Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046358
R. Frost
Advances in speech-recognition and wireless-communication technology have generated a growing interest in hands-free, eyes-free, access to, and navigation between, remote data sources. Owing to the fact that conventional query languages such as SQL cannot be spoken, there is a need to develop natural-language processors to be used in conjunction with speech interfaces. Ideally, it should be possible for non-programmers to create their own speech-accessible natural-language applications that they can easily add to a SpeechWeb, in a similar manner to the creation of web pages using hunt. The W/AGE programming environment is a step towards this goal.
{"title":"W/AGE: the Windsor Attribute Grammar Programming Environment","authors":"R. Frost","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046358","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in speech-recognition and wireless-communication technology have generated a growing interest in hands-free, eyes-free, access to, and navigation between, remote data sources. Owing to the fact that conventional query languages such as SQL cannot be spoken, there is a need to develop natural-language processors to be used in conjunction with speech interfaces. Ideally, it should be possible for non-programmers to create their own speech-accessible natural-language applications that they can easily add to a SpeechWeb, in a similar manner to the creation of web pages using hunt. The W/AGE programming environment is a step towards this goal.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"C-22 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114122727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046370
Cheryl D. Seals, M. Rosson, John Millar Carroll, T. L. Lewis, Lenese Colson
We are attempting to create a cross-generational learning community who will work together to design, construct, and discuss simulations of community topics. The simulations are built with Stagecast Creator, a state-of-the art visual programming environment. As part of this larger project, we have developed minimalist training materials for middle school students. This paper reports a formative evaluation of these training materials, in which groups of students worked together on two related tutorial modules. In general the students were successful in their work with Creator, needing little aid from the experimenters, and showing evidence of enjoyment. Our aim is to develop materials that will attract participation and enable students to spend their free time and play with this environment, and as a by-product of having fun, learn more about visual programming.
{"title":"Fun learning Stagecast Creator: an exercise in minimalism and collaboration","authors":"Cheryl D. Seals, M. Rosson, John Millar Carroll, T. L. Lewis, Lenese Colson","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046370","url":null,"abstract":"We are attempting to create a cross-generational learning community who will work together to design, construct, and discuss simulations of community topics. The simulations are built with Stagecast Creator, a state-of-the art visual programming environment. As part of this larger project, we have developed minimalist training materials for middle school students. This paper reports a formative evaluation of these training materials, in which groups of students worked together on two related tutorial modules. In general the students were successful in their work with Creator, needing little aid from the experimenters, and showing evidence of enjoyment. Our aim is to develop materials that will attract participation and enable students to spend their free time and play with this environment, and as a by-product of having fun, learn more about visual programming.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114287725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046352
M. Montigel
Spreadsheets are popular visual languages, since they are simple to use even for non-programmers. Yet, compared to other programming languages, spreadsheets provide rather limited support for portability and reuse of components. The new language Wizcell provides an integrated modularity concept including fine-granular referencing, interface definitions based on explicit input and output cells, and model-view-controller modularity. These concepts facilitate the reuse of components by copy/paste operations or by dragging and dropping elements to and from user-configurable palettes with minimal formula changes. A platform-independent model, which can be executed by a portable virtual machine, enhances portability. Such a model may be accompanied by several possibly platform-dependent views to accommodate different environments.
{"title":"Portability and reuse of components for spreadsheet languages","authors":"M. Montigel","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046352","url":null,"abstract":"Spreadsheets are popular visual languages, since they are simple to use even for non-programmers. Yet, compared to other programming languages, spreadsheets provide rather limited support for portability and reuse of components. The new language Wizcell provides an integrated modularity concept including fine-granular referencing, interface definitions based on explicit input and output cells, and model-view-controller modularity. These concepts facilitate the reuse of components by copy/paste operations or by dragging and dropping elements to and from user-configurable palettes with minimal formula changes. A platform-independent model, which can be executed by a portable virtual machine, enhances portability. Such a model may be accompanied by several possibly platform-dependent views to accommodate different environments.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128074942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046351
Simon Gauvin, Trevor J. Smedley
Reactive systems are characterized by an event driven collection of communicating components which respond to internal and external stimuli. We present an approach for enabling the visual development of reactive systems by combining object-orientation and message-passing. Taking the point of view that message-passing is a more natural model for reactive systems than call-based semantics we present the reactive object, a language independent extension to object-oriented programming that adds facilities for inter-object asynchronous communication. The use of concrete visual representations of entities in the domains of message-passing and object-oriented programming we show that reactive objects have the potential to simplify the development of reactive systems.
