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2020 2nd Symposium on Signal Processing Systems最新文献

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Neural Machine Translation model for University Email Application 面向大学电子邮件应用的神经网络机器翻译模型
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421522
Sandhya Aneja, Siti Nur Afikah Bte Abdul Mazid, Nagender Aneja
Machine translation has many applications such as news translation, email translation, official letter translation etc. Commercial translators, e.g. Google Translation lags in regional vocabulary and are unable to learn the bilingual text in the source and target languages within the input. In this paper, a regional vocabulary-based application-oriented Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model is proposed over the data set of emails used at the University for communication over a period of three years. A state-of-the-art Sequence-to-Sequence Neural Network for ML → EN (Malay to English) and EN → ML (English to Malay) translations is compared with Google Translate using Gated Recurrent Unit Recurrent Neural Network machine translation model with attention decoder. The low BLEU score of Google Translation in comparison to our model indicates that the application based regional models are better. The low BLEU score of English to Malay of our model and Google Translation indicates that the Malay Language has complex language features corresponding to English.
机器翻译在新闻翻译、电子邮件翻译、公文翻译等方面有着广泛的应用。商业翻译,如谷歌翻译,在区域词汇方面存在滞后,无法学习输入源语和目标语的双语文本。本文提出了一种基于区域词汇表的面向应用的神经机器翻译(NMT)模型,该模型使用了大学三年的通信电子邮件数据集。使用带注意力解码器的门控递归单元递归神经网络机器翻译模型,将ML→EN(马来语到英语)和EN→ML(英语到马来语)翻译的最先进的序列到序列神经网络与谷歌翻译进行比较。与我们的模型相比,Google翻译的BLEU分数较低,这表明基于应用程序的区域模型更好。我们的模型和谷歌翻译的英语到马来语的低BLEU分数表明马来语具有与英语相对应的复杂语言特征。
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引用次数: 3
Feature Extraction and Matching of Slam Image Based on Improved SIFT Algorithm 基于改进SIFT算法的Slam图像特征提取与匹配
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421528
Xinrong Mao, Kaiming Liu, Y. Hang
In order to improve the robustness and accuracy of slam system, the Improved SIFT algorithm is used to extract the image features. Firstly, the characteristics of the image in slam are analyzed and the image preprocessing is carried out to reduce the gray mutation. Secondly, in order to meet the real-time requirements, the feature descriptors of sift are simplified to improve the speed. Using the continuity of slam image, the method of pixel neighborhood matching reduces the time of feature matching and reduces the error matching rate of repeated texture. GPU is used to implement the Improved SIFT feature algorithm. Finally, the simulation results show that the trajectory accuracy is improved by more than 35% and the image processing time is about 12ms. At the same time, the system accuracy is improved.
为了提高slam系统的鲁棒性和准确性,采用改进的SIFT算法提取图像特征。首先,分析slam图像的特征,对图像进行预处理,减少灰度突变;其次,为了满足实时性要求,对sift特征描述符进行了简化,提高了速度;利用slam图像的连续性,像素邻域匹配方法减少了特征匹配的时间,降低了重复纹理的匹配错误率。采用GPU实现改进SIFT特征算法。仿真结果表明,改进后的轨迹精度提高了35%以上,图像处理时间约为12ms。同时,提高了系统的精度。
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引用次数: 1
Joint Opinion Target and Target-oriented Opinion Words Extraction by BERT and IOT Model 基于BERT和IOT模型的联合意见目标和目标导向意见词提取
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421536
Yuanfa Zhu, Weiwen Zhang, Depei Wang
In this paper, we investigate two sub-tasks of aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) through the pre-trained language model BERT, namely opinion target extraction (OTE) and target-oriented opinion words extraction (TOWE). Specifically, we build a novel framework for the joint extraction model of opinion target and target-oriented opinion words feedback, which aims to extract the opinion target and corresponding opinion words. In order to accomplish the TOWE task more effectively, we proposed an IO-LSTM+Transformer structure, termed IOT, which has excellent performance in domain-specific datasets when combined with the BERT pre-training model. To validate the effectiveness of our model, we develop a pipeline model for comparison. Experiment results show that our model can extract the pair of opinion target and opinion words from the sentence more effectively than the pipeline model. Therefore, our joint model has the potential to facilitate other tasks of ABSA.
