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2014 IEEE 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing最新文献

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Cloudburst - Simulating Workload for IaaS Clouds Cloudburst -模拟IaaS云的工作负载
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.116
J. Kross, A. Wolke
In this work we implemented Cloudburst to generate realistic workload in Infrastructure as a Service cloud testbeds. Our goal was to minimize the memory footprint of such workload generators by leveraging alternative programming paradigms for highly concurrent applications. In contrast to many existing we leverage the concurrency model of the Go programming language instead of threads. Initial benchmarks with Cloudburst and Rain suggest that Cloudburst consumes significantly less memory at the cost of a higher CPU footprint. In our experimental testbed memory is a more critical resource. Leveraging Cloudburst allows us to run larger benchmarks with the same hardware.
在这项工作中,我们实现了Cloudburst来在基础设施即服务云测试平台中生成真实的工作负载。我们的目标是通过为高度并发的应用程序利用可选的编程范例来最小化此类工作负载生成器的内存占用。与许多现有的相比,我们利用Go编程语言的并发模型而不是线程。Cloudburst和Rain的初始基准测试表明,Cloudburst以更高的CPU占用为代价,消耗更少的内存。在我们的实验测试平台中,内存是一个更关键的资源。利用Cloudburst可以让我们在相同的硬件上运行更大的基准测试。
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引用次数: 5
Towards a Flexible Fine-Grained Access Control System for Modern Cloud Applications 面向现代云应用的灵活细粒度访问控制系统
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.144
Reza Shiftehfar, K. Mechitov, G. Agha
The fast growth of cloud applications highlights the requirement of appropriate security controls to restrict access to shared resources limited to authorized users. Existing authorization systems are not primarily designed for cloud environments and do not provide the required flexibility, adaptability, elasticity, scalability, or fine-grainedness of cloud applications. This paper outlines an ongoing effort in development of a flexible fine-grained access control system for modern cloud-based applications. Modern cloud applications are distinctive in that the required authorization rules are defined by the organizations owning data and resources, before the application logic can be developed by their programmers. Although this simplifies cloud application development and provides flexibility and adaptability to potential future policy changes, it highlights the need for an adaptive flexible authorization system.
云应用程序的快速增长凸显了对适当的安全控制的需求,以限制只有授权用户才能访问共享资源。现有的授权系统主要不是为云环境设计的,不能提供云应用程序所需的灵活性、适应性、弹性、可伸缩性或细粒度。本文概述了为现代基于云的应用开发灵活的细粒度访问控制系统的持续努力。现代云应用程序的独特之处在于,在程序员开发应用程序逻辑之前,所需的授权规则由拥有数据和资源的组织定义。尽管这简化了云应用程序的开发,并为未来可能的策略更改提供了灵活性和适应性,但它强调了对自适应灵活授权系统的需求。
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引用次数: 5
Smart CloudMonitor - Providing Visibility into Performance of Black-Box Clouds 智能CloudMonitor -提供对黑盒子云性能的可见性
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.108
Mohan Baruwal Chhetri, S. Chichin, Quoc Bao Vo, R. Kowalczyk
Migration to the cloud offers several benefits including reduced operational costs, flexibility, scalability, and a greater focus on business goals, but it also has a flip side reduced visibility. Organizations only have a blackbox view of cloud servers and while pricing and specification information is publicly available, there is limited information about cloud performance. This necessitates the need for tools that can provide greater visibility into cloud insfrastructure performance so that consumers can objectively compare and contrast the offerings from different providers. Smart CloudBench [1][2][3] is a system that allows users to run automated, ondemand, real-time and customized benchmark tests on cloud infrastructure. In this paper, we present Smart CloudMonitor - a performance monitoring tool that provides multi-layer performance monitoring capabilities to Smart CloudBench. It provides greater visibility and insight into cloud performance by monitoring both application performance as well as the corresponding resource consumption. Experiments conducted on cloud infrastructure using Smart CloudBench show the add value that Smart CloudMonitor provides to the process of cloud performance evaluation.