{"title":"Concrete programming with reactive objects","authors":"Simon Gauvin, Trevor J. Smedley","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046351","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive systems are characterized by an event driven collection of communicating components which respond to internal and external stimuli. We present an approach for enabling the visual development of reactive systems by combining object-orientation and message-passing. Taking the point of view that message-passing is a more natural model for reactive systems than call-based semantics we present the reactive object, a language independent extension to object-oriented programming that adds facilities for inter-object asynchronous communication. The use of concrete visual representations of entities in the domains of message-passing and object-oriented programming we show that reactive objects have the potential to simplify the development of reactive systems.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127497819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046361
Marc Vass, P. Schoenhoff
Debugging tools for end-user programming have largely concentrated on generic and general-domain applications, such as spreadsheets. Complex, domain specific tasks such as cellular modeling, however, introduce new types of errors, non-existent in a general domain. These errors may be generated at typographical, semantic, modeling, or cognitive levels. Our work explores requirements and potential for error detection and debugging systems within an end-user programming (EUP) environment geared toward modeling cellular biology.
{"title":"Error detection support in a cellular modeling end-user programming environment","authors":"Marc Vass, P. Schoenhoff","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046361","url":null,"abstract":"Debugging tools for end-user programming have largely concentrated on generic and general-domain applications, such as spreadsheets. Complex, domain specific tasks such as cellular modeling, however, introduce new types of errors, non-existent in a general domain. These errors may be generated at typographical, semantic, modeling, or cognitive levels. Our work explores requirements and potential for error detection and debugging systems within an end-user programming (EUP) environment geared toward modeling cellular biology.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122488914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046338
C. Britton, M. Kutar, Sue Anthony, T. Barker, Sarah Beecham, Vitoria Wilkinson
Elicitation and validation of user requirements depend, to a large extent, on the effectiveness of the tools and techniques used as a vehicle for discussion between developers and users during the requirements process. This effectiveness may, in turn, be influenced by user preference for a particular approach or requirements technique. This paper describes a study that was carried out to investigate the relationship between user preference for sequence or collaboration diagrams in UML, with their accuracy in understanding information contained in the diagrams. Results showed that user preference for one of the two diagram types before carrying out the task was not reflected in improved performance with that type of diagram compared with the other. However, after carrying out the task, user statements about which type of diagram they preferred working with were matched by improved performance with that type of diagram.
{"title":"An empirical study of user preference and performance with UML diagrams","authors":"C. Britton, M. Kutar, Sue Anthony, T. Barker, Sarah Beecham, Vitoria Wilkinson","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046338","url":null,"abstract":"Elicitation and validation of user requirements depend, to a large extent, on the effectiveness of the tools and techniques used as a vehicle for discussion between developers and users during the requirements process. This effectiveness may, in turn, be influenced by user preference for a particular approach or requirements technique. This paper describes a study that was carried out to investigate the relationship between user preference for sequence or collaboration diagrams in UML, with their accuracy in understanding information contained in the diagrams. Results showed that user preference for one of the two diagram types before carrying out the task was not reflected in improved performance with that type of diagram compared with the other. However, after carrying out the task, user statements about which type of diagram they preferred working with were matched by improved performance with that type of diagram.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122641532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046354
Alexa M. Quinn
Domain specific programming languages tend to be rigid in capability, and dependent on either a graphical interface or a scripting language. We present a question-oriented approach that requires no prior knowledge of programming and can be easily adapted to a wide range of domains. Interrogative programming works by "parsing" the user's intent using the responses to a series of closed-ended questions. Questions are guided by a context free grammar specified in an external file. We discuss the benefits, capabilities and limitations of interrogative programming along with the results of recent usability studies with our prototype.
