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Hung Yao-Hsün And Japanese Philosophy 洪耀雄;与日本哲学
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2021.0008
Fujita Masakatsu, Cheung Ching-yuen
Abstract:Hung Yao-hsün is the founder of philosophical research in Taiwan. He is strongly influenced by Mutai Risaku, who is a disciple of Nishida Kitarō and the first philosophy professor at Taihoku Imperial University. I will discuss how Hung developed his thoughts and philosophical research in Taiwan, and what the role of Japanese philosophy was. In his first essay titled "Philosophical Problems Today," Hung Yao-hsün praised Heidegger's philosophy of "existence." However, Hung later criticized Heidegger's philosophy, claiming that contradiction and negativity in dialectics are not sufficiently considered. This criticism shows Hung's influence from Mutai Risaku. In "Art and Philosophy (Especially on Their Relationship to Historical Society)," Hung emphasizes the importance of a real foundation (species as substratum) in the development of literature and art. This is based on Tanabe's "logic of species." The significance of Hung Yao-hsün's thought does not lie in his understanding of Tanabe's notion of species as a mere logical mediation, but in the interpretation of the species as an "actual foundation of life" and in the idea of cultural creation based on the historical and social characteristics of Taiwan.
摘要:洪耀雄是台湾哲学研究的奠基人。他深受西田北井的弟子、Taihoku Imperial University的第一位哲学教授Mutai Risaku的影响。我将讨论洪先生是如何在台湾发展他的思想和哲学研究的,以及日本哲学的作用是什么。洪耀汉在他的第一篇文章《今天的哲学问题》中赞扬了海德格尔的“存在”哲学。然而,洪后来批评海德格尔的哲学,认为辩证法中的矛盾和否定性没有得到充分的考虑。这一批评表明洪秀柱受到木太里作的影响。在《艺术与哲学(尤其是与历史社会的关系)》中,洪强调了文学艺术发展的真正基础(以物种为基质)的重要性。这是基于田边的“物种逻辑”。洪耀雄思想的意义不在于他将田边的物种概念理解为一种单纯的逻辑中介,而在于他将物种解释为一种“生命的实际基础”,以及基于台湾历史和社会特征的文化创造理念。
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引用次数: 0
Hung Yao-Hsün and the Kyoto School: Philosophical Exchange in the Japanese Colonial Period 洪耀雄与京都学派:日本殖民时期的哲学交流
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2021.0001
Yoshinobu Shino
Abstract:Hung Yao-hsün is one of founders of modern Taiwanese philosophy. He was educated in philosophy in Japan, the suzerain, and published several articles in Japanese. He developed his study under the influence of contemporary Japanese scholars such as Nishida Kitarō, Tanabe Hajime, Watsuji Tetsurō, Mutai Risaku, and so on. His main concern resided in the ontological relation between the individual and the world, and "existence" was a keyword throughout his life. However, he avoided using it in his articles entitled "Art and Philosophy" and "On Climatic Surroundings and Culture," written in 1936. In these papers, alluding to an idea of Tanabe, Hung discussed the role of "the specific substance" which served to mediate the individual and the world. Referring to the analysis of Watsuji on fūdo (climatic surroundings and culture), he mentioned the specific status of Taiwan in this context, but he could only find its historical peculiarities. This meant an approval of Japanese rule on Taiwan at that time. It is perhaps in order to avoid this conclusion that Hung introduced the idea of "the logic of the expressive world" by Mutai, who criticized Tanabe's logic of the specific. After these two papers, Hung returned to devote himself to the problem of existence. The development of his study reflects the contemporary discussion of Japanese scholars and provides a perspective for rethinking the "Japanese philosophy."
