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The Effect of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance in Non-Financial LQ-45 Firms Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2017 2012 - 2017年印尼证券交易所LQ-45非金融类上市公司公司治理对财务绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2019-03-19 DOI: 10.35609/afr.2019.4.1(4)
E. J. Arilyn, Beny Beny, Emir Kharismar
Objective - This research is conducted in order to determine what factors in corporate governance affect the financial performance of a firm.Methodology/Technique - Financial performance, as the dependent variable, is measured by Return on Asset (ROA), while the independent variables (corporate governance) are measured using Board Independence, Board Size, Dividend, Firm Size, and Financial Leverage. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. The requirements for the sample of this research are the non – financial firms included in LQ-45 from 2012 to 2017 that publish annual reports that are available to the public. The research method used in this paper is a quantitative method. Panel data analysis technique and E-views tools were also used.Findings - The results indicate that firm size and percentage of board independence has no effect on financial performance, while board size, dividends, and financial leverage all effect financial performance.Novelty - The study adds to the literature of corporate government and firm performance in emerging countries.Type of Paper EmpiricalKeywords: Board Independence; Board Size; Dividends; Firm Size; Financial Leverage; Financial Performance.JEL Classification: M40, M48, M49.DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/afr.2019.4.1(4)
目的-本研究是为了确定公司治理中影响公司财务绩效的因素而进行的。方法/技术-财务绩效作为因变量,通过资产收益率(ROA)来衡量,而自变量(公司治理)则使用董事会独立性,董事会规模,股息,公司规模和财务杠杆来衡量。本研究采用的抽样方法是有目的抽样。本研究的样本要求是LQ-45中包含的2012年至2017年的非金融公司,这些公司发布的年度报告可供公众查阅。本文采用的研究方法是定量方法。还使用了面板数据分析技术和E-views工具。研究发现-结果表明,公司规模和董事会独立性百分比对财务绩效没有影响,而董事会规模,股息和财务杠杆都影响财务绩效。新颖性-该研究增加了新兴国家公司治理和公司绩效的文献。论文类型实证关键词:董事会独立性;董事会规模;股息;公司大小;财务杠杆;财务表现。JEL分类:M40, M48, M49。DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/afr.2019.4.1 (4)
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引用次数: 1
Time-Series Momentum in the Chinese Commodity Futures Market 中国商品期货市场的时间序列动量
Pub Date : 2019-01-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3311479
Hoon Cho, H. Ham, Hyeongjun Kim, Doojin Ryu
This study examines time-series momentum in the Chinese commodity futures market. The findings show that a time-series momentum strategy performs best with a one-month look-back period and a one-month holding period. Furthermore, this strategy outperforms passive long and cross-sectional momentum strategies in the Chinese futures market based on Sharpe ratios, risk-adjusted excess returns, and cumulative returns. But highly volatile market characteristic with many speculative investors limits the period in which time-series momentum is maintained. Our findings suggest that the anomaly is observed in international asset markets, including Chinese commodity futures, and support the implication that speculators profit from time-series momentum strategy is the expense of hedgers.
本研究考察了中国商品期货市场的时间序列动量。研究结果表明,时间序列动量策略在一个月的回顾期和一个月的持有期下表现最佳。此外,基于夏普比率、风险调整超额收益和累积收益,该策略在中国期货市场上优于被动多头和横截面动量策略。但是高度波动的市场特征和许多投机投资者限制了时间序列动量保持的时间。我们的研究结果表明,在包括中国商品期货在内的国际资产市场上也观察到这种异常现象,并支持投机者从时间序列动量策略中获利是套期保值者的损失的暗示。
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引用次数: 0
Does Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect Drive Market Comovement between Shanghai and Hong Kong: A New Evidence 沪港通是否推动沪港市场同步:一个新的证据
Pub Date : 2018-09-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3251660
R. Ma, Chengtao Deng, Huan Cai, Pengxiang Zhai
Abstract Using DCC, ADCC and GO-GARCH models, this paper examines whether the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program drives market comovement between Shanghai and Hong Kong. We distinguish financial liberalization induced market comovement from that induced by other factors through comparing time-varying market correlations of Shanghai-Hong Kong with those of Shenzhen-Hong Kong. The results of the three variants of multivariate GARCH models consistently show that, if we ignore the period of market crash, the market correlation between Shanghai and Hong Kong does not significantly increase after the launch of the program. Furthermore, inconsistent with theoretical prediction, we find that the correlation between Hong Kong and financially non-liberalized Shenzhen market increases much more than that between Hong Kong and financially liberalized Shanghai market in the market turbulence. The results implicate the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program is not the main fundamental force that drives market comovement between Shanghai and Hong Kong in the short run. This finding is further supported by the results of optimal hedge ratios and downside risk measures, which hold important risk management implications for investors in these markets.
