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LANGUAGE POLICY IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE RUSSIAN-BELARUSIAN BORDERLANDS 俄白边境地区教育环境中的语言政策
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2020-2-39-53
I. Koroleva
In the light of modern processes of globalization, the importance and significance of cross-border cooperation between the border regions of Russia and the Republic of Belarus in various fields: economic, political, administrative and, of course, socio-cultural, is quite obvious. Particular attention should be paid to the language policy in the border zone, in particular – to the language processes in the educational environment that form and socialize the personality of a young person, schoolchildren and student. Using the example of the implementation of language policy in a separate region, the Smolensk-Vitebsk borderland (the Smolensk region borders the Vitebsk region of the Republic of Belarus for more than 200 km), it is shown how the study of sociocultural realities in the territories of contacting languages, Russian and Belarusian, can be practically implemented in educational practice, which contributes to the formation of knowledge of the interaction of different national languages, Russian and Belarusian, among students of schools and universities of the borderlands. It has been proved that there are both processes of cultural globalization and self-identification of ethnic communities in the borderlands. It is considered how the correct language policy in the educational environment helps to solve the problem of the growing generation’s awareness of cultural dialogue in the bilingual space, makes it possible to develop national self-identification while simultaneously perceiving the value attitude towards the Russian language. The attention is focused on the role of the process of cooperation in the field of education. It has been proven that the correct implementation of the language policy strengthens the relationship between Russia and the Republic of Belarus, allows expanding contacts in the professional educational and scientific environment. It is assumed that the further introduction of the socio-cultural component into the educational practice of the borderlands will expand the possibilities of dialogue between the native languages – Russian and Belarusian.
鉴于现代全球化进程,俄罗斯和白俄罗斯共和国边境地区在经济、政治、行政、当然还有社会文化等各个领域进行跨界合作的重要性和意义是十分明显的。应特别注意边境地区的语言政策,特别是教育环境中的语言进程,这种进程形成了青年、学童和学生的个性并使之社会化。以在斯摩棱斯克-维捷布斯克边境地区(斯摩棱斯克地区与白俄罗斯共和国的维捷布斯克地区接壤200多公里)实施语言政策为例,展示了如何在俄语和白俄罗斯语等接触语言的领土上实际实施社会文化现实的研究,这有助于形成不同民族语言相互作用的知识。俄语和白俄罗斯语,在边境地区的学校和大学的学生中。事实证明,边疆地区既有文化全球化的过程,也有民族自我认同的过程。本文认为,在教育环境中,正确的语言政策如何有助于解决日益增长的一代在双语空间中的文化对话意识问题,使其有可能发展民族自我认同,同时感知对俄语的价值态度。注意的重点是合作进程在教育领域的作用。事实证明,正确执行语言政策加强了俄罗斯和白俄罗斯共和国之间的关系,扩大了在专业教育和科学环境中的联系。人们认为,在边境地区的教育实践中进一步引入社会文化因素将扩大母语- -俄语和白俄罗斯语- -之间对话的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
ETHNIC AND SOCIAL IMAGES OF SIBERIA BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 革命前西伯利亚的民族和社会形象
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2019-1-135-153
A. Yarkov
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引用次数: 0
AN INFLUENCE OF ETHNO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF MIGRATION POLICY IN JAPAN 民族文化因素对日本移民政策形成的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2019-4-120-126
Anna Abalian
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引用次数: 0
Organized recruitment technology as a tool to facilitate adaptation of labor migrants from Central Asia 以有组织的招聘技术为工具,促进中亚劳工移民的适应
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2020-3-70-79
Maria A. Kosteeva
The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation and imple- mentation of the organized recruitment system. Organized recruitment as a new technology for attracting labor migrants has been carried out in the Russian Federation since 2018. The main purpose of the organized recruitment is training in complex pre-immigration centers and sending citizens of the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to work in the Russian Federation. An organizational recruitment is a set of measures for the selection and training of demanded labor migrants, registration and maintenance of their labor relations with interested Russian employers. Organizational recruitment is a complex pro- cess of coordinated interaction between the employer, labor migrants, recruit- ment agencies, vocational training centers and other organizations participating in the organizational recruitment. Organizational recruitment can become an important tool for facilitating the adaptation of labor migrants in the Russian Federation, since a labor migrant arrives according to an organizational recruit- ment at a prepared and previously agreed workplace, and the employer, having received a demanded employee, is interested in creating the necessary social, household and other conditions for his early adaptation. The article analyzes the problems faced by the organizers implementing this scheme for attracting labor migrants. The reasons for the actual failure of the organizational set, which for three years of implementation could not turn into a functioning debugged sys- tem. At the end of the article, the author offers recommendations for improving the organized recruitment system.