迁移到云提供了几个好处,包括降低运营成本、灵活性、可伸缩性和更关注业务目标,但它也有降低可见性的缺点。组织只有云服务器的黑箱视图,虽然价格和规格信息是公开的,但关于云性能的信息有限。这就需要能够更好地了解云基础设施性能的工具,以便消费者能够客观地比较和对比来自不同提供商的产品。Smart CloudBench[1][2][3]是一个允许用户在云基础设施上运行自动化、按需、实时和定制基准测试的系统。在本文中,我们介绍了Smart CloudMonitor——一个为Smart CloudBench提供多层性能监控功能的性能监控工具。它通过监视应用程序性能以及相应的资源消耗,提供了对云性能的更大可见性和洞察力。使用Smart CloudBench在云基础设施上进行的实验表明,Smart CloudMonitor为云性能评估过程提供了附加价值。
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引用次数: 8
Cost of Tape versus Disk for Archival Storage 用于归档存储的磁带与磁盘的成本
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.37
Jeff T. Inman, G. Grider, Hsing-bung Chen
For archiving large datasets in high-performance computing facilities, tape technology has a long history of providing inexpensive capacity. However, as the memory-size of supercomputers continues to grow geometrically, the cost of tape bandwidth is becoming more important. The projected costs for tape-drives, robotics, and maintenance, are creating challenges for tape-based archives. The advent of erasure-coded object storage, driven by the "cloud storage" industry, might make it practical to implement archives using disks, or hybrid disk-and-tape systems. We used linear optimization techniques to investigate when and how this transition might best be made, taking into consideration our significant investment in tape technology. Our models introduce a technique to systematically relax constraints on the relationship between tape-capacity and tape-bandwidth, which governs a trade-off between cost and performance. We ran parameter studies that support some preliminary conclusions about paths forward for archive infrastructure at LANL.
为了在高性能计算设施中归档大型数据集,磁带技术在提供廉价容量方面有着悠久的历史。然而,随着超级计算机的内存大小继续呈几何级增长,磁带带宽的成本变得越来越重要。磁带驱动器、机器人和维护的预计成本给基于磁带的归档带来了挑战。由“云存储”行业推动的擦除编码对象存储的出现,可能会使使用磁盘或磁盘和磁带混合系统实现归档变得可行。考虑到我们在胶带技术上的重大投资,我们使用线性优化技术来研究何时以及如何最好地实现这种转变。我们的模型引入了一种技术,系统地放宽了对磁带容量和磁带带宽之间关系的限制,这控制了成本和性能之间的权衡。我们进行了一些参数研究,这些研究支持一些关于LANL存档基础设施前进路径的初步结论。
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引用次数: 5
Enhanced Backfill Computing 增强的回填计算
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.140
D. Che, J. Fairfield, P. Ghodous, Jean-Patrick Gelas
We are motivated to study (and eventually deliver) a cloud facility that has its "back door" open for incorporating voluntary computing resources, and such implemented cloud infrastructures have the potential to harmoniously serve both on-demand and non on-demand requests/jobs at possibly the lowest cost because of involvement of the low or no cost of using voluntary computing resources. This short paper presents our idea of enhancing the "backfill computing" model originally proposed by Marshall, et al. by incorporating voluntary computing resources into the resource pools of clouds, and summarizes the simulation results we had recently obtained.
我们有动力去研究(并最终交付)一种云设施,它为合并自愿计算资源打开了“后门”,而且这种实现的云基础设施有可能以最低的成本和谐地服务于按需和非按需请求/工作,因为涉及到使用自愿计算资源的低成本或无成本。这篇短文介绍了我们通过将自愿计算资源纳入云资源池来增强Marshall等人最初提出的“回填计算”模型的想法,并总结了我们最近获得的模拟结果。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple Two-Phase Data Processing with MapReduce MapReduce的多两阶段数据处理
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.55
Hsiang-Huang Wu, Tse-Chen Yeh, Chien-Min Wang
MapReduce, proposed as a programming model, has been widely adopted in the field of text processing over large datasets with the capability of exploiting the distributed resources and processing the large-scale data. Attributed to its simplicity and scalability, the success seems to have the potential to make Big Data processing by cloud computing available. Nevertheless, such promise is accompanied by the difficulty of fitting the applications into MapReduce. This is because MapReduce is limited to the kind of applications that every input key-value pair is independent of each other. In this paper, we extend the general applicability of MapReduce by allowing the dependence within a set of input key-value pairs but preserving independence among all sets. Such this new modeling paradigm intends MapReduce to shift processing the independent input key-value pairs to processing the independent sets. However, the advancement in the applicability brings the intricate problem of how two-stage processing structure, inherent in MapReduce, handles the dependence within a set of input key-value pairs. To tackle this problem, we propose the design pattern called two-phase data processing. It expresses the application in two phases not only to match the two-stage processing structure but to exploit the power of MapReduce through the cooperation between the mappers and reducers. In addition, we present the design methodology-multiple two-phase data processing-to offer advice on processing the independent sets. The experiment of background subtraction, a part of video surveillance, proves that the new modeling paradigm broadens the possibilities of MapReduce and demonstrates how our design methodology guides the applications to the implementation.
