{"title":"Gordon Stuart Whyte 28.2.1943–20.4.2022","authors":"Roger K Wilkinson","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"128 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49344449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DSM: A History of Psychiatry's Bible by Allan V. Horwitz (review)","authors":"M. Leggatt","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"144 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44429069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:From the mid-nineteenth century, state asylums throughout the western world began to play an ever-increasing role in welfare provision. Callan Park asylum in Sydney was required to perform multiple roles because people with behavioural difficulties or incurable neurological disorders were rejected by other welfare institutions and the penal system. These patients included persons suffering from a prevalent and severely disabling form of end-stage neurosyphilis, General Paralysis of the Insane (GPI). This article explains how and why GPI patients in New South Wales were almost exclusively cared for within asylums, making them major providers of care for terminal venereal disease. While GPI had been initially seen as a mental illness with physical manifestations, statistical analysis and new diagnostic technology brought about a radical change in the public perception of GPI patients from about 1910, which meant that they would now be further stigmatised as carriers of syphilis, the dreaded 'Red Plague'.
{"title":"The 'Red Plague' and General Paralysis of the Insane at Callan Park Hospital for the Insane in New South Wales, 1877–1920","authors":"David T. Roth","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From the mid-nineteenth century, state asylums throughout the western world began to play an ever-increasing role in welfare provision. Callan Park asylum in Sydney was required to perform multiple roles because people with behavioural difficulties or incurable neurological disorders were rejected by other welfare institutions and the penal system. These patients included persons suffering from a prevalent and severely disabling form of end-stage neurosyphilis, General Paralysis of the Insane (GPI). This article explains how and why GPI patients in New South Wales were almost exclusively cared for within asylums, making them major providers of care for terminal venereal disease. While GPI had been initially seen as a mental illness with physical manifestations, statistical analysis and new diagnostic technology brought about a radical change in the public perception of GPI patients from about 1910, which meant that they would now be further stigmatised as carriers of syphilis, the dreaded 'Red Plague'.","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"109 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42664267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Architecture and Landscape of Health: A Historical Perspective on Therapeutic Places 1790–1940 by Julie Collins (review)","authors":"M. Boult","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"134 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43366792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:More than three hundred Japanese Red Cross nurses, deployed in field hospitals in the Japanese Army during the Second World War, remained overseas for several years after the Japanese defeat. They were part of a large group of Japanese citizens whose repatriation was delayed by the Chinese and Korean wars, and by the geopolitical tensions of the Cold War. The span of their professional lives sheds light on the breaks and continuities of one of the world's largest national Red Cross organisations, the Japanese Red Cross. The Japanese Red Cross sent these nurses to the front as part of its support for Japan's war effort, but after defeat, was able to use their repatriation as a way to highlight its humanitarian character and its apolitical stance, and to distance itself from its participation in the war.
{"title":"The Japanese Red Cross, Military Nurses, and their Postwar Repatriation","authors":"Beatrice Trefalt","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:More than three hundred Japanese Red Cross nurses, deployed in field hospitals in the Japanese Army during the Second World War, remained overseas for several years after the Japanese defeat. They were part of a large group of Japanese citizens whose repatriation was delayed by the Chinese and Korean wars, and by the geopolitical tensions of the Cold War. The span of their professional lives sheds light on the breaks and continuities of one of the world's largest national Red Cross organisations, the Japanese Red Cross. The Japanese Red Cross sent these nurses to the front as part of its support for Japan's war effort, but after defeat, was able to use their repatriation as a way to highlight its humanitarian character and its apolitical stance, and to distance itself from its participation in the war.","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"47 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46417505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Elizabeth Morrow embodied the transition of nurses from low status domestic workers to 'Nightingale nurses'—trained women revered for their dedicated care. Morrow was one of the first nurses trained under Lucy Osburn at the Sydney Infirmary in 1868. She moved to The Maitland Hospital in 1870 and was promoted to matron superintendent in 1872. A court case that year revealed much about her working life and the gendered expectations of those around her. Morrow's nursing career ended with her death in 1886. She was mourned by The Maitland Hospital community as an ideal, much-loved matron. What were the qualities that made her so successful? How had she negotiated such a dramatic change from servant girl to esteemed matron?
