Background: Orthodontic treatment is always taken as a painful procedure. Pain from orthodontic treatment has been shown to have negative effects on oral hygiene efforts and to be a major reason for missing appointments. Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive eligible patients were alternated between two groups. Group I individuals were bonded with 0.022-inch preadjusted edgewise brackets. Group II individuals were bonded with self-ligating brackets. At the end of the first appointment, the patients were given printed sheets to record visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Discomfort was assessed again at the first wire change as to whether one side was more or less comfortable when untied and when the new wire was ligated. Results: The minimum VAS score recorded was 0 and the maximum VAS score recorded in Group I was 5 and in Group II 6. The pain characteristic “while biting” was most commonly reported; none reported shooting pain. Conclusion: Engagement of archwire with both conventional ligating and self-ligating brackets causes pain, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. After placement of the second archwire, more number of patients in SLB Group reported no pain, the measure mean intensity of pain was higher in conventional ligating group as compared to SLB Group; however, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. The intensity of pain did not show any specific peaks. Patients rated disengagement of archwire as being not painful in both groups in the present study.
{"title":"Clinical comparison of pain: Self-ligating versus conventional fixed orthodontic appliance systems","authors":"S. Chopra, A. Kamboj","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orthodontic treatment is always taken as a painful procedure. Pain from orthodontic treatment has been shown to have negative effects on oral hygiene efforts and to be a major reason for missing appointments. Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive eligible patients were alternated between two groups. Group I individuals were bonded with 0.022-inch preadjusted edgewise brackets. Group II individuals were bonded with self-ligating brackets. At the end of the first appointment, the patients were given printed sheets to record visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Discomfort was assessed again at the first wire change as to whether one side was more or less comfortable when untied and when the new wire was ligated. Results: The minimum VAS score recorded was 0 and the maximum VAS score recorded in Group I was 5 and in Group II 6. The pain characteristic “while biting” was most commonly reported; none reported shooting pain. Conclusion: Engagement of archwire with both conventional ligating and self-ligating brackets causes pain, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. After placement of the second archwire, more number of patients in SLB Group reported no pain, the measure mean intensity of pain was higher in conventional ligating group as compared to SLB Group; however, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. The intensity of pain did not show any specific peaks. Patients rated disengagement of archwire as being not painful in both groups in the present study.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"108 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48215437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Soft palate is a fibromuscular organ essential for phonation, deglutition, respiration, and velopharyngeal competence. It exists in various shapes including rat tail type, leaf type, butt type, straight line, crooked type, and S shaped. There have been studies in the literature that has compared the morphological variation of soft palate in genders and subjects of different age groups. However, the literature is limited regarding the correlation of soft palate shape with different skeletal patterns. Hence, this study was undertaken. Aims: To study various shape of soft palate on lateral cephalogram in patients with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. Settings and Design: A retrospective study. Subjects and Methods: Total 90 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I (30), Class II (30), and Class III (30) were classified on the basis of W angle into skeletal pattern as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Their soft palates were traced and compared for the shape variation. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: The result showed that crooked shape soft palate is more frequent type among the population. In skeletal Class I malocclusion, crooked was most frequent shape of palate followed by leaf shape. In skeletal Class II malocclusion, crooked was most common followed by rat tail type and in Class III malocclusion, butt shape was most common followed by leaf type. Conclusions: Significant correlation exists between the variants of soft palate and skeletal malocclusion
{"title":"Correlation of soft palate shape with skeletal malocclusion","authors":"HarshaJ Kaurani, Tarvade (Daokar) Suchita","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_1_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_1_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Soft palate is a fibromuscular organ essential for phonation, deglutition, respiration, and velopharyngeal competence. It exists in various shapes including rat tail type, leaf type, butt type, straight line, crooked type, and S shaped. There have been studies in the literature that has compared the morphological variation of soft palate in genders and subjects of different age groups. However, the literature is limited regarding the correlation of soft palate shape with different skeletal patterns. Hence, this study was undertaken. Aims: To study various shape of soft palate on lateral cephalogram in patients with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. Settings and Design: A retrospective study. Subjects and Methods: Total 90 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I (30), Class II (30), and Class III (30) were classified on the basis of W angle into skeletal pattern as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Their soft palates were traced and compared for the shape variation. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: The result showed that crooked shape soft palate is more frequent type among the population. In skeletal Class I malocclusion, crooked was most frequent shape of palate followed by leaf shape. In skeletal Class II malocclusion, crooked was most common followed by rat tail type and in Class III malocclusion, butt shape was most common followed by leaf type. Conclusions: Significant correlation exists between the variants of soft palate and skeletal malocclusion","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"103 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47064437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stuti Raj, P. Chandra, Ragni Tandon, N. Asok, Abhimanyu Singh
In routine orthodontic practice, Class II malocclusions are the most customary treated cases. The cardinal objective and radical challenge of Class II treatment is the correction of deep overbite. Correction of deep overbite should be carried out prior to retraction of teeth. Various treatment protocols are used for correction of deep overbite, in which intrusion arches are more elementary to use for correcting deep bite by true intrusion or by pseudo-intrusion. This review paper contains various intrusion arches and related studies along with the key functions which are sketched out in the form of table. Individual forces produced by intrusion arches on teeth for all tooth movements are also categorized and tabulated.