MapReduce作为一种编程模型,以其利用分布式资源和处理大规模数据的能力,被广泛应用于大型数据集的文本处理领域。由于其简单性和可扩展性,这一成功似乎有可能使云计算的大数据处理成为可能。然而,这样的承诺伴随着将应用程序装入MapReduce的困难。这是因为MapReduce仅限于每个输入键值对彼此独立的应用程序。在本文中,我们扩展了MapReduce的一般适用性,允许一组输入键值对之间的依赖,但保留所有输入键值对之间的独立性。这种新的建模范式使得MapReduce将处理独立的输入键值对转变为处理独立的输入集。然而,适用性的提高带来了一个复杂的问题,即MapReduce固有的两阶段处理结构如何处理一组输入键值对中的依赖性。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了称为两阶段数据处理的设计模式。它将应用程序分为两个阶段,不仅是为了匹配两阶段处理结构,而且是为了通过映射器和简化器之间的合作来利用MapReduce的强大功能。此外,我们还提出了多阶段数据处理的设计方法,为独立集的处理提供了建议。背景减法(视频监控的一部分)的实验证明了新的建模范式拓宽了MapReduce的可能性,并演示了我们的设计方法如何指导应用程序的实现。
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引用次数: 3
An Aspect-Oriented Approach to SLA-Driven Monitoring Multi-tenant Cloud Application 面向方面的sla驱动的多租户云应用监控方法
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.118
Huihong He, Zhiyi Ma, Hongjie Chen, Chih-Yi Yeh, W. Shao
As more and more multi-tenant applications emerge in clouds, people increasingly recognize the importance of multi-tenant applications in realizing cloud benefit maximization. Service Level Agreement (SLA) is advocated widely to monitor these applications for multiple tenants to meet their service quality requirements. However, so far these applications provide limited multi-tenant monitoring supports, which prevents the applications from guaranteeing tenants' interests efficiently. In this paper, we propose an aspect-oriented approach to monitor multi-tenant applications based on tenant SLAs. Our approach includes monitoring code generation and runtime management. During code generation, the approach proposes an SLA feature model for tenants to specify variable requirements. Based on the requirements the approach selects code snippets, which are implemented as templates in advance, and splices them into an monitoring aspect. During runtime, the approach prioritizes aspects to determine execution order and updates monitoring status in term of tenant. An implemented prototype is used to evaluate the approach by case studies, which demonstrate the approach effectiveness in common situations.
随着越来越多的多租户应用程序出现在云中,人们越来越认识到多租户应用程序在实现云效益最大化方面的重要性。广泛提倡使用服务水平协议(Service Level Agreement, SLA)来监视这些应用程序,以满足多个租户的服务质量需求。但是,到目前为止,这些应用程序提供的多租户监视支持有限,这使得应用程序无法有效地保证租户的利益。在本文中,我们提出了一种面向方面的方法来监视基于租户sla的多租户应用程序。我们的方法包括监视代码生成和运行时管理。在代码生成过程中,该方法为租户提供了一个SLA特性模型来指定可变需求。该方法根据需求选择预先作为模板实现的代码片段,并将它们拼接到监视方面中。在运行期间,该方法对各个方面进行优先排序,以确定执行顺序,并根据租户更新监视状态。通过实例研究,利用已实现的原型对该方法进行了评价,验证了该方法在常见情况下的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Use of Network Latency Profiling and Redundancy for Cloud Server Selection 使用网络延迟分析和冗余云服务器选择
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.114
Minseok Kwon, Zuochao Dou, W. Heinzelman, T. Soyata, He Ba, Jiye Shi
As servers are placed in diverse locations in networked services today, it becomes vital to direct a client's request to the best server(s) to achieve both high performance and reliability. In this distributed setting, non-negligible latency and server availability become two major concerns, especially for highly-interactive applications. Profiling latencies and sending redundant data have been investigated as solutions to these issues. The notion of a cloudlet in mobile-cloud computing is also relevant in this context, as the cloudlet can supply these solution approaches on behalf of the mobile. In this paper, we investigate the effects of profiling and redundancy on latency when a client has a choice of multiple servers to connect to, using measurements from real experiments and simulations. We devise and test different server selection and data partitioning strategies in terms of profiling and redundancy. Our key findings are summarized as follows. First, intelligent server selection algorithms help find the optimal group of servers that minimize latency with profiling. Second, we can achieve good performance with relatively simple approaches using redundancy. Our analysis of profiling and redundancy provides insight to help designers determine how many servers and which servers to select to reduce latency.
