Pub Date : 2023-05-06DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1323
E. Owusu, Baffour Owusu-Boateng
The growing number of allegations on financial statement fraud, lack of accountability, misappropriation and mismanagement of public resources in public institution has created an increase attention for the need of internal auditors. Descriptive research design was used for this study precisely a case study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select two government hospitals located in Manhyia and Mankranso both in Ashanti Region. Out of three hundred and forty (340) population from the combined hospitals, a purposive sampling technique was used in selecting a sample size of twenty-six (26) which was made up of twelve (12) accountants, ten (10) managements and four (4) internal auditors in Manhyia and Mankranso was utilized. A self – structured questionnaire, a four-point modified Likert a scale was the instrument used for data collection. All the 26 respondents correctly completed and returned their questionnaire formed the sample size for the study, while mean, standard deviation and percentage was employed in data analysis. The study found, among other things, that in spite of availability of internal auditors, management override internal controls very often, findings indicated that the internal audit were understaff and are inadequately resourced. The study also pinpointed that internal auditors are recognized in public institution and adds value to the institution overall performance.
{"title":"Assessment of Internal Audit Tools: A Study of Some Government Health Institutions in Ghana","authors":"E. Owusu, Baffour Owusu-Boateng","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1323","url":null,"abstract":"The growing number of allegations on financial statement fraud, lack of accountability, misappropriation and mismanagement of public resources in public institution has created an increase attention for the need of internal auditors. Descriptive research design was used for this study precisely a case study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select two government hospitals located in Manhyia and Mankranso both in Ashanti Region. Out of three hundred and forty (340) population from the combined hospitals, a purposive sampling technique was used in selecting a sample size of twenty-six (26) which was made up of twelve (12) accountants, ten (10) managements and four (4) internal auditors in Manhyia and Mankranso was utilized. A self – structured questionnaire, a four-point modified Likert a scale was the instrument used for data collection. All the 26 respondents correctly completed and returned their questionnaire formed the sample size for the study, while mean, standard deviation and percentage was employed in data analysis. The study found, among other things, that in spite of availability of internal auditors, management override internal controls very often, findings indicated that the internal audit were understaff and are inadequately resourced. The study also pinpointed that internal auditors are recognized in public institution and adds value to the institution overall performance.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Record keeping is important in development because it provides recorded information critical in business entities’ strategic development. The study aimed to look into record keeping and its effects on the development of small-scale enterprises in the Sissala West District of Ghana’s Upper West Region. The study collected data through questionnaires and observations. The study also drew 95 people from a list of small businesses in the Sissala West district as a sample size. The findings show that record-keeping practices are not widely encouraged among small-scale enterprises, and that businesses cannot appreciate the benefits of record-keeping because it is not widely used. Findings also show that capacity factors are important to most small business owners. Findings also show that most small-business owners lack the knowledge and experience needed to use modern technology to keep records. It is suggested that the Ghanaian government (GoG), the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Business Resource Center (BRC), the Ghana Enterprise Agency (GEA), and the Micro Finance and Small Loans Scheme (MASLOC) collaborate to assist small businesses in improving their record keeping.
{"title":"Record Keeping and its Effects on the Development of Small-Scale Enterprises in the Sissala West District in the Upper West Region of Ghana","authors":"Jonah Amosah, Tahiru Lukman, Khalida Seidu Khalida Seidu","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1520","url":null,"abstract":"Record keeping is important in development because it provides recorded information critical in business entities’ strategic development. The study aimed to look into record keeping and its effects on the development of small-scale enterprises in the Sissala West District of Ghana’s Upper West Region. The study collected data through questionnaires and observations. The study also drew 95 people from a list of small businesses in the Sissala West district as a sample size. The findings show that record-keeping practices are not widely encouraged among small-scale enterprises, and that businesses cannot appreciate the benefits of record-keeping because it is not widely used. Findings also show that capacity factors are important to most small business owners. Findings also show that most small-business owners lack the knowledge and experience needed to use modern technology to keep records. It is suggested that the Ghanaian government (GoG), the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Business Resource Center (BRC), the Ghana Enterprise Agency (GEA), and the Micro Finance and Small Loans Scheme (MASLOC) collaborate to assist small businesses in improving their record keeping.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130074790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1396
Betrand Ewane Enongene, Felix Mejame Etape
External debt is indispensable, especially in developing countries which usually face budget deficits to cover up their saving-investment gap. However, the effect of external debt on inflation depends on whether it is increasing or decreasing. Hence, this study aims to examine the effect of external debt stocks on inflation using World Bank data from 1980 to 2020 in Cameroon. The study makes use of non-linear ARDL to examine the positive and negative changes in external debt stocks and their effects on inflation. The results indicate a long-run increasing and decreasing asymmetry effect of external debts on inflation. Only the coefficient of positive external debt stock on inflation is positive and significant in the long run while in the short run, positive and negative external debt stocks respectively have a negative and positive significant impact on inflation. The study recommends that the government should be mindful of increasing external debt as it will become inflationary in the long run.
