Pub Date : 2002-06-17DOI: 10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015142
J. Das
The lightning and switching surges can be transferred from one voltage level to another through transformer couplings. A distribution system, which may not be directly exposed to the overvoltages of atmospheric origin, but is connected to a utility system through a transformer of high turns ratio will be exposed to overvoltages on the secondary side due to overvoltages on the primary windings. The resulting stresses on the distribution system may exceed the BIL levels. The paper provides simplified expressions for the surge transfer voltages through the transformers and the results of EMTP simulations for lightning and switching surges in a typical distribution. Primary and secondary surge arresters and surge capacitors are shown to limit these overvoltages to safe levels.
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Pub Date : 2002-06-17DOI: 10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015138
J.C. Thompson, B.A. Lloyd
E-mail has replaced the interoffice memo and is the primary means of business communication. But all too often, correspondents don't follow the same common sense rules with e-mail as with printed correspondence. In fact, business e-mail should be more carefully constructed than paper mail (snail mail) because e-mail can be easily forwarded, attached to another message or kept indefinitely in an electronic filing cabinet. This paper presents some simple guidelines for electronic mail etiquette.
{"title":"E-mail etiquette (netiquette)","authors":"J.C. Thompson, B.A. Lloyd","doi":"10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015138","url":null,"abstract":"E-mail has replaced the interoffice memo and is the primary means of business communication. But all too often, correspondents don't follow the same common sense rules with e-mail as with printed correspondence. In fact, business e-mail should be more carefully constructed than paper mail (snail mail) because e-mail can be easily forwarded, attached to another message or kept indefinitely in an electronic filing cabinet. This paper presents some simple guidelines for electronic mail etiquette.","PeriodicalId":295977,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference (Cat. No.02CH37352)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126214591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015155
B. Lloyd, M. Sušnik
By the end of 2002, it is estimated that there will be more than 42 million devices connected to the Internet. Better and simpler software development tools along with cheaper electronics make it possible to embed web interfaces into small and inexpensive microprocessor based field devices. Embedding a web server in a field instrument or sensor, allows users to access these devices from anywhere in the world utilizing a standard Internet Browser. This eliminates the need for proprietary or dedicated control software. In addition, such interfaces allow manufacturers access to their products after they are shipped; simplifying maintenance, diagnostics, and in-place firmware upgrades. This paper describes some of the issues related to web embedded field devices and the development of such devices.
{"title":"Web embedded field devices","authors":"B. Lloyd, M. Sušnik","doi":"10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAPCON.2002.1015155","url":null,"abstract":"By the end of 2002, it is estimated that there will be more than 42 million devices connected to the Internet. Better and simpler software development tools along with cheaper electronics make it possible to embed web interfaces into small and inexpensive microprocessor based field devices. Embedding a web server in a field instrument or sensor, allows users to access these devices from anywhere in the world utilizing a standard Internet Browser. This eliminates the need for proprietary or dedicated control software. In addition, such interfaces allow manufacturers access to their products after they are shipped; simplifying maintenance, diagnostics, and in-place firmware upgrades. This paper describes some of the issues related to web embedded field devices and the development of such devices.","PeriodicalId":295977,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference (Cat. No.02CH37352)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127868836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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