本文通过预训练语言模型BERT研究了基于方面的情感分析(ABSA)的两个子任务,即观点目标提取(OTE)和目标导向的观点词提取(TOWE)。具体而言,我们构建了一种新的意见目标和目标导向意见词反馈联合抽取模型框架,旨在抽取意见目标和相应的意见词。为了更有效地完成TOWE任务,我们提出了一种IO-LSTM+Transformer结构,称为IOT,该结构与BERT预训练模型相结合,在特定领域的数据集上具有优异的性能。为了验证模型的有效性,我们开发了一个管道模型进行比较。实验结果表明,该模型比管道模型更有效地从句子中提取意见目标和意见词对。因此,我们的联合模型有可能促进ABSA的其他任务。
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引用次数: 0
DB M-Net: An Efficient Segmentation Network for Esophagus and Esophageal Tumor in Computed Tomography Images 一种有效的食道及食道肿瘤计算机断层图像分割网络
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421531
Donghao Zhou, Guoheng Huang, W. Ling, Haomin Ni, Lianglun Cheng, Jian Zhou
Esophageal cancer is one of the diseases afflicting human beings. Automatic segmentation of esophagus and esophageal tumor from computed tomography (CT) images is a challenging problem, which can assist in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer. In this paper, DB M-Net is proposed for the segmentation of esophagus and esophageal tumor from CT images, which combines M-Net modified from U-Net with an approximate function for binarization called differentiable binarization (DB). We construct the multi-scale input layers and the multi-level output layers in the network to facilitate features fusion, and DB is performed to enhance the robustness. Fewer parameters are applied in our DB M-Net but the network achieves a better performance. The experiments are based on the dataset of 2,219 slices from 16 CT scans, which show our DB M-Net outperforms other existing algorithms.
食管癌是折磨人类的疾病之一。计算机断层扫描(CT)图像中食管和食管癌的自动分割是一个具有挑战性的问题,它可以帮助食管癌的诊断。本文将U-Net改进后的M-Net与二值化近似函数可微二值化(DB)相结合,提出了用于食管和食管肿瘤CT图像分割的DB - M-Net算法。我们在网络中构建了多尺度输入层和多尺度输出层来促进特征融合,并使用DB来增强鲁棒性。该网络采用的参数较少,但性能较好。实验基于16个CT扫描的2219个切片数据集,结果表明我们的DB M-Net优于其他现有算法。
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引用次数: 0
Breast Cancer Detection of Small Sample Based on Data Augmentation and Corner Pooling 基于数据增强和角池的小样本乳腺癌检测
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421526
Kanhong Xiao, Guoheng Huang, W. Ling, Lianglun Cheng, Tao Peng, Jian Zhou
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The effective detection the location of breast cancer from the ultrasound images can assist doctors in diagnosing breast cancer. Diverse morphology, blurred edges, and small amount of data causes great difficulty in the detection of breast cancer. Deep learning is very advantageous when facing these problems. However, the problems of training on small sample datasets and the imbalance of positive and negative samples are problems that need to be solved. In order to improve the accuracy of ultrasound breast cancer detection, a small sample breast cancer detection method based on data augmentation and corner pooling is proposed in this paper. In this method, we propose a way for solving over-fitting of small samples and solving the imbalance problem of positive and negative samples. Data augmentation module based on geometric and noise transformation is proposed to solve the problem of small samples, and detection module based on focal loss and corner pooling is proposed to solve the problem of imbalance samples. The experiment found that the method used in this paper has more advantages than the mainstream methods in difficult to distinguish samples. The method used in this paper has an AP of 84.65%, which is higher than state-of-the-art methods.
乳腺癌是全世界女性中最常见的癌症。从超声图像中有效地发现乳腺癌的位置可以帮助医生诊断乳腺癌。形态学多样,边缘模糊,数据量少,给乳腺癌的检测带来了很大的困难。在面对这些问题时,深度学习是非常有利的。然而,在小样本数据集上的训练问题和正、负样本的不平衡是需要解决的问题。为了提高超声乳腺癌检测的准确率,本文提出了一种基于数据增强和角池的小样本乳腺癌检测方法。在该方法中,我们提出了一种解决小样本过拟合和正、负样本不平衡问题的方法。提出了基于几何和噪声变换的数据增强模块来解决样本小的问题,提出了基于焦点损失和角池化的检测模块来解决样本不平衡的问题。实验发现,本文所采用的方法在难以区分样本方面比主流方法更具优势。本文所采用的方法的AP为84.65%,高于现有的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Text-based Decision Fusion Model for Detecting Depression 基于文本的抑郁症检测决策融合模型
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421516
Yufeng Zhang, Yingxue Wang, Xueli Wang, Bochao Zou, Haiyong Xie
With about 300 million people in the world suffer from depression, depressive disorder has become a major health problem in the world. The 2017 Audio/Visual Emotion Challenge required Participants to build a model in order to detect depression based on audio, video, and text data. In this paper, we use single-modality, transcribed text data, for depression detection. We proposed a decision fusion model which combines Bert text embedding of interview transcript and key phrases recognition. Text embedding module is composed of Bert embedding model and LSTM network. Key phrases recognition module recognizes words such as “depression”, “cannot sleep” that are believed to be valuable in improving the recognition accuracy. We fuse the two identification methods at the decision level. Our proposed decision fusion model outperforms previous single-modality approaches in terms of classification accuracy. The F1 scores and precision is 0.81 and 0.82, respectively.
