Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.12697/akut.2018.24.10
J. Jürimäe, A. Tamm, Liina Remmel, V. Tillmann
We investigated whether common inflammatory markers are associated with bone accumulation in lean pubertal girls. Thirty-four 10–12-yearold lean girls at pubertal stages 2–4 were studied. Twelve inflammatory parameters [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factoralpha, IL-1α, IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and epidermal growth factor] were measured from plasma samples. Whole body (WB), lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD), and WB bone mineral content (BMC) were assessed by DXA. Plasma IFN-γ concentration was negatively correlated (p<0.05) with WB BMC (r=–0.45), WB BMD (r=–0.46) and FN BMD (r=–0.43). In addition, plasma IL–6 (r= –0.37; p<0.05), IL-1α (r=–0.40; p<0.05) and MCP-1 (r=–0.38; p<0.05) concentrations were also negatively correlated to measured BMD values. The stepwise regression analysis showed that IFN-γ alone and together with IL-1α explained 18.6% and 27.6%, respectively, of the variability in WB BMD, while IL-1α and MCP-1 together explained 25.5% of the variability in LS BMD, and IL-1α together with IFN-γ explained 34.1% of the variability in FN BMD. In conclusion, plasma IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1α and MCP-1 concentrations were associated with BMD variables, suggesting that these cytokines may participate in bone accumu lation in lean pubertal girls.
{"title":"Associations between inflammatory markers and bone mineral density in lean pubertal girls","authors":"J. Jürimäe, A. Tamm, Liina Remmel, V. Tillmann","doi":"10.12697/akut.2018.24.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/akut.2018.24.10","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated whether common inflammatory markers are associated with bone accumulation in lean pubertal girls. Thirty-four 10–12-yearold lean girls at pubertal stages 2–4 were studied. Twelve inflammatory parameters [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factoralpha, IL-1α, IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and epidermal growth factor] were measured from plasma samples. Whole body (WB), lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD), and WB bone mineral content (BMC) were assessed by DXA. Plasma IFN-γ concentration was negatively correlated (p<0.05) with WB BMC (r=–0.45), WB BMD (r=–0.46) and FN BMD (r=–0.43). In addition, plasma IL–6 (r= –0.37; p<0.05), IL-1α (r=–0.40; p<0.05) and MCP-1 (r=–0.38; p<0.05) concentrations were also negatively correlated to measured BMD values. The stepwise regression analysis showed that IFN-γ alone and together with IL-1α explained 18.6% and 27.6%, respectively, of the variability in WB BMD, while IL-1α and MCP-1 together explained 25.5% of the variability in LS BMD, and IL-1α together with IFN-γ explained 34.1% of the variability in FN BMD. In conclusion, plasma IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1α and MCP-1 concentrations were associated with BMD variables, suggesting that these cytokines may participate in bone accumu lation in lean pubertal girls.","PeriodicalId":287636,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132977118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.12697/akut.2018.24.08
Silvia Piikmann, K. Reisberg
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of single-bout isometric handgrip training on systolic (BPS) and diastolic blood pressure (BPD). Healthy normotensive (BP<120/80 mmHg) (n=6) and prehypertensive (BPS 120–139 mmHg and/or BPD 80–89 mmHg) (n=6) women with mean age of 47.3±14.0 years, who did not take antihypertensive medicine, participated in the study. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with aneroid sphygmomanometer Riester Precisa N (Germany). Thereafter with the JAMAR hydraulic hand dynamometer (USA) maximal isometric contraction (MVC) was recorded. After a rest of 3 min, the subject was asked to perform the isometric contraction at 30% of MVC for 2 min and that was repeated for four times with rest of 1 min after each bout of contraction. BP was measured again after a rest of 3 min and 3 hrs. 3 min after isometric exercise no statistically significant changes in BPS and BPD was observed. But clinically meaningful BPS decrease was observed and confirmed by subgroup analysis with decrease in BPS among prehypertensive subjects. 3 hrs after isometric exercise BPS and BPD were significantly reduced and the decrease in BPS was also clinically meaningful. Subgroup findings showed among normotensive significant and clinically meaningful reduction in BPS and BPD, respectively, as well as clinically meaningful reduction in BPS among prehypertensive subjects. According to this study we suggest that isometric handgrip training could be considered as BP lowering training method.
