M. Bilal, Muhammad Abdul Raziq, Muhammad Ajwad Humayon, T. Hussain, M. Tahir
Objective: To find out the frequency of prediabetes in patients of HIV presenting at tertiary care hospital. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration: Department of Medicine, D.G Khan Hospital, D.G Khan. (January 2020 to December 2020) Methodology: Total 187 patients of HIV infection, age 20 years to 60 years both male or female with duration of HIV 10 years were selected and pre-diabetes was studies. Results: Total 187 patients of HIV infection was recruited for this study and prediabetes was assessed. Mean age and mean HIV infection duration was 37.81 ± 12.81 years and 5.31 ± 2.86 years. Prediabetes was noted in 63 (34%) patients. Male patients and female patients were 122 (65.24%) and 65 (34.76%) respectively. Prediabetes was found in 58 (47.54%) males and in 5 (7.69%) females. Prediabetes was significantly (P=0.000) associated with gender. Conclusion: This study showed a higher percentage of prediabetes among HIV infected patients. Most of the cases were belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life. Males were more victim of HIV infection as compared to females and most of the males were prediabetics. No association of development of prediabetes with duration of HIV infected was noted. Keywords: Prediabetes, HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, IGT
{"title":"Frequency of Prediabetes in patients of HIV Infection Presenting at Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"M. Bilal, Muhammad Abdul Raziq, Muhammad Ajwad Humayon, T. Hussain, M. Tahir","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610236","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the frequency of prediabetes in patients of HIV presenting at tertiary care hospital. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration: Department of Medicine, D.G Khan Hospital, D.G Khan. (January 2020 to December 2020) Methodology: Total 187 patients of HIV infection, age 20 years to 60 years both male or female with duration of HIV 10 years were selected and pre-diabetes was studies. Results: Total 187 patients of HIV infection was recruited for this study and prediabetes was assessed. Mean age and mean HIV infection duration was 37.81 ± 12.81 years and 5.31 ± 2.86 years. Prediabetes was noted in 63 (34%) patients. Male patients and female patients were 122 (65.24%) and 65 (34.76%) respectively. Prediabetes was found in 58 (47.54%) males and in 5 (7.69%) females. Prediabetes was significantly (P=0.000) associated with gender. Conclusion: This study showed a higher percentage of prediabetes among HIV infected patients. Most of the cases were belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life. Males were more victim of HIV infection as compared to females and most of the males were prediabetics. No association of development of prediabetes with duration of HIV infected was noted. Keywords: Prediabetes, HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, IGT","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116496832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Amjad, I. Hyder, R. A. Rehman, H. Shafi, M. Seerwan, Ali Shandar Durrani
Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in patients of upper ureteric stones having stone size from 10 to 15 mm. Study Design: Randomized control trial Setting: Study was done at department of Urology, Nishtar Hospital Multan. The duration of the study was from January 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: 140 patients were divided into two groups randomly. In group A ureterorenoscopy (URS) with Pneumatic Lithotripsy was used for proximal ureteric stones management. URS was performed under general anesthesia. In group B, ESWL was done for the management of proximal ureteric stones identified by ultrasound and fluoroscopy. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: In this study In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the stone cleared in 90% patients and in ESWL group the stone cleared in 78.6% patients (p-value=0.595). In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the pain was present in 14.3% patients and in ESWL group the pain was present in 18.6% patients (p-value=0.494). In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the bleeding was noted in 25.7% patients and in ESWL group the bleeding was noted in 40.0% patients (p-value=0.072). Conclusion: This study concluded that intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy is a good alternate of ESWL for the management of upper ureteric stones (having size from 10 to 15mm). Keywords: Urolithiasis, Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Ureteric Stone