世界上大约有3亿人患有抑郁症,抑郁症已经成为世界上一个主要的健康问题。2017年的音频/视觉情感挑战要求参与者建立一个模型,以便根据音频、视频和文本数据检测抑郁症。在本文中,我们使用单模态的转录文本数据进行抑郁检测。提出了一种结合采访文本的Bert文本嵌入和关键短语识别的决策融合模型。文本嵌入模块由Bert嵌入模型和LSTM网络组成。关键短语识别模块可识别“抑郁”、“睡不着”等被认为对提高识别准确率有价值的词语。我们在决策层面融合了这两种识别方法。我们提出的决策融合模型在分类精度方面优于以往的单模态方法。F1得分和精度分别为0.81和0.82。
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引用次数: 7
Adaptive Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on Image Texture 基于图像纹理的自适应鲁棒水印算法
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421518
Xing Yang, Y. Liu, Tingge Zhu
Digital watermarking is a key technology to solve copyright protection and content authentication. Most existing watermarking algorithms are based on global embedding, which cannot well balance the imperceptibility and robustness of watermarking. This paper proposes an adaptive robust watermarking algorithm based on image texture, which mainly includes: (1) color image is converted from RGB space to Lab space and the stable scale invariant feature transform(SIFT) points are extracted based on L component as the embedding position of watermark; (2)the structured forest edge is extracted using machine learning as the watermark image which is decomposed by using lifting wavelet transform (LWT) and then encrypted using logical chaos transform; (3)in consideration of human visual system, the strength factor is adaptively selected by using the brightness information and texture complexity of the L component. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm in Lab space has the better visual invisibility and robustness to resist various attacks, especially for cropping, noise and JPEG compression attacks in comparison with other related algorithms.
数字水印是解决版权保护和内容认证的关键技术。现有的大多数水印算法都是基于全局嵌入的,不能很好地平衡水印的不可感知性和鲁棒性。本文提出了一种基于图像纹理的自适应鲁棒水印算法,主要包括:(1)将彩色图像从RGB空间转换到Lab空间,并基于L分量提取稳定尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)点作为水印的嵌入位置;(2)利用机器学习提取结构化森林边缘作为水印图像,利用提升小波变换(LWT)对水印图像进行分解,然后利用逻辑混沌变换对水印图像进行加密;(3)考虑到人的视觉系统,利用L分量的亮度信息和纹理复杂度自适应选择强度因子。实验结果表明,与其他相关算法相比,本文算法在Lab空间中具有更好的视觉不可见性和抗各种攻击的鲁棒性,特别是对裁剪、噪声和JPEG压缩攻击。
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引用次数: 0
Fast Iris Segmentation under Partly Occlusion Based on MTCNN and Weighted FCN 基于MTCNN和加权FCN的部分遮挡下虹膜快速分割
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421529
Haomin Ni, Guoheng Huang, Lianglun Cheng, Donghao Zhou, Tao Wang, Feng Zhao
Many times, an ophthalmologist will infer the health of the eye, the development of eye diseases, and the recovery by observing the morphological changes of the iris tissue. Therefore, accurate and automatic segmentation of the iris is a very important task. In this paper, we propose an iris segmentation method to tackle with the partly occlusion case that includes fast eye detection based on MTCNN, iris segmentation based on Weighted FCN and Hough Transform and coordinate correction for radius of iris in the real world. Firstly, we apply Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networks for eye detection, which is light and fast. Then we propose Weighted FCN and Hough Transform to segment the iris, even if the iris is partially occlusive. Finally, we design a calibration scheme to correct the iris radius in the real world. Experimental results show that the accuracy rate of the proposed method reaches 97.6% and precision rate 98.5%, superior to state-of-the-art methods.