摘要本文运用DCC、ADCC和GO-GARCH模型,考察了沪港通是否推动了沪港两地的市场变动。我们通过比较沪港两地与深港两地的时变市场相关性,将金融自由化引起的市场变动与其他因素引起的市场变动区分开来。三种多变量GARCH模型的结果一致表明,如果忽略股灾时期,沪港两地的市场相关性在方案启动后并没有显著增加。此外,与理论预测不一致的是,我们发现在市场动荡中,香港与金融非自由化的深圳市场的相关性比香港与金融自由化的上海市场的相关性要大得多。研究结果表明,沪港通计划在短期内并不是推动沪港市场波动的主要根本力量。最优对冲比率和下行风险措施的结果进一步支持了这一发现,这对这些市场的投资者具有重要的风险管理意义。
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引用次数: 19
Risk and Return Analysis of Equity Shares with Special Reference to Companies (BSE) Stock Index 以BSE股票指数为例的股票风险与收益分析
Pub Date : 2018-01-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3768471
Abhinandan Kulal, Pai H. Karthik, Shruthi Nayak
Analysis of risk and return of individual stock is primary steps of every investor before making investment. The main purpose of individual investor is maximizing wealth in a low level of risk. But it is very difficult to find out such investment avenue from the pool of investment avenues. In Bombay stock exchanges there are more than 5500 companies listed and 30 companies are considered as blue chip companies. This paper studies about risk and return analysis of these blue chip companies. Here data were collected highly authenticated websites such as BSE official website and money control.com. In order to analyze the risk and return of individual stock some of the statistical tools were used like Standard deviation, Correlation and CAPM model. The main objective of this paper is to find out risk return parity in the individual companies which are considered in the calculation of SENSEX index.
分析个股的风险和收益是每个投资者进行投资前的首要步骤。个人投资者的主要目的是在低风险下实现财富最大化。但要从众多的投资途径中找到这样的投资途径是非常困难的。在孟买证券交易所,有5500多家公司上市,其中30家公司被认为是蓝筹公司。本文对这些蓝筹公司的风险和收益分析进行了研究。这里收集的数据是高度认证的网站,如疯牛病官方网站和money control.com。为了分析个股的风险和收益,使用了标准差、相关和CAPM模型等统计工具。本文的主要目的是找出在计算SENSEX指数时所考虑的个别公司的风险收益平价。
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引用次数: 0
Return and Volatility Spillovers: An Evaluation of India's Demonetization Policy 回报与波动溢出:对印度废钞政策的评价
Pub Date : 2017-11-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3076785
Shubhasis Dey, A. Sampath
We investigate the evolution of dynamic interactions among five major financial assets in the Indian economy, which its recent demonetization policy tried to influence. Spillovers account for more than 25 percent of the forecast error variance in all the five markets. In terms of total spillovers, the banking and the real estate sectors matter the most for the Indian economy. Gold market is responsible for the highest net volatility spillovers to other markets. Spillovers show major trends and cycles in their time series plots. The US economy transmits shocks directly to the key sectors of the Indian economy and via the gold and the foreign exchange markets. The events such as the election of the National Democratic Alliance government in India and the Indian government’s demonetization exercise were contemporaneous to some of the major episodes of return and volatility spillovers in the analyzed assets. The increased regulatory risk for the Indian IT sector post India’s demonetization policy and President Trump’s election seems to have increased the importance of the IT sector for gold and banking sector volatility shock transmission.
