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2015 International Conference Oriental COCOSDA held jointly with 2015 Conference on Asian Spoken Language Research and Evaluation (O-COCOSDA/CASLRE)最新文献

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Melody of Mandarin L2 English—when L1 transfer and L2 planning come together 当L1迁移和L2规划结合在一起时,普通话L2英语的旋律
Chao-yu Su, Chiu-yu Tseng
It is always more difficult for L2 speakers to produce the melody and tempo of continuous speech because it requires simultaneous planning of L2 linguistic specifications, higher level discourse associations and information placements. We assume that higher level planning requires within-phrase chunking and cross-phrase paragraph phrasing while information arrangements through emphasis weighting assignment and allocation. The above involved planning is most notably delivered through distinct global melodic modulations and patterns. The present compares the onset features of extracted Phrase Commands and their consistency with tagged discourse units and perceived emphases using speech data of L1 English, Taiwan (TW) L2 English and TW L1 Mandarin. Explicitly, we study F0 contour features to compare L1/L2 chunking units and their global patterns to pinpoint L2 features. Results of distinct TW L2 features compared with L1 English are (1) less consistent discourse chunking, (2) fewer distinct contours by prosodic words, (3) less degree of emphasis contrast in prosodic phrase and (4) more distinct contours in non-emphases. While (1) and (2) may reflect general L2 planning difficulties, our results show that (3) and (4) namely, flatter overall contour, are Mandarin inherent transferred to L2. We believe our proposed methods of extracted Phrase Command more accurately and better represent global melodic features that could be applied to other L1/L1 comparison in general; the findings could also be directly applied to CALL development of L2 prosody enhancement to improve overall intelligibility.
对于二语说话者来说,产生连续话语的旋律和节奏总是比较困难的,因为它需要同时规划二语的语言规范、更高层次的话语关联和信息放置。我们假设更高层次的规划需要短语内的组块和跨短语的段落措辞,而信息安排则通过重点权重分配和分配。以上所涉及的规划是通过独特的全局旋律调制和模式来实现的。本文以台湾(TW)第二语言英语和台湾(TW)第二语言普通话的语音数据为研究对象,比较了提取的短语命令的起始特征及其与标记语单元和感知重点的一致性。明确地,我们研究了F0轮廓特征,以比较L1/L2分块单元及其全局模式,以确定L2特征。结果表明,与母语英语相比,汉语第二语言特征明显:(1)语篇组块一致性较差,(2)韵律词的明显轮廓较少,(3)韵律短语的强调程度对比较少,(4)非强调部分的轮廓更明显。虽然(1)和(2)可能反映了一般的L2规划困难,但我们的研究结果表明(3)和(4)即平坦的整体轮廓,是普通话固有的L2迁移。我们认为我们提出的提取短语命令的方法更准确,更好地代表全局旋律特征,可以应用于其他L1/L1比较;研究结果也可以直接应用于第二语言韵律增强的CALL发展,以提高整体可理解性。
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引用次数: 1
District names speech corpus for Pakistani Languages 巴基斯坦语地区名称语料库
Sahar Rauf, Asima Hameed, T. Habib, S. Hussain
This paper presents a speech corpus that is developed for Urdu automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. The corpus comprises of single word utterances fixed vocabulary consisting of district names of Pakistan. The data is recorded over a telephone channel from all over Pakistan to cover six major accents; Punjabi, Urdu, Saraiki, Pashto, Sindhi, and Balochi. The data was collected in challenging acoustic environments; the major issues were silence, background noise and alternate pronunciations, which can affect the performance of the system. In order to address these issues, comprehensive data verification and cleaning guidelines are presented. The proposed process serves as a data preprocessing step for the development of ASR, which is successfully integrated in an Urdu dialog system to provide weather information of Pakistan.
