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2013 18th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)最新文献

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Can we identify smartphone app by power trace? [Extended abstract for special session] 我们能通过电量追踪来识别智能手机应用吗?[特别会议扩展摘要]
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509624
Mian Dong, Po-Hsiang Lai, Zhu Li
Power trace of a smartphone, as time series data, carries important information of the system behavior and is useful for many applications, such as energy management [1-3], software optimization [4-6] and anomaly detection [7, 8]. However, the power trace measured from the battery terminals include the power consumption by all the hardware components and thus describes the activity of the whole system. Yet modern smartphones are multiprocessing, i.e., multiple applications can be running simultaneously in the same system. Our goal is to answer the following question: “Can we identify smartphone app by power trace?” That is, whether the power trace of a smartphone can be different by running different applications.
智能手机的功率轨迹作为时间序列数据,承载着系统行为的重要信息,在能源管理[1-3]、软件优化[4-6]和异常检测[7,8]等许多应用中都很有用。然而,从电池端子测量的功率迹线包括所有硬件组件的功耗,从而描述了整个系统的活动。然而,现代智能手机是多处理的,也就是说,多个应用程序可以在同一个系统中同时运行。我们的目标是回答以下问题:“我们能通过功率轨迹识别智能手机应用吗?”也就是说,智能手机的功率轨迹是否会因运行不同的应用程序而有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
A binding algorithm in high-level synthesis for path delay testability 路径延迟可测性高级综合中的绑定算法
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509653
Yuki Yoshikawa
A binding method in high-level synthesis for path delay testability is proposed in this paper. For a given scheduled data flow graph, the proposed method synthesizes a path delay testable RTL datapath and its controller. Every path in the datapath is two pattern testable with the controller if the path is activated in the functional operation, i.e., the path is not false path. Our experimental results show that the proposed method can synthesize such RTL circuits with small area overhead compared with that augmented by some DFT techniques such as scan design.
本文提出了一种高阶综合中路径延迟可测性的绑定方法。对于给定的调度数据流图,该方法综合了一个路径延迟可测试的RTL数据路径及其控制器。如果路径在功能操作中被激活,则数据路径中的每个路径都可以用控制器进行两种模式测试,即该路径不是假路径。实验结果表明,与采用扫描设计等DFT技术增强的RTL电路相比,该方法能够以较小的面积开销合成RTL电路。
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引用次数: 1
Loadsa: A yield-driven top-down design method for STT-RAM array 一种产量驱动的STT-RAM阵列自顶向下设计方法
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509611
Wujie Wen, Yaojun Zhang, Lu Zhang, Yiran Chen
As an emerging nonvolatile memory technology, spin-transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM) faces great design challenges. The large device variations and the thermal-induced switching randomness of the magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) introduce the persistent and non-persistent errors in STT-RAM operations, respectively. Modeling these statistical metrics generally require the expensive Monte-Carlo simulations on the combined magnetic-CMOS models, which is hardly integrated in the modern micro-architecture and system designs. Also, the conventional bottom-up design method incurs costly iterations in the STT-RAM design toward specific system requirement. In this work, we propose Loadsa1: a yield-driven top-down design method to explore the design space of STT-RAM array from a statistical point of view. Both array-level semi-analytical yield model and cell-level failure-probability model are developed to enable a top-down design method: The system-level requirements, e.g., the chip yield under power and area constraints, are hierarchically mapped to array-and cell-level design parameters, e.g., redundancy, ECC scheme, and MOS transistor size, etc. Our simulation results show that Loadsa can accurately optimize the STT-RAM based on the system and cell-level constraints with a linear computation complexity. Our method demonstrates great potentials in the early design stage of memory or micro-architecture by eliminating the design integrations, while offering a full statistical view of the design even when the common yield enhancement practices are applied.
作为一种新兴的非易失性存储技术,自旋传递扭矩随机存取存储器(STT-RAM)面临着巨大的设计挑战。磁性隧道结(MTJ)的大器件变化和热致开关随机性分别导致了STT-RAM操作中的持续和非持续误差。这些统计指标的建模通常需要昂贵的蒙特卡罗模拟,以结合磁- cmos模型,这很难集成到现代微体系结构和系统设计中。此外,传统的自底向上设计方法在针对特定系统需求的STT-RAM设计中会产生昂贵的迭代。在这项工作中,我们提出Loadsa1:一种产量驱动的自上而下的设计方法,从统计学的角度探索STT-RAM阵列的设计空间。阵列级半解析良率模型和单元级失效概率模型都是为了实现自上而下的设计方法:系统级需求,例如功率和面积约束下的芯片良率,分层映射到阵列和单元级设计参数,例如冗余,ECC方案和MOS晶体管尺寸等。仿真结果表明,Loadsa可以基于系统和单元级约束精确地优化STT-RAM,计算复杂度为线性。我们的方法通过消除设计集成,在内存或微架构的早期设计阶段展示了巨大的潜力,同时即使在应用常见的良率提高实践时,也提供了设计的完整统计视图。
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引用次数: 8
Optimal partition with block-level parallelization in C-to-RTL synthesis for streaming applications 流应用程序C-to-RTL合成中具有块级并行化的最优分区
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509600
Shuangchen Li, Yongpan Liu, X. Hu, Xinyu He, Yining Zhang, Pei Zhang, Huazhong Yang
Developing FPGA solutions for streaming applications written in C (or its variants) can benefit greatly from automatic C-to-RTL (C2RTL) synthesis. Yet, the complexity and stringent throughput/cost constraints of such applications are rather challenging for existing C2RTL synthesis tools. This paper considers automatic partition and block-level parallelization to address these challenges. An MILP-based approach is introduced for finding an optimal partition of a given program into blocks while allowing block-level parallelization. In order to handle extremely large problem instances, a heuristic algorithm is also discussed. Experimental results based on seven well known multimedia applications demonstrate the effectiveness of both solutions.