{"title":"Forces generated with the use of intrusion arches in orthodontics – A review of literature","authors":"Stuti Raj, P. Chandra, Ragni Tandon, N. Asok, Abhimanyu Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_17_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_17_21","url":null,"abstract":"In routine orthodontic practice, Class II malocclusions are the most customary treated cases. The cardinal objective and radical challenge of Class II treatment is the correction of deep overbite. Correction of deep overbite should be carried out prior to retraction of teeth. Various treatment protocols are used for correction of deep overbite, in which intrusion arches are more elementary to use for correcting deep bite by true intrusion or by pseudo-intrusion. This review paper contains various intrusion arches and related studies along with the key functions which are sketched out in the form of table. Individual forces produced by intrusion arches on teeth for all tooth movements are also categorized and tabulated.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"121 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47452441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Bhad, Anil Dhage, N. Baheti, Santosh J. Chavan, N. Mehta
Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the stress distribution on maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after application of Class III intermaxillary anteroposterior orthopedic forces of 150, 250, and 400 gas applied to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the young human dry skull. Methods: A 3D finite element model was developed from the computed tomography images of a growing boy (age, 13 years). ANSYS (version 16.0) software used to simulate Class III force of progressively increasing intensity over maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa to quantify the biomechanical reaction with two components, direction and stress. Results: We quantified detailed changes in the maxillofacial sutures, dentition, mandible, and glenoid fossa with bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) to analyze their effects. Conclusions: As the force increases from 150, 250 to 400 g, stresses are increased on all structures associated except maxillary central incisor which show a decrease in the stresses. Although forces were for maxillary protraction, stress generated at the circummaxillary sutures was minimal. As with any other Class III force, stresses were distributed on whole of condyle, capsular ligament, and minimal at glenoid fossa. This suggests that BAMP has more of mandibular restraining effect.