本文为乌尔都语自动语音识别系统开发了一个语音语料库。语料库由巴基斯坦地区名称组成的单字话语固定词汇组成。这些数据是通过巴基斯坦各地的电话通道记录的,涵盖了六种主要口音;旁遮普语、乌尔都语、萨拉基语、普什图语、信德语和俾路支语。这些数据是在具有挑战性的声学环境中收集的;主要问题是静音、背景噪音和交替发音,这些都会影响系统的性能。为了解决这些问题,提出了全面的数据验证和清洗指南。提出的过程是ASR开发的数据预处理步骤,ASR已成功地集成到乌尔都语对话系统中,以提供巴基斯坦的天气信息。
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引用次数: 11
Corpus design and development of an annotated speech database for Punjabi 旁遮普语注释语音数据库的语料库设计与开发
S. Bansal, S. Sharan, S. Agrawal
Punjabi is an important Indo-Aryan languages spoken in India and in some other countries especially Pakistan. It is a tonal language and its phonetic and phonological aspects have not been studied very much. The present paper reports development of phonemically annotated speech database of Malwai dialect of Punjabi. A phonetically rich text database of 1500 words and 300 sentences from a corpus of about 300,000 words was created. These were recorded by 25 male and 25 female speaker format with sampling rate of 16 kHz and 16 bit. The recordings were made in the native places of speakers possessing the original version the Malwai dialect of Punjabi. The recorded data was segmented and labeled phonemically to get the phonemic and sub-phonemic elements of each phoneme and the tonemes of Punjabi language. The annotated database can be useful for phonetic studies and to develop Punjabi speech synthesis system.
旁遮普语是一种重要的印度雅利安语言,在印度和其他一些国家,特别是巴基斯坦使用。它是一种声调语言,其语音和音系方面的研究还不多。本文报道了旁遮普马尔瓦伊方言语音注释数据库的开发。从大约30万个单词的语料库中创建了一个包含1500个单词和300个句子的语音丰富的文本数据库。这些录音采用25男25女扬声器格式,采样率为16 kHz, 16位。这些录音是在拥有原始版本的旁遮普Malwai方言的人的家乡录制的。对记录的数据进行分割和音位标记,得到旁遮普语每个音位的音位元和次音位元以及音位。该数据库可用于旁遮普语语音研究和旁遮普语语音合成系统的开发。
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引用次数: 3
Tonal phoneme based model for Vietnamese LVCSR 基于声调音素的越南语LVCSR模型
V. Nguyen, C. Luong, T. Vu
This paper proposes an algorithm that is first known as a grapheme-to-phoneme method to transform any Vietnamese word to a tonal phoneme-based pronunciation. The tonal phoneme set produced by this algorithm is further used to develop some acoustic models which integrated tone information and tonal feature. The processes using the Kaldi toolkit to develop a LVCSR system and extract a bottleneck feature which is calculated from a trained deep neural network for Vietnamese are also presented. The results showed that the use of tonal phoneme improved by 1.54% of word error rate (WER) compared to the system using the nontonal phoneme, the use of tonal feature information improved by 4.65% of WER, and of the bottleneck feature gave the best WER with about 10% improvement.
本文提出了一种算法,该算法首先被称为字素到音素的方法,将任何越南语单词转换为基于音素的声调发音。利用该算法生成的声调音素集,进一步建立了集声调信息和声调特征于一体的声学模型。本文还介绍了使用Kaldi工具包开发LVCSR系统和提取瓶颈特征的过程,瓶颈特征是从越南训练的深度神经网络中计算出来的。结果表明:声调音素的使用比非声调音素的使用提高了1.54%的单词错误率,声调特征信息的使用提高了4.65%的单词错误率,瓶颈特征的使用提高了10%左右。
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引用次数: 8
Automatic word segmentation for spoken Cantonese 粤语口语自动分词
R. Fung, B. Bigi
Though Cantonese is the most influential variety of Chinese other than Mandarin, there are only a limited number of Cantonese corpora available for linguistic studies. Among the essential steps of building a corpus, word segmentation is a necessary but highly challenging task due to the lack of clear word boundary in Cantonese. This paper reports the construction and evaluation of an open-source automatic Cantonese word segmenter developed for Cantonese. The tool is a component of the multilingual SPPAS program designed to be used directly by linguists. It is a free software distributed under a GPL license. The effectiveness of the tool was evaluated by comparing the result of segmenting some samples of a spoken Cantonese corpus manually and automatically using the tool developed. High precision and recall were found in our study. Upon completion, the tool would definitely promote the development of more Cantonese corpora for language related studies.