{"title":"An interrogative approach to novice programming","authors":"Alexa M. Quinn","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046354","url":null,"abstract":"Domain specific programming languages tend to be rigid in capability, and dependent on either a graphical interface or a scripting language. We present a question-oriented approach that requires no prior knowledge of programming and can be easily adapted to a wide range of domains. Interrogative programming works by \"parsing\" the user's intent using the responses to a series of closed-ended questions. Questions are guided by a context free grammar specified in an external file. We discuss the benefits, capabilities and limitations of interrogative programming along with the results of recent usability studies with our prototype.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131828440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046356
Omid Banyasad, P. T. Cox
Designs of complex objects often include parameters which, when given values, provide a realisation of a specific example of the design. Such parametrised designs, therefore, actually represent families of objects. In order to provide the programming capabilities necessary for building such parametrised designs, some computer-aided design systems include programming languages or provide interfaces to them. This creates a sharp division in the design process between designer and programmer. To address this discontinuity, a Language for Structured Design (LSD) has been proposed as an extension to a visual logic programming language. In LSD, design components and operations on them are homogeneously represented in one language. Here we report on another advantage of the LSD approach; namely, that visual logic programming, used as the engine to drive the parametrised assembly of objects, also provides powerful symbolic problem-solving capability. This allows the designer/programmer to work at a higher level, giving descriptive rather than prescriptive specifications of a design. Hence LSD integrates problem solving, synthesis, and modeling in a single homogeneous programming/design environment. We demonstrate the problem-solving capabilities of LSD using the masterkeying problem.
{"title":"Solving design problems in a logic-based visual design environment","authors":"Omid Banyasad, P. T. Cox","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046356","url":null,"abstract":"Designs of complex objects often include parameters which, when given values, provide a realisation of a specific example of the design. Such parametrised designs, therefore, actually represent families of objects. In order to provide the programming capabilities necessary for building such parametrised designs, some computer-aided design systems include programming languages or provide interfaces to them. This creates a sharp division in the design process between designer and programmer. To address this discontinuity, a Language for Structured Design (LSD) has been proposed as an extension to a visual logic programming language. In LSD, design components and operations on them are homogeneously represented in one language. Here we report on another advantage of the LSD approach; namely, that visual logic programming, used as the engine to drive the parametrised assembly of objects, also provides powerful symbolic problem-solving capability. This allows the designer/programmer to work at a higher level, giving descriptive rather than prescriptive specifications of a design. Hence LSD integrates problem solving, synthesis, and modeling in a single homogeneous programming/design environment. We demonstrate the problem-solving capabilities of LSD using the masterkeying problem.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114226506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046345
D. McCrickard, David Wrighton, D. Bussert
In recent years, real world objects have been used to reflect information previously shown on the computer screen. While most earlier efforts have required significant developer knowledge and skills to construct and program the displays, our work is investigating methods to enable programmers to use real world objects in much the same way that they would typical user interface widgets. This paper outlines programming interfaces developed on top of the X10 protocol for controlling power flow to electrical devices, including sample programs for each.
{"title":"Supporting the construction of real world interfaces","authors":"D. McCrickard, David Wrighton, D. Bussert","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046345","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, real world objects have been used to reflect information previously shown on the computer screen. While most earlier efforts have required significant developer knowledge and skills to construct and program the displays, our work is investigating methods to enable programmers to use real world objects in much the same way that they would typical user interface widgets. This paper outlines programming interfaces developed on top of the X10 protocol for controlling power flow to electrical devices, including sample programs for each.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121698301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-09-03DOI: 10.1109/HCC.2002.1046346
Rod Moten
In this paper we present an overview of a method for providing program interoperability at the end-user level. Using our method, developers can make their applications capable of supporting end-user program interoperability independently of any operating platform or implementation language.
{"title":"A method for providing program interoperability for end-users","authors":"Rod Moten","doi":"10.1109/HCC.2002.1046346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HCC.2002.1046346","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present an overview of a method for providing program interoperability at the end-user level. Using our method, developers can make their applications capable of supporting end-user program interoperability independently of any operating platform or implementation language.","PeriodicalId":298317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124704846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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