Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.115
R. Jurnal
Pure Plant Oil (PPO) such as Pure Coconut Oil (PCO) and Pure Palm Oil (PPaO) could be a solution for electricity problem in remote areas in Indonesia. PCO and PPaO can be used as a fuel for diesel engine to produce electricity. This paper will compare and analyze the performance and emissions of the diesel power plant fueled with diesel fuel, PCO, and PPaO. For performance parameter, brake specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency of diesel engine by using PPaO and PCO are higher than the diesel fuel, but the brake specific energy consumption are lower than the diesel fuel. That means diesel engine will be more efficient and have lower operational cost by using PPaO and PCO. For the emission parameters, CO2, CO, and CH emissions from PPaO and PCO are higher compared to diesel fuel. That means PPO have higher carbon emission than just using conventional diesel fuel. But, there are highly significant difference of less NOX emissions by using PCO and PPaO compared to the diesel fuel. That means it will be better using PPO because diesel engine has lack of high NOX emissions. These differences of diesel engine performance and emissions by PPaO, PCO, and diesel fuel are caused by the fuel characteristic differences such as cetane number, calorific value, and viscosity.
{"title":"UJI PRESTASI DAN EMISI DIESEL BERBAHAN BAKAR MINYAK NABATI MURNI UNTUK PEMBANGKITAN DAYA DI DAERAH TERPENCIL","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.115","url":null,"abstract":"Pure Plant Oil (PPO) such as Pure Coconut Oil (PCO) and Pure Palm Oil (PPaO) could be a solution for electricity problem in remote areas in Indonesia. PCO and PPaO can be used as a fuel for diesel engine to produce electricity. This paper will compare and analyze the performance and emissions of the diesel power plant fueled with diesel fuel, PCO, and PPaO. For performance parameter, brake specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency of diesel engine by using PPaO and PCO are higher than the diesel fuel, but the brake specific energy consumption are lower than the diesel fuel. That means diesel engine will be more efficient and have lower operational cost by using PPaO and PCO. For the emission parameters, CO2, CO, and CH emissions from PPaO and PCO are higher compared to diesel fuel. That means PPO have higher carbon emission than just using conventional diesel fuel. But, there are highly significant difference of less NOX emissions by using PCO and PPaO compared to the diesel fuel. That means it will be better using PPO because diesel engine has lack of high NOX emissions. These differences of diesel engine performance and emissions by PPaO, PCO, and diesel fuel are caused by the fuel characteristic differences such as cetane number, calorific value, and viscosity.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121925128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.110
R. Jurnal
Increasing number of Indonesian population and unequal distribution of population with higher densities only on certain islands rather than outside the islands, appropriate development strategies are needed in providing need for electrical resilience for the population. Frequent interactions with fuel - powered engines such as diesel engines and human resource readiness probably are reasons for government choice in using diesel powered engines (very big and medium sized diesel engines) to provide electricity on small islands and remote islands. Availability of electrical energy will create a conducive investment climate and improve welfare of the population. Lombok West Nusa Tenggara is one of small islands in Indonesia. In the area, electricity need is generated by PLTD Ampenan. One of the Ampenan diesel engines in unit VII is New Sulzer 12 ZAV 40 S equipped with double turbocharger type VTR 354. To maintain its performance, overhauls done routinely. Overhaul is a procedure performed to restore engine performance to factory standard specification value and give second age with condition worn or defective components refer to reusable parts instructions according to factory standards. This research focuses on the state of the diesel engine as a prime mover of generator before and after its turbocharger overhaul. And also, things about turbocharger overhaul and its effect on the engine.