目的:比较体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)与体外气压碎石术(ESWL)治疗10 ~ 15mm输尿管上段结石的疗效和安全性。研究设计:随机对照试验设置:研究在木尔坦Nishtar医院泌尿科完成。研究时间为2021年1月至2022年1月。方法:140例患者随机分为两组。A组采用输尿管镜联合气压碎石术治疗输尿管近端结石。全麻下进行尿潴留。B组对经超声和透视检查发现的输尿管近端结石行体外冲击波碎石治疗。使用SPSS version 23进行数据分析。结果:体外气压碎石组结石清除率为90%，体外碎石组结石清除率为78.6% (p值=0.595)。体外气压碎石组疼痛发生率为14.3%，体外碎石组为18.6% (p值=0.494)。体外气压碎石组出血发生率为25.7%，体外冲击波碎石组出血发生率为40.0% (p值=0.072)。结论:体外气压碎石术是治疗输尿管上段结石(直径10 ~ 15mm)的较好方法。关键词:尿石症，体外气压碎石，体外冲击波碎石，输尿管结石
{"title":"Comparison between Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) in terms of efficacy and Safety for Management of Proximal Ureteric Stones","authors":"M. Amjad, I. Hyder, R. A. Rehman, H. Shafi, M. Seerwan, Ali Shandar Durrani","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610318","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in patients of upper ureteric stones having stone size from 10 to 15 mm. Study Design: Randomized control trial Setting: Study was done at department of Urology, Nishtar Hospital Multan. The duration of the study was from January 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: 140 patients were divided into two groups randomly. In group A ureterorenoscopy (URS) with Pneumatic Lithotripsy was used for proximal ureteric stones management. URS was performed under general anesthesia. In group B, ESWL was done for the management of proximal ureteric stones identified by ultrasound and fluoroscopy. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: In this study In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the stone cleared in 90% patients and in ESWL group the stone cleared in 78.6% patients (p-value=0.595). In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the pain was present in 14.3% patients and in ESWL group the pain was present in 18.6% patients (p-value=0.494). In Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy group the bleeding was noted in 25.7% patients and in ESWL group the bleeding was noted in 40.0% patients (p-value=0.072). Conclusion: This study concluded that intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy is a good alternate of ESWL for the management of upper ureteric stones (having size from 10 to 15mm). Keywords: Urolithiasis, Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Ureteric Stone","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122700383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Iqbal, Taimoor Ali, M. Anwarullah, Qazi Ziaullah
Objectives: To note the impact of delayed presentation on the surgical outcome of extradural hematoma in traumatic brain injury. Study Design: A case-series study. Place Duration of the Study: Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from July 2018 to June 2019. Methodology: A total of 119 patients of both genders aged 15-45 years suffering from epidural hematoma with history of head trauma presented after 6 hours having size of hematoma above 30 ml (as per axial images of CT brain) were included. Frequency of favorable and unfavorable outcomes were noted after three months of follow-up. Outcome was termed as favorable if patient had good recover or moderate disability. Results: Out of total 119 patients, 89 (74.8%) were male. Unfavorable outcome was noted in 37.8% (n=45) of total patients with delayed presentation to the hospital, while favorable outcome was noted in 62.2% (n=74) of patients. Good recovery and moderate disability were observed in 27.7% (n=31) and 34.5% (n=41) of total patients respectively. While, severe disability and vegetative state was recorded in 26.1% (n=31) and 7.6% (n=9) of patients respectively. Practical Implications: Efforts should be made to increase awareness about timely presentation and interventions for better surgical outcomes among patients of extradural hematoma. Conclusion: Frequency of unfavorable surgical outcome of extradural hematoma found to be 37.8% in head trauma patients with late presentation. Keywords: Extradural Hematoma, Glasgow Coma scale, surgical outcome
{"title":"Impact of Delayed Presentation on the Surgical Outcome of Epidural Hematoma in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients","authors":"A. Iqbal, Taimoor Ali, M. Anwarullah, Qazi Ziaullah","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610300","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To note the impact of delayed presentation on the surgical outcome of extradural hematoma in traumatic brain injury. Study Design: A case-series study. Place Duration of the Study: Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from July 2018 to June 2019. Methodology: A total of 119 patients of both genders aged 15-45 years suffering from epidural hematoma with history of head trauma presented after 6 hours having size of hematoma above 30 ml (as per axial images of CT brain) were included. Frequency of favorable and unfavorable outcomes were noted