The success of future generations of wireless technology will depend on their capability to provide reliable access to multimedia networks. Methods to diminish unpredictable channel errors in high-resolution applications, such as video telephony, are likely to dominate future research and development activities. Existing approaches based on intra-frame refreshing and error-correcting codes only achieve limited channel-error concealment. The functionality of the human visual system is expected to be a significant influence on the development of new methods and algorithms for mobile multimedia applications. Approaches exploiting the contrast ratio and the spatial and temporal frequency and motion properties of the human visual system to reduce quality degradation and propagate the errors to insensitive areas are some of the prime candidates for consideration. Future research directions need also to consider efficient implementations of the devised algorithms to meet the requirements for low-complexity and low-power consumption designs for mobile multimedia coders.
{"title":"Enhancing visual quality in mobile multimedia","authors":"A. Krikelis","doi":"10.1109/4434.865897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.865897","url":null,"abstract":"The success of future generations of wireless technology will depend on their capability to provide reliable access to multimedia networks. Methods to diminish unpredictable channel errors in high-resolution applications, such as video telephony, are likely to dominate future research and development activities. Existing approaches based on intra-frame refreshing and error-correcting codes only achieve limited channel-error concealment. The functionality of the human visual system is expected to be a significant influence on the development of new methods and algorithms for mobile multimedia applications. Approaches exploiting the contrast ratio and the spatial and temporal frequency and motion properties of the human visual system to reduce quality degradation and propagate the errors to insensitive areas are some of the prime candidates for consideration. Future research directions need also to consider efficient implementations of the devised algorithms to meet the requirements for low-complexity and low-power consumption designs for mobile multimedia coders.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124342239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors propose two novel algorithms that exploit the latest reports about Web usage. From the standpoint of cooperating caches, they propose a cooperation protocol that minimizes the associated network bandwidth, processing load, and storage consumption among caches.
{"title":"A scalable and efficient cooperative system for Web caches","authors":"Jean-Marc Menaud, V. Issarny, M. Banâtre","doi":"10.1109/4434.865894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.865894","url":null,"abstract":"The authors propose two novel algorithms that exploit the latest reports about Web usage. From the standpoint of cooperating caches, they propose a cooperation protocol that minimizes the associated network bandwidth, processing load, and storage consumption among caches.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122270342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The simultaneous evolution of mobile communications and multimedia applications points toward a future where both technologies play a significant role in shaping mobile multimedia communication. However, the destiny of mobile communications and, to a great extent, of sophisticated mobile multimedia, heavily depends on the success of the emerging third generation of mobile communication systems.
{"title":"Considerations for a new generation of mobile multimedia communication systems","authors":"A. Krikelis","doi":"10.1109/4434.846197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846197","url":null,"abstract":"The simultaneous evolution of mobile communications and multimedia applications points toward a future where both technologies play a significant role in shaping mobile multimedia communication. However, the destiny of mobile communications and, to a great extent, of sophisticated mobile multimedia, heavily depends on the success of the emerging third generation of mobile communication systems.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116194677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
or manufacturing. Unfortunately, this expansion carries with it many associated problems. Security and privacy issues quickly come to mind, but information overflow, connectivity, reliability, and performance also require consideration. The word agent’s origin is deeply rooted: drawing from the Greek agein, which means to drive or lead; from medieval Latin agere, with a similar meaning; and from Old Norse, aka, which implies travel in a vehicle. Merriam Webster defines agent as
{"title":"Agent systems and applications","authors":"D. Milojicic","doi":"10.1109/MCC.2000.846190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCC.2000.846190","url":null,"abstract":"or manufacturing. Unfortunately, this expansion carries with it many associated problems. Security and privacy issues quickly come to mind, but information overflow, connectivity, reliability, and performance also require consideration. The word agent’s origin is deeply rooted: drawing from the Greek agein, which means to drive or lead; from medieval Latin agere, with a similar meaning; and from Old Norse, aka, which implies travel in a vehicle. Merriam Webster defines agent as","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122516740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clusters are like skyscrapers: mammoth structures towering above their smaller counterparts, except that skyscrapers have longer lives. The race to build ever bigger clusters is on, largely driven by emerging scientific and engineering applications. Several research efforts are underway at various universities and US research laboratories. The author examines some of the largest clusters in the world, providing some recent news and opinions from the experts. A cluster is a collection of complete computers (nodes) interconnected by a high-speed network. Typically, each node is a workstation, PC, or symmetric multiprocessor (SMP). Cluster nodes work collectively as a single computing resource and fill the conventional role of using each node as an independent machine. A cluster computing system is a compromise between a massively parallel processing system and a distributed system. An MPP system node typically cannot serve as a standalone computer; a cluster node usually contains its own disk and a complete operating system, and therefore, also can handle interactive jobs. In a distributed system, nodes can serve only as individual resources while a cluster presents a single system image to the user.
