Z. F. Albahash, M. Sharba, Bahaa Aldin Abass Hasan
A rear underrun protection device (RUPD) plays a fundamental role in reducing the risk of running a small car beneath the rear or the side of a heavy truck because of the difference in structure heights in the event of a vehicle collision. Even in cars with five-star safety ratings, crashing into a truck with poorly designed RUPD results in a passenger compartment intrusion (PCI) more than the maximum allowable limit as per the United States (US) American National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standards Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS). In this article, mild steel was used to fabricate the new designs of RUPD. The design was analyzed using finite element (FE) analysis LS-DYNA software. Simulations of a Toyota Yaris 2010 and Ford Taurus 2001 were performed at a constant speed of 63 km/h at the time of impact. The ability to prevent severe injuries in a collision with the rear side of the truck was estimated to optimize the underrun design. The new design has achieved the goal of decreasing the head acceleration beyond the limit, which is less than 60 g. It has achieved a reduction in acceleration by 66.116% and zero PCIs even in collisions with different safety ratings cars.
{"title":"Crashworthiness Performance of Rear Underrun Protection Device under\u0000 Simulated Car Collision","authors":"Z. F. Albahash, M. Sharba, Bahaa Aldin Abass Hasan","doi":"10.4271/15-16-03-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-03-0014","url":null,"abstract":"A rear underrun protection device (RUPD) plays a fundamental role in reducing the\u0000 risk of running a small car beneath the rear or the side of a heavy truck\u0000 because of the difference in structure heights in the event of a vehicle\u0000 collision. Even in cars with five-star safety ratings, crashing into a truck\u0000 with poorly designed RUPD results in a passenger compartment intrusion (PCI)\u0000 more than the maximum allowable limit as per the United States (US) American\u0000 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standards Federal Motor\u0000 Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS). In this article, mild steel was used to\u0000 fabricate the new designs of RUPD. The design was analyzed using finite element\u0000 (FE) analysis LS-DYNA software. Simulations of a Toyota Yaris 2010 and Ford\u0000 Taurus 2001 were performed at a constant speed of 63 km/h at the time of impact.\u0000 The ability to prevent severe injuries in a collision with the rear side of the\u0000 truck was estimated to optimize the underrun design. The new design has achieved\u0000 the goal of decreasing the head acceleration beyond the limit, which is less\u0000 than 60 g. It has achieved a reduction in acceleration by 66.116% and zero PCIs\u0000 even in collisions with different safety ratings cars.","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47016254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jamadar, P. Devikiran, H. Kumar, Sharnappa Joladarshi
Most of the control strategies presented to date are based on either the velocities or displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel which are derived by filtering and converting the data from the accelerometer. This increases the computational load and therefore directly affects the performance of the semiactive suspension system. This study presents a control strategy purely based on the acceleration for semiactive control of vehicle suspension with a magneto-rheological MR damper. The effectiveness of the acceleration-based skyhook (ASH) control strategy is compared with the existing velocity-based skyhook (VSH) control strategy based on the vibration response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. The effectiveness of ASH is evaluated experimentally, and the reaction time is evaluated analytically. The experimental results revealed that the ASH reduces the peak displacement and peak acceleration of the mass under the free vibration test and also improves the settling time as compared to VSH. The amplitude of the displacement and acceleration was also found to be reduced under the forced vibration test with maximum improvement observed during high-frequency excitation. The reaction time of ASH was also found to be considerably lower than VSH. Therefore, it was learned that the proposed ASH performed better under high-frequency excitation than under lower-frequency excitation. Moreover, the lower reaction time of the ASH could improve the overall performance of the semiactive suspension system.