{"title":"PENGARUH PEMELIHARAAN OVERHAUL TURBOCHARGER TERHADAP KINERJA MESIN UNIT VII PLTD AMPENAN","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing number of Indonesian population and unequal distribution of population with higher densities only on certain islands rather than outside the islands, appropriate development strategies are needed in providing need for electrical resilience for the population. Frequent interactions with fuel - powered engines such as diesel engines and human resource readiness probably are reasons for government choice in using diesel powered engines (very big and medium sized diesel engines) to provide electricity on small islands and remote islands. Availability of electrical energy will create a conducive investment climate and improve welfare of the population. Lombok West Nusa Tenggara is one of small islands in Indonesia. In the area, electricity need is generated by PLTD Ampenan. One of the Ampenan diesel engines in unit VII is New Sulzer 12 ZAV 40 S equipped with double turbocharger type VTR 354. To maintain its performance, overhauls done routinely. Overhaul is a procedure performed to restore engine performance to factory standard specification value and give second age with condition worn or defective components refer to reusable parts instructions according to factory standards. This research focuses on the state of the diesel engine as a prime mover of generator before and after its turbocharger overhaul. And also, things about turbocharger overhaul and its effect on the engine.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116715330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.113
R. Jurnal
Boiler is a heat exchanger that serves to evaporate boiler feed water to produce dry steam to drive the turbines in order to produce electricity. The fuels used in this study are dry wastes such as paper, plastic, and wood. The process of designing this boiler is carried out so that the use of diesel to generate steam on energy conversion practicum/experiment in STT-PLN is no longer needed. Instead, they can use dry waste as fuel to produce steam which later will drive the turbines. The residue of burning waste process in the form of ashes is approximately 0.053% of the weight or volume of dry waste before burnt. The calculation conducted on this works is to determine the design of evaporator and economizer pipe. The calculation is also adjusted to the generated steam needed in order to spin the turbines. The pressure produced from this boiler design should be 2.9 bar and for the amount of steam was 21 kg / hour. As a result, the calculation of evaporator surface area is 8,83 m2, result simulation HTRI 8.95m2 with 88 pipes and 1500 mm for each pipe, while the heated surface area for economizer is 0,46 m2 result simulation HTRI 0,45 m2 with 18 pipes and 400 mm long for each pipe.
{"title":"PERANCANGAN BOILER DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN SAMPAH KERING UNTUK BAHAN BAKAR PLTU MINI 3 kW STT-PLN","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.113","url":null,"abstract":"Boiler is a heat exchanger that serves to evaporate boiler feed water to produce dry steam to drive the turbines in order to produce electricity. The fuels used in this study are dry wastes such as paper, plastic, and wood. The process of designing this boiler is carried out so that the use of diesel to generate steam on energy conversion practicum/experiment in STT-PLN is no longer needed. Instead, they can use dry waste as fuel to produce steam which later will drive the turbines. The residue of burning waste process in the form of ashes is approximately 0.053% of the weight or volume of dry waste before burnt. The calculation conducted on this works is to determine the design of evaporator and economizer pipe. The calculation is also adjusted to the generated steam needed in order to spin the turbines. The pressure produced from this boiler design should be 2.9 bar and for the amount of steam was 21 kg / hour. As a result, the calculation of evaporator surface area is 8,83 m2, result simulation HTRI 8.95m2 with 88 pipes and 1500 mm for each pipe, while the heated surface area for economizer is 0,46 m2 result simulation HTRI 0,45 m2 with 18 pipes and 400 mm long for each pipe.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"390 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127590251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.107
R. Jurnal
Konsumsi energi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat namun tidak berbanding lurus dengan ketersediaan sumber daya alam berupa minyak bumi dan batubara yang merupakan energi primer dalam pembangkitan listrik. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penghematan agar berimbang antara konsumsi dan persediaannya. Hal tersebut juga sesuai dengan Kebijakan Energi Nasional yangdikeluarkan pemerintah tentang penghematan energi yang salah satunya adalah penghematan bahan bakar. Proses start up unit Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Banten 3 Lontar dengan kapasitas 3 x 315 MW, menggunakan Big oil gun dengan bahan bakarnya yaitu HSD (High Speed Diesel) saja. Sejak 2014, Tiny oil gun muncul dengan konsep konsumsi bahan bakar yang jauh lebih hemat daripada Big oil gun . Start up dengan Tiny oil gun menggunakan sedikit solar + batubara. Start awal ini bertujuan agar tercapai temperatur dan tekanan di dalam ruang bakar (furnace). Perbedaan di antara keduanya jelas memiliki kelebihan serta kekurangan dari segi waktu, keandalan dan konsumsi bahan bakar. Penelitian ini menganalisa perbandingan penggunaan Big oil gun dan Tiny oil gun pada proses start up dan konsumsi bahan bakarnya yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan berapa besar biaya start up yang dikeluarkan setiap kali start up dilakukan selama penggunaan yang terus berjalan serta studi kelayakan investasi pada Tiny oil gun. Start up dengan Tiny oil gun berhasil menghemat konsumsi bahan bakar solar hingga 89,9% atau sebesar 54698 liter dan menghemat biaya Start up sebesar 61% atau sebesar Rp 263.836.213 per kali Start up serta hasil dari studi kelayakan investasi pada Tiny oil gun menyimpulkan investasi layak untuk diterima dan dijalankan.