{"title":"Does External Debt Stocks Have an Asymmetric Effect on Inflation Dynamics in Cameroon? An Application of Nonlinear ARDLL","authors":"Betrand Ewane Enongene, Felix Mejame Etape","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1396","url":null,"abstract":"External debt is indispensable, especially in developing countries which usually face budget deficits to cover up their saving-investment gap. However, the effect of external debt on inflation depends on whether it is increasing or decreasing. Hence, this study aims to examine the effect of external debt stocks on inflation using World Bank data from 1980 to 2020 in Cameroon. The study makes use of non-linear ARDL to examine the positive and negative changes in external debt stocks and their effects on inflation. The results indicate a long-run increasing and decreasing asymmetry effect of external debts on inflation. Only the coefficient of positive external debt stock on inflation is positive and significant in the long run while in the short run, positive and negative external debt stocks respectively have a negative and positive significant impact on inflation. The study recommends that the government should be mindful of increasing external debt as it will become inflationary in the long run.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1512
Kathleen Ann Pasaoa, Jackson J. Tan, Justin Ira Ong, Fernando L. Trinidad
This study identified and evaluated the innovative strategies implemented by selected social enterprises in Metro Manila against the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a response, the social enterprises have looked for innovative strategies to deal with the problems caused by the pandemic. The study also examined the effectiveness of innovative strategies in areas of marketing, operations, finance, and human resources and how they affect revenue and cash flow. Furthermore, anchored on crisis management, disaster management, the triple bottom line, and niinnovation theories to assist the social enterprises in achieving greater survivability. The study utilized descriptive and predictive correlation and a mixed method of research. An adapted survey instrument was given to the founders or top personnel of 71 social enterprises in Metro Manila. The statistical treatment of the results included descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The general linear model (GLM) supports the accepted hypothesis that implementing innovative strategies in finance has a significant effect on revenue and on cash flow. Moreover, the results showed a significant effect on perceived effectiveness when implementing innovative strategies, specifically in marketing and operations Therefore, the study reveals that innovative financial strategies significantly influence social enterprises’ revenue and cash flow. In addition, innovative strategies in marketing and operation have a significant impact on the social enterprises’ perception of the effectiveness of using these strategies during the pandemic.
{"title":"The Effects of Covid-19 on the Strategies of Social Enterprises in Metro Manila","authors":"Kathleen Ann Pasaoa, Jackson J. Tan, Justin Ira Ong, Fernando L. Trinidad","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i2.1512","url":null,"abstract":"This study identified and evaluated the innovative strategies implemented by selected social enterprises in Metro Manila against the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a response, the social enterprises have looked for innovative strategies to deal with the problems caused by the pandemic. The study also examined the effectiveness of innovative strategies in areas of marketing, operations, finance, and human resources and how they affect revenue and cash flow. Furthermore, anchored on crisis management, disaster management, the triple bottom line, and niinnovation theories to assist the social enterprises in achieving greater survivability. The study utilized descriptive and predictive correlation and a mixed method of research. An adapted survey instrument was given to the founders or top personnel of 71 social enterprises in Metro Manila. The statistical treatment of the results included descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The general linear model (GLM) supports the accepted hypothesis that implementing innovative strategies in finance has a significant effect on revenue and on cash flow. Moreover, the results showed a significant effect on perceived effectiveness when implementing innovative strategies, specifically in marketing and operations Therefore, the study reveals that innovative financial strategies significantly influence social enterprises’ revenue and cash flow. In addition, innovative strategies in marketing and operation have a significant impact on the social enterprises’ perception of the effectiveness of using these strategies during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124539936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1348
Joefrelin Ines, Reynald A. Funtinilla, Cirilo E. Mirano, Marilou Q. Tolentino
The study’s goal was to determine the level of life satisfaction among Business Studies students at one of Oman’s universities. The responses are from various levels of the BSD’s post-foundation, where the survey questionnaire was distributed. The survey, which was adapted from Huebner’s MSLSS, was designed to assess life satisfaction in five areas: family, friends, school, living environment, and self. To examine the correlation of students’ life satisfaction throughout the pandemic, the data was interpreted and analyzed using descriptive analysis such as frequency, percentage, and mean, as well as Spearman’s rho coefficient. The findings revealed that gender, age, and level of studies had a significant influence on the respondents’ present living conditions. The results show a significant measure of how the respondents expressed their life satisfaction during the pandemic.