摘要:洪耀雄是台湾近代哲学的奠基人之一。他在宗主国日本接受哲学教育,并用日语发表了几篇文章。他的研究受到了日本当代学者西田北辰、田边元、渡司哲郎、武太理作等人的影响。他主要关注个人与世界的本体论关系,“存在”是他一生的关键词。然而,他在1936年写的题为《艺术与哲学》和《论气候环境与文化》的文章中避免使用这个词。在这些论文中,洪暗指田边的一个想法,讨论了“特定物质”的作用,它调解了个人和世界。参考Watsuji对fūdo(气候环境和文化)的分析,他提到了台湾在这个背景下的具体地位,但他只能找到它的历史特殊性。这意味着承认日本在当时对台湾的统治。也许正是为了避免这一结论,洪秀柱引入了批评田边具体逻辑的木太的“表现世界的逻辑”的思想。在这两篇论文之后,洪又回到了存在的问题上。他的研究发展反映了当代日本学者的讨论,为重新思考“日本哲学”提供了一个视角。
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引用次数: 0
The Continuity Between Hung Yao-Hsün's Early And Late Philosophy 洪早期与晚期哲学的连续性
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2021.0002
Tzu-wei Hung
Abstract:Hung Yao-hsün (1903–1986) is one of the most creative, albeit long overlooked, thinkers in Japanese-ruled Taiwan (1895–1945). This paper's aim is threefold. It first argues that while Hung's early philosophy was rooted in the Kyoto school, he is a key founder of the Sit-chûn movement of Taiwanese philosophy. It next shows that during Taiwan's martial law (1949–1987), Hung's thought features a "Buddhist turn," in which Zen is incorporated within existentialism. Third, while this turn is a sharp contrast to his prewar philosophical activism, Hung's last work stressed Abraham Kaplan's (1918–1993) view that philosophy should be connected to one's life experience, echoing Hung's prewar usage of fūdo in justifying Taiwan's cultural subjectivity. In other words, there is an implicit continuity between his early and late philosophy.
摘要:洪耀勋(1903—1986)是日治台湾(1895—1945)最具创造性但却被长期忽视的思想家之一。本文的目的有三个。文章首先指出,洪早期的哲学渊源于京都学派,但他却是台湾哲学西顿运动的重要奠基者。其次,在台湾戒严期间(1949年-1987年),洪的思想以“佛教转向”为特征,将禅宗融入存在主义。第三,尽管这一转变与洪磊战前的哲学激进主义形成了鲜明对比,但洪磊的最后一部作品强调了亚伯拉罕·卡普兰(1918–1993)的哲学应该与生活经验联系在一起的观点,呼应了洪磊战前在证明台湾文化主体性时使用的fúdo。换句话说,他的早期和晚期哲学之间有一种隐含的连续性。
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引用次数: 1
Kyōto In Davos. The Question Of The Human From A Cross-Cultural Vantage Point Kyōto在达沃斯。从跨文化的优势看人的问题
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2021.0006
Ralf Müller
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引用次数: 0
Existential Engagement: Philosophy in Taiwan, the Japanese Era ed. by Hung Tzu-wei (review) 《生存参与:台湾哲学,日本时代》,洪主编(综述)
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2021.0004
Fengjuan Wu
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引用次数: 1
Inoue Tetsujirō (井上哲次郎, 1855–1944): The Confucian Way and the Wayward Confucian 井上哲二(1855-1944):《儒家之道与任性的儒家》
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2020.0000
T. Kasulis
Abstract:There is no arguing the impact of Inoue Tetsujirō on the development of philosophy in Japan from the Meiji Restoration through the end of the Pacific War. He was the first Japanese to receive a doctorate in philosophy from Germany and the first native-born chair of the philosophy department at Tokyo Imperial University, the training center for almost all the major Japanese philosophers who graduated before 1915. Inoue was instrumental in making German idealism the Western philosophy of choice for Japan, but he also appreciated Asian traditions as well, having no qualms about claiming there was true philosophy in India, China, and premodern Japan. He set the foundation for academic philosophy in Japan not so much through his own rather simplistic personal philosophy, but especially through his contributions to the organization of the field. This article focuses mainly on Inoue's troubled relation with Confucianism. On one hand, in seeking a premodern philosophy to serve as the bedrock for modern Japan, Inoue looked to the Edo-period (1601–1868) Confucian traditions originating in China. He divided them into Shushigaku (朱子学, the Zhu Xi school), Yōmeigaku (陽明学, the Wang Yangming school), and what he named Kogaku (古学), the school focusing on classical texts preceding neo-Confucian developments and interpretations. In many respects, like so many others of his generation, Inoue was by training and personal preference a Confucian. That is not the whole story, however. Inoue understood Confucianism's primary purpose as cultivating the social values and order that would ensure an efficient society of human flourishing, stability, and harmony. Yet, he also likely suspected that the people of the new Japan, with its modernization and plethora of Western ideas, would not unquestioningly accept the authority of the Confucian classics, nor be willing to undertake the rigors of textual study that are the hallmark of the Confucian scholar. In Edo-period Japan, that study had been the responsibility of the samurai class, but in their democratization program, the Meiji reformers had abolished the old class system. Education of the young would now shift from the Confucian academies to the new public school system. Always cooperative with the government to the point of being obsequious, Inoue took a leading role in the National Morality program and its installment in the nationwide school curriculum. That curriculum combined a Shinto-based reverence for the sacred nature of the emperor in the kokutai (国体) ideology along with practical moralistic values that could be loosely called Confucian. Yet, if schooling for most was limited to the elementary level and if there was no longer a samurai class to oversee the moral behavior of the society, who could nurture and enforce the moral order? Through a set of fortuitous events, Inoue "discovered" bushidō (武士道), the Way of the warrior. If there were no longer a samurai warrior class, perhaps all Japanese could bec
摘要:从明治维新到太平洋战争结束,井上哲二对日本哲学发展的影响是毋庸置疑的。他是第一位从德国获得哲学博士学位的日本人,也是第一位土生土长的东京帝国大学哲学系主任。东京帝国大学是1915年之前毕业的几乎所有日本主要哲学家的培训中心。井上在使德国唯心主义成为日本选择的西方哲学方面发挥了重要作用,但他也欣赏亚洲传统,毫不犹豫地宣称印度、中国和前现代日本都有真正的哲学。他为日本的学术哲学奠定了基础,与其说是通过他自己过于简单的个人哲学,不如说是通过对该领域组织的贡献。本文主要探讨井上与儒学的纠葛关系。一方面,在寻求作为现代日本基石的前现代哲学时,井上着眼于源自中国的江户时代(1601–1868)的儒家传统。他把他们分成Shushigaku(朱子学, Xi学校)(陽明学, 王阳明学派),以及他所命名的Kogaku(古学), 该学派专注于新儒家发展和阐释之前的古典文本。在许多方面,像他那一代的许多其他人一样,井上在训练和个人喜好方面都是一个儒家。然而,这并不是故事的全部。井上理解儒家的主要目的是培养社会价值观和秩序,以确保人类繁荣、稳定与和谐的高效社会。然而,他也可能怀疑,现代化和西方思想泛滥的新日本人民,不会毫无疑问地接受儒家经典的权威,也不愿意承担作为儒家学者标志的严格的考据研究。在日本江户时代,这项研究一直是武士阶层的责任,但在他们的民主化计划中,明治维新派废除了旧的阶级制度。现在,年轻人的教育将从儒家学院转向新的公立学校系统。井上总是与政府合作到谄媚的地步,在国民道德计划及其在全国学校课程中的实施中发挥了主导作用。该课程结合了基于神道教的对天皇神圣本质的崇敬(国体) 意识形态以及可以被松散地称为儒家的实际道德价值观。然而,如果大多数人的教育仅限于初级水平,如果不再有武士阶层来监督社会的道德行为,谁能培育和执行道德秩序?通过一系列偶然的事件,井上“发现”了武士道(武士道), 战士之道。如果不再有武士阶层,也许所有日本人都可以成为事实上的武士——至少在他们的心态中是这样。大多数人可能不再有学术技能和时间从儒家文本中收集他们的精神和道德见解。然而,他们可以在日本血统中所承载的古代日本独特的心灵和精神中找到忠诚、真诚、谨慎和遵守资历的美德。井上哲二的儒家思想发生了什么?它的一些价值观被吸收到《儒林外史》和《国德》中,但儒家的实践和儒家的理想(君子) 似乎已经失去了,这对日本来说是非常不利的。
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引用次数: 0
In Search of a Transmodern Paradigm: Nature in Imanishi's "Natural Science" and Fukuoka's "Natural Farming" 寻找一种跨现代的范式:今西“自然科学”与福冈“自然农耕”中的自然
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2020.0001
A. Berque
Abstract:A transmodern conception of nature is proposed, sublating (aufhebend) the Aristotelian logic of the identity of the subject and the Nishidian paleologic of the identity of the predicate, and discussing, as concrete examples, Imanishi's theory of evolution and Fukuoka's natural farming.