本文对组织招聘制度的形成与实施进行了分析。自2018年以来,俄罗斯联邦开展了有组织招聘作为吸引劳动力移民的新技术。有组织的招聘的主要目的是在复杂的移民前中心进行培训,并派遣独立国家联合体(独联体)国家的公民到俄罗斯联邦工作。组织征聘是一套措施,用于选择和培训所需的移徙劳工,登记和维持他们与有关俄罗斯雇主的劳动关系。组织招聘是用人单位、外来务工人员、招聘机构、职业培训中心和参与组织招聘的其他组织协调互动的复杂过程。组织招聘可以成为促进俄罗斯联邦劳工移民适应的重要工具,因为劳工移民根据组织招聘来到一个事先准备好的和事先商定的工作场所,雇主在接收到需要的雇员后,有兴趣为他的早期适应创造必要的社会、家庭和其他条件。文章分析了实施这一吸引外来务工人员方案的组织者所面临的问题。组织设置实际失败的原因是,经过三年的实施,它无法变成一个正常运行的调试系统。在文章的最后,作者提出了完善组织招聘制度的建议。
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引用次数: 0
CATALYSTS OF ETHNOPOLITICAL CONTROVERSIES IN THE CAUCASUS REGION 高加索地区民族政治争议的催化剂
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2019-2-87-95
A. O. Lasariya
The article is devoted to the analysis of the sources of ethnopolitical conflicts in the North and South Caucasus. The factors influencing the development of ethno-political problems and crises, the fragmentation of society according to ethnocultural and religious characteristics, the politicization of ethnicity, etc. The special geostrategic importance of the Caucasus region in the foreign policy of the leading world powers, primarily Russia, is noted, in connection with which, it is analyzed: the influence of political transformations of recent decades on ethno-political processes, the role of ethnic elites, issues of intergroup interaction in the Caucasus, ethnic identity, etc. The following catalysts for ethno-political contradictions in the Caucasus region have been identified: ethno-confessional heterogeneity of the region; territorial disputes; status differences in the territorial structure of the Soviet state; irredentist tendencies. Based on the identified sources of contradictions, the following types of Caucasian ethnopolitical conflicts can be distinguished: conflicts caused by territorial disputes; conflicts associated with actions to realize the right of peoples to self-determination; Conflicts provoked by a change in political and legal status and position of administrative-territorial units.
这篇文章致力于分析北高加索和南高加索地区种族政治冲突的根源。影响民族政治问题和危机发展的因素,根据民族文化和宗教特征的社会碎片化,民族政治化等。文章指出,高加索地区在世界主要大国(主要是俄罗斯)的外交政策中具有特殊的地缘战略重要性,并就此分析了近几十年来政治变革对民族政治进程的影响、民族精英的作用、高加索地区群体间互动问题、民族认同等问题。已查明高加索地区种族-政治矛盾的下列催化剂:该地区种族-信仰的异质性;领土争端;苏维埃国家领土结构中的地位差异;民族统一主义的倾向。根据所确定的矛盾来源,可以将高加索民族政治冲突划分为以下几种类型:由领土争端引起的冲突;与实现民族自决权的行动有关的冲突;由行政领土单位的政治和法律地位及地位的改变所引起的冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Critical analysis of the experience of research on migration processes in the Regions of the Russian Arctic and subarctic 对俄罗斯北极和亚北极地区移民过程研究经验的批判性分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2020-3-33-49
Y. Andreeva, A. Magomedov, M. A. Omarov
The article discusses topical issues related to the status of the Northern and Arctic territories as the most migratory-mobile. A review of recent studies is conducted, and issues that require additional study are highlighted. An analysis of the current reasons for migration makes it possible to determine the most attractive factors for migrants arriving in the Northern and Arctic ter- ritories. The “point of attraction” for them, first of all, is the labour market. At the same time, the authors state the presence of analytical problems in the study of migration processes in the Russian North. Statistical information regarding emigration and whether internal migration is practically absent in the public domain. The results of opinion polls remain the main method and key source of information on the processes of social mobility in Russia.