虽然广东话是除普通话以外最有影响力的汉语品种,但可供语言学研究的广东话语料库数量有限。在构建语料库的基本步骤中,分词是一项必要但又极具挑战性的任务,因为广东话缺乏清晰的词界。本文报道了一个开源的粤语自动分词器的构建和评价。该工具是多语言SPPAS程序的一个组成部分,旨在由语言学家直接使用。它是在GPL许可下发布的自由软件。通过对人工和自动分割广东话语料库样本的结果进行比较,评价了该工具的有效性。在我们的研究中发现了较高的准确率和召回率。该工具完成后,必将推动更多粤语语料库的开发,以供语言相关研究之用。
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引用次数: 9
An empirical study of phonetic transfer in English monophthong learning by Tibetan (Lhasa) speakers 西藏(拉萨)人英语单音节学习中语音迁移的实证研究
Feng Hui, Zhao Lu, Dang Jianwu
English teaching has been carried out in every region of China. However, the teaching of English phonetics in minority regions faces the problems of poor teaching quality and low intelligibility of phonetic production. Under the framework of Speech Learning Model (SLM), the current research adopts the experimental phonetic approach to select 10 Lhasa students (5 male and 5 female) from the Corpus of Chinese, English, Tibetan by Tibetan Speakers (CETTS) and examine the characteristics of the vowel space of their English in continuous speech, with a purpose to explore minority students' phonetic transfer of L1 and L2 on L3 vowel system. Euclidean distances between Tibetan speakers' English and Tibetan, and between Tibetan speakers' English and Chinese, reveal the degree of phonetic transfer of Tibetan (L1) and Chinese (L2) on English (L3). Results show that the nonstandard English vowel production by Lhasa speakers are more influenced by the similar vowels in L1 or L2. Due to equivalence classification, Lhasa students' English vowels /a:/, /i:/ and /i/ are more influenced by Tibetan similar vowels, and their English vowels /α/ and /u:/ are more influenced by Chinese similar vowels. In addition, Tibetan female speakers' /α:/ is more influenced by the similar vowel in Chinese. The study has revealed that when Tibetan speakers learn L3, the interference seems to be partly from their L1 and partly from their L2. Therefore, in minority students' L3 vowel learning, both L1 and L2 have influence on their L3 vowel system.
英语教学已经在中国的各个地区开展。然而,少数民族地区的英语语音教学面临着教学质量差、语音产生的可理解性低等问题。本研究在语音学习模型(Speech Learning Model, SLM)的框架下,采用实验语音学方法,从藏语汉、英、藏语料库(CETTS)中选取10名拉萨学生(男5名,女5名),考察其英语连续语音中的元音空间特征,探讨少数民族学生在L3元音系统上的L1和L2语音迁移。藏人英语和藏语、藏人英语和汉语之间的欧氏距离揭示了藏语(第一语言)和汉语(第二语言)对英语(第三语言)的语音迁移程度。结果表明,拉萨语使用者的非标准英语元音产生更多地受到L1或L2相似元音的影响。由于等效性分类,拉萨学生的英语元音/a:/、/i:/和/i/受藏语相似元音的影响较大,英语元音/α/和/u:/受汉语相似元音的影响较大。此外,藏族女性的/α:/受汉语相似元音的影响更大。研究表明,当藏语使用者学习L3时,干扰似乎部分来自他们的L1,部分来自他们的L2。因此,在少数民族学生的L3元音学习中,L1和L2对他们的L3元音系统都有影响。
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引用次数: 1
Acoustic analysis of English lexical stress produced by native (L1) Bengali speakers compared to native (L1) English speakers 母语为孟加拉语的人与母语为英语的人所产生的英语词汇重音的声学分析
Shambhu Nath Saha, Shyamal Kr. Das Mandal
English lexical stress is acoustically related to combination of fundamental frequency (F0), duration, intensity and vowel quality. Current study compares the use of these correlates by 10 L1 English and 20 L1 Bengali speakers to find out which correlates are most difficult for Bengali speakers to acquire. Results showed that English and Bengali speakers used the acoustic correlates of vowel duration, intensity and F0 in similar manner, but Bengali speakers produced significantly less English like stress patterns. English speakers reduced vowel duration significantly more in the unstressed vowels compared to Bengali speakers and degree of intensity and F0 increase in stressed vowels by English speakers was higher than that by Bengali speakers. Moreover Bengali speakers produced English like vowel quality in certain unstressed syllables, but in other cases there were significant differences in vowel quality across groups. This study supports the idea of interference from L1 to L2 (nonnative) phonology.