我们研究了印度经济中五种主要金融资产之间动态相互作用的演变,其最近的废钞政策试图影响这些资产。在所有五个市场中,溢出效应占预测误差方差的25%以上。就总体溢出效应而言,银行业和房地产业对印度经济影响最大。黄金市场对其他市场的净波动性溢出效应最高。溢出效应在其时间序列图中显示出主要趋势和周期。美国经济将冲击直接传递到印度经济的关键部门,并通过黄金和外汇市场。印度全国民主联盟政府的选举和印度政府的废钞运动等事件与所分析资产的一些主要回报和波动溢出事件是同时发生的。印度废钞政策和特朗普总统当选后,印度IT行业的监管风险增加,似乎增加了IT行业对黄金和银行业波动冲击传导的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Contrarian and Momentum Investment Strategies in Pakistan Stock Exchange 巴基斯坦证券交易所的反向和动量投资策略
Pub Date : 2017-11-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3063904
Jalal Shah, Attaullah Shah
In this study, we examine several aspects of the momentum strategies such as profitability, risk-based explanation, and decomposition of the momentum profits. For this purpose, we use weekly and monthly data of 581 firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period 2004-2014. We found the presence of momentum profits over short- and long-horizons, while majority of the contrarian profits were observed only in the presence of penny stocks that have share prices of PKR 10 or less. As a robustness check, we computed returns through weighted relative strength scheme and average cumulative abnormal returns. Interestingly, both the methods have shown a similar pattern in returns. Further, to know which factor contributes more to momentum and contrarian profits, we used the model proposed by Lo and MacKinlay (1990). Our findings show that the overreaction effect is the largest contributing factor of contrarian profits in PSX, while cross-sectional risk is the second largest factor. Moreover, the lead-lag effect contributes positively to the contrarian profits. Similarly, the largest contributing factor for momentum profits is the underreaction effect whereas cross-sectional risk is the second largest factor that positively affects momentum profits. Unlike contrarian profits, lead-lag effect reduces the momentum profits in the PSX.
在本研究中,我们考察了动量策略的几个方面,如盈利能力、基于风险的解释和动量利润的分解。为此,我们使用2004-2014年期间在巴基斯坦证券交易所(PSX)上市的581家公司的每周和每月数据。我们发现,短期和长期都存在动量利润,而大多数反向利润只出现在股价低于10卢比的低价股上。作为稳健性检验,我们通过加权相对强度方案和平均累积异常收益计算收益。有趣的是,这两种方法都显示出相似的回报模式。此外,为了了解哪个因素对动量和反向利润贡献更大,我们使用了Lo和MacKinlay(1990)提出的模型。我们的研究结果表明,过度反应效应是PSX逆向利润的最大贡献因素,而横断面风险是第二大因素。此外,领先滞后效应对逆向利润有积极的贡献。同样,对动量利润的最大贡献因素是反应不足效应,而横截面风险是对动量利润产生积极影响的第二大因素。与逆向利润不同,领先滞后效应降低了PSX的动量利润。
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引用次数: 1
India Equity Market Valuations: The Need to Exercise Prudence 印度股市估值:需要谨慎行事
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3061713
Baijnath Ramraika, CFA, P. Trivedi
While the earnings recovery has yet to realize itself, equity markets in India have continued to move up. As indices have moved up while earnings have largely failed to keep pace, valuations, to the extent that one bases them on the current earnings power of the business, have increasingly extended themselves in the overvalued zone. At Multi-Act EquiGlobe and at Sapphire Capital, we are primarily focused on a small sub-set of businesses. Our target investment universe is comprised of high quality businesses that possess durable competitive advantages. In our efforts to effectively answer the question of top-down valuations, we built a bottom-up model of companies in our investment universe; the India Moats Index. Our analysis covers 65 unique companies over the last 12 years. We take a deep dive into the profitability of these businesses as a group, levels of leverage employed, business reinvestments and share buybacks, and business valuations. Our findings suggest that the high-quality business sub-set is overvalued as well. We find that the valuation dispersion within the high quality business space is continuing to be wide allowing us to selectively construct a superior portfolio as compared to the wider investment universe.
尽管盈利复苏尚未实现,但印度股市仍在继续上涨。随着指数上涨,而盈利却基本上未能跟上,估值(以企业当前盈利能力为基础)越来越多地延伸至估值过高的区域。在Multi-Act EquiGlobe和Sapphire Capital,我们主要专注于一小部分业务。我们的目标投资领域是由具有持久竞争优势的高质量企业组成。为了有效地回答自上而下的估值问题,我们在投资领域建立了一个自下而上的公司模型;印度护城河指数。我们的分析涵盖了过去12年中65家独特的公司。我们将深入研究这些企业作为一个整体的盈利能力、所使用的杠杆水平、企业再投资和股票回购以及企业估值。我们的研究结果表明,高质量的业务子集也被高估了。我们发现,与更广泛的投资领域相比,高质量业务领域内的估值分散度仍然很大,这使我们能够有选择地构建一个更好的投资组合。
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引用次数: 0
The Market-Timing Ability of Chinese Equity Securities Investment Funds 中国股票型证券投资基金的择时能力
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3054429
Jun Gao, Niall O’Sullivan, Meadhbh Sherman
This study examines the market-timing performance of Chinese equity securities investment funds during the period from May 2003 to May 2014 using the parametric tests of Treynor–Mazuy and Henriksson–Merton as well as the Jiang non-parametric test. Based on the non-parametric approach, the study finds that only one fund among the sample of 419 funds possessed statistically significant market-timing skill, while 9% of the funds were statistically significant negative market timers. Most funds do not time the market. This conclusion is robust when controlling for publicly available information in evaluating ‘private’ timing ability. Consistent with studies of other markets such as the UK, a higher prevalence of successful market timers is found by the Treynor–Mazuy and Henriksson–Merton methods compared to the non-parametric procedure.