摘要:本文提出了一种超现代的自然观,扬弃了亚里士多德的主体同一性逻辑和西田的谓词同一性逻辑,并以今西的进化论和福冈的自然耕作论为例进行了具体讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Watsuji Tetsurō's Global Ethics of Emptiness: A Contemporary Look at a Modern Japanese Philosopher by Anton Luis Sevilla (review) 安东·路易斯·塞维利亚的Watsuji Tetsurō的《空虚的全球伦理:现代日本哲学家的当代视角》(综述)
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2020.0005
E. Vickers
As the title of this book indicates, Sevilla is here inviting Anglophone readers to consider Watsuji Tetsurō not just as an exotic Japanese curiosity, but as a philosopher of “global” relevance. Indeed, not only that, but also—given his status as one of Palgrave’s “Global Political Thinkers”— as a figure whose ideas might inform better engagement with the ethical challenges of public and communal life in an increasingly globalized world. What are these challenges? Though mostly implied rather than explicitly spelled out, it is clear that Sevilla sees them as encompassing an individualist, profit-oriented, and profoundly dysfunctional model of capitalism that is environmentally rapacious, socially corrosive, and implicated in the contemporary resurgence of populist nationalism. Today’s landscape of global populism—featuring Brexit, Trump, Modi, Duterte, Xi Jinping, and, yes, Abe Shinzo and the Nippon Kaigi—has prompted numerous comparisons with an earlier era of capitalist crisis and resurgent nationalism: the 1930s. Then, nowhere was more profoundly affected than Japan by the cataclysmic breakdown of the liberal-capitalist global order. And that decade supplied the “milieu” ( fūdo 風土), to use his own term, in which Watsuji embarked on Ethics, his magnum opus. Sevilla argues that Watsuji’s efforts to articulate a coherent ethical worldview offer lessons for us as we grapple with the not entirely dissimilar challenges of the early twenty-first century. In doing so, he is conscious of entering something of a minefield. Watsuji has been seen by many scholars, both Japanese and non-Japanese, as a fellow traveler, if not active cheerleader, for the chauvinistic Japanism that inspired the violent drive for “East Asian Co-Prosperity.” Sevilla does not seek to dodge this charge on Watsuji’s behalf and concedes the totalitarian
正如这本书的标题所示,塞维利亚在这里邀请讲英语的读者,不仅将太上武司视为一个充满异国情调的日本好奇心,而且将其视为一位具有“全球”相关性的哲学家。事实上,不仅如此,而且考虑到他作为帕尔格雷夫的“全球政治思想家”之一的地位,他的思想可能会为在日益全球化的世界中更好地应对公共和社区生活的道德挑战提供信息。这些挑战是什么?尽管大多是隐含的,而不是明确的阐述,但很明显,塞维利亚认为它们包含了一种个人主义、以利润为导向、功能严重失调的资本主义模式,这种模式对环境贪婪,对社会具有腐蚀性,并与民粹主义民族主义的当代复兴有关。 当时,自由资本主义全球秩序的灾难性崩溃对日本的影响最为深远。那十年提供了“环境”風土), 使用他自己的术语,Watsuji在其中开始了他的代表作《伦理学》。塞维利亚认为,Watsuji为阐明连贯的道德世界观所做的努力为我们应对21世纪初并非完全不同的挑战提供了教训。在这样做的过程中,他意识到自己进入了某种雷区。许多学者,无论是日本人还是非日本人,都认为Watsuji是沙文主义日本主义的同路人,如果不是积极的啦啦队队长的话。沙文主义的日本主义激发了“东亚共同繁荣”的暴力运动。塞维利亚并不试图代表Watsuji回避这一指控,而是承认极权主义
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引用次数: 7
Nishida's Resistance to Western Constructions of Religion 西田对西方宗教建构的抵制
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2020.0003
Dennis Stromback
Abstract:It has been common to frame Nishida Kitarō's philosophy (西田哲学) as an attempt to overcome Western modernity, but what has been downplayed in this reading is how Nishida redefines the concept of religion in a way that undermines the secular-religion binary formulated in Western modernity. Nishida's view of religion, as both a structuring logic of historical reality and as an existential form of awareness, with its own epistemological criteria, contrasts with Western accounts of religion, which has assumed religion to be a form opposite to the real. By designating religion as a logical category that structures the real, Nishida's philosophy of religion seeks to liberate the races, cultures, and ethnicities of the world that have been historically subordinated to the West by giving them an epistemological footing to assert and participate in a world dialogue. In this sense, Nishida's religious standpoint offers a way to think critically about the "problem of religion" and presents a discussion that speaks to some of the issues raised within postcolonial studies.
摘要:人们通常将北田的哲学定义为一种克服西方现代性的尝试,但在本文的解读中,西田如何重新定义宗教概念,从而破坏了西方现代性中形成的世俗-宗教二元观念,这一点被淡化了。西田的宗教观,既是历史现实的结构逻辑,也是意识的存在形式,有自己的认识论标准,与西方的宗教描述形成鲜明对比,后者认为宗教是一种与现实相反的形式。通过将宗教指定为构建现实的逻辑范畴,西田的宗教哲学试图解放历史上一直从属于西方的世界上的种族、文化和民族,给他们一个认识论的基础来主张和参与世界对话。从这个意义上说,西田的宗教立场提供了一种批判性地思考“宗教问题”的方式,并提出了一种讨论后殖民研究中提出的一些问题的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophie im gegenwärtigen Japan by Hans-Peter Liederbach (review) 同志们同志们
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.1353/jjp.2020.0006
Steffen Döll
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Japanese Philosophy
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