, before enough to get the yield affected. By making use of image processing technology a simple and robust method for the color prediction of paddy crop plant has been discussed along with the mathematical modelling which may provide a great platform to the advisory bodies in the agriculture field for the atomization of the crop health problems and solutions.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127675935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358535
Dejen Alemu, S. Negash
Technology advances in agriculture is leveling the playing fields for small scale farmers in rural areas. In this study we look at the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) which is disseminating market information to small-scale farmers and market actors through mobile-based market information systems (MKIS). The number of users who adopt such technology, however, is still relatively low. Understanding the factors promoting or limiting the acceptance and adoption of new information system is a key challenge. Against this background, the present study explores the determinants of adoption of mobile-based MKIS services in Ethiopia. Empirical evidences were gathered through a questionnaire survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as a theoretical base. The results indicate that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition were the most significant constructs on behavior intention to adopt mobile-based MKIS services. Moreover, the study reveals the influence of moderator variables on the main constructs towards intention behavior and usage behavior of mobile-based MKIS in the context of agricultural commodity exchange. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used to analyze the data. The findings are in line with those reported in previous studies. The study also validates the UTAUT model in the context of agricultural commodity exchange in low-income country.
{"title":"Mobile information system for small-scale rural farmers","authors":"Dejen Alemu, S. Negash","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358535","url":null,"abstract":"Technology advances in agriculture is leveling the playing fields for small scale farmers in rural areas. In this study we look at the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) which is disseminating market information to small-scale farmers and market actors through mobile-based market information systems (MKIS). The number of users who adopt such technology, however, is still relatively low. Understanding the factors promoting or limiting the acceptance and adoption of new information system is a key challenge. Against this background, the present study explores the determinants of adoption of mobile-based MKIS services in Ethiopia. Empirical evidences were gathered through a questionnaire survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as a theoretical base. The results indicate that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition were the most significant constructs on behavior intention to adopt mobile-based MKIS services. Moreover, the study reveals the influence of moderator variables on the main constructs towards intention behavior and usage behavior of mobile-based MKIS in the context of agricultural commodity exchange. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used to analyze the data. The findings are in line with those reported in previous studies. The study also validates the UTAUT model in the context of agricultural commodity exchange in low-income country.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128967281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358542
S. Shamily, Praveena, N. S. Bhuvaneswari
Level is one of the important parameters to be controlled in process control systems, irrigation and in industries. The process industries require liquids to be pumped, stored in tanks and then pumped to another tank. In agriculture, the level of the water must be controlled for irrigation in order to protect the plants. Always level of fluids in tanks must be controlled and the flow between tanks must be regulated. This is a laborious process and involves immense time and patience. So the paper has been taken up to make it an efficient process. This paper presents about the level control of the interacting system using PID control, neuro control and non-linear transformation control. First, the single tank (SISO) process is modeled and the level is controlled. Next, the interacting system with multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) process is taken and the levels in the two tanks are controlled. Because of the interactions, the levels of the two tanks are varied and there is a need for decoupler to minimize the interactions. The controller design is divided into two parts: firstly, a decoupling matrix is designed in order to minimize the interaction effects. Then, the controller design is obtained for the process + decoupler block. The reason is to meet design specifications for each loop independently. The modeling and controlling design is done using MATLAB R2008b tool box. So, with the help of conventional control, neural control and adaptive control the levels in the tanks are maintained as well as the interacting loops in the process is rendered non-interacting by the use of decouplers. The result shows that, neural controller replaces two PID controllers & two decouplers whereas adaptive controller is designed directly for the nonlinear process which minimizes the time very well.
{"title":"Intelligent control and adaptive control for interacting system","authors":"S. Shamily, Praveena, N. S. Bhuvaneswari","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358542","url":null,"abstract":"Level is one of the important parameters to be controlled in process control systems, irrigation and in industries. The process industries require liquids to be pumped, stored in tanks and then pumped to another tank. In agriculture, the level of the water must be controlled for irrigation in order to protect the plants. Always level of fluids in tanks must be controlled and the flow between tanks must be regulated. This is a laborious process and involves immense time and patience. So the paper has been taken up to make it an efficient process. This paper presents about the level control of the interacting system using PID control, neuro control and non-linear transformation control. First, the single tank (SISO) process is modeled and the level is controlled. Next, the interacting system with multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) process is taken and the levels in the two tanks are controlled. Because of the interactions, the levels of the two tanks are varied and there is a need for decoupler to minimize the interactions. The controller design is divided into two parts: firstly, a decoupling matrix is designed in order to minimize the interaction effects. Then, the controller design is obtained for the process + decoupler block. The reason is to meet design specifications for each loop independently. The modeling and controlling design is done using MATLAB R2008b tool box. So, with the help of conventional control, neural control and adaptive control the levels in the tanks are maintained as well as the interacting loops in the process is rendered non-interacting by the use of decouplers. The result shows that, neural controller replaces two PID controllers & two decouplers whereas adaptive controller is designed directly for the nonlinear process which minimizes the time very well.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128174926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358539
P. Mukundaram, M. Pravien, P. R. Thilak
Technology has advanced immensely in India in the recent years but its advantage has not been wholly utilized by the rural parts of our country. Villages hold a diversified job environment where most jobs can be made highly profitable by establishing proper communication among various professions. Information awareness in cities is playing a major role in improving small scale businesses which is missing in villages. This can be achieved by using appropriate use of available technology in villages which will help us determine correlations in rural India. A demographic analysis using stochastic mechanisms focusing on specific aspects can be used to learn about villagers and target appropriate methods to improve their lifestyle by the application of technology. We attempt to extract the demographics (like age, gender, place, skill sets) of a person and find various overlaps of his/her job nature with other professionals in a specific geography. This analysis would give us insights on a lot of interrelations among the various professions which can be exploited to maximum extent so that we achieve higher levels of productivity. A stochastic approach on the demographic data can be used to achieve this and thereby we can expect an inclusive rural development. Since, there are high levels of uncertainty on a variety of parameters we go for a stochastic approach to carry out our analysis. If we take probability theory into consideration, a purely stochastic system is one which is randomly determined and also has a random probabilistic distribution. The pattern which is derived from this system can only be analyzed statistically but cannot be accurately predicted. The probabilistic patterns obtained finally would provide us insights of how rural development is being carried out in a village and what factors should we need to focus on a that village to ensure wholesome development.