{"title":"Gigantic clusters: where are they and what are they doing","authors":"I. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/4434.846198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846198","url":null,"abstract":"Clusters are like skyscrapers: mammoth structures towering above their smaller counterparts, except that skyscrapers have longer lives. The race to build ever bigger clusters is on, largely driven by emerging scientific and engineering applications. Several research efforts are underway at various universities and US research laboratories. The author examines some of the largest clusters in the world, providing some recent news and opinions from the experts. A cluster is a collection of complete computers (nodes) interconnected by a high-speed network. Typically, each node is a workstation, PC, or symmetric multiprocessor (SMP). Cluster nodes work collectively as a single computing resource and fill the conventional role of using each node as an independent machine. A cluster computing system is a compromise between a massively parallel processing system and a distributed system. An MPP system node typically cannot serve as a standalone computer; a cluster node usually contains its own disk and a complete operating system, and therefore, also can handle interactive jobs. In a distributed system, nodes can serve only as individual resources while a cluster presents a single system image to the user.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124056301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Fleisch, H. Michel, Sachin K. Shah, Oliver E. Theel
To make complex computer systems more robust and fault tolerant, data must be replicated for high availability. The level of replication must be configurable to control overhead costs. Using an application suite, the authors test several distributed shared memory coherence protocols under different workloads and analyze the operation costs, fault tolerance, and configurability of each.
{"title":"Fault tolerance and configurability in DSM coherence protocols","authors":"B. Fleisch, H. Michel, Sachin K. Shah, Oliver E. Theel","doi":"10.1109/4434.846189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846189","url":null,"abstract":"To make complex computer systems more robust and fault tolerant, data must be replicated for high availability. The level of replication must be configurable to control overhead costs. Using an application suite, the authors test several distributed shared memory coherence protocols under different workloads and analyze the operation costs, fault tolerance, and configurability of each.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122894618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Implementing an application using mobile agents might or might not improve its performance. The authors consider the effect of moving an agent application from a client to a file server. Under what circumstances does application performance improve, and does it come at the expense of other applications using the same server?.
{"title":"A mobile agent's effects on file service","authors":"Tammo Spalink, J. Hartman, Garth A. Gibson","doi":"10.1109/4434.846195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846195","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing an application using mobile agents might or might not improve its performance. The authors consider the effect of moving an agent application from a client to a file server. Under what circumstances does application performance improve, and does it come at the expense of other applications using the same server?.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114551332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Until now, the lack of adequate formalisms and the corresponding abstractions in software have made it difficult to realize traditional role representations in automated systems. Role models, a relatively new concept in object oriented software engineering, emphasize patterns of interaction. The article shows how role modeling can facilitate agent system analysis and design.
{"title":"Role modeling for agent system analysis, design, and implementation","authors":"E. Kendall","doi":"10.1109/4434.846192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846192","url":null,"abstract":"Until now, the lack of adequate formalisms and the corresponding abstractions in software have made it difficult to realize traditional role representations in automated systems. Role models, a relatively new concept in object oriented software engineering, emphasize patterns of interaction. The article shows how role modeling can facilitate agent system analysis and design.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121514857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reduced communication costs can motivate programmers to use mobile agent technology. The authors analyze the use of mobile agents for filtering distributed information resources and present an approach for coordinating mobile agent dissemination that minimizes communication costs.
{"title":"Optimizing the dissemination of mobile agents for distributed information filtering","authors":"W. Theilmann, K. Rothermel","doi":"10.1109/4434.846194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.846194","url":null,"abstract":"Reduced communication costs can motivate programmers to use mobile agent technology. The authors analyze the use of mobile agents for filtering distributed information resources and present an approach for coordinating mobile agent dissemination that minimizes communication costs.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"1444 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127443550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computational steering lets researchers investigate, calibrate and control long-running, resource-intensive applications at run-time. Magellan, a prototype computational steering system, uses a domain-specific language called ACSL to intelligently control multi-threaded asynchronous steering servers that cooperatively steer applications.
{"title":"Techniques for high-performance computational steering","authors":"J. Vetter, K. Schwan","doi":"10.1109/4434.806980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4434.806980","url":null,"abstract":"Computational steering lets researchers investigate, calibrate and control long-running, resource-intensive applications at run-time. Magellan, a prototype computational steering system, uses a domain-specific language called ACSL to intelligently control multi-threaded asynchronous steering servers that cooperatively steer applications.","PeriodicalId":282630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Concurr.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128596268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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