本文采用Treynor-Mazuy和Henriksson-Merton参数检验以及Jiang非参数检验对2003年5月至2014年5月期间中国股票型证券投资基金的市场时机绩效进行了检验。基于非参数方法的研究发现,在419只基金样本中,只有一只基金具有统计显著的市场择时能力,而9%的基金具有统计显著的负市场择时能力。大多数基金没有把握市场时机。当在评估“私人”计时能力时控制了公开可用信息时,这一结论是稳健的。与其他市场(如英国)的研究一致,与非参数程序相比,Treynor-Mazuy和Henriksson-Merton方法发现成功的市场计时器的患病率更高。
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引用次数: 15
Single Stock Futures and Their Impact on Risk Characteristics of the Underlying Stocks: A Dynamic CAPM Approach 单股期货及其对标的股票风险特征的影响:一个动态CAPM方法
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3054618
I. Malik, Attaullah Shah
The concern regarding destabilizing ability of trading in futures markets in terms of increase in risk is still unresolved in developed and developing economies. This discussion also prevailed in Pakistan after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). To investigates this concern with respect to Single Stock Futures (SSFs) and their impact on the underlying stocks, this study made use of data from 1999 to 2008. Speci cally, this study investigates the introduction of SSFs in relevance to their impact on the systematic and unsystematic risk of their counterparts. The statistical results of the study show that introduction of SSFs does not enhance the overall risk of the underlying stocks. Therefore, it can be concluded that SSFs cannot be blamed for any apparent volatility in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) at and before GFC. There could be some other reasons for change in risk level (accounting and macroeconomic fundamentals or industry speci fic etc.). The results of this study are in line with a category of earlier studies, which show that introduction of futures do not destabilize the underlying market. The study implies that flexible regulated futures markets can improve price discovery and liquidity of the market, while acting as an agent for hedgers.
在发达和发展中经济体中,对期货市场交易在风险增加方面的不稳定能力的担忧仍未得到解决。在全球金融危机之后,这种讨论也在巴基斯坦盛行。为了研究这种对单一股票期货的关注及其对标的股票的影响,本研究使用了1999年至2008年的数据。具体而言,本研究调查了ssf的引入对其同行的系统性和非系统性风险的影响。研究的统计结果表明,社保基金的引入并没有提高标的股票的整体风险。因此,可以得出结论,在全球金融危机发生时和之前,巴基斯坦证券交易所(PSX)的任何明显波动都不能归咎于ssf。风险水平变化可能有其他一些原因(会计和宏观经济基本面或行业特定等)。本研究的结果与早期的一类研究一致,这些研究表明,期货的引入不会破坏基础市场的稳定。研究表明,受监管的灵活期货市场可以改善市场的价格发现和流动性,同时为套期保值者提供代理。
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引用次数: 1
Asset Prices, Real Exchange Rate and Current Account Fluctuations: Some Structural VAR Evidence for Thailand 资产价格、实际汇率和经常账户波动:泰国的一些结构性VAR证据
Pub Date : 2017-08-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2869592
Komain Jiranyakul
This paper employs quarterly data during 2008Q1 and 2016Q2 to examine the impacts of shocks to asset prices and real exchange rate on the current balance in Thailand. The structural VAR model is used. The results show that the shocks to real effective exchange rate and housing prices can better explain fluctuations in the current account.
本文采用2008年第一季度和2016年第二季度的季度数据来检验资产价格和实际汇率冲击对泰国当前余额的影响。采用结构VAR模型。结果表明,对实际有效汇率和房价的冲击能更好地解释经常项目的波动。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
ERN: Asia & Pacific (Emerging Markets) (Topic)
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