In regions where energy facilities place major demands on the water resources, it is desirable to plan the development of these systems with an understanding of their interrelationships. A mathematical model of these interlocking systems is described. The major model components are the supply and demand points for water, electrical power, and pipeline gas that is produced from coal. The model allocates water to the various demands and locates energy facilities by subregions. Linear programming is used to evaluate the model that is designed for preliminary screening purposes. An application to Illinois demonstrates the utility of sensitivity analysis and parameterization techniques for examining trends and tradeoffs for alternative regional plans. The example also demonstrates the interrelated nature of the water-resources and energy systems and demonstrates the potential impact of a large new coal-conversion industry on water resources.
{"title":"Water and Energy Systems: A Planning Model","authors":"E. D. Brill, R. Fuessle, S. G. Velioglu","doi":"10.1061/JWRDDC.0000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JWRDDC.0000037","url":null,"abstract":"In regions where energy facilities place major demands on the water resources, it is desirable to plan the development of these systems with an understanding of their interrelationships. A mathematical model of these interlocking systems is described. The major model components are the supply and demand points for water, electrical power, and pipeline gas that is produced from coal. The model allocates water to the various demands and locates energy facilities by subregions. Linear programming is used to evaluate the model that is designed for preliminary screening purposes. An application to Illinois demonstrates the utility of sensitivity analysis and parameterization techniques for examining trends and tradeoffs for alternative regional plans. The example also demonstrates the interrelated nature of the water-resources and energy systems and demonstrates the potential impact of a large new coal-conversion industry on water resources.","PeriodicalId":291050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Water Resources Planning and Management Division","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114561506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses upon key turning points in the evolution of methods of collecting and treating domestic wastes, 1850-1932, and suggests that there are many analogs between today’s water quality movement and the past. The 1850-1932 time span can be divided into three periods: 1850-1880, 1880-1900, and 1900-1932. Each of these periods was dominated by a critical decision in terms of dealing with domestic wastes. The three decisions examined are the adoption of system of sewers using water for transport of wastes, the decision to build combined rather than separate sewers, and the decision to treat raw water supplies rather than treat waste before disposal to waterways. These decisions led to unanticipated results — results that necessitated new technologies and that led to an expansion of governmental regulation in the area of water quality.
{"title":"Decisions about Wastewater Technology: 1850-1932","authors":"J. Tarr, F. McMichael","doi":"10.1061/JWRDDC.0000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JWRDDC.0000041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses upon key turning points in the evolution of methods of collecting and treating domestic wastes, 1850-1932, and suggests that there are many analogs between today’s water quality movement and the past. The 1850-1932 time span can be divided into three periods: 1850-1880, 1880-1900, and 1900-1932. Each of these periods was dominated by a critical decision in terms of dealing with domestic wastes. The three decisions examined are the adoption of system of sewers using water for transport of wastes, the decision to build combined rather than separate sewers, and the decision to treat raw water supplies rather than treat waste before disposal to waterways. These decisions led to unanticipated results — results that necessitated new technologies and that led to an expansion of governmental regulation in the area of water quality.","PeriodicalId":291050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Water Resources Planning and Management Division","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114656455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present day water resources planning encompasses social, environmental, and economic objectives in developing and choosing among alternative plans. Recent efforts to operationalize multiobjective planning have engendered a variety of new techniques. Where the emphasis has been on methodological developments, this paper considers how developing methodologies relate to the water resources planning process. In terms of the basic problem of multiobjective analysis, the function of the planning process is seen as integrating technical information from the planning team and social value information from the publics to arrive at a socially preferred alternative. A model of this process is presented and some desired attributes of multiobjective methods to support the process are identified. Several classes of multiobjective methods are described and compared as to their implementation requirements and their characteristics relative to both technical and value aspects of the planning process.
{"title":"Multiobjective Planning: Concepts and Methods","authors":"A. Bishop, R. Narayanan, T. W. Morgan, M. McKee","doi":"10.1061/JWRDDC.0000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JWRDDC.0000020","url":null,"abstract":"Present day water resources planning encompasses social, environmental, and economic objectives in developing and choosing among alternative plans. Recent efforts to operationalize multiobjective planning have engendered a variety of new techniques. Where the emphasis has been on methodological developments, this paper considers how developing methodologies relate to the water resources planning process. In terms of the basic problem of multiobjective analysis, the function of the planning process is seen as integrating technical information from the planning team and social value information from the publics to arrive at a socially preferred alternative. A model of this process is presented and some desired attributes of multiobjective methods to support the process are identified. Several classes of multiobjective methods are described and compared as to their implementation requirements and their characteristics relative to both technical and value aspects of the planning process.","PeriodicalId":291050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Water Resources Planning and Management Division","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130619578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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