为用C(或其变体)编写的流应用程序开发FPGA解决方案可以从自动C-to- rtl (C2RTL)合成中受益匪浅。然而,这种应用的复杂性和严格的吞吐量/成本限制对现有的C2RTL合成工具来说是相当具有挑战性的。本文考虑了自动分区和块级并行化来解决这些挑战。介绍了一种基于milp的方法,用于在允许块级并行的情况下,将给定程序划分为块的最佳分区。为了处理超大的问题实例,本文还讨论了一种启发式算法。基于七个知名多媒体应用的实验结果证明了两种方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 12
An efficient compression scheme for checkpointing of FPGA-based digital mockups 基于fpga的数字模型检查点的有效压缩方案
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509669
Ting-Shuo Chou, T. Givargis, Chen-Chun Huang, Bailey Miller, F. Vahid
This paper outlines a transparent and nonintrusive checkpointing mechanism for use with FPGA-based digital mockups. A digital mockup is an executable model of a physical system and used for real-time test and validation of cyber-physical devices that interact with the physical system. These digital mockups are typically defined in terms of a large set of ordinary differential equations. We consider digital mockups impelemented on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). A checkpoint is a snapshot of the internal state of the model at a specific point in time as captured by some controller that resides on the same FPGA. We require that the model continues uninterrupted execution during a checkpointing operation. Once a checkpoint is created, the corresponding state information is transferred from the FPGA to a host computer for visualization and other off-chip processing. We outline the architecture of a checkpointing controller that captures and transfers the state information at a desired clock cycle using an aggressive compression technique. Our compression technique achieves 90% reduction in data transferred from the FPGA to the host computer under periodic checkpointing scenarios. The checkpointing with compression yields 15-36% FPGA size overhead, versus 6-11% for checkpointing without compression.
本文概述了一种用于基于fpga的数字模型的透明且非侵入性的检查点机制。数字模型是物理系统的可执行模型,用于与物理系统交互的网络物理设备的实时测试和验证。这些数字模型通常是根据一大组常微分方程来定义的。我们考虑在现场可编程门阵列(fpga)上实现的数字模型。检查点是模型在特定时间点的内部状态的快照,由驻留在同一FPGA上的某个控制器捕获。我们要求模型在检查点操作期间继续不间断地执行。一旦创建了检查点,相应的状态信息就从FPGA传输到主机,用于可视化和其他片外处理。我们概述了检查点控制器的架构,该控制器使用积极的压缩技术在所需的时钟周期捕获和传输状态信息。我们的压缩技术在周期性检查点场景下实现了从FPGA到主机的数据传输减少90%。带压缩的检查点产生15-36%的FPGA尺寸开销,而不带压缩的检查点产生6-11%的FPGA尺寸开销。
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引用次数: 1
Mobile user classification and authorization based on gesture usage recognition 基于手势使用识别的移动用户分类与授权
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509626
Kent W. Nixon, Xiang Chen, Zhihong Mao, Yiran Chen, Kang Li
Intelligent mobile devices have been widely serving in almost all aspects of everyday life, spanning from communication, web surfing, entertainment, to daily organizer. A large amount of sensitive and private information is stored on the mobile device, leading to severe data security concern. In this work, we propose a novel mobile user classification and authorization scheme based on the recognition of user's gesture. Compared to other security solutions like password, track pattern and finger print etc., our scheme can continuously evolve for better protection during the usage cycle of the mobile device. Besides the regular interactive screen and sensors of modern mobile devices, our scheme does not require any additional hardware supports.
智能移动设备已经广泛服务于日常生活的方方面面,从通信、上网、娱乐到日常管理。在移动设备上存储了大量的敏感和私人信息,导致了严重的数据安全问题。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于用户手势识别的移动用户分类和授权方案。与密码、轨迹模式、指纹等其他安全方案相比,我们的方案可以在移动设备的使用周期中不断进化,更好的保护移动设备。除了现代移动设备的常规交互屏幕和传感器外,我们的方案不需要任何额外的硬件支持。
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引用次数: 4
Line sharing cache: Exploring cache capacity with frequent line value locality 线路共享缓存:使用频繁的线路值局部性探索缓存容量
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509677
Keitarou Oka, Hiroshi Sasaki, Koji Inoue
This paper proposes a new last level cache architecture called line sharing cache (LSC), which can reduce the number of cache misses without increasing the size of the cache memory. It stores lines which contain the identical value in a single line entry, which enables to store greater amount of lines. Evaluation results show performance improvements of up to 35% across a set of SPEC CPU2000 benchmarks.