本文讨论了与北方和北极地区作为最具迁移流动性的地区的地位有关的专题问题。对最近的研究进行了回顾,并强调了需要进一步研究的问题。对当前移民原因的分析使确定对移民到达北部和北极地区最有吸引力的因素成为可能。对他们来说,“吸引点”首先是劳动力市场。同时,作者指出,在研究俄罗斯北部的移民过程中存在分析问题。关于移徙的统计资料,以及公共领域是否实际上没有国内移徙。民意调查的结果仍然是关于俄罗斯社会流动过程的主要方法和主要信息来源。
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引用次数: 0
FACTORS OF ORIGIN OF INTERETHNIC CONFLICTS AND MECHANISMS OF ITS REGULATION (MOSCOW EXPERIENCE) 民族间冲突的成因及其调控机制(莫斯科经验)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2019-4-60-69
Feride S. Aroniya
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引用次数: 0
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND RESOURCE FACTORS OF THE EMERGENCE OF NETWORK PROTEST OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE RUSSIAN NORTH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF YANAO) 俄罗斯北部原住民网络抗议出现的社会经济和资源因素(以yanao为例)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2020-4-27-40
A. Magomedov, M. Tokunaga
The article examines social changes among reindeer herdsmen in Yamal that have provided the phenomenon of online opposition community “the Voice of Tundra”. The prevailing approach to social processes among Nenets tun- dra native people should be reconsidered according to the authors of the article. Based on the inputs provided with the help of field studies performed in Yamal- Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) in 2017–2019 the authors have formulated “the Yamal paradox”. The real reasons for the “Yamal paradox” are due to accumu- lated problems that have not been adequately resolved for a long time. First of all, it is unemployment among indigenous youth with a demographic growth among the Nenets. To this we can add the uncertainty of the life prospects of nomadic reindeer herders in the atmosphere of accelerated industrial development of the region, as well as the crisis of indigenous leadership and official organizations of indigenous peoples. Population growth among Nenets reindeer herdsmen, dou- bling of reindeer in number and intense industrialization of the region as well have led to a clash in interest of expanding fuel and energy complex and growing nomadic populations. The fundamental precondition of the unintended conflict was the land-resource issue. It was associated with the alienation and industrial development of the tundra lands, which the natives used as pastures for centuries. The process of re-valuation of the key issues and challenges that communities of indigenous people have come across as a result of quick transformation of YNAO into the new oil-and-gas province of Russia can be demonstrated due to the outcomes achieved. Re-valuating and attitudinal changing of native people have contributed to indigenous resistance. New media such as social network “VKontakte” have become a means of transmitting indigenous voice and anxiety.