after three months of follow-up. Outcome was termed as favorable if patient had good recover or moderate disability. Results: Out of total 119 patients, 89 (74.8%) were male. Unfavorable outcome was noted in 37.8% (n=45) of total patients with delayed presentation to the hospital, while favorable outcome was noted in 62.2% (n=74) of patients. Good recovery and moderate disability were observed in 27.7% (n=31) and 34.5% (n=41) of total patients respectively. While, severe disability and vegetative state was recorded in 26.1% (n=31) and 7.6% (n=9) of patients respectively. Practical Implications: Efforts should be made to increase awareness about timely presentation and interventions for better surgical outcomes among patients of extradural hematoma. Conclusion: Frequency of unfavorable surgical outcome of extradural hematoma found to be 37.8% in head trauma patients with late presentation. Keywords: Extradural Hematoma, Glasgow Coma scale, surgical outcome","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121994840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehwish Iqbal, Athar Razzaq, F. A. Malik, Muhammad Amjad Ali, Muhammad Imran, Maham Shehzadi
Objective: to determine the association of lactate clearance with morbidity and mortality in neonates with sepsis and septic shock at neonatology department of Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out at department of neonatology of Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh from January 2021 to June 2021. Term neonates, aged less than 28 days and diagnosed as the cases of sepsis, were included. After taking demographic information, a detailed medical history was obtained, and a complete clinical examination was done. Blood samples were taken from all the patients and sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the CBC, liver function test, serum creatinine level, coagulation profile, CRP, blood culture, and serum lactate level. All the data were collected by using structured study proforma, and SPSS version 26 was used for the purpose of data analysis. Results: A total of 56 septic neonates were studied, their mean age was 13.14+7.79 days. Females were 51.8% and males were 48.2%. Blood culture was positive in 75.0% of the cases, and CRP was positive in 98.2% of the cases. Overall average of serum lactate at baseline was 2.67+1.73, at 6 hours was 1.91+0.98 and at 24 hours average of serum lactate was 0.21+0.10. 50% of the cases had AKI, 50.0% had AHI, cardiac failure was in 26.8% of the cases, 30.4% of the cases had need of ventilation, and the mortality rate was 35.7%. Septic neonatal morbidity and mortality were statistically insignificant according to serum lactate at baseline and at 24 hours (p >0.05). Despite the fact that serum lactate at 6 hours was significantly associated with mortality and the need for ventilation (p 0.05), Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, neonatal sepsis and septic shock are highly responsible for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Lactate clearance at six hours was found to be significantly related to neonatal mortality and the need for ventilation. Although lactate clearance at 6 hours is observed to be a predictor of neonatal mortality in neonates with sepsis and septic shock, Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, lactate clearance, morbidity, mortality
目的:探讨穆扎法加尔市雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安医院新生儿科脓毒症和感染性休克新生儿乳酸清除率与发病率和死亡率的关系。方法:本前瞻性队列研究于2021年1月至2021年6月在穆扎法加尔市雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安医院新生儿科进行。年龄小于28天并被诊断为败血症的足月新生儿被纳入研究。在获得人口统计信息后，获得了详细的病史，并进行了完整的临床检查。所有患者均采血，送往医院诊断实验室进行CBC、肝功能、血清肌酐水平、凝血特征、CRP、血培养和血清乳酸水平评估。所有数据的收集采用结构化研究形式，数据分析使用SPSS version 26。结果:本组共56例败血症新生儿，平均年龄13.14+7.79天。女性占51.8%，男性占48.2%。血培养阳性率为75.0%，CRP阳性率为98.2%。基线时血清乳酸总平均值为2.67+1.73,6小时时为1.91+0.98,24小时时为0.21+0.10。AKI占50%，AHI占50.0%，心衰占26.8%，需通气占30.4%，死亡率为35.7%。根据基线和24小时血清乳酸水平比较，脓毒性新生儿发病率和死亡率均无统计学意义(p >0.05)。尽管6小时血清乳酸与新生儿死亡率和通气需求显著相关(p < 0.05)，结论:根据研究结论，新生儿脓毒症和感染性休克是新生儿发病率和死亡率的重要原因。发现6小时乳酸清除率与新生儿死亡率和通气需求显著相关。虽然观察到6小时乳酸清除率是脓毒症和脓毒性休克新生儿死亡率的预测指标，但关键词:新生儿脓毒症，乳酸清除率，发病率，死亡率
