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2020 5th International Conference on Robotics and Automation Engineering (ICRAE)最新文献

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Improved YOLO-V3 Workpiece Detection Method for Sorting 改进的YOLO-V3工件检测分选方法
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310804
Jinmin Peng, Wenyu Liu, Tongfei You, Binglong Wu
Aiming at the problems of insufficient workpiece identification and detection accuracy in industrial scenes and difficulty in positioning multiple workpieces, a detection algorithm for identifying workpieces is proposed. Based on the YOLO-V3 algorithm, the network structure and multi-scale detection are improved, and the idea of hollow convolution is introduced. The residual dense block is used to replace the residual block in the original algorithm and combined with the convolutional layer to enhance the network's extraction of workpiece feature information. The original 3 scale detection is increased to 5 scale detection to improve the detection ability of small objects, Through the hollow convolution to expand the feature map of the workpiece to assist the network to extract deep-level object features, use the Kinect v2 sensor to collect the image of the workpiece and make it into a data set, the improved algorithm is tested on the data set, the experimental results show: The average detection accuracy of the workpiece reaches 92.98%, which is about 5% higher than the accuracy of the original algorithm. The combination of this method and robot grasping technology can replace manual labor to effectively complete the sorting of workpieces in industrial scenes.
针对工业场景下工件识别检测精度不足、多工件定位困难等问题,提出了一种用于工件识别的检测算法。在YOLO-V3算法的基础上,改进了网络结构和多尺度检测,并引入了空心卷积的思想。用残差密集块代替原算法中的残差块,并结合卷积层增强网络对工件特征信息的提取。将原来的3尺度检测提高到5尺度检测,提高对小物体的检测能力,通过中空卷积扩展工件的特征图辅助网络提取深层对象特征,利用Kinect v2传感器采集工件图像并将其制成数据集,在数据集上对改进算法进行测试,实验结果表明:工件的平均检测精度达到92.98%,比原算法的精度提高约5%。该方法与机器人抓取技术相结合,可以代替人工,有效完成工业场景中工件的分拣。
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引用次数: 1
Efficient Path Planning and Real-Time Obstacle Avoidance for Mobile Robots 移动机器人的有效路径规划与实时避障
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310866
Siyu Wan
With the development of modern technologies, intelligent mobile robots are widely needed. However, the challenges in path planning and obstacles avoiding for mobile robots still remain. When the obstacles dynamically appear and the robot does not know the exact location of the obstacles as well as the shape of the obstacles, how to conduct efficient path finding and obstacle avoiding is still open. In this paper, we investigate how a self-walking robot can observe and adopt efficient strategies to avoid the dynamic obstacles that appear in the way to the destination. We propose a practical robot navigation model while considering the dimension of the robot and the obstacles observed. Based on this model, efficient navigation algorithms are developed using the proposed techniques of surpassing, bypassing, and virtual blocks. Our experiment and implementation with V-REP shows that the proposed schemes are effective in path planning and obstacle avoiding.
随着现代技术的发展,智能移动机器人被广泛需要。然而,移动机器人在路径规划和避障方面的挑战仍然存在。当障碍物动态出现,机器人不知道障碍物的确切位置和形状时,如何进行有效的寻路和避障仍然是一个有待解决的问题。在本文中,我们研究了一个自行走机器人如何观察并采取有效的策略来避开在到达目的地的路上出现的动态障碍物。我们提出了一个实用的机器人导航模型,同时考虑了机器人的尺寸和观察到的障碍物。在此模型的基础上,利用所提出的超越、绕过和虚拟块技术开发了高效的导航算法。在V-REP上的实验和实现表明,该方案在路径规划和避障方面是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
On the Reconfiguration of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots with Multiple Mobile Cranes 基于多移动起重机的缆索驱动并联机器人重构研究
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310900
Hor Tan, Latifah Nurahmi, B. Pramujati, S. Caro
This paper proposes a Cable-Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR) with three mobile cranes for search-and-rescue operations. Each mobile crane is composed of a reconfigurable telescopic boom which can be rotated. A cable is mounted from the tip of the telescopic boom to the end-effector. The locations of mobile cranes are fixed but the configuration of the telescopic boom can be adjusted to enlarge the workspace and to maintain the overall system in equilibrium. The static equilibrium of end-effector and mobile cranes is initially studied to determine the cable tension distribution and wrench-feasible-workspace. To guarantee all mobile cranes to be always in static equilibrium when executing a given task, the telescopic booms are reconfigured. Three case studies for the reconfigurable CDPR with multiple mobile cranes are presented to compare the tension distribution and workspace size.
