Groundwater quality assessment was carried out on water samples from five boreholes collected through simple random sampling method during wet and dry seasons within Aka-Offot Industrial Layout, Uyo and a non-industrialized area (control site). The aim was to assess their quality by determining their physico-chemical properties and heavy metals for comparison with the control site and the world’s threshold standards. Water samples were collected with polyethylene bottles that were initially rinsed with 10% hydrochloric acid then with sample water. Two samples were collected from each borehole. One was for physico-chemical properties determinations while the other one was for heavy metal analysis. HNO2 was added in the samples for heavy metal analysis for preservation of the metals. The samples were stored in an ice-packed cooler kit to the laboratory for analysis. The results revealed that the temperature of the water was slightly above WHO standard but fell below FEPA standard; turbidity and electrical conductivity fell within the permissible limits. The water was acidic because the mean pH value was lower than the permissible limit; dissolved oxygen was significantly low while biological oxygen demand was higher than the permissible limit signifying high load of organisms and impurities in the water. The total dissolved solid, ammonium, nitrate and sulphate were below the permissible limits. The mean values of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cr and Co fell below the permissible limits. For Cd, it’s dry season mean value was a little above WHO permissible limit but fell below FEPA standard while the dry season mean value of Mn was above FEPA’s permissible limit but all of them fell within the WHO limit. However, industrial wastes disposed in this area have had adverse effects on the groundwater. Therefore, adequate waste management method is one of the recommendations prescribed for a healthy and sustainable environment.
{"title":"Groundwater Quality Assessment In Aka-Offot Industrial Layout, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"U. Umana","doi":"10.56556/gssr.v1i1.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56556/gssr.v1i1.299","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater quality assessment was carried out on water samples from five boreholes collected through simple random sampling method during wet and dry seasons within Aka-Offot Industrial Layout, Uyo and a non-industrialized area (control site). The aim was to assess their quality by determining their physico-chemical properties and heavy metals for comparison with the control site and the world’s threshold standards. Water samples were collected with polyethylene bottles that were initially rinsed with 10% hydrochloric acid then with sample water. Two samples were collected from each borehole. One was for physico-chemical properties determinations while the other one was for heavy metal analysis. HNO2 was added in the samples for heavy metal analysis for preservation of the metals. The samples were stored in an ice-packed cooler kit to the laboratory for analysis. The results revealed that the temperature of the water was slightly above WHO standard but fell below FEPA standard; turbidity and electrical conductivity fell within the permissible limits. The water was acidic because the mean pH value was lower than the permissible limit; dissolved oxygen was significantly low while biological oxygen demand was higher than the permissible limit signifying high load of organisms and impurities in the water. The total dissolved solid, ammonium, nitrate and sulphate were below the permissible limits. The mean values of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cr and Co fell below the permissible limits. For Cd, it’s dry season mean value was a little above WHO permissible limit but fell below FEPA standard while the dry season mean value of Mn was above FEPA’s permissible limit but all of them fell within the WHO limit. However, industrial wastes disposed in this area have had adverse effects on the groundwater. Therefore, adequate waste management method is one of the recommendations prescribed for a healthy and sustainable environment. ","PeriodicalId":29811,"journal":{"name":"Global Sustainability Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91346059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations of surface water receiving effluent from Champion Breweries Plc, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State were analysed to evaluate the effect of the effluent on the physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations of the surface water. The water samples were collected using polyethylene bottles that were initially rinsed with 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl) then with the sample water. Two samples were collected at each sampling point. One was for physicochemical properties determinations while the other sample was for heavy metal analysis. HNO3 was added in the samples for heavy metal analysis for preservation of the metals. The collected samples were stored in an ice-packed cooler kit and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The results showed that the temperature of the water was within the permissible limit. Mean pH was lower than the permissible range for drinking water especially during the dry season. Turbidity was above the permissible limit in both dry/wet seasons. Dissolved oxygen was below the permissible limit. Mean biochemical oxygen demand was above the permissible limit. The result of the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to biochemical oxygen demand showed that the compounds in the water were relatively biodegradable. Total suspended solid was above the permissible limit. Mean total dissolved solid was below the permissible limit. Mean electrical conductivity was also below the permissible limit. The concentration of NH4 was at toxic level. The concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and sulphate were below the permissible limits indicating non-toxicity and lack of these nutrient elements in the water. The contents of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co and Mn were above permissible levels. The effluent from Champion breweries is considered to be one of the major sources of pollutants of surface water in this area, which efficient treatment of effluent before disposal is recommended.