{"title":"Association of Lactate Clearance with Morbidity and Mortality in Neonates with Sepsis and Septic Shock at RECEP Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh","authors":"Mehwish Iqbal, Athar Razzaq, F. A. Malik, Muhammad Amjad Ali, Muhammad Imran, Maham Shehzadi","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610471","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to determine the association of lactate clearance with morbidity and mortality in neonates with sepsis and septic shock at neonatology department of Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out at department of neonatology of Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital Muzaffargarh from January 2021 to June 2021. Term neonates, aged less than 28 days and diagnosed as the cases of sepsis, were included. After taking demographic information, a detailed medical history was obtained, and a complete clinical examination was done. Blood samples were taken from all the patients and sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the CBC, liver function test, serum creatinine level, coagulation profile, CRP, blood culture, and serum lactate level. All the data were collected by using structured study proforma, and SPSS version 26 was used for the purpose of data analysis. Results: A total of 56 septic neonates were studied, their mean age was 13.14+7.79 days. Females were 51.8% and males were 48.2%. Blood culture was positive in 75.0% of the cases, and CRP was positive in 98.2% of the cases. Overall average of serum lactate at baseline was 2.67+1.73, at 6 hours was 1.91+0.98 and at 24 hours average of serum lactate was 0.21+0.10. 50% of the cases had AKI, 50.0% had AHI, cardiac failure was in 26.8% of the cases, 30.4% of the cases had need of ventilation, and the mortality rate was 35.7%. Septic neonatal morbidity and mortality were statistically insignificant according to serum lactate at baseline and at 24 hours (p >0.05). Despite the fact that serum lactate at 6 hours was significantly associated with mortality and the need for ventilation (p 0.05), Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, neonatal sepsis and septic shock are highly responsible for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Lactate clearance at six hours was found to be significantly related to neonatal mortality and the need for ventilation. Although lactate clearance at 6 hours is observed to be a predictor of neonatal mortality in neonates with sepsis and septic shock, Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, lactate clearance, morbidity, mortality","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133153023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uzma Hasan, M. Fatima, H. Khan, Saeeda Zia, Aatika Khan, M. Habib
Objective: This study was done to evaluate awareness of dental practitioners regarding biocompatibility of dental materials among dental practitioners. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in Islamic international dental college Islamabad during June 2019 to December 2019. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional questionnaire based study. Questionnaires were distributed to house officers and post graduate trainees (N=100) of Islamic International Dental Hospital. The recorded data was analyzed using SPSS2015 (version 23) software. Results: 85% of dental practitioners had knowledge about biocompatibility of polymer based materials. 89% were aware of type of adverse reactions associated with latex gloves. 64% of dental practitioners had awareness that eugenol is a cytotoxic substance present in zinc oxide eugenol. 7% of dental practitioners knew about the various methods to diagnose titanium allergy. Practical implication: This study will help the dental practitioners to comprehend what type of allergies are prevalent in their local population and which dental material can give best results without adverse effects. Conclusion: Our participants have sufficient knowledge about the biocompatibility of dental materials but the knowledge about titanium allergy needs to be enhanced. Keywords: awareness, biocompatibility, dental practitioners, dental materials
{"title":"Awareness of Dental Practitioners Regarding Biocompatibilty of Dental Materials","authors":"Uzma Hasan, M. Fatima, H. Khan, Saeeda Zia, Aatika Khan, M. Habib","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610420","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study was done to evaluate awareness of dental practitioners regarding biocompatibility of dental materials among dental practitioners. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in Islamic international dental college Islamabad during June 2019 to December 2019. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional questionnaire based study. Questionnaires were distributed to house officers and post graduate trainees (N=100) of Islamic International Dental Hospital. The recorded data was analyzed using SPSS2015 (version 23) software. Results: 85% of dental practitioners had knowledge about biocompatibility of polymer based materials. 89% were aware of type of adverse reactions associated with latex gloves. 64% of dental practitioners had awareness that eugenol is a cytotoxic substance present in zinc oxide eugenol. 7% of dental practitioners knew about the various methods to diagnose titanium allergy. Practical implication: This study will help the dental practitioners to comprehend what type of allergies are prevalent in their local population and which dental material can give best results without adverse effects. Conclusion: Our participants have sufficient knowledge about the biocompatibility of dental materials but the knowledge about titanium allergy needs to be enhanced. Keywords: awareness, biocompatibility, dental practitioners, dental materials","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131828110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Riaz, Afifa Ehsan, Aliya Raza, Umer Abdullah, M. Mehdi, Ejaz Hussain Sahu