{"title":"Evaluation of stress distribution in maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after Class III intermaxillary traction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study","authors":"W. Bhad, Anil Dhage, N. Baheti, Santosh J. Chavan, N. Mehta","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the stress distribution on maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after application of Class III intermaxillary anteroposterior orthopedic forces of 150, 250, and 400 gas applied to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the young human dry skull. Methods: A 3D finite element model was developed from the computed tomography images of a growing boy (age, 13 years). ANSYS (version 16.0) software used to simulate Class III force of progressively increasing intensity over maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa to quantify the biomechanical reaction with two components, direction and stress. Results: We quantified detailed changes in the maxillofacial sutures, dentition, mandible, and glenoid fossa with bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) to analyze their effects. Conclusions: As the force increases from 150, 250 to 400 g, stresses are increased on all structures associated except maxillary central incisor which show a decrease in the stresses. Although forces were for maxillary protraction, stress generated at the circummaxillary sutures was minimal. As with any other Class III force, stresses were distributed on whole of condyle, capsular ligament, and minimal at glenoid fossa. This suggests that BAMP has more of mandibular restraining effect.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"91 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48767279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Singh, M. Rathore, S. Govil, Vinay Umale, R. Kulshrestha, R. Singh
Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of different commercial brands of mini-implants by subjecting them to loads perpendicular to their long axis. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 mini-implants were divided into six groups (n = 20): Group 1A - 20 stainless steel (SS) mini-implants (SK Orthodontics, India), Group 1B - 20 SS mini-implants (BK Orthodontics, India), Group 1C - 20 SS mini-implants (JSV Surgicals, India), Group 2A - 20 titanium mini-implants (Koden surgical, India), Group 2B - 20 Titanium mini-implants (JSV Orthodontics, India), and Group 2C - 20 titanium mini-implants (Dentos, Korea) were used. The mini-implants were placed perpendicularly into 12 acrylic blocks and were submitted to mechanical tests using a standard universal testing machine (ACME, India. Model no. UNIT TEST-10). The different forces required to fracture mini-implants after undergoing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm deformation was assessed. Results: Mini-implants in Group 2C (Titanium Dentos Korea) required the greatest force to deform and fracture, whereas Group 1C (JSV Surgicals, India) had the lowest fracture force. Statistically significant differences were seen when an intragroup comparison was done. Statistically significant differences were seen in the comparison between the SS and titanium groups (P < 0.05). The SS group required lower forces to deform and fracture as compared to the titanium group. Conclusions: SS mini-implants exhibited a high degree of resistance to deform and fracture, but they were inferior compared with titanium mini-implants. Titanium mini-implants required higher force values to deform and fracture.
{"title":"Evaluation and comparison of mechanical properties between commercially available mini-implants: An in vitro study","authors":"A. Singh, M. Rathore, S. Govil, Vinay Umale, R. Kulshrestha, R. Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_18_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_18_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of different commercial brands of mini-implants by subjecting them to loads perpendicular to their long axis. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 mini-implants were divided into six groups (n = 20): Group 1A - 20 stainless steel (SS) mini-implants (SK Orthodontics, India), Group 1B - 20 SS mini-implants (BK Orthodontics, India), Group 1C - 20 SS mini-implants (JSV Surgicals, India), Group 2A - 20 titanium mini-implants (Koden surgical, India), Group 2B - 20 Titanium mini-implants (JSV Orthodontics, India), and Group 2C - 20 titanium mini-implants (Dentos, Korea) were used. The mini-implants were placed perpendicularly into 12 acrylic blocks and were submitted to mechanical tests using a standard universal testing machine (ACME, India. Model no. UNIT TEST-10). The different forces required to fracture mini-implants after undergoing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm deformation was assessed. Results: Mini-implants in Group 2C (Titanium Dentos Korea) required the greatest force to deform and fracture, whereas Group 1C (JSV Surgicals, India) had the lowest fracture force. Statistically significant differences were seen when an intragroup comparison was done. Statistically significant differences were seen in the comparison between the SS and titanium groups (P < 0.05). The SS group required lower forces to deform and fracture as compared to the titanium group. Conclusions: SS mini-implants exhibited a high degree of resistance to deform and fracture, but they were inferior compared with titanium mini-implants. Titanium mini-implants required higher force values to deform and fracture.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"98 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43969173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angles changes following twin block (TB) functional appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology: Fifteen patients with skeletal Class II, growing of 9–14 years of age with mandibular retrognathism, were treated with TB functional appliance treatment. Pretreatment CBCT and posttreatment CBCT were taken (T0) before treatment and (T1) at the end of the 12 months following TB therapy. The data obtained are analyzed and compared for the skeletal changes in ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following therapy. Student's paired t-test was used compare the pre- and post-treatment periods. Results: The test results demonstrate that the Ramus height (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 1.23 mm in the ramus height between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and that the corpus length (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 3.35 mm in the corpus length between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and demonstrate that the mean gonial angle (degrees) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. This mean increase of 3.18° in the gonial angle between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001. Conclusion: TB appliance therapy increases the ramus height, and corpus length stimulating the growth of condyle in backward and upward direction and increases the gonial angle by backward rotation of mandible.