{"title":"Measuring Life Satisfaction During the Pandemic Among Students of the Business Studies University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Oman","authors":"Joefrelin Ines, Reynald A. Funtinilla, Cirilo E. Mirano, Marilou Q. Tolentino","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1348","url":null,"abstract":"The study’s goal was to determine the level of life satisfaction among Business Studies students at one of Oman’s universities. The responses are from various levels of the BSD’s post-foundation, where the survey questionnaire was distributed. The survey, which was adapted from Huebner’s MSLSS, was designed to assess life satisfaction in five areas: family, friends, school, living environment, and self. To examine the correlation of students’ life satisfaction throughout the pandemic, the data was interpreted and analyzed using descriptive analysis such as frequency, percentage, and mean, as well as Spearman’s rho coefficient. The findings revealed that gender, age, and level of studies had a significant influence on the respondents’ present living conditions. The results show a significant measure of how the respondents expressed their life satisfaction during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122544882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1437
The structure of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to help an organization accomplish its objectives is known as strategic human resource management. This study aims to investigate the relationship between HRM strategies and employee performance in the Libyan oil and gas sector. Accordingly, 321 survey data were collected from Waha Oil Company employees in Tripoli, Libya. The structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was used to analyze the data as well as hypotheses testing. The findings demonstrated that human strategies significantly affect both job satisfaction and employee performance. Job satisfaction influences employee performance. Besides, training and development, recruitment and selection significantly affect job satisfaction, while performance appraisal significantly influences employee performance. The findings are beneficial to HRM department to enhance their emphasis on the crucial factors that boost employee performance through improving job satisfaction.
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on the Relationship Between Human Resources Management Strategies and Employees Performance in Waha Oil & Gas Company in Libya","authors":"","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1437","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to help an organization accomplish its objectives is known as strategic human resource management. This study aims to investigate the relationship between HRM strategies and employee performance in the Libyan oil and gas sector. Accordingly, 321 survey data were collected from Waha Oil Company employees in Tripoli, Libya. The structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was used to analyze the data as well as hypotheses testing. The findings demonstrated that human strategies significantly affect both job satisfaction and employee performance. Job satisfaction influences employee performance. Besides, training and development, recruitment and selection significantly affect job satisfaction, while performance appraisal significantly influences employee performance. The findings are beneficial to HRM department to enhance their emphasis on the crucial factors that boost employee performance through improving job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125476389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1249
Rebecca Ama Koramah Kumi, E. Owusu
Most women in Ghana are engaged in many unpaid jobs which are highly undermined in monetary terms. This paper aims to study and investigate the valuation of women unpaid care works in the country, with a specific look into women in some selected communities in the Nabdam district of the Upper East region of Ghana. The study seeks to provide a monetary valuation of the unpaid care works of the women, to find out the types of unpaid care works the women are engaged in, to determine the relationship between a woman’s level of education and the average time she spends doing unpaid care work and to solicit the views of women, men and children on ways the woman’s life could be empowered economically. Personal encounters with the women in the Nabdam district and the realization of most challenges women in that part of the country faces is the researcher’s motivation for undertaking this study. A statistical tool, multiple regression model, as well as descriptive statistics was used to analyze and valuate unpaid care work among the selected women. The questions that the researcher sought to answer were gathered through the administration of questionnaires. One sample t-test was used to ascertain whether the average monetary value from the sample was the population parameter or not so as to adopt it as the true valuation of their care works or reject it. The responses received showed that, the daily minimum expected wage for a woman in the area was 1USD Also, the burden of care work rest largely on the shoulders of women and completing higher education reduces the number of hours women spend doing unpaid care work.