{"title":"ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN BIG OIL GUN DAN TINY OIL GUN TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA SAAT START UP UNIT DI PLTU BANTEN 3 LONTAR","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.107","url":null,"abstract":"Konsumsi energi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat namun tidak berbanding lurus dengan ketersediaan sumber daya alam berupa minyak bumi dan batubara yang merupakan energi primer dalam pembangkitan listrik. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penghematan agar berimbang antara konsumsi dan persediaannya. Hal tersebut juga sesuai dengan Kebijakan Energi Nasional yangdikeluarkan pemerintah tentang penghematan energi yang salah satunya adalah penghematan bahan bakar. Proses start up unit Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Banten 3 Lontar dengan kapasitas 3 x 315 MW, menggunakan Big oil gun dengan bahan bakarnya yaitu HSD (High Speed Diesel) saja. Sejak 2014, Tiny oil gun muncul dengan konsep konsumsi bahan bakar yang jauh lebih hemat daripada Big oil gun . Start up dengan Tiny oil gun menggunakan sedikit solar + batubara. Start awal ini bertujuan agar tercapai temperatur dan tekanan di dalam ruang bakar (furnace). Perbedaan di antara keduanya jelas memiliki kelebihan serta kekurangan dari segi waktu, keandalan dan konsumsi bahan bakar. Penelitian ini menganalisa perbandingan penggunaan Big oil gun dan Tiny oil gun pada proses start up dan konsumsi bahan bakarnya yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan berapa besar biaya start up yang dikeluarkan setiap kali start up dilakukan selama penggunaan yang terus berjalan serta studi kelayakan investasi pada Tiny oil gun. Start up dengan Tiny oil gun berhasil menghemat konsumsi bahan bakar solar hingga 89,9% atau sebesar 54698 liter dan menghemat biaya Start up sebesar 61% atau sebesar Rp 263.836.213 per kali Start up serta hasil dari studi kelayakan investasi pada Tiny oil gun menyimpulkan investasi layak untuk diterima dan dijalankan.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128661827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.111
R. Jurnal
Tutorial method is a way of delivering learning materials that have been developed in the form of modules for students to learn independently. Students can consult about the problems and progress encountered periodically. Many limitations teacher, in choosing the right method of teaching cause lecturer difficult to realize the demands of the students in this teach. Acceleration we can see at universities around us, still very much a lecturer who uses teaching methods in a conventional way, such as lectures, notes, summarizes and etc. Research aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of the tutorial method of teaching in the department of mechanical engineering. This study uses research and development (Research and Development), the stage of preliminary studies carried out by applying a qualitative descriptive approach. The development phase is done by trial limited to the conventional model of teaching faculty by applying experimental methods (Single One Shot Case Study) After no improvement on the limited test then continued with a broader test of the experimental method in the form of groups (one group pretest-posttest). The latter is a tutorial teaching model validation methods eksprimen. The result of research shows that tutorial teaching methods more effective than the old teaching methods, both on the speed aspect of students' understanding of the lecture material, creativity, and student results.