{"title":"The effect of isometric handgrip training on blood pressure","authors":"Silvia Piikmann, K. Reisberg","doi":"10.12697/akut.2018.24.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/akut.2018.24.08","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the effect of single-bout isometric handgrip training on systolic (BPS) and diastolic blood pressure (BPD). Healthy normotensive (BP<120/80 mmHg) (n=6) and prehypertensive (BPS 120–139 mmHg and/or BPD 80–89 mmHg) (n=6) women with mean age of 47.3±14.0 years, who did not take antihypertensive medicine, participated in the study. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with aneroid sphygmomanometer Riester Precisa N (Germany). Thereafter with the JAMAR hydraulic hand dynamometer (USA) maximal isometric contraction (MVC) was recorded. After a rest of 3 min, the subject was asked to perform the isometric contraction at 30% of MVC for 2 min and that was repeated for four times with rest of 1 min after each bout of contraction. BP was measured again after a rest of 3 min and 3 hrs. 3 min after isometric exercise no statistically significant changes in BPS and BPD was observed. But clinically meaningful BPS decrease was observed and confirmed by subgroup analysis with decrease in BPS among prehypertensive subjects. 3 hrs after isometric exercise BPS and BPD were significantly reduced and the decrease in BPS was also clinically meaningful. Subgroup findings showed among normotensive significant and clinically meaningful reduction in BPS and BPD, respectively, as well as clinically meaningful reduction in BPS among prehypertensive subjects. According to this study we suggest that isometric handgrip training could be considered as BP lowering training method.","PeriodicalId":287636,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122479960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.12697/AKUT.2018.24.01
Peeter Lusmägi, K. Mooses, E. Roosmaa, M. Kull
The aim of this study is to describe the changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels among the Estonian adult population in the years 2013–2015 in order to examine the relationships between LTPA level and socioeconomic status (SES) and health indicators, and also to explore perceived barriers to LTPA. Data from the National Physical Activity Survey were used. The sample consisted of 1009 participants aged 15–69 in 2013 and 1004 respondents in 2015. The proportion of Estonian adults exercising regularly at least four times per week increased from 39% in 2013 to 45% in 2015. Being in the older age groups increased the odds for physical inactivity 2.07–4.74 times compared to the youngest age group (15–24) (p<0.01). Having primary, basic, or secondary education increased the odds of being inactive 2.33–3.14 times compared to respondents with higher education (p < 0.01). The most prevalent barriers to physical activity reported by inactive adults were: 1) the absence of interest or unwillingness to make an effort, 2) tiredness at work, and 3) lack of time. In conclusion, despite a slight positive trend, LTPA levels are low. As the perceived barriers depend on age, public health strategies should involve age-specific solutions, especially for older adults.
{"title":"Changes in leisure-time physical activity levels and perceived barriers among Estonian adults over a two-year period","authors":"Peeter Lusmägi, K. Mooses, E. Roosmaa, M. Kull","doi":"10.12697/AKUT.2018.24.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12697/AKUT.2018.24.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to describe the changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels among the Estonian adult population in the years 2013–2015 in order to examine the relationships between LTPA level and socioeconomic status (SES) and health indicators, and also to explore perceived barriers to LTPA. Data from the National Physical Activity Survey were used. The sample consisted of 1009 participants aged 15–69 in 2013 and 1004 respondents in 2015. The proportion of Estonian adults exercising regularly at least four times per week increased from 39% in 2013 to 45% in 2015. Being in the older age groups increased the odds for physical inactivity 2.07–4.74 times compared to the youngest age group (15–24) (p<0.01). Having primary, basic, or secondary education increased the odds of being inactive 2.33–3.14 times compared to respondents with higher education (p < 0.01). The most prevalent barriers to physical activity reported by inactive adults were: 1) the absence of interest or unwillingness to make an effort, 2) tiredness at work, and 3) lack of time. In conclusion, despite a slight positive trend, LTPA levels are low. As the perceived barriers depend on age, public health strategies should involve age-specific solutions, especially for older adults.","PeriodicalId":287636,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132111848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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