很多时候,眼科医生会通过观察虹膜组织的形态变化来推断眼睛的健康状况、眼部疾病的发展和恢复情况。因此,对虹膜进行准确、自动的分割是一项非常重要的任务。本文提出了一种针对部分遮挡情况的虹膜分割方法,该方法包括基于MTCNN的快速眼部检测、基于加权FCN和霍夫变换的虹膜分割以及真实世界中虹膜半径的坐标校正。首先,我们将多任务级联卷积网络应用于眼部检测,该方法轻巧、快速。然后,我们提出加权FCN和霍夫变换来分割虹膜,即使虹膜部分闭塞。最后,我们设计了一种校正方案来校正现实世界中的虹膜半径。实验结果表明,该方法的准确率达到97.6%,精密度达到98.5%,优于现有方法。
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引用次数: 1
Robo : A Counselor Chatbot for Opioid Addicted Patients Robo:阿片类药物成瘾患者的咨询聊天机器人
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421525
M. Moghadasi, Yuan Zhuang, Hashim Abu-gellban
Opioid as an addiction is a serious public health threat in the U.S., leads to massive deaths and other social problems. Medical treatment and mental supports are considering factors in rehabilitation process for opioid addicts. In this process families and friends play an important role in supporting and help the addict to stay clean. However, they may not know the best action to take due to lack of knowledge or certainty. Therefore, there are situations that addicts tend to use social media as a question/answering platform to seek answer for an inquiry. Unfortunately, It is often difficult to search over pages or different forums for a quick answer and it can be time-consuming, confusing and ultimately frustrating for the addicts. Hence, We propose a novel chatbot that is integrated with state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to retrieve an instant answer for a user’s query from Reddit social media. Our experiment illustrates that the chatbot provides answers in scenarios that there is no exact matched question in the discussion forums but there are questions with semantic similarities to the user query. Consequently, we illustrate real use cases where our chatbot retrieves responses from Reddit social media forums.
阿片类药物成瘾是美国严重的公共健康威胁,导致大量死亡和其他社会问题。药物治疗和精神支持是阿片类药物成瘾者康复过程中的考虑因素。在这个过程中,家人和朋友在支持和帮助吸毒者戒毒方面发挥着重要作用。然而,由于缺乏知识或确定性,他们可能不知道采取最佳行动。因此,在某些情况下,上瘾者倾向于将社交媒体作为一个问答平台,寻求问题的答案。不幸的是,通常很难在页面或不同的论坛上搜索一个快速的答案,这可能是耗时的,令人困惑的,最终让上瘾者感到沮丧。因此,我们提出了一种新型的聊天机器人,它集成了最先进的深度学习技术,可以从Reddit社交媒体上检索用户查询的即时答案。我们的实验表明,聊天机器人在论坛中没有精确匹配的问题,但存在与用户查询具有语义相似性的问题的情况下提供答案。因此,我们演示了聊天机器人从Reddit社交媒体论坛检索回复的真实用例。
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引用次数: 6
A Web News Classification Method: Fusion Noise Filtering and Convolutional Neural Network 一种网络新闻分类方法:融合噪声滤波和卷积神经网络
Pub Date : 2020-07-11 DOI: 10.1145/3421515.3421523
Chunhui He, Yanli Hu, Aixia Zhou, Zhen Tan, Chong Zhang, Bin Ge
As the way of Internet information transfer, web news plays a significant role in information sharing. Considering that web news usually contains a lot of content, after in-depth analysis, we found that not all content is related to the news topic, and a lot of web news contains some noise content, and these noises content have serious interference to the text classification task. So, how to filter noise and purify web news content to improve the accuracy of web news classification has become a challenging problem. In this paper, we proposed a web news classification method via fusing noise detection, BERT-based semantic similarity noise filtering and convolutional neural network (NF-CNN) to solve the problem. In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the method, we use the Chinese public news classification dataset to evaluate it. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can effectively detect and filter a lot of noise text and the average F1 score can reach 95.61% on web news classification task.
网络新闻作为互联网信息传递的一种方式,在信息共享方面发挥着重要的作用。考虑到网络新闻通常包含大量的内容,经过深入分析,我们发现并不是所有的内容都与新闻主题相关,并且很多网络新闻包含一些噪声内容,这些噪声内容对文本分类任务有严重的干扰。因此,如何过滤噪声,净化网络新闻内容,提高网络新闻分类的准确性成为一个具有挑战性的问题。本文提出了一种融合噪声检测、基于bert的语义相似度噪声滤波和卷积神经网络(NF-CNN)的网络新闻分类方法。为了全面评价该方法的性能,我们使用中文公开新闻分类数据集对其进行评价。实验结果表明,我们的方法可以有效地检测和过滤大量的噪声文本,在网络新闻分类任务上的平均F1分可以达到95.61%。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2020 2nd Symposium on Signal Processing Systems
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