Transnational governance is increasingly important to many areas of global politics, including global climate change, where multilateral negotiations have fallen into gridlock. However, we have yet to fully understand how domestic political conditions affect sub- and non-state actors' ability to engage in governance beyond the state. Existing approaches to transnational governance emphasize, often implicitly, a liberal, pluralist view of politics, in which non- and sub-state actors have considerable agency with which to pursue their interests. The paper explores, instead, transnational governance under conditions of "fragmented authoritarianism," explaining how the Chinese political context affects sub- and non-state actors' participation in transnational climate governance. Because China will soon be the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, understanding Chinese actors' participation is crucial to the ultimate success of transnational approaches to climate governance. We find that while Chinese participation in TCG is limited and primarily reactive, the fragmented nature of the Chinese political system allows for greater participation than conventional theoretical approaches would expect.
{"title":"Domestic Politics and Participation in Transnational Climate Governance: The Crucial Case of China","authors":"Thomas N. Hale, Charles B. Roger","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2169841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2169841","url":null,"abstract":"Transnational governance is increasingly important to many areas of global politics, including global climate change, where multilateral negotiations have fallen into gridlock. However, we have yet to fully understand how domestic political conditions affect sub- and non-state actors' ability to engage in governance beyond the state. Existing approaches to transnational governance emphasize, often implicitly, a liberal, pluralist view of politics, in which non- and sub-state actors have considerable agency with which to pursue their interests. The paper explores, instead, transnational governance under conditions of \"fragmented authoritarianism,\" explaining how the Chinese political context affects sub- and non-state actors' participation in transnational climate governance. Because China will soon be the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, understanding Chinese actors' participation is crucial to the ultimate success of transnational approaches to climate governance. We find that while Chinese participation in TCG is limited and primarily reactive, the fragmented nature of the Chinese political system allows for greater participation than conventional theoretical approaches would expect.","PeriodicalId":296040,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Political Science of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114300152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I present a unified discussion of several recently published results concerning the escalation, timing and severity of violent events in human conflicts and global terrorism, and set them in the wider context of real-world and cyber-based collective violence and illicit activity. I point out how the borders distinguishing between such activities are becoming increasingly blurred in practice -- from insurgency, terrorism, criminal gangs and cyberwars, through to the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings and London riots. I review the robust empirical patterns that have been found, and summarize a minimal mechanistic model which can explain these patterns. I also explain why this mechanistic approach, which is inspired by non-equilibrium statistical physics, fits naturally within the framework of recent ideas within the social science literature concerning analytical sociology. In passing, I flag the fundamental flaws in each of the recent critiques which have surfaced concerning the robustness of these results and the realism of the underlying model mechanisms.
{"title":"Escalation, Timing and Severity of Insurgent and Terrorist Events: Toward a Unified Theory of Future Threats","authors":"N. Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2003876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2003876","url":null,"abstract":"I present a unified discussion of several recently published results concerning the escalation, timing and severity of violent events in human conflicts and global terrorism, and set them in the wider context of real-world and cyber-based collective violence and illicit activity. I point out how the borders distinguishing between such activities are becoming increasingly blurred in practice -- from insurgency, terrorism, criminal gangs and cyberwars, through to the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings and London riots. I review the robust empirical patterns that have been found, and summarize a minimal mechanistic model which can explain these patterns. I also explain why this mechanistic approach, which is inspired by non-equilibrium statistical physics, fits naturally within the framework of recent ideas within the social science literature concerning analytical sociology. In passing, I flag the fundamental flaws in each of the recent critiques which have surfaced concerning the robustness of these results and the realism of the underlying model mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":296040,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Political Science of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114553417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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