导师制是一种将学习材料以模块形式开发出来，供学生自主学习的教学方式。学生可以定期咨询遇到的问题和进展。教师在选择正确的教学方法上存在诸多局限性，导致讲师在这种教学中难以实现学生的需求。在我们周围的大学里，我们可以看到加速，很多讲师仍然使用传统的教学方法，比如讲课、笔记、总结等。本研究旨在确定导师制教学方法在机械工程系应用的有效性。本研究采用研究与发展(research and development)，初步研究阶段采用定性描述性方法进行。开发阶段通过应用实验方法(单次案例研究)在有限测试没有改进后，继续以小组形式对实验方法进行更广泛的测试(一组前测后测)。后者是一种导师制教学模型验证方法。研究结果表明，导师制教学方法无论在学生对讲课材料的理解速度方面、创造性方面，还是在学生学习成绩方面，都比传统的教学方法更有效。
{"title":"PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS TUTORIAL BAGI MAHASISWA TEKNIK MESIN STT PLN","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/powerplant.v5i1.111","url":null,"abstract":"Tutorial method is a way of delivering learning materials that have been developed in the form of modules for students to learn independently. Students can consult about the problems and progress encountered periodically. Many limitations teacher, in choosing the right method of teaching cause lecturer difficult to realize the demands of the students in this teach. Acceleration we can see at universities around us, still very much a lecturer who uses teaching methods in a conventional way, such as lectures, notes, summarizes and etc. Research aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of the tutorial method of teaching in the department of mechanical engineering. This study uses research and development (Research and Development), the stage of preliminary studies carried out by applying a qualitative descriptive approach. The development phase is done by trial limited to the conventional model of teaching faculty by applying experimental methods (Single One Shot Case Study) After no improvement on the limited test then continued with a broader test of the experimental method in the form of groups (one group pretest-posttest). The latter is a tutorial teaching model validation methods eksprimen. The result of research shows that tutorial teaching methods more effective than the old teaching methods, both on the speed aspect of students' understanding of the lecture material, creativity, and student results.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"310 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132924211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.112
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Pirometer akuistik adalah salah satu jenis alat ukur suhu yang non-intrusive dan andal untuk digunakan didaerah yang memiliki temperatur yang tinggi, korosif dan kotor dibandingkan denganalat ukur jenis contact measurement. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibandingkan hasil pengukuran temperatur di daerah furnace exit gas temperatur (FEGT) dengan menggunakan pirometer akuistik(PA) dan pirometer infrared (IR) di boiler unit # 4 PLTU Suralaya. Hasil komparasi menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pengukuran temperatur dengan menggunakan PA adalah 56°C atau 5%,
{"title":"PENGUKURAN SUHU PEMBAKARAN DI DALAM BOILER: PIROMETER AKUISTIK VS PIROMETER INFARED","authors":"Redaksi Tim Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.112","url":null,"abstract":"Pirometer akuistik adalah salah satu jenis alat ukur suhu yang non-intrusive dan andal untuk digunakan didaerah yang memiliki temperatur yang tinggi, korosif dan kotor dibandingkan denganalat ukur jenis contact measurement. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibandingkan hasil pengukuran temperatur di daerah furnace exit gas temperatur (FEGT) dengan menggunakan pirometer akuistik(PA) dan pirometer infrared (IR) di boiler unit # 4 PLTU Suralaya. Hasil komparasi menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pengukuran temperatur dengan menggunakan PA adalah 56°C atau 5%,","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114665337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.108
R. Jurnal
The equivalence value and utilization by region in the focus of the Technology Strategy Analysis Photovoltaic solar power in Indonesia is a form of solar power energy potential optimization analysisbased on the results of the model output MARKAL by taking two cases: the base case (BASE CASE) and the case of investment costs vary PLTS (PVCOST). The base case is a case where all conditionsare taken based on the conditions from 2000 to 2016 when growth in electricity consumption is assumed to remain average, in 2030 Java is expected to require PLTS of 12.16 GW. But the use ofsolar power at 12.16 GW by-case basis and 46.65 GW in the case PVCOST in Java and 16.85 GW in the case PVCOST in Sumatra can be said to be irrational considering there are still local energysources that can be used like a mini/micro-hydro and geothermal has not been used optimally.