由于服务器被放置在网络服务中的不同位置,因此将客户端的请求引导到最佳服务器以实现高性能和可靠性变得至关重要。在这种分布式设置中,不可忽略的延迟和服务器可用性成为两个主要问题,特别是对于高度交互的应用程序。分析延迟和发送冗余数据已经作为这些问题的解决方案进行了研究。移动云计算中的云的概念也与此相关,因为云可以代表移动设备提供这些解决方案方法。在本文中,我们研究了分析和冗余对延迟的影响,当客户端有多个服务器选择连接,使用测量从真实的实验和模拟。我们在分析和冗余方面设计和测试了不同的服务器选择和数据分区策略。我们的主要发现总结如下。首先,智能服务器选择算法有助于找到最优的服务器组,从而通过分析最小化延迟。其次,我们可以通过使用冗余的相对简单的方法获得良好的性能。我们对性能分析和冗余的分析提供了洞察力,帮助设计人员确定选择多少服务器以及选择哪些服务器来减少延迟。
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引用次数: 53
A Comparative Study on I/O Performance between Compute and Storage Optimized Instances of Amazon EC2 Amazon EC2计算与存储优化实例I/O性能比较研究
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.146
Abu Awal Md Shoeb, Ragib Hasan, Munirul M. Haque, Meng-Zeng Hu
Cloud computing infrastructure helps users to minimize cost by outsourcing data and computation on-demand. Due to the varying user needs in terms of computation power, storage capacity, etc., cloud providers offer various machines to choose from, to maximize the intended need. In this paper, we disprove several common conceptions regarding the performance and cost of cloud by experimenting on instances of two different families (compute and storage optimized) of the most popular cloud platform, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). Our analysis shows the interesting finding that, for the machines of the same configuration, storage optimized instances have lower disk read-write speed than compute optimized, which does not completely reflect the claim made by Amazon in all cases. Additionally, storage optimized instances have notable performance difference among them. We also identify that the I/O performance of same instance type varies over different time periods.
云计算基础设施通过按需外包数据和计算,帮助用户最大限度地降低成本。由于用户在计算能力、存储容量等方面的需求不同,云提供商提供了各种机器供选择,以最大限度地满足预期需求。在本文中,我们通过对最流行的云平台Amazon Elastic compute cloud (EC2)的两个不同家族(计算和存储优化)的实例进行实验,反驳了关于云的性能和成本的几个常见概念。我们的分析显示了一个有趣的发现:对于相同配置的机器,存储优化实例的磁盘读写速度低于计算优化实例,这并不能完全反映Amazon在所有情况下的说法。此外,存储优化实例之间的性能差异也很明显。我们还发现,相同实例类型的I/O性能在不同时间段会有所不同。
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引用次数: 1
D-Mash: A Framework for Privacy-Preserving Data-as-a-Service Mashups D-Mash:一个保护隐私的数据即服务mashup框架
Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2014.73
M. Arafati, Gaby G. Dagher, B. Fung, P. Hung
Data-as-a-Service (DaaS) mashup enables data providers to dynamically integrate their data on demand depending on consumers' requests. Utilizing DaaS mashup, however, involves some challenges. Mashing up data from multiple sources to answer a consumer's request might reveal sensitive information and thereby compromise the privacy of individuals. Moreover, data integration of arbitrary DaaS providers might not always be sufficient to answer incoming requests. In this paper, we provide a cloud-based framework for privacy-preserving DaaS mashup that enables secure collaboration between DaaS providers for the purpose of generating an anonymous dataset to support data mining. Experiments on real-life data demonstrate that our DaaS mashup framework is scalable and can efficiently and effectively satisfy the data privacy and data mining requirements specified by the DaaS providers and the data consumers.
数据即服务(DaaS) mashup使数据提供者能够根据消费者的请求动态集成其数据。然而,利用DaaS mashup涉及到一些挑战。将来自多个来源的数据混在一起以响应消费者的请求可能会泄露敏感信息,从而损害个人隐私。此外,任意DaaS提供商的数据集成可能并不总是足以响应传入的请求。在本文中,我们为保护隐私的DaaS mashup提供了一个基于云的框架,该框架支持DaaS提供商之间的安全协作,以生成匿名数据集来支持数据挖掘。在实际数据上的实验表明,我们的DaaS mashup框架具有可扩展性,能够高效、有效地满足DaaS提供者和数据消费者指定的数据隐私和数据挖掘需求。
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引用次数: 19
期刊
2014 IEEE 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing
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