{"title":"Evaluation of skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following twin block appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography: A clinical prospective study","authors":"V. Shetty, K. Shetty","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_3_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_3_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the skeletal changes in mandibular ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angles changes following twin block (TB) functional appliance therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology: Fifteen patients with skeletal Class II, growing of 9–14 years of age with mandibular retrognathism, were treated with TB functional appliance treatment. Pretreatment CBCT and posttreatment CBCT were taken (T0) before treatment and (T1) at the end of the 12 months following TB therapy. The data obtained are analyzed and compared for the skeletal changes in ramus height, corpus length, and mandibular angle changes following therapy. Student's paired t-test was used compare the pre- and post-treatment periods. Results: The test results demonstrate that the Ramus height (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 1.23 mm in the ramus height between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and that the corpus length (mm) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. The mean increase of 3.35 mm in the corpus length between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001, and demonstrate that the mean gonial angle (degrees) in posttreatment period was significantly increased as compared to pretreatment period. This mean increase of 3.18° in the gonial angle between pre- and post-treatment period was statistically significant at P < 0.001. Conclusion: TB appliance therapy increases the ramus height, and corpus length stimulating the growth of condyle in backward and upward direction and increases the gonial angle by backward rotation of mandible.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"115 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41842794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaibhav R Ambashikar, Suresh K. Kangane, S. Ambekar, Yatishkumar S. Joshi
Orthodontic treatment is, possibly, in terms of duration extent, the lengthiest dental procedure performed. There will be an increased favorable attitude for orthodontic treatment if the duration of the orthodontic treatment is reduced. Unfortunately, long-term orthodontic treatment also poses several disadvantages like a higher predisposition to dental caries, gingival recession, and root resorption. Quickening orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), i.e., accelerating, can remarkably decrease treatment time and side effects. Orthodontic treatment comprises the response of the tissues surrounding the tooth on which the force is being applied that happens on a cellular, mechanical level, and chemical. So, to improve the body's response to these orthodontic forces, various ways were found to accelerate the treatment, such as surgical methods (corticotomy, piezosurgery, etc.), mechanical/physical stimulation methods (vibration, lasers), drugs, etc., Hence, this review captures the current knowledge on accelerated OTM.
{"title":"Fast track orthodontics: A review on methods of accelerating orthodontic treatment","authors":"Vaibhav R Ambashikar, Suresh K. Kangane, S. Ambekar, Yatishkumar S. Joshi","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_4_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_4_21","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodontic treatment is, possibly, in terms of duration extent, the lengthiest dental procedure performed. There will be an increased favorable attitude for orthodontic treatment if the duration of the orthodontic treatment is reduced. Unfortunately, long-term orthodontic treatment also poses several disadvantages like a higher predisposition to dental caries, gingival recession, and root resorption. Quickening orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), i.e., accelerating, can remarkably decrease treatment time and side effects. Orthodontic treatment comprises the response of the tissues surrounding the tooth on which the force is being applied that happens on a cellular, mechanical level, and chemical. So, to improve the body's response to these orthodontic forces, various ways were found to accelerate the treatment, such as surgical methods (corticotomy, piezosurgery, etc.), mechanical/physical stimulation methods (vibration, lasers), drugs, etc., Hence, this review captures the current knowledge on accelerated OTM.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"72 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46150547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The purpose of the study is to qualitatively evaluate the ultramorphology, surface roughness, and clinical manifestations on dental health after various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods which were followed by various researchers to sum up the more pragmatic and less pragmatic results through the research methodology of content analysis. Objectives: To qualitatively and inductively evaluate various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods on ultramorphology and enamel surface roughness along with its clinical effects on dental health after thorough content analysis to provide a sound knowledge to the clinician to justify their decisions related to interproximal reduction (IPR), to make it an extremely useful space gaining tool if used with due caution. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of articles related to this study was collected from the past 25 years and a conceptual type of content analysis of all the selected articles was done. Inferences obtained through the analysis of the documented research data were then summed up in tabular form. Results: The results summated to the very important fact that all stripping methods microscopically leave a roughened enamel surface but clinically have no deleterious effects on dental health if performed judiciously followed by appropriate polishing and postpolishing protection methods. Conclusion: It can be determined that IPR should be carried out with greatest caution when using coarser stripping devices followed by prolonged polishing, but cautious use of finer stripping devices could be a better choice along with suitable polishing and protection methods.