{"title":"ANALISIS STRATEGI TEKNOLOGI PLTS FOTOVOLTAIK DI INDONESIA TERHADAP NILAI EQIVALENSI DAN PEMANFAATAN PERWILAYAH","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/POWERPLANT.V5I1.108","url":null,"abstract":"The equivalence value and utilization by region in the focus of the Technology Strategy Analysis Photovoltaic solar power in Indonesia is a form of solar power energy potential optimization analysisbased on the results of the model output MARKAL by taking two cases: the base case (BASE CASE) and the case of investment costs vary PLTS (PVCOST). The base case is a case where all conditionsare taken based on the conditions from 2000 to 2016 when growth in electricity consumption is assumed to remain average, in 2030 Java is expected to require PLTS of 12.16 GW. But the use ofsolar power at 12.16 GW by-case basis and 46.65 GW in the case PVCOST in Java and 16.85 GW in the case PVCOST in Sumatra can be said to be irrational considering there are still local energysources that can be used like a mini/micro-hydro and geothermal has not been used optimally.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124705972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.33322/powerplant.v6i1.72
R. Jurnal
Salah satu unit yang paling penting dalam produksi uap pada PLTU adalah boiler. Salah satu boileh jenis PLTU sering digunakan adalah boiler tipe CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed), dan jenis bahanbakar batu bara yang digunakan banyak mengandung zat basa. Superheater merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting pada boiler. Superheater berfungsi untuk memanaskan uap agar kandungan energi panas dan kekeringannya bertambah sehingga menjadi uap superheat. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada superheater yaitu penumpukan abu (fouling) yang terjadi pada tube superheater tersebut. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh pada fouling adalah material basa terutama kadar Na2O. Bila kadar abu batubara banyak, kemudian unsur basa dalam abu juga banyak, ditambah kadar Na2O yang tinggi, maka fouling akan mudah terjadi. Kadar sulfur yang tinggi cenderung mendorong timbulnya fouling. Fouling dapat menyebabkan penurunan laju perpindahan panas antara flue gas dengan steam pada superheater. Potensi fouling dapat diukur menggunakan suatu persamaan, tetapi persamaan tersebut hanya memperhitungkan chemical composition dari batubara tersebut. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil terjadi penurunan laju perpindahan panas untuk high temperature superheater dari sootblowing satu ke sootblowing selanjutnya sebesar 511,8458 kW atau sekitar 3,012%. Sedangkan penurunan laju perpindahan panas untuk low temperature superheater dari sootblowing satu ke sootblowing selanjutnya sebesar 3421,506 kW atau sekitar 13,028%. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh pada fouling adalah material basa terutama Na, yang dalam hal ini kadar Na2O. Potensi terjadinya fouling yang dihitung dari data analisis fly ash menunjukkan nilai potensi fouling sebesar 4,0069 yang masuk dalam kategori potensi fouling tinggi pada fly ash lignit.
