There is a significant worldwide demand for broadband communications capacity. Teledesic plans to meet this demand using a constellation of 924 low-Earth orbit (LEG) satellites operating in Ka-band (30/20 GHz). The Teledesic constellation incorporates over 100000 active-element phased-array antennas. Subscriber terminals will account for an additional 20 million antennas. The Teledesic network will be one of the major consumers of Ka-band GaAs MMICs in the late 1990's. Economies of scale will result in a low per subscriber cost.<>
{"title":"The Teledesic satellite system","authors":"M. Sturza","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316677","url":null,"abstract":"There is a significant worldwide demand for broadband communications capacity. Teledesic plans to meet this demand using a constellation of 924 low-Earth orbit (LEG) satellites operating in Ka-band (30/20 GHz). The Teledesic constellation incorporates over 100000 active-element phased-array antennas. Subscriber terminals will account for an additional 20 million antennas. The Teledesic network will be one of the major consumers of Ka-band GaAs MMICs in the late 1990's. Economies of scale will result in a low per subscriber cost.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"244 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115096894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper describes the operational concept of a demonstration of a system for emulating satellite cross link communications for command and control operations. As a possible future implementation of the USAF Satellite Control Network (AFSCN), connectivity to low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites may in the future be accomplished through synchronous relay satellites and not through the current terrestrial remote tracking station network. The space-based architecture studies, and the development of a demonstration system are both sponsored by the USAF.<>
{"title":"Emulating a space relay based system for satellite command and control using the NASA ACTS satellite and VSATs","authors":"F. Chethik, A. Reichner, T. Larson","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316666","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the operational concept of a demonstration of a system for emulating satellite cross link communications for command and control operations. As a possible future implementation of the USAF Satellite Control Network (AFSCN), connectivity to low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites may in the future be accomplished through synchronous relay satellites and not through the current terrestrial remote tracking station network. The space-based architecture studies, and the development of a demonstration system are both sponsored by the USAF.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"370 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132829943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increased traffic flow, mobility, safety, and decreasing T/R module costs, will lead the way for future air traffic control (ATC) radar systems to be based on GaAs active array radar (AAR) technology. In this paper, system tradeoffs and potential architectures are described for civil ATC radars and mobile military ATC radars. Current developments are provided in transmit-receive (T/R) module state of the art, the enabling technology. Discussions include the potential for large AARs with single or multiple arrays located at airport terminals to simultaneously undertake functions presently performed by the airport surveillance radar (ASR), the precision approach radar (PAR), the terminal Doppler weather radar (TDWR), and the airport surface detection equipment (ASDE) radars for increased performance at lower cost. These features are accomplished through the beam agility, wide bandwidth, multimode adaptive waveforms and power programming features only possible with the AAR.<>
{"title":"Active array radar systems applied to air traffic control","authors":"T. Brukiewa","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316700","url":null,"abstract":"Increased traffic flow, mobility, safety, and decreasing T/R module costs, will lead the way for future air traffic control (ATC) radar systems to be based on GaAs active array radar (AAR) technology. In this paper, system tradeoffs and potential architectures are described for civil ATC radars and mobile military ATC radars. Current developments are provided in transmit-receive (T/R) module state of the art, the enabling technology. Discussions include the potential for large AARs with single or multiple arrays located at airport terminals to simultaneously undertake functions presently performed by the airport surveillance radar (ASR), the precision approach radar (PAR), the terminal Doppler weather radar (TDWR), and the airport surface detection equipment (ASDE) radars for increased performance at lower cost. These features are accomplished through the beam agility, wide bandwidth, multimode adaptive waveforms and power programming features only possible with the AAR.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133621876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considers the internet transport protocol TCP for interconnection of Ethernets by satellite. Such an environment is an appropriate representative of currently available wide area networks. In this context, several approaches for extending TCP for use in a bandwidth-delay dominated network are considered. These are in particular the window scale, the NAK, the selective repeat and the Stutter XOR selective repeat option. A supplementary problem which arises in a satellite network is the differentiation of data losses due to congestion or noise. If a connection loses a packet due to the medium (a packet corrupted by an error), no congestion control is necessary. On the other hand, if a packet was dropped due to an overloading of limited resources in the network, congestion control has to be applied in order to give the network a chance to clear up. The simulative results show that in terms of performance the extensions and modifications yield remarkably better results than pure TCP.<>