{"title":"A Content Analysis of “Ultra morphology, Surface Roughness of Enamel, and Clinical Manifestations on Dental Health after Various Enamel Stripping, Polishing, and Poststripping Enamel Protection Methods”","authors":"Shitanshu Tiwari, Purva Joneja, D. Choudhary","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of the study is to qualitatively evaluate the ultramorphology, surface roughness, and clinical manifestations on dental health after various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods which were followed by various researchers to sum up the more pragmatic and less pragmatic results through the research methodology of content analysis. Objectives: To qualitatively and inductively evaluate various stripping, polishing, and postpolishing enamel protection methods on ultramorphology and enamel surface roughness along with its clinical effects on dental health after thorough content analysis to provide a sound knowledge to the clinician to justify their decisions related to interproximal reduction (IPR), to make it an extremely useful space gaining tool if used with due caution. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of articles related to this study was collected from the past 25 years and a conceptual type of content analysis of all the selected articles was done. Inferences obtained through the analysis of the documented research data were then summed up in tabular form. Results: The results summated to the very important fact that all stripping methods microscopically leave a roughened enamel surface but clinically have no deleterious effects on dental health if performed judiciously followed by appropriate polishing and postpolishing protection methods. Conclusion: It can be determined that IPR should be carried out with greatest caution when using coarser stripping devices followed by prolonged polishing, but cautious use of finer stripping devices could be a better choice along with suitable polishing and protection methods.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"51 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46936344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To introduce a new cephalometric measurement called P-angle using three skeletal landmarks&#s8212;point S, point Gn, and point A, to evaluate the sagittal relationship between the maxilla and mandible. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 pretreatment lateral cephalograms were selected and segregated into skeletal Class I, II, and III groups based on W-angle and ANB angle. It included 50 Class I (25 males and 25 females), 50 Class II (25 males and 25 females), and 30 Class III (13 males and 17 females) skeletal pattern patients. The P angle was formed between the line from point A perpendicular to the S-Gn line and line A-Gn. The P-angle and W-angle were measured in each patient. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software 24.0 version IBM USA. The mean and standard deviation of P-angle and W-angle was calculated and were compared using an unpaired t-test. Results: The unpaired t-test results showed that there is no significant difference between P-angle and W-angle in Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal pattern. Conclusion: P-angle can be used as an adjunct for W-angle during pretreatment cephalometric tracing.
{"title":"A novel diagnostic tool for sagittal jaw relationship: The P angle","authors":"Pavankumar R Singh, A. Ambekar, Suresh K. Kangane","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To introduce a new cephalometric measurement called P-angle using three skeletal landmarks&#s8212;point S, point Gn, and point A, to evaluate the sagittal relationship between the maxilla and mandible. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 pretreatment lateral cephalograms were selected and segregated into skeletal Class I, II, and III groups based on W-angle and ANB angle. It included 50 Class I (25 males and 25 females), 50 Class II (25 males and 25 females), and 30 Class III (13 males and 17 females) skeletal pattern patients. The P angle was formed between the line from point A perpendicular to the S-Gn line and line A-Gn. The P-angle and W-angle were measured in each patient. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software 24.0 version IBM USA. The mean and standard deviation of P-angle and W-angle was calculated and were compared using an unpaired t-test. Results: The unpaired t-test results showed that there is no significant difference between P-angle and W-angle in Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal pattern. Conclusion: P-angle can be used as an adjunct for W-angle during pretreatment cephalometric tracing.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"58 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia Vergara-Villareal, Karen Del Castillo, D. Ramírez-Ossa, D. Barbosa-Liz
The use of miniscrews (MSs) as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontics has gained increased attention among researchers in recent years. However, these screws are usually used in permanent dentition. This case report discusses a patient for which an MS was used. An 