{"title":"Monetary Valuation of the Unpaid Care Works and Experiences of Some Women in the Upper East Region of Ghana","authors":"Rebecca Ama Koramah Kumi, E. Owusu","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1249","url":null,"abstract":"Most women in Ghana are engaged in many unpaid jobs which are highly undermined in monetary terms. This paper aims to study and investigate the valuation of women unpaid care works in the country, with a specific look into women in some selected communities in the Nabdam district of the Upper East region of Ghana. The study seeks to provide a monetary valuation of the unpaid care works of the women, to find out the types of unpaid care works the women are engaged in, to determine the relationship between a woman’s level of education and the average time she spends doing unpaid care work and to solicit the views of women, men and children on ways the woman’s life could be empowered economically. Personal encounters with the women in the Nabdam district and the realization of most challenges women in that part of the country faces is the researcher’s motivation for undertaking this study. A statistical tool, multiple regression model, as well as descriptive statistics was used to analyze and valuate unpaid care work among the selected women. The questions that the researcher sought to answer were gathered through the administration of questionnaires. One sample t-test was used to ascertain whether the average monetary value from the sample was the population parameter or not so as to adopt it as the true valuation of their care works or reject it. The responses received showed that, the daily minimum expected wage for a woman in the area was 1USD Also, the burden of care work rest largely on the shoulders of women and completing higher education reduces the number of hours women spend doing unpaid care work.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121738124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-26DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1213
John Paul Magbitang, Michael Caballero, Nelson C. Bool
The emergence of virtual currencies in the name of cryptocurrency is a clear glimpse of what the future of finance can bring to the global economy. Along with the progressive digital transformations, cryptocurrency has started to penetrate and change traditional financial structures. The growing demand for these virtual currencies can be explained by the continuous acceptance of businesses and governments, with approximately 18,000 companies adopting cryptocurrencies as a mode of payment. The study determined the impact of financial literacy and awareness of acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrencies of the Filipino Millennials workforce in the city of Makati with perceived benefits and risks as mediating variables. Furthermore, the study employed the descriptive-correlational research design to illustrate the variables’ existing conditions and determine the relationships between them. This study employed descriptive-correlational design which is a combination of describing the current state of the phenomena and illustrating what is the existing condition of the variables in the given situation. The data were gathered from 435 Filipino Millennials with disposable income working in the City of Makati. The results of the study show that financial literacy has a positive significant influence on the acceptance of cryptocurrencies, but it has negative significant influence on attitude and on risk and benefits perception towards cryptocurrency. The results also imply that cryptocurrency awareness has a positive significant influence on acceptance, , and risk and benefits perception. Further, this study reveals that perceived risk and benefits perception has a positive significant influence on acceptance level, but it has no significant influence on attitude. Therefore, the study reveals that financial literacy and awareness have a significant impact on the acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrency of Filipino millennials.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Financial Literacy and Awareness to Acceptance and Attitude Towards Cryptocurrency of Filipino Millennials Workforce in the City of Makati","authors":"John Paul Magbitang, Michael Caballero, Nelson C. Bool","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1213","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of virtual currencies in the name of cryptocurrency is a clear glimpse of what the future of finance can bring to the global economy. Along with the progressive digital transformations, cryptocurrency has started to penetrate and change traditional financial structures. The growing demand for these virtual currencies can be explained by the continuous acceptance of businesses and governments, with approximately 18,000 companies adopting cryptocurrencies as a mode of payment. The study determined the impact of financial literacy and awareness of acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrencies of the Filipino Millennials workforce in the city of Makati with perceived benefits and risks as mediating variables. Furthermore, the study employed the descriptive-correlational research design to illustrate the variables’ existing conditions and determine the relationships between them. This study employed descriptive-correlational design which is a combination of describing the current state of the phenomena and illustrating what is the existing condition of the variables in the given situation. The data were gathered from 435 Filipino Millennials with disposable income working in the City of Makati. The results of the study show that financial literacy has a positive significant influence on the acceptance of cryptocurrencies, but it has negative significant influence on attitude and on risk and benefits perception towards cryptocurrency. The results also imply that cryptocurrency awareness has a positive significant influence on acceptance, , and risk and benefits perception. Further, this study reveals that perceived risk and benefits perception has a positive significant influence on acceptance level, but it has no significant influence on attitude. Therefore, the study reveals that financial literacy and awareness have a significant impact on the acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrency of Filipino millennials.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125523842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1238