Aim:Patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus havea largerpossibilityofdeveloping oral diseases furthermore; those who have uncontrolled and long-duration of Diabetes Mellitusare also at a greater risk for acquiringperiodontaldisorders. The present study intended to investigate the association of oral fitness knowledge and attitude with different demographic factorsin patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus visiting a secondary care provincial hospitalin Sargodha, Pakistan. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study piloted at a secondary care provincial hospital in District Sargodha which comprised 180 patients suffering from Type II Diabetes Mellitus.Information was collected using a systematized questionnaire which was handed out to study participants visiting the outpatient department of the hospital. Results:Oral health knowledge of the study participants were cross-tabulated with socio-economic and demographic factors and a significant association was seen with gender(P≤0.001), educational status(P≤0.0001), monthly income(P≤0.002), and marital status(P≤0.001). In the present study, 26% of males and 18% of females had adequate knowledge regarding oral health. Advanced levels of learningand income also transpiredto have a strong association with oral health awarenessand attitude(P≤0.01). Conclusions: Results of the present study suggest that oral well-being knowledge and attitude among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus were strongly associated in conjunction withgender, higher levels of education, and income. Based on these outcomes, communal-oriented oral well-being campaigns are indispensable to navigating the standard of living of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Keywords: Dental, Diabetes Mellitus, Knowledge, Oral Health, Oral complications, Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
{"title":"Impact of Demographic Factors on Oral Health Knowledge and Attitude of patients with Type II Diabetesmellitus Visiting A THQ Hospital in Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"F. Riaz, Afifa Ehsan, Aliya Raza, Umer Abdullah, M. Mehdi, Ejaz Hussain Sahu","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610247","url":null,"abstract":"Aim:Patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus havea largerpossibilityofdeveloping oral diseases furthermore; those who have uncontrolled and long-duration of Diabetes Mellitusare also at a greater risk for acquiringperiodontaldisorders. The present study intended to investigate the association of oral fitness knowledge and attitude with different demographic factorsin patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus visiting a secondary care provincial hospitalin Sargodha, Pakistan. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study piloted at a secondary care provincial hospital in District Sargodha which comprised 180 patients suffering from Type II Diabetes Mellitus.Information was collected using a systematized questionnaire which was handed out to study participants visiting the outpatient department of the hospital. Results:Oral health knowledge of the study participants were cross-tabulated with socio-economic and demographic factors and a significant association was seen with gender(P≤0.001), educational status(P≤0.0001), monthly income(P≤0.002), and marital status(P≤0.001). In the present study, 26% of males and 18% of females had adequate knowledge regarding oral health. Advanced levels of learningand income also transpiredto have a strong association with oral health awarenessand attitude(P≤0.01). Conclusions: Results of the present study suggest that oral well-being knowledge and attitude among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus were strongly associated in conjunction withgender, higher levels of education, and income. Based on these outcomes, communal-oriented oral well-being campaigns are indispensable to navigating the standard of living of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Keywords: Dental, Diabetes Mellitus, Knowledge, Oral Health, Oral complications, Type II Diabetes Mellitus.","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128183958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by