{"title":"Improved TCP error control for heterogeneous WANs","authors":"M. Jolfaei, B. Heinrichs, M.R. Nazeman","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316647","url":null,"abstract":"Considers the internet transport protocol TCP for interconnection of Ethernets by satellite. Such an environment is an appropriate representative of currently available wide area networks. In this context, several approaches for extending TCP for use in a bandwidth-delay dominated network are considered. These are in particular the window scale, the NAK, the selective repeat and the Stutter XOR selective repeat option. A supplementary problem which arises in a satellite network is the differentiation of data losses due to congestion or noise. If a connection loses a packet due to the medium (a packet corrupted by an error), no congestion control is necessary. On the other hand, if a packet was dropped due to an overloading of limited resources in the network, congestion control has to be applied in order to give the network a chance to clear up. The simulative results show that in terms of performance the extensions and modifications yield remarkably better results than pure TCP.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124813303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we report on a prototype system, which is able to detect the road condition. A coherent polarisation-sensitive millimeterwave sensor, which measures the complete backscattering matrix (amplitude and phase) was built at 61 GHz and tested in a standard car under real traffic conditions. The deduced polarisation information was compared with reference characteristics obtained from previous measurements. For a limited number of surfaces it is shown that the type of surface layer can be reliably predicted. The information can be used to inform the driver about critical road situations, e.g. aquaplaning, snow and icy surfaces.<>
{"title":"Road surface classification by using a polarimetric coherent radar module at millimeter waves","authors":"N. Kees, J. Detlefsen","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316684","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we report on a prototype system, which is able to detect the road condition. A coherent polarisation-sensitive millimeterwave sensor, which measures the complete backscattering matrix (amplitude and phase) was built at 61 GHz and tested in a standard car under real traffic conditions. The deduced polarisation information was compared with reference characteristics obtained from previous measurements. For a limited number of surfaces it is shown that the type of surface layer can be reliably predicted. The information can be used to inform the driver about critical road situations, e.g. aquaplaning, snow and icy surfaces.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129468238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Odyssey is a satellite based communication system bringing world-wide communications ability to the palm of a person's hand. The system operates with domestic public switched telephone and cellular networks to allow an individual to communicate with another individual anywhere in the world. A dual-mode handset allows the user to communicate either through local cellular networks, when available, or through the Odyssey system when cellular is not present. The Odyssey satellite constellation operates in medium Earth orbit approximately one-third of the way to geosynchronous orbit to minimize voice time delays and provide populated land mass coverage with only 12 satellites. The sixteen Odyssey earth stations and associated gateways to the PSTNs interconnect mobile and fixed users around the world via the "bent-pipe" satellite transponders.<>
{"title":"Odyssey-personal communications for the future","authors":"P. Mock","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316673","url":null,"abstract":"Odyssey is a satellite based communication system bringing world-wide communications ability to the palm of a person's hand. The system operates with domestic public switched telephone and cellular networks to allow an individual to communicate with another individual anywhere in the world. A dual-mode handset allows the user to communicate either through local cellular networks, when available, or through the Odyssey system when cellular is not present. The Odyssey satellite constellation operates in medium Earth orbit approximately one-third of the way to geosynchronous orbit to minimize voice time delays and provide populated land mass coverage with only 12 satellites. The sixteen Odyssey earth stations and associated gateways to the PSTNs interconnect mobile and fixed users around the world via the \"bent-pipe\" satellite transponders.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122640627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary form only given. Modeling a system in order to gain insight into its behavior is typically considered only when the system's dynamic behavior is too complex for intuition, analytic techniques, or other forecasting methods to suffice. In addition to addressing the inherent systemic complexity implied by the fact that a simulation is being considered, a modeling team must concurrently address the difficulties of a software development effort.<>