本文提出了一种新的最后一级缓存结构,即线路共享缓存(LSC),它可以在不增加缓存内存大小的情况下减少缓存丢失的次数。它在一个单行条目中存储包含相同值的行,这样可以存储更多的行。评估结果显示,在一组SPEC CPU2000基准测试中,性能提高高达35%。
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引用次数: 1
Equivalent circuit model extraction for interconnects in 3D ICs 三维集成电路互连等效电路模型提取
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509549
A. Engin
Parasitic RC behavior of VLSI interconnects has been the major bottleneck in terms of latency and power consumption of ICs. Recent 3D ICs promise to reduce the parasitic RC effect by making use of through silicon vias (TSVs). It is therefore essential to extract the RC model of TSVs to assess their promise. Unlike interconnects on metal layers, TSVs exhibit slow-wave and dielectric quasi-transverse-electromagnetic (TEM) modes due to the coupling to the semiconducting substrate. This TSV behavior can be simulated using analytical methods, 2D electrostatic simulators, or 3D full-wave electromagnetic simulators. In this paper, we describe a methodology to extract parasitic RC models from such simulation data for interconnects in a 3D IC.
VLSI互连的寄生RC行为一直是ic延迟和功耗方面的主要瓶颈。最近的3D集成电路承诺通过使用硅通孔(tsv)来减少寄生RC效应。因此,有必要提取tsv的RC模型来评估其前景。与金属层上的互连不同,由于与半导体衬底的耦合,tsv表现出慢波和介电准横向电磁(TEM)模式。这种TSV行为可以通过分析方法、二维静电模拟器或三维全波电磁模拟器来模拟。在本文中,我们描述了一种从三维集成电路互连的仿真数据中提取寄生RC模型的方法。
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引用次数: 2
A flexible fixed-outline floorplanning methodology for mixed-size modules 一个灵活的固定轮廓的平面规划方法,用于混合大小的模块
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509635
Kai-Chung Chan, Chao-Jam Hsu, Jiarping Lin
This paper presents a new flow to handle fixed-outline floorplanning for mixed size modules. It consists of two stages, which include global distribution stage and legalization stage. The methodology is very flexible, which can be integrated into other methods or be extended to handle other constraints such as routability or thermal issue. The global distribution stage aims to obtain better wirelength while distributing modules over a fixed outline. Once a good result can be obtained in the first stage, the legalization stage only needs to obtain a feasible solution by maintaining the good result. The legalization is performed by curve merging in a slicing tree, which is obtained by the partition based approach. Two functions are proposed to divide a circuit and the associated placement region into two parts. Although the fixed-outline floorplanning with mixed size modules is very difficult, our method still can obtain better results. The experimental results show that our method can averagely reduce wirelength by 22.5% and 4.7% than PATOMA [1] and DeFer [2] in mixed size benchmarks.
本文提出了一种处理混合尺寸模块的固定轮廓平面规划的新流程。它包括两个阶段,即全球分销阶段和合法化阶段。该方法非常灵活,可以集成到其他方法中,也可以扩展到处理其他约束,如可达性或热问题。全球分发阶段的目的是在固定的轮廓上分发模块时获得更好的波长。一旦在第一阶段获得了良好的结果,合法化阶段只需要通过保持良好的结果来获得可行的解决方案。合法化是通过在切片树中进行曲线合并来实现的,该切片树由基于划分的方法得到。提出了两个函数将电路和相关的放置区域划分为两个部分。虽然混合尺寸模块的固定轮廓平面规划非常困难,但我们的方法仍然可以获得较好的结果。实验结果表明,在混合尺寸的基准测试中,我们的方法比PATOMA[1]和DeFer[2]平均减少了22.5%和4.7%的带宽。
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引用次数: 3
A 7.5Gb/s referenceless transceiver for UHDTV with adaptive equalization and bandwidth scanning technique in 0.13µm CMOS process 采用0.13µm CMOS工艺,采用自适应均衡和带宽扫描技术的7.5Gb/s无参考UHDTV收发器
Pub Date : 2013-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/ASPDAC.2013.6509570
Junyoung Song, Hyun-Woo Lee, Sewook Hwang, I. Jung, Chulwoo Kim
A 7.5Gb/s referenceless transceiver for the ultra-high definition television is designed in a 0.13μm CMOS process. By applying the dynamic pre-emphasis calibration and the bandwidth scanning clock generators, measured eye opening and jitter of the clock are enhanced by 39.6% and 40%, respectively. Also the data-width comparison based adaptive equalizer with self-adjusting reference voltage is proposed.
采用0.13μm CMOS工艺设计了用于超高清电视的7.5Gb/s无参考收发器。采用动态预强调校准和带宽扫描时钟发生器,测得的开眼率和时钟抖动分别提高了39.6%和40%。提出了一种基于数据宽度比较的基准电压自适应均衡器。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2013 18th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)
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