提出了一种具有三台移动式起重机的索驱动并联搜救机器人(CDPR)。每台移动式起重机都由可旋转的可重构伸缩臂组成。从伸缩臂的尖端到末端执行器上安装了一根电缆。移动起重机的位置是固定的,但伸缩臂的结构可以调整,以扩大工作空间,保持整个系统的平衡。初步研究了末端执行器和移动式起重机的静力平衡,确定了钢丝绳张力分布和扳手可行工作空间。为了保证所有移动式起重机在执行给定任务时始终处于静态平衡状态,对伸缩臂进行了重新配置。针对多移动式起重机的可重构CDPR进行了三个实例分析,比较了其张力分布和工作空间大小。
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引用次数: 9
Trajectory Planner and Motion Control Solution for Automated Valet Parking Function 自动代客泊车功能的轨迹规划与运动控制解决方案
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310803
Z. Lipeng, Zhu Haifeng, Barbe David, Yang Xin, Chen Ting
AVL Company has been developing for several years autonomous driving technologies. This article describes the scope of trajectory planning and motion control algorithm and respective performances for the Automated Valet Parking (AVP) function. This function has been developed on an AVL vehicle demonstrator in Shanghai Technical Center (STC). The trajectory planner allows planning in structured environment given reference waypoints. During shuttling, typical Open Planner algorithm is applied for trajectory generation and selection. During parking maneuver, a combination of Hybrid A Star and Reeds-Shepp algorithm are used. Real time improvement of such combination is measured and compared with pure Hybrid A Star approach. Evaluation is performed both on Model in Loop (MiL) and on real vehicle. Additionally, a method to assess the real tests performance of the AVP function on AVL demonstrator vehicle using two different motion controllers is herein presented in order to provide a complete synthesis of challenges related to motion control.
AVL公司多年来一直致力于开发自动驾驶技术。本文介绍了自动代客泊车(AVP)功能的轨迹规划和运动控制算法的范围及其各自的性能。该功能已在上海技术中心(STC)的AVL车辆演示机上开发。轨迹规划器允许在给定参考路径点的结构化环境中进行规划。在穿梭过程中,采用典型的Open Planner算法进行轨迹生成和选择。在泊车机动过程中,采用了混合a星算法和reed - shepp算法相结合的方法。测量了这种组合的实时改进,并与纯混合A星方法进行了比较。对模型在环(MiL)和实际车辆进行了评估。此外,本文还提出了一种方法来评估AVP功能在AVL演示车上使用两种不同的运动控制器的真实测试性能,以便提供与运动控制相关的挑战的完整综合。
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引用次数: 0
Brain Computer Interface for Neurorehabilitation with Kinesthetic Feedback 基于动觉反馈的神经康复脑机接口
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310801
Adithya K, Saurabh Jacob Kuruvila, Sarang Pramode, Niranjana Krupa
This study aims to record and translate the process of motor imagery to enable orthotic extension and flexion of the finger. This study probes the feasibility of developing a Brain Computer Interface system by prioritizing - Data Acquisition, Deep Learning, and End Effector of the system. The optimal channels to record MI data were deduced using Recursive Feature Elimination from a sixty four channel online dataset. Eight electrode channels of the OpenBCI Cyton kit were used, covering the sensorimotor cortex region of five subjects to record electroencephalographic data by following a standardized EEG acquisition protocol. Classification of tasks was carried out on a custom deep learning architecture using a convolutional layer and LSTM. The results were passed to an orthotic brace that provided a kinesthetic feedback mechanism to improve grip strength and support the neurorehabilitation of its user.