Murage Boniface Wachira, E. Bett, B. Njehia, C. Karani
The National Rice Development Strategy in (Kenya vision 2030) aims to improve food security, rural employment, and income for smallholder farmers in the Mwea irrigation scheme (MIS) through planned and intentional efforts. A study was conducted to identify major influences in choosing market avenues among rice farmers. The study used a sample size of 384 small-scale rice farmers to analyze the different rice marketing channels used in MIS, and to understand the factors that influence farmers’ choices of marketing channels. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the marketing channels, multinomial logit model was used to evaluate channel choices. The marketing channels were Channel 1: Farmer-Consumer (0.3%); Channel 2: Farmer-Brokers-Millers-Consumer (51.1%); Channel 3: Farmer-Brokers-Millers- Retailer-Consumer (42.3%); Channel 4: Farmer- Millers-Retailer-Consumer (62.72%) and Channel 5: Farmer- Millers- Wholesaler-Retailer-Consumer (37.28%). The most profitable channel was direct sales to consumers, which accounted for only 0.3% of total rice production in MIS. The study also found that factors such as education level, participation in marketing groups, distance to market, and age of the household head significantly influenced farmers’ choice of marketing channels. The study is critical in enriching literature on rice agricultural supply chains in Kenya. The study recommends policy considerations to protect small-scale farmers from exploitative brokers and suggests registering brokers to monitor their activities and set standards for fair practices, with the goal of regulating their activities to prevent exploitation of small-scale farmers in rice marketing.
{"title":"Analysis of Rice Marketing Channels Choices in Mwea Irrigation Scheme, Kirinyaga County, Kenya","authors":"Murage Boniface Wachira, E. Bett, B. Njehia, C. Karani","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.1238","url":null,"abstract":"The National Rice Development Strategy in (Kenya vision 2030) aims to improve food security, rural employment, and income for smallholder farmers in the Mwea irrigation scheme (MIS) through planned and intentional efforts. A study was conducted to identify major influences in choosing market avenues among rice farmers. The study used a sample size of 384 small-scale rice farmers to analyze the different rice marketing channels used in MIS, and to understand the factors that influence farmers’ choices of marketing channels. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the marketing channels, multinomial logit model was used to evaluate channel choices. The marketing channels were Channel 1: Farmer-Consumer (0.3%); Channel 2: Farmer-Brokers-Millers-Consumer (51.1%); Channel 3: Farmer-Brokers-Millers- Retailer-Consumer (42.3%); Channel 4: Farmer- Millers-Retailer-Consumer (62.72%) and Channel 5: Farmer- Millers- Wholesaler-Retailer-Consumer (37.28%). The most profitable channel was direct sales to consumers, which accounted for only 0.3% of total rice production in MIS. The study also found that factors such as education level, participation in marketing groups, distance to market, and age of the household head significantly influenced farmers’ choice of marketing channels. The study is critical in enriching literature on rice agricultural supply chains in Kenya. The study recommends policy considerations to protect small-scale farmers from exploitative brokers and suggests registering brokers to monitor their activities and set standards for fair practices, with the goal of regulating their activities to prevent exploitation of small-scale farmers in rice marketing.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131713475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyze the dynamic relationship between stock market returns and exchange rate movements for emerging countries (Brazil, Argentina, Mexico and India), from January 2005 to December 2021, using Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive model, with regime change. The impact of exchange rate movements on stock returns is not statistically significant in all emerging countries. This reveals that fluctuations in US dollar exchange rates do not have a strong influence on the dynamics of stock market returns during normal and turbulent periods. On the other hand, the impacts of stock returns on exchange rate movements are significant only for the Brazilian and Mexican markets.
{"title":"The Regime Changing Behavior of Exchange Rates and Stock Market Prices of Selected Emerging Countries: An application of the Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive model (MS-VAR)","authors":"C. A. G. Silva","doi":"10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v2i1.993","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the dynamic relationship between stock market returns and exchange rate movements for emerging countries (Brazil, Argentina, Mexico and India), from January 2005 to December 2021, using Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive model, with regime change. The impact of exchange rate movements on stock returns is not statistically significant in all emerging countries. This reveals that fluctuations in US dollar exchange rates do not have a strong influence on the dynamics of stock market returns during normal and turbulent periods. On the other hand, the impacts of stock returns on exchange rate movements are significant only for the Brazilian and Mexican markets.","PeriodicalId":298661,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125406548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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