excessive proteinuria (> 3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the safety and effectiveness of direct Xa inhibitors vs warfarin in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, Barakahu, Islamabad from January 2022 till June 2022. The data were collected from 120 patients which diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. After permission from hospital ethical committee, total 120 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria was enrolled in the study. Detailed history of kidney disease and physical examination was done to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained. Results: The data was collected from 120 patients. Out of 120 participants, 60 were treated with warfarin while 60 were considered as control group. Median age was 26 years in group I and 25.3 years in group II (p=0.705). Female cases counted for 41 (86%) and 19 (14%) in I and II groups, respectively. Risk factors, clinical presentation, affected vessels and AF for both groups are depicted in Table I. Results from both groups were comparable and statistically, no significant differences were observed (p• value more than 0.05). Practical implication: This study will help in treating nephrotic syndrome and kidney complications. Conclusion: It is concluded that awareness about nephrotic syndrome in patients were low and its prevalence continues to remain high and is likely to increase globally. Direct Xa inhibitors were associated with lower hazards of kidney complications and mortality than warfarin in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Keywords: Nephrotic, Syndrome, Complications, Mortality, Warfarin
{"title":"Safety and Effectiveness of Direct Xa Inhibitors vs Warfarin in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome","authors":"Ayesha Shahjahan, Syed Irfan Ahmed, A. Jamal","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610474","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by excessive proteinuria (> 3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the safety and effectiveness of direct Xa inhibitors vs warfarin in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, Barakahu, Islamabad from January 2022 till June 2022. The data were collected from 120 patients which diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. After permission from hospital ethical committee, total 120 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria was enrolled in the study. Detailed history of kidney disease and physical examination was done to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained. Results: The data was collected from 120 patients. Out of 120 participants, 60 were treated with warfarin while 60 were considered as control group. Median age was 26 years in group I and 25.3 years in group II (p=0.705). Female cases counted for 41 (86%) and 19 (14%) in I and II groups, respectively. Risk factors, clinical presentation, affected vessels and AF for both groups are depicted in Table I. Results from both groups were comparable and statistically, no significant differences were observed (p• value more than 0.05). Practical implication: This study will help in treating nephrotic syndrome and kidney complications. Conclusion: It is concluded that awareness about nephrotic syndrome in patients were low and its prevalence continues to remain high and is likely to increase globally. Direct Xa inhibitors were associated with lower hazards of kidney complications and mortality than warfarin in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Keywords: Nephrotic, Syndrome, Complications, Mortality, Warfarin","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim Asghar, S. Fatima, A. Shaikh, Nargis Shaikh, K. Qureshi
Objective: to critically analyze the leakage after open surgical repair of peptic ulcer perforation. Methods: All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited to surgical department SMBBMU, Larkana from September, 2018 to March, 2021 were included in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study. X-ray abdomen erect posture, leukocyte count, and serum amylase were performed. After surgery, site of perforation and type of surgery were recorded. Patients were followed for 30 days in order to assess the leakage. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 42.6±8.5 years. Out of 203 patients included in the study, 145 (71.4%) were male while 58 (28.6%) were female, Leakage was noted in 13 (6.4%) patients. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that leakage was less likely prevalent after peptic ulcer perforation repair, but we cannot rule out residual confounders. Practical implication Keywords: Leakage, Peptic Ulcer Perforation, Repair, Peritonitis, Laparoscopy, Surgery.