本研究旨在记录和翻译运动意象的过程,以实现手指的矫形伸展和屈曲。本研究从数据采集、深度学习和末端执行器三个方面探讨了开发脑机接口系统的可行性。利用递归特征消去法从64个通道的在线数据集中推导出记录MI数据的最佳通道。使用OpenBCI Cyton试剂盒的8个电极通道,覆盖5名受试者的感觉运动皮层区域,按照标准化的EEG采集方案记录脑电图数据。在使用卷积层和LSTM的自定义深度学习架构上进行任务分类。结果传递给矫形支架,矫形支架提供动觉反馈机制,以提高握力并支持其使用者的神经康复。
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引用次数: 3
Accuracy Evaluation of a Lightweight Analytic Vehicle Dynamics Model for Maneuver Planning* 机动规划轻量化分析车辆动力学模型的精度评价*
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310898
J. Ziehn, M. Ruf, M. Roschani, J. Beyerer
Models for vehicle dynamics play an important role in maneuver planning for automated driving. They are used to derive trajectories from given control inputs, or to evaluate a given trajectory in terms of constraint violation or optimality criteria such as safety, comfort or ecology. Depending on the computation process, models with different assumptions and levels of detail are used; since maneuver planning usually has strong requirements for computation speed at a potentially high number of trajectory evaluations per planning cycle, most of the applied models aim to reduce complexity by implicitly or explicitly introducing simplifying assumptions. While evaluations show that these assumptions may be sufficiently valid under typical conditions, their effect has yet to be studied conclusively. We propose a model for vehicle dynamics that is convenient for maneuver planning by supporting both an analytic approach of extracting parameters from a given trajectory, and a generative approach of establishing a trajectory from given control inputs. Both applications of the model are evaluated in real-world test drives under dynamic conditions, both on a closed-off test track and on public roads, and effects arising from the simplifying assumptions are analyzed.
车辆动力学模型在自动驾驶机动规划中起着重要的作用。它们被用来从给定的控制输入中推导轨迹,或者根据约束违反或最优性标准(如安全性、舒适性或生态学)来评估给定轨迹。根据计算过程,使用具有不同假设和细节水平的模型;由于机动规划通常对计算速度有很强的要求,每个规划周期可能有大量的轨迹评估,因此大多数应用的模型旨在通过隐式或显式地引入简化假设来降低复杂性。虽然评价表明,这些假设在典型条件下可能是充分有效的,但它们的影响还有待最后研究。通过支持从给定轨迹中提取参数的解析方法和从给定控制输入中建立轨迹的生成方法,我们提出了一种便于机动规划的车辆动力学模型。在封闭测试轨道和公共道路的动态条件下,对模型的两种应用进行了评估,并分析了简化假设所产生的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Biological Optical AI and Bionic Optical AI 生物光学AI和仿生光学AI
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310880
A. Liang
We first found this inverted retina structure of human and vertebrates is biological optical AI, which is consisted of optical fiber couplers and saturable absorbers. In this paper, we study the strong fiber coupling effects among seven identical human foveal cones. We first found there are biological transistors and biological diodes on retinas and brains of human and other animals. We shall discuss bionic applications of optical AI as well.
我们首先发现人类和脊椎动物的这种倒置视网膜结构是生物光学AI,它由光纤耦合器和可饱和吸收器组成。本文研究了7个相同的人中央凹视锥之间的强纤维耦合效应。我们首先在人类和其他动物的视网膜和大脑中发现了生物晶体管和生物二极管。我们还将讨论光学人工智能的仿生应用。
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引用次数: 1
Combining Vision Sensing with Knowledge Database for Environmental Modeling in Dual-arm Robot Assembly Task 结合视觉感知与知识库的双臂机器人装配环境建模
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310867
Zhengwei Wang, Yahui Gan, X. Dai, Bo Zhou, Fang Fang
In this paper, focusing on the vision-based dual-arm collaborative assembly, a knowledge-based representation model is proposed. Different from the traditional assembly behavior in which the assembly parameters are obtained by fixing the assembly object at a specified position in a specified posture, the proposed model uses the prior knowledge bound to the model to generate assembly parameters through point cloud matching and calculation. To a certain extent, the dependence and restriction on the fixing device during the assembly process are eliminated. And the proposed is verified on ABB YuMi. The simulations prove that the proposed approach can achieve a good performance for assembly tasks.