这篇文章探讨了亚马尔地区驯鹿牧民的社会变化,这些变化产生了在线反对社区“苔原之声”的现象。这篇文章的作者认为,应该重新考虑涅涅茨土著人民对社会进程的普遍看法。根据2017-2019年在亚马尔-涅涅茨自治区(YNAO)进行的实地研究提供的信息,作者提出了“亚马尔悖论”。“亚马尔悖论”的真正原因是长期没有得到充分解决的问题积淀。首先是土著青年的失业问题,而涅涅茨人口在增长。除此之外,我们还可以加上在该地区工业加速发展的气氛下,游牧驯鹿牧民生活前景的不确定性,以及土著领导人和土著人民官方组织的危机。涅涅茨驯鹿牧民的人口增长、驯鹿数量的增加以及该地区工业化的加剧,导致了燃料和能源综合体扩张与游牧人口增长之间的利益冲突。这场意外冲突的根本前提是土地资源问题。它与冻土带土地的异化和工业发展有关,当地人几个世纪以来一直把冻土带作为牧场。由于YNAO迅速转变为俄罗斯新的石油和天然气省,土著人民社区所遇到的关键问题和挑战的重新评估过程可以通过所取得的成果来证明。对土著居民的重新评价和态度的改变促成了土著抵抗。社交网络“VKontakte”等新媒体已经成为传播本土声音和焦虑的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Law enforcement practice in the EU in the field of labor migration 欧盟在劳动力迁移领域的执法实践
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2020-3-50-58
N. Dekhanova
The article analyzes the regulatory framework. establishing the sta- tus of citizens of the countries of the European Union (EU). The author identifies problems that can become an obstacle in the process of unification of the law regulating labor of migrants in the EU countries. The study identified and analyzed the main problems faced by migrants from EU countries, in particular, migration registration, registration as an individual entrepreneur, access to services in the financial and credit sector and many other areas of activity of labor migrants. The author uses an integrated approach to considering the problems of mi- gration, economic and social nature. A proposal was made on the further development of partnerships between EU member states in the context of a pandemic and the introduction of severe restrictions.
本文分析了监管框架。确立欧盟(EU)国家的公民地位。作者指出了在欧盟国家移民劳动管理法律统一过程中可能成为障碍的问题。该研究确定并分析了来自欧盟国家的移民面临的主要问题,特别是移民登记、个人企业家登记、获得金融和信贷部门的服务以及劳工移民的许多其他活动领域。作者采用综合的方法来考虑移民、经济和社会性质的问题。会议就在大流行和实行严格限制的背景下进一步发展欧盟成员国之间的伙伴关系提出了一项建议。
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引用次数: 0
THE FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM FOR MANAGING ETHNOPOLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATIONALISTIC RADICALISM SHOWINGS IN THE VLADIMIR REGION 在弗拉基米尔地区民族主义激进主义表现的背景下,管理民族政治进程的制度的形成
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28995/2658-7041-2019-1-64-82
Liliya A. Fevraleva
The article considers three stages of the formation of a regional system of ethnopolitical management by the example of the Vladimir region. It indicates that the process proceeded in three stages and was accompanied by the sequential formation and reform of structures of the executive power and local self-government. It is noted that each passed stage was characterized by the predominant use of a particular management method: the situational, system-integrated or program-oriented. The author emphasizes that there is a direct connection between the nature of the ethnopolitical situation in the region and the methods of controlling the ethnopolitical processes. She proves that it is a system-integrated approach to the regulation of ethno-political processes that allowed to push out nationalist forces from the region, get out of the period of lasting stabilization in the sphere of interethnic relations. The issue of the influence of “protective nationalism” on the ethnopolitical situation in the Vladimir region is examined and an assessment is made of the consequences of applying that ideology to the state of interethnic relations in the region. The structure and main elements of the system of management of interethnic relations in the Vladimir region are described. The conclusion is made about the functioning in the region of a three-tier management vertical (federal center-region-municipalities) and of an effective system for implementing the state national policy.
本文以弗拉基米尔地区为例,考察了民族政治管理区域制度形成的三个阶段。它表明,这一进程分三个阶段进行,并伴随着行政权力和地方自治结构的先后形成和改革。报告指出,过去每一阶段的特点是主要使用一种特定的管理方法:情况管理、系统综合管理或面向方案管理。作者强调,该地区民族政治局势的性质与控制民族政治进程的方法之间存在直接联系。她证明,这是一种管理种族政治进程的系统综合办法,可以将民族主义力量赶出该地区,摆脱种族间关系领域的持久稳定时期。研究了"保护性民族主义"对弗拉基米尔地区种族政治局势的影响问题,并评估了将这种意识形态应用于该地区种族间关系状况的后果。介绍了弗拉基米尔地区民族关系管理体系的结构和主要要素。本文的结论是,在区域内的三层垂直管理(联邦中心-地区-市)和一个有效的系统来执行国家的国家政策。
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引用次数: 0
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Issues of Ethnopolitics
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