{"title":"PENGARUH FOULING TERHADAP LAJU PERPINDAHAN PANAS PADA SUPERHEATER BOILER CFB PLTU SEBALANG","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/powerplant.v6i1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/powerplant.v6i1.72","url":null,"abstract":"Salah satu unit yang paling penting dalam produksi uap pada PLTU adalah boiler. Salah satu boileh jenis PLTU sering digunakan adalah boiler tipe CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed), dan jenis bahanbakar batu bara yang digunakan banyak mengandung zat basa. Superheater merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting pada boiler. Superheater berfungsi untuk memanaskan uap agar kandungan energi panas dan kekeringannya bertambah sehingga menjadi uap superheat. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada superheater yaitu penumpukan abu (fouling) yang terjadi pada tube superheater tersebut. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh pada fouling adalah material basa terutama kadar Na2O. Bila kadar abu batubara banyak, kemudian unsur basa dalam abu juga banyak, ditambah kadar Na2O yang tinggi, maka fouling akan mudah terjadi. Kadar sulfur yang tinggi cenderung mendorong timbulnya fouling. Fouling dapat menyebabkan penurunan laju perpindahan panas antara flue gas dengan steam pada superheater. Potensi fouling dapat diukur menggunakan suatu persamaan, tetapi persamaan tersebut hanya memperhitungkan chemical composition dari batubara tersebut. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil terjadi penurunan laju perpindahan panas untuk high temperature superheater dari sootblowing satu ke sootblowing selanjutnya sebesar 511,8458 kW atau sekitar 3,012%. Sedangkan penurunan laju perpindahan panas untuk low temperature superheater dari sootblowing satu ke sootblowing selanjutnya sebesar 3421,506 kW atau sekitar 13,028%. Unsur yang paling berpengaruh pada fouling adalah material basa terutama Na, yang dalam hal ini kadar Na2O. Potensi terjadinya fouling yang dihitung dari data analisis fly ash menunjukkan nilai potensi fouling sebesar 4,0069 yang masuk dalam kategori potensi fouling tinggi pada fly ash lignit.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122662497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.74
R. Jurnal
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of genre knowledge and sentence structure toward dtudent’s writing skill in recount text in STT PLN Jakarta.In this research, the writer uses survey methodology with approach to correlation.The result of study identivies : 1 ) There is an effect of significant genre knowledge and sentence structure toward student’s writing skill in recaoun text with coefficient correlation multiple Ry 12 = 0.811.Genre knowledge and sentence structure to give 65.8 % toward variation student’s writing skill in recount text via similarity multiple regression Y = 34.466 + 0.793 x 1 + 0.602 x 2 which significant to standard 0.05. In relation to result of the recearch significant exam is able to F account = 35.563 > F table = 3.25. 2) There is an effect which significant genre knowledge toward student’s writing skill in recauntext variable genre knowledge the way of effecttive give 64.3 % toward variation student’s writing skill in recaunt text. The result of the researce significant is able to t account ( 4.836 ) > t table ( 1.69 ) to standart real 5 % . 3 There is an effects significant between sentence structure student’s writing skill in recaount text .Variable sentence structure the of evective give 35.7 % toward variation student’s skill in recount text .The result of significant is able to t account ( 3. 058 ) < t table ( 1.69 ) to standard real 5 %.