{"title":"Surgical Audit of Leakage after Open Surgical Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer","authors":"Ibrahim Asghar, S. Fatima, A. Shaikh, Nargis Shaikh, K. Qureshi","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610288","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to critically analyze the leakage after open surgical repair of peptic ulcer perforation. Methods: All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited to surgical department SMBBMU, Larkana from September, 2018 to March, 2021 were included in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study. X-ray abdomen erect posture, leukocyte count, and serum amylase were performed. After surgery, site of perforation and type of surgery were recorded. Patients were followed for 30 days in order to assess the leakage. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 42.6±8.5 years. Out of 203 patients included in the study, 145 (71.4%) were male while 58 (28.6%) were female, Leakage was noted in 13 (6.4%) patients. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that leakage was less likely prevalent after peptic ulcer perforation repair, but we cannot rule out residual confounders. Practical implication Keywords: Leakage, Peptic Ulcer Perforation, Repair, Peritonitis, Laparoscopy, Surgery.","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"322 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123324286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Zaman, Masud Khan, Samina Tabussam, S. Nawaz, A. Ayub, S. Shah
Objective: To compare the efficacy of ferrous sulphate versus iron Polymaltose complex (IPC) in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: Department of Pediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan from Jan 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: A total of 150 children with IDA were included. At baseline, blood sample was obtained for assessment of hemoglobin level. Then children were randomly divided in two groups. In Group-A (n=75), patients were given ferrous sulphate while in In Group-B (n=75), IPC was given. After 12-weeks of treatment, hemoglobin level was assessed. Efficacy was labeled as “yes” if there was 2 g/dl hemoglobin improvement. Results: In a total of 150 children, the mean age in Group-A was 6.56±2.33 years and 6.05±2.78 years in Group-B. In group A, there were 37 (49.3%) males and 38 (50.7%) females while in Group-B there were 35 (46.7%) males and 40 (53.3%) females. At baseline in group A, the mean hemoglobin level was 6.07±1.12 g/dl while in group B, it was 6.16±1.14 g/dl. After 12-weeks, in Group-A the mean hemoglobin level was 9.44±1.61 g/dl whereas in Group-B, it was 8.83±2.01 g/dl (p=0.0420). There was insignificant difference observed for efficacy in both groups (p-value = 0.051). Practical Implications: Both IPC and ferrous sulphate resulted in significant rise in hemoglobin levels but ferrous sulphate showed better results in comparison to IPC. Conclusion: Although in comparison to IPC, ferrous sulphate resulted in significantly better rise in hemoglobin levels among children with IDA, but overall efficacy between the two studied drugs was relatively similar. Keywords: Ferrous sulphate, iron Polymaltose complex, iron deficiency anemia.
{"title":"Comparison of Ferrous Sulphate Versus Iron Polymaltose Complex in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children","authors":"Saeed Zaman, Masud Khan, Samina Tabussam, S. Nawaz, A. Ayub, S. Shah","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610308","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the efficacy of ferrous sulphate versus iron Polymaltose complex (IPC) in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: Department of Pediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan from Jan 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: A total of 150 children with IDA were included. At baseline, blood sample was obtained for assessment of hemoglobin level. Then children were randomly divided in two groups. In Group-A (n=75), patients were given ferrous sulphate while in In Group-B (n=75), IPC was given. After 12-weeks of treatment, hemoglobin level was assessed. Efficacy was labeled as “yes” if there was 2 g/dl hemoglobin improvement. Results: In a total of 150 children, the mean age in Group-A was 6.56±2.33 years and 6.05±2.78 years in Group-B. In group A, there were 37 (49.3%) males and 38 (50.7%) females while in Group-B there were 35 (46.7%) males and 40 (53.3%) females. At baseline in group A, the mean hemoglobin level was 6.07±1.12 g/dl while in group B, it was 6.16±1.14 g/dl. After 12-weeks, in Group-A the mean hemoglobin level was 9.44±1.61 g/dl whereas in Group-B, it was 8.83±2.01 g/dl (p=0.0420). There was insignificant difference observed for efficacy in both groups (p-value = 0.051). Practical Implications: Both IPC and ferrous sulphate resulted in significant rise in hemoglobin levels but ferrous sulphate showed better results in comparison to IPC. Conclusion: Although in comparison to IPC, ferrous sulphate resulted in significantly better rise in hemoglobin levels among children with IDA, but overall efficacy between the two studied drugs was relatively similar. Keywords: Ferrous sulphate, iron Polymaltose complex, iron deficiency anemia.","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123671713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hassan, Muhammad Amim Anwar, Syed Nouman Ahmed, Aqil Qayyum, M. Arshed