针对基于视觉的双臂协同装配,提出了一种基于知识的双臂协同装配表示模型。与传统装配行为通过将装配对象固定在指定位置以指定姿态获得装配参数不同,该模型利用绑定到模型上的先验知识,通过点云匹配计算生成装配参数。在一定程度上消除了装配过程中对固定装置的依赖和限制。并在ABB YuMi上进行了验证。仿真结果表明,该方法对装配任务具有较好的性能。
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引用次数: 2
ICRAE 2020 Copyright Page ICRAE 2020版权页面
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/icrae50850.2020.9310889
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引用次数: 0
Health Monitoring of Flexible Structures Via Surface-mounted Microsensors: Network Optimization and Damage Detection 基于表面微传感器的柔性结构健康监测:网络优化和损伤检测
Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICRAE50850.2020.9310827
S. Mariani, S. E. Azam
Flexible and composite structures often develop hidden damages, e.g. cracks or delamination between laminae or phases. Such events could be sensed through embedded structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, but past experimental studies in the literature proved that embedding sensors for SHM purposes may decrease the reliability of the structure, as the sensor acts as an inclusion. In former studies, the authors proposed to adopt a surface-mounted SHM approach based on inertial MEMS (micro electro-mechanical systems) sensors, which has two advantages: it is low cost and also it avoids the afore-mentioned detrimental effects on the endurance limit state of the structure. However, the low accuracy of the MEMS sensors and the type of response that they can measure may hinder an effective monitoring of the structural state; this can be overcome through redundancy and an efficient sensor placement. In this article, an automated approach is discussed for obtaining the optimal topology of a sparse MEMS sensor network. In this regard, the scenarios are assumed unknown in terms of extent and location of stiffness degradation due to damage. The optimal sensor locations are obtained via maximization of the global sensitivity of the measurements to damage. The method can be also implemented in a multi-scale framework, to efficiently handle (micro) sensors, (meso) damaged regions and (macro) structural components of (by far) different sizes. Data related to composite specimens and panels are discussed, with the aim of assessing the identifiability of damage through self-adapting theoretical/numerical (digital) twins of the monitored structures.
柔性和复合结构经常出现隐性损伤,例如层或相之间的裂纹或分层。这些事件可以通过嵌入式结构健康监测(SHM)系统来感知,但过去文献中的实验研究证明,为SHM目的嵌入传感器可能会降低结构的可靠性,因为传感器充当了包含物。在以往的研究中,作者提出采用基于惯性MEMS(微机电系统)传感器的表面贴装SHM方法,该方法具有两大优点:一是成本低,二是避免了上述对结构耐久性极限状态的不利影响。然而,MEMS传感器的低精度和它们可以测量的响应类型可能会阻碍对结构状态的有效监测;这可以通过冗余和有效的传感器放置来克服。本文讨论了稀疏MEMS传感器网络最优拓扑的自动获取方法。在这方面,假设的情况是未知的程度和位置的刚度退化,由于损伤。通过最大化测量值对损伤的全局灵敏度来获得传感器的最佳位置。该方法还可以在多尺度框架中实现,以有效地处理(微观)传感器,(中观)损伤区域和(宏观)不同尺寸的结构部件。讨论了与复合材料试件和面板相关的数据,目的是通过监测结构的自适应理论/数值(数字)双胞胎来评估损伤的可识别性。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 5th International Conference on Robotics and Automation Engineering (ICRAE)
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