{"title":"'She was indeed a strong-minded woman': Elizabeth Morrow, from Servant to Matron, 1868–86","authors":"J. Godden, J. Wilton","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Elizabeth Morrow embodied the transition of nurses from low status domestic workers to 'Nightingale nurses'—trained women revered for their dedicated care. Morrow was one of the first nurses trained under Lucy Osburn at the Sydney Infirmary in 1868. She moved to The Maitland Hospital in 1870 and was promoted to matron superintendent in 1872. A court case that year revealed much about her working life and the gendered expectations of those around her. Morrow's nursing career ended with her death in 1886. She was mourned by The Maitland Hospital community as an ideal, much-loved matron. What were the qualities that made her so successful? How had she negotiated such a dramatic change from servant girl to esteemed matron?","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"108 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Pope and the Pill: Sex, Catholicism and Women in Post-War England by David Geiringer (review)","authors":"Branka Bogdan","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"132 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45600719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The official recognition of 'post-COVID syndrome' in 2021, a condition with debilitating physical and mental symptoms including suicidal ideation, calls for analysis of earlier viral pandemics. To test for possible links between the 1918–19 influenza pandemic and suicide, this paper focuses on the state of New South Wales and draws on coronial and newspaper evidence. These sources reveal sixteen cases in which medical and lay witnesses associated acute and post-acute symptoms of influenza with the impulse to self-harm. This feature of post-war trauma, overlooked by historians of the First World War, highlights the capacity of historical research to inform current-day analysis of viral infections' physical, emotional, and psychological sequelae.
{"title":"Post-Influenza Syndrome: Exploring the Association between Suicide and Influenza in New South Wales, 1919–21","authors":"Carolyn Strange","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The official recognition of 'post-COVID syndrome' in 2021, a condition with debilitating physical and mental symptoms including suicidal ideation, calls for analysis of earlier viral pandemics. To test for possible links between the 1918–19 influenza pandemic and suicide, this paper focuses on the state of New South Wales and draws on coronial and newspaper evidence. These sources reveal sixteen cases in which medical and lay witnesses associated acute and post-acute symptoms of influenza with the impulse to self-harm. This feature of post-war trauma, overlooked by historians of the First World War, highlights the capacity of historical research to inform current-day analysis of viral infections' physical, emotional, and psychological sequelae.","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48911404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In 1899, Britain requested volunteers from the Australian colonies to fight the Boers in South Africa. Australian soldiers who travelled to South Africa are described within the historical literature as fit and healthy, especially in comparison with British 'Tommies'. The troops themselves wrote frequently of their superior physical condition in personal records, however many wrote at length about the lack of food or comfort on the battlefield. This paper examines the demographic and anthropometric data on enlistment and discharge of 279 men who fought in the First and Third Queensland Contingents alongside soldiers' claims about health and comfort in South Africa. Anthropometric analysis reveals that despite variable food intake, Australian soldiers returned home fit and with slightly better nutritional status than on enlistment. This provides some backing to some soldiers' claims that military service brought them 'glorious healthiness'.
{"title":"Health and Fitness of the Queensland Contingents to the South African War, 1899–1902","authors":"Effie Karageorgos, B. Wood","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1899, Britain requested volunteers from the Australian colonies to fight the Boers in South Africa. Australian soldiers who travelled to South Africa are described within the historical literature as fit and healthy, especially in comparison with British 'Tommies'. The troops themselves wrote frequently of their superior physical condition in personal records, however many wrote at length about the lack of food or comfort on the battlefield. This paper examines the demographic and anthropometric data on enlistment and discharge of 279 men who fought in the First and Third Queensland Contingents alongside soldiers' claims about health and comfort in South Africa. Anthropometric analysis reveals that despite variable food intake, Australian soldiers returned home fit and with slightly better nutritional status than on enlistment. This provides some backing to some soldiers' claims that military service brought them 'glorious healthiness'.","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"25 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49093575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Long Shadow: Australia's Vietnam Veterans Since the War by Peter Yule (review)","authors":"B. Wright","doi":"10.1353/hah.2022.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2022.0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29747,"journal":{"name":"Health and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"151 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45511564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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