摘要本研究旨在探讨体裁知识和句子结构对学生叙述语篇写作技巧的影响。在本研究中，作者采用了调查法和相关法。研究结果表明:1)体裁知识和句子结构对学生述评语篇写作能力有显著的影响，相关系数为r12 = 0.811。通过相似度多元回归分析，体裁知识和句子结构对学生叙述文本写作水平的影响为65.8%，Y = 34.466 + 0.793 x 1 + 0.602 x 2，显著高于标准0.05。相对于研究结果的显著性检验是能够F account = 35.563 > F table = 3.25。(2)显著体裁知识对学生复述文本写作技能的影响显著，变量体裁知识对学生复述文本写作技能的有效影响为64.3%。研究的结果显著性是能够t account (4.836) > t table(1.69)达到标准实值的5%。句子结构对学生叙述文本写作能力的影响显著，句子结构变化对学生叙述文本写作能力的影响为35.7%，显著的结果能够解释(3)。058) < t表(1.69)至标准实值5%。
{"title":"PENGARUH JENIS PENGETAHUAN DAN KECAKAPAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS BAHASA INGGRIS PADA MAHASISWA TEKNIK MESIN SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNIK PLN","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.74","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of genre knowledge and sentence structure toward dtudent’s writing skill in recount text in STT PLN Jakarta.In this research, the writer uses survey methodology with approach to correlation.The result of study identivies : 1 ) There is an effect of significant genre knowledge and sentence structure toward student’s writing skill in recaoun text with coefficient correlation multiple Ry 12 = 0.811.Genre knowledge and sentence structure to give 65.8 % toward variation student’s writing skill in recount text via similarity multiple regression Y = 34.466 + 0.793 x 1 + 0.602 x 2 which significant to standard 0.05. In relation to result of the recearch significant exam is able to F account = 35.563 > F table = 3.25. 2) There is an effect which significant genre knowledge toward student’s writing skill in recauntext variable genre knowledge the way of effecttive give 64.3 % toward variation student’s writing skill in recaunt text. The result of the researce significant is able to t account ( 4.836 ) > t table ( 1.69 ) to standart real 5 % . 3 There is an effects significant between sentence structure student’s writing skill in recaount text .Variable sentence structure the of evective give 35.7 % toward variation student’s skill in recount text .The result of significant is able to t account ( 3. 058 ) < t table ( 1.69 ) to standard real 5 %.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132035540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.68
R. Jurnal
Pada PLTU UJP Banten 3 Lontar terjadi kerusakan pada Roda Gigi Miring dalam Gearbox, dimana benda tersebut patah yang menyebabkan unit 1 berhenti beroperasi. Dari segi pengamatan visual yang terjadi dikarenakan benda kelelahan kerja, gap yang tidak merata sehingga Air Preheater bekerja dengan gesekan yang besar antara elemen yang berputar dengan seal perapat. Tidak maksimalnya putaran elemen dan motor terus memberi beban putaran, sehingga roda gigi terjadi deformasi fracture fatigue, dengan dibuktikan dari hasil pengamatan visual, uji komposisi kimia yang masih sesuai dengan standar ASTM A291, uji kekerasan sebesar 264 HB dan 282 HB diatas standar ASTM A291 sebesar 223-263 HB, uji metalografi menunjukan fasa martensit yang tidak seragam, dan SEM-EDX melihat morfologi mikrostruktur pada permukaan poros, yaitu pada beachmark, rubbings, dan rekahan akhir.
{"title":"ANALISA KERUSAKAN RODA GIGI CACING PADA GEARBOX AIR PREHEATER PLTU UJP BANTEN 3 LONTAR UNIT 1","authors":"R. Jurnal","doi":"10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33322/POWERPLANT.V6I1.68","url":null,"abstract":"Pada PLTU UJP Banten 3 Lontar terjadi kerusakan pada Roda Gigi Miring dalam Gearbox, dimana benda tersebut patah yang menyebabkan unit 1 berhenti beroperasi. Dari segi pengamatan visual yang terjadi dikarenakan benda kelelahan kerja, gap yang tidak merata sehingga Air Preheater bekerja dengan gesekan yang besar antara elemen yang berputar dengan seal perapat. Tidak maksimalnya putaran elemen dan motor terus memberi beban putaran, sehingga roda gigi terjadi deformasi fracture fatigue, dengan dibuktikan dari hasil pengamatan visual, uji komposisi kimia yang masih sesuai dengan standar ASTM A291, uji kekerasan sebesar 264 HB dan 282 HB diatas standar ASTM A291 sebesar 223-263 HB, uji metalografi menunjukan fasa martensit yang tidak seragam, dan SEM-EDX melihat morfologi mikrostruktur pada permukaan poros, yaitu pada beachmark, rubbings, dan rekahan akhir.","PeriodicalId":293768,"journal":{"name":"Power Plant","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123774030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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