英语词汇重音在声学上与基频(F0)、持续时间、强度和元音音质的组合有关。目前的研究比较了10名母语为英语的人和20名母语为孟加拉语的人对这些相关词的使用情况,以找出孟加拉语的人最难掌握的相关词。结果表明,英语和孟加拉语使用者使用元音持续时间、强度和F0的声学关联方式相似,但孟加拉语使用者产生的类似英语的重音模式明显较少。与孟加拉语者相比,英语者在非重读元音中明显缩短了元音的持续时间,并且英语者在重读元音的强度和F0增加程度上高于孟加拉语者。此外,说孟加拉语的人在某些非重读音节中发出的英语元音质量类似,但在其他情况下,不同群体的元音质量存在显著差异。本研究支持母语与第二语言(非母语)音系干扰的观点。
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引用次数: 0
An articulatory analysis of apical syllables in Standard Chinese 普通话尖音节的发音分析
Yu Chen, Jin Zhang, Yanting Chen, Yu Chen, Licheng Liu, Jianguo Wei, J. Dang
In the present paper, the synchronous Ultrasonic and EMA data of two participants were collected to observe the Tongue and Jaw movements during the production of zi and zhi in Mandarin Chinese. Results of data analysis partly verified the viewpoint that the performance of articulators in producing the two apical syllables are different, which in turn suggests that the vowels of the two apical syllables are totally different in nature, with the vowel after z as the voiced extension of that alveolar apical consonant, and the vowel after the post-alveolar consonant zh being a real apical vowel in Standard Chinese.
本文收集两名被试的同步超声和EMA数据,观察普通话“字”和“字”发音过程中舌和颌的运动。数据分析的结果在一定程度上验证了发音器在产生两个尖音节时的表现不同的观点,这反过来说明两个尖音节的元音性质完全不同,z后面的元音是该肺泡尖辅音的浊音延伸,而后肺泡辅音zh后面的元音是标准汉语中真正的尖元音。
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引用次数: 2
Prosodic processing in developmental dyslexia: A case study in Standard Chinese 发展性阅读障碍的韵律加工:以普通话为例
Yi Yuan, Ai-jun Li, Yuan Jia, Jianhua Hu, Balazs Surany
The present case study investigated the speech production and perception of developmental dyslexia through prosodic cues in Standard Chinese. As a non-alphabetic tonal language, there is a complex neurobiological mechanism between visual picture processing and semantic priming, perception and production of prosodic patterns. The experimental materials employed in the study were the syntactic structure of Double Object construction with various information structures. The results show that the dyslexic participant, a native Chinese adult, i.e. M6, had an impaired perceptual ability to discriminate boundaries and sentence accents in different information structures. While on the aspect of production, both sentence accents and boundaries produced by M6 could be perceived by other normal participants, however, every syntactic structure has a consistent pattern in all the focus conditions. The results implied that in normal participants, prosody processing (i.e., sentence accent and boundary perception) was interacted with higher-level information of language, such as syntactic and information structures, however, the dyslexic shows no such interactions.
本研究通过标准汉语韵律线索探讨发展性阅读障碍的言语产生和感知。作为一种非字母调性语言,视觉图像处理与韵律模式的语义启动、感知和产生之间存在复杂的神经生物学机制。本研究使用的实验材料为具有多种信息结构的双宾句法结构。结果表明,汉语母语成人(M6)在不同信息结构中对边界和句子重音的感知能力受损。而在产生方面,M6产生的句子重音和边界都可以被其他正常参与者感知到,但每种句法结构在所有焦点条件下都具有一致的模式。结果表明,在正常被试中,韵律加工(即句子重音和边界感知)与更高层次的语言信息(如句法和信息结构)相互作用,而在阅读障碍被试中则没有这种相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
[Various country reports] [各国报告]
Hong Kong, Tan Lee
AnnotCltion on discourse level InionnaLion structure/Rhetoric structure an a which have Lhe [unctions including: ('3 Phonetic transcription for dialect recording (".3 xRecorder: a corpus recording, anlysis and management tools (".3 Word pronunciation presented in both ancient and present times (".3 Grammar materials for 14 dialects ('3 syllable materials and their SOllllds of 70 speakers from Beijing dialect (".3 http://9zhou.phonetics.org.cn
语篇层次注解语篇结构/修辞学结构具有以下功能:(3)记录方言的音标(3)。3 . xRecorder:一个语料库记录、分析和管理工具古代和现代的单词发音(“.3”)14种方言语法资料(《北京方言70人的三音节资料及其音节》)。3 http://9zhou.phonetics.org.cn
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2015 International Conference Oriental COCOSDA held jointly with 2015 Conference on Asian Spoken Language Research and Evaluation (O-COCOSDA/CASLRE)
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