{"title":"Experimental and Analytical Evaluation of an Acceleration-Based\u0000 Semiactive Control Strategy for Automotive Suspension Systems with\u0000 Magneto-Rheological Damper","authors":"M. Jamadar, P. Devikiran, H. Kumar, Sharnappa Joladarshi","doi":"10.4271/15-16-03-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-03-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the control strategies presented to date are based on either the\u0000 velocities or displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel which are derived\u0000 by filtering and converting the data from the accelerometer. This increases the\u0000 computational load and therefore directly affects the performance of the\u0000 semiactive suspension system. This study presents a control strategy purely\u0000 based on the acceleration for semiactive control of vehicle suspension with a\u0000 magneto-rheological MR damper. The effectiveness of the acceleration-based\u0000 skyhook (ASH) control strategy is compared with the existing velocity-based\u0000 skyhook (VSH) control strategy based on the vibration response of a\u0000 single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. The effectiveness of ASH is evaluated\u0000 experimentally, and the reaction time is evaluated analytically. The\u0000 experimental results revealed that the ASH reduces the peak displacement and\u0000 peak acceleration of the mass under the free vibration test and also improves\u0000 the settling time as compared to VSH. The amplitude of the displacement and\u0000 acceleration was also found to be reduced under the forced vibration test with\u0000 maximum improvement observed during high-frequency excitation. The reaction time\u0000 of ASH was also found to be considerably lower than VSH. Therefore, it was\u0000 learned that the proposed ASH performed better under high-frequency excitation\u0000 than under lower-frequency excitation. Moreover, the lower reaction time of the\u0000 ASH could improve the overall performance of the semiactive suspension\u0000 system.","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42108508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiming to improve the lateral instability of adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems, both the front and rear vehicles are considered the centers of two control strategies. A vehicle control system is designed to enable the vehicle to automatically find the best following distance based on the displacement and speeds of the front and rear vehicles, hence enhancing driver assistance, traffic efficiency, and road utilization ratio. A practical model predictive control is designed to improve performance, responsiveness, and minor discomfort. A quadratic programming (QP) solver is used to construct an error preview-based mathematical model for the vehicle control, which is then applied to improve the control performance of the system to achieve relative intervehicle distance control. The time sampling of the parameters and the prediction horizon are obtained by numerical simulation, verifying the effectiveness of the ACC system proposed.
{"title":"Adaptive Cruise Control Based on a Model Predictive Controller\u0000 Considering the Driving Behavior of the Front and Rear Vehicles","authors":"Al-amin Umar Yakubu, Geng Guoqing, Shen Qingyuan","doi":"10.4271/15-16-03-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-03-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming to improve the lateral instability of adaptive cruise control (ACC)\u0000 systems, both the front and rear vehicles are considered the centers of two\u0000 control strategies. A vehicle control system is designed to enable the vehicle\u0000 to automatically find the best following distance based on the displacement and\u0000 speeds of the front and rear vehicles, hence enhancing driver assistance,\u0000 traffic efficiency, and road utilization ratio. A practical model predictive\u0000 control is designed to improve performance, responsiveness, and minor\u0000 discomfort. A quadratic programming (QP) solver is used to construct an error\u0000 preview-based mathematical model for the vehicle control, which is then applied\u0000 to improve the control performance of the system to achieve relative\u0000 intervehicle distance control. The time sampling of the parameters and the\u0000 prediction horizon are obtained by numerical simulation, verifying the\u0000 effectiveness of the ACC system proposed.","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model-Based Systems Engineering of the Aft Collision Assist Advanced\u0000 Driver Assistance System","authors":"Andrew Rictor, Chandra V. Chandrasekar","doi":"10.4271/15-16-03-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-03-0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48103883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ERRATUM: Performance Margin for Geometric Road Design","authors":"Yong-suk Kang, J. Ferris","doi":"10.4271/06-11-04-0022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/06-11-04-0022.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49265488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sub-zero Quasi-static and Fatigue Behavior of SAE 1040 Automotive Anti-roll Bars in Flexure","authors":"","doi":"10.4271/15-16-02-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-02-0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70624144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linear and Nonlinear Kinematic Design of Multilink\u0000 Suspension","authors":"Yansong Huang, Tobias Brandin, B. Jacobson","doi":"10.4271/15-16-02-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-02-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43156478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Modeling and Control of Fuel Cell Vehicle Integrated\u0000 Thermal Management System","authors":"Xiaohua Zeng, Shupeng Wang, D. Song, Jing Ning","doi":"10.4271/15-16-02-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-02-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48445210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingzi Xiao, Qingyang Wang, Xijia Zhu, Han Bu, Tao Huang, Xiayi Yuan, L-s Gan, David B. Sims-Willias
{"title":"Representative On-Road Aerodynamic Yaw Angle Distribution in China\u0000 for Vehicle Development","authors":"Lingzi Xiao, Qingyang Wang, Xijia Zhu, Han Bu, Tao Huang, Xiayi Yuan, L-s Gan, David B. Sims-Willias","doi":"10.4271/15-16-02-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-02-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29661,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47755473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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