{"title":"A stochastic approach towards inclusive rural development using demographic data","authors":"P. Mukundaram, M. Pravien, P. R. Thilak","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358539","url":null,"abstract":"Technology has advanced immensely in India in the recent years but its advantage has not been wholly utilized by the rural parts of our country. Villages hold a diversified job environment where most jobs can be made highly profitable by establishing proper communication among various professions. Information awareness in cities is playing a major role in improving small scale businesses which is missing in villages. This can be achieved by using appropriate use of available technology in villages which will help us determine correlations in rural India. A demographic analysis using stochastic mechanisms focusing on specific aspects can be used to learn about villagers and target appropriate methods to improve their lifestyle by the application of technology. We attempt to extract the demographics (like age, gender, place, skill sets) of a person and find various overlaps of his/her job nature with other professionals in a specific geography. This analysis would give us insights on a lot of interrelations among the various professions which can be exploited to maximum extent so that we achieve higher levels of productivity. A stochastic approach on the demographic data can be used to achieve this and thereby we can expect an inclusive rural development. Since, there are high levels of uncertainty on a variety of parameters we go for a stochastic approach to carry out our analysis. If we take probability theory into consideration, a purely stochastic system is one which is randomly determined and also has a random probabilistic distribution. The pattern which is derived from this system can only be analyzed statistically but cannot be accurately predicted. The probabilistic patterns obtained finally would provide us insights of how rural development is being carried out in a village and what factors should we need to focus on a that village to ensure wholesome development.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128341430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-10DOI: 10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358527
A. Agrawal, Parmatma Yadav, C. K. Upadhyay, J. Corney, G. V. Annamalai Vasantha, A. Jagadeesan, A. Lynn
Packing problems on its current state are being utilized for wide area of industrial applications. The aim of present research is to create and implement an intelligent system that tackles the problem of 2D packing of objects inside a 2D container, such that objects do not overlap and the container area is to be maximized. The packing problem becomes easier, when regular/rectangular objects and container are used. In most of the practical situations, the usage of irregular objects comes to existence. To solve the packing problem of irregular objects inside a rectangular container, a hybrid intelligence approach is introduced in our proposed work. The combination of machine intelligence and human intelligence is referred as the hybrid intelligence or semi-automated approach in the proposed methodology. The incorporation of human intelligence in the outcome of machine intelligence is possible to obtain using the internet crowdsourcing as we wish to handle the packing problem through internet crowdsourcing involving rural people. The proposed methodology is tested on different standard data sets and it is observed that it has clear advantage over both manual as well as fully automated heuristic based methods in terms of time and space efficiency.
{"title":"A novel hybrid intelligence approach for 2D packing through internet crowdsourcing","authors":"A. Agrawal, Parmatma Yadav, C. K. Upadhyay, J. Corney, G. V. Annamalai Vasantha, A. Jagadeesan, A. Lynn","doi":"10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIAR.2015.7358527","url":null,"abstract":"Packing problems on its current state are being utilized for wide area of industrial applications. The aim of present research is to create and implement an intelligent system that tackles the problem of 2D packing of objects inside a 2D container, such that objects do not overlap and the container area is to be maximized. The packing problem becomes easier, when regular/rectangular objects and container are used. In most of the practical situations, the usage of irregular objects comes to existence. To solve the packing problem of irregular objects inside a rectangular container, a hybrid intelligence approach is introduced in our proposed work. The combination of machine intelligence and human intelligence is referred as the hybrid intelligence or semi-automated approach in the proposed methodology. The incorporation of human intelligence in the outcome of machine intelligence is possible to obtain using the internet crowdsourcing as we wish to handle the packing problem through internet crowdsourcing involving rural people. The proposed methodology is tested on different standard data sets and it is observed that it has clear advantage over both manual as well as fully automated heuristic based methods in terms of time and space efficiency.","PeriodicalId":281784,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132818424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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