{"title":"System modeling and analysis: an approach and applications","authors":"M. Schultz, B. Teague","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316692","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Modeling a system in order to gain insight into its behavior is typically considered only when the system's dynamic behavior is too complex for intuition, analytic techniques, or other forecasting methods to suffice. In addition to addressing the inherent systemic complexity implied by the fact that a simulation is being considered, a modeling team must concurrently address the difficulties of a software development effort.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114667165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel energy management telecontroller system is developed for modern homes based on power line communication at a central frequency of 125 KHz. The system consists of one central telecontroller unit (CTU) and up to 256 device controller units (DCUs). The operation range is around 100 m and can be extended using relay units. The telecontroller parameters are analyzed, samples of its operation mode are described and its important features are discussed.<>
{"title":"A novel energy management telecontroller system for a modern home","authors":"H. Amir, J. Gavan","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316676","url":null,"abstract":"A novel energy management telecontroller system is developed for modern homes based on power line communication at a central frequency of 125 KHz. The system consists of one central telecontroller unit (CTU) and up to 256 device controller units (DCUs). The operation range is around 100 m and can be extended using relay units. The telecontroller parameters are analyzed, samples of its operation mode are described and its important features are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126370945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The military has a requirement for a remotely controlled ground system to perform reconnaissance, surveillance, target acquisition, patrolling, and nuclear, biological, chemical detection. The primary goal of the unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) Demonstration II program is to demonstrate advanced technologies such as the utility of semiautonomous navigation in a military situation. The system is based on four high-mobility, multipurpose wheeled vehicles equipped with perception and navigation subsystems capable of performing onroad and offroad operations.<>
{"title":"Unmanned ground vehicle Demonstration II program","authors":"S. Munkeby, C. Shoemaker, W. Chun","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316671","url":null,"abstract":"The military has a requirement for a remotely controlled ground system to perform reconnaissance, surveillance, target acquisition, patrolling, and nuclear, biological, chemical detection. The primary goal of the unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) Demonstration II program is to demonstrate advanced technologies such as the utility of semiautonomous navigation in a military situation. The system is based on four high-mobility, multipurpose wheeled vehicles equipped with perception and navigation subsystems capable of performing onroad and offroad operations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127764898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A miniature fiber optic cable design which is so tiny (0.8 mm diameter) that it has been designated Fiber Optic Microcable (FOMC) was developed by the Naval Command Control Ocean Surveillance Center (NCCOSC) to replace the expendable metallic wireguides employed to communicate with underwater weapons. The technology has found broad application as an expendable tether for unmanned underwater vehicles and has the potential for numerous civilian uses. FOMC is an excellent example of a military-developed, dual-use technology which is available for civilian applications via technology transfer from a Navy Laboratory.<>
{"title":"Expendable fiber optic microcable. A mature technology to support communications with advanced undersea platforms","authors":"S. Cowen","doi":"10.1109/NTC.1994.316669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1994.316669","url":null,"abstract":"A miniature fiber optic cable design which is so tiny (0.8 mm diameter) that it has been designated Fiber Optic Microcable (FOMC) was developed by the Naval Command Control Ocean Surveillance Center (NCCOSC) to replace the expendable metallic wireguides employed to communicate with underwater weapons. The technology has found broad application as an expendable tether for unmanned underwater vehicles and has the potential for numerous civilian uses. FOMC is an excellent example of a military-developed, dual-use technology which is available for civilian applications via technology transfer from a Navy Laboratory.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":297184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE National Telesystems Conference - NTC '94","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129066991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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