Background: Anesthesia is essential in the treatment of postoperative pain. Epidural analgesia and trans versus abdominis plane (TAP) block are possible options for analgesia for abdominal surgery. Objective: The main objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of epidural bupivacaine and trans versus abdominus plane (TAP) block to provide better post-operative pain relief in total abdominal hysterectomy. Study design and place of study: This study was a prospective randomized control trial conducted at Department of anesthesiology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi for the period July 2017- July, 2018. Methods: Total 101 patients were enrolled thorough pre anesthetic assessment before surgery and an informed and written consent was obtained. Patients were allocated in group A and B after taking all ASA monitoring, participants in group A had an epidural catheter passed while Group B patients were given transversus abdominis plane block intra-operatively. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was used to assess anxiety levels. Statistical test like the chi-square test was used, with a p-value of 0.05 being considered statistically significant Results: Total 101 participants enrolled, the average age was 45.48 ± 1.06 (Age Rang 30-60years). The mean age of patient in Epidural Group was 47.02± 7.62 as ccompared with TAP Block Group was 43.56± 13.35 with p-value 0.007. Majority of the patients has ASA II, 39(61.9%) and 24(38.1%) respectively with p-value 0.240. Pain score at 10 minutes in epidural and TAP Block was reported as 2.16±2.1o and 3.0±2.94 (mild pain) with p-value 0.000 while after 6 hours, the VAS pain score showed mild pain in epidural group as 1.96±1.67 but moderate to severe pain was observed in TAP block patients as 4.28±1.56 with insignificant p-value 0.162. Study findings will help care taker staff for Post-Operative Pain Relief after the surgery , the benefits of single shot TAP block could be of advantage in situations where epidural analgesia is contraindicated or not desired. Conclusion: The study concluded better pain relief in patients with epidural bupivacaine when compared with TAP block. Keywords: TAP Transversus Abdominus Plane ASA Physical Status Score VAS Visual Analogue Scale Epidural block, postoperative pain relief, Total Abdominal Hysterectomy, Transversus Abdominis Plane Block
{"title":"A Comparison between the Post-Operative Pain Relief in Total Hystrectomy with Epidural Bupivacaine and TAP Block","authors":"S. Hassan, Muhammad Amim Anwar, Syed Nouman Ahmed, Aqil Qayyum, M. Arshed","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs221610230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610230","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anesthesia is essential in the treatment of postoperative pain. Epidural analgesia and trans versus abdominis plane (TAP) block are possible options for analgesia for abdominal surgery. Objective: The main objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of epidural bupivacaine and trans versus abdominus plane (TAP) block to provide better post-operative pain relief in total abdominal hysterectomy. Study design and place of study: This study was a prospective randomized control trial conducted at Department of anesthesiology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi for the period July 2017- July, 2018. Methods: Total 101 patients were enrolled thorough pre anesthetic assessment before surgery and an informed and written consent was obtained. Patients were allocated in group A and B after taking all ASA monitoring, participants in group A had an epidural catheter passed while Group B patients were given transversus abdominis plane block intra-operatively. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was used to assess anxiety levels. Statistical test like the chi-square test was used, with a p-value of 0.05 being considered statistically significant Results: Total 101 participants enrolled, the average age was 45.48 ± 1.06 (Age Rang 30-60years). The mean age of patient in Epidural Group was 47.02± 7.62 as ccompared with TAP Block Group was 43.56± 13.35 with p-value 0.007. Majority of the patients has ASA II, 39(61.9%) and 24(38.1%) respectively with p-value 0.240. Pain score at 10 minutes in epidural and TAP Block was reported as 2.16±2.1o and 3.0±2.94 (mild pain) with p-value 0.000 while after 6 hours, the VAS pain score showed mild pain in epidural group as 1.96±1.67 but moderate to severe pain was observed in TAP block patients as 4.28±1.56 with insignificant p-value 0.162. Study findings will help care taker staff for Post-Operative Pain Relief after the surgery , the benefits of single shot TAP block could be of advantage in situations where epidural analgesia is contraindicated or not desired. Conclusion: The study concluded better pain relief in patients with epidural bupivacaine when compared with TAP block. Keywords: TAP Transversus Abdominus Plane ASA Physical Status Score VAS Visual Analogue Scale Epidural block, postoperative pain relief, Total Abdominal Hysterectomy, Transversus Abdominis Plane Block","PeriodicalId":296492,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126449433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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