{"title":"characterization of physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations of surface water receiving effluent from champion breweries plc in uyo, akwa ibom state, nigeria","authors":"Akpan, S. Udeme, U. Umana","doi":"10.56556/gssr.v1i1.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56556/gssr.v1i1.298","url":null,"abstract":"Physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations of surface water receiving effluent from Champion Breweries Plc, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State were analysed to evaluate the effect of the effluent on the physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations of the surface water. The water samples were collected using polyethylene bottles that were initially rinsed with 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl) then with the sample water. Two samples were collected at each sampling point. One was for physicochemical properties determinations while the other sample was for heavy metal analysis. HNO3 was added in the samples for heavy metal analysis for preservation of the metals. The collected samples were stored in an ice-packed cooler kit and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The results showed that the temperature of the water was within the permissible limit. Mean pH was lower than the permissible range for drinking water especially during the dry season. Turbidity was above the permissible limit in both dry/wet seasons. Dissolved oxygen was below the permissible limit. Mean biochemical oxygen demand was above the permissible limit. The result of the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to biochemical oxygen demand showed that the compounds in the water were relatively biodegradable. Total suspended solid was above the permissible limit. Mean total dissolved solid was below the permissible limit. Mean electrical conductivity was also below the permissible limit. The concentration of NH4 was at toxic level. The concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and sulphate were below the permissible limits indicating non-toxicity and lack of these nutrient elements in the water. The contents of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co and Mn were above permissible levels. The effluent from Champion breweries is considered to be one of the major sources of pollutants of surface water in this area, which efficient treatment of effluent before disposal is recommended.","PeriodicalId":29811,"journal":{"name":"Global Sustainability Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78939764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Alhassan, Auwal Aliyu, Abubakar Magaji, M.Nuruddeen Abdulkareem, Mohammed Abdullahi
One of the keys to national development in developing countries like Nigeria is the diversification of economy. Nigeria’s economy depends majorly on crude oil. The oil sector continue to face challenges like price drop in international market, corruption, reduced quantity of production as forecasted (although new oils are been drilled). These among others makes it necessary for the country to diversify its economy. Agriculture is one of the areas Nigeria have started investing into. New methods are necessary for fast improvement in the sector among which is geophysics. The need for Agricultural Geophysics to be considered for national economic development is discussed. Geophysics as a branch of science that deal with physical processes and phenomena occurring in the earth and its vicinity is applicable to many fields that contribute to the development of the economy of any nation. Such fields include oil, Agriculture, natural resources among others. Geophysical methods applicable in Agriculture like resistivity, electromagnetic induction, and Ground penetrating radar are discussed with their applications in agriculture. The various geophysical methods that are useful in agriculture are reviewed and necessity of their application is also emphasized.
{"title":"An Insight Into The Importance Of Application Of Geophysical Methods In Agriculture For National Economic Development","authors":"Ahmad Alhassan, Auwal Aliyu, Abubakar Magaji, M.Nuruddeen Abdulkareem, Mohammed Abdullahi","doi":"10.56556/gssr.v1i1.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56556/gssr.v1i1.301","url":null,"abstract":"One of the keys to national development in developing countries like Nigeria is the diversification of economy. Nigeria’s economy depends majorly on crude oil. The oil sector continue to face challenges like price drop in international market, corruption, reduced quantity of production as forecasted (although new oils are been drilled). These among others makes it necessary for the country to diversify its economy. Agriculture is one of the areas Nigeria have started investing into. New methods are necessary for fast improvement in the sector among which is geophysics. The need for Agricultural Geophysics to be considered for national economic development is discussed. Geophysics as a branch of science that deal with physical processes and phenomena occurring in the earth and its vicinity is applicable to many fields that contribute to the development of the economy of any nation. Such fields include oil, Agriculture, natural resources among others. Geophysical methods applicable in Agriculture like resistivity, electromagnetic induction, and Ground penetrating radar are discussed with their applications in agriculture. The various geophysical methods that are useful in agriculture are reviewed and necessity of their application is also emphasized.","PeriodicalId":29811,"journal":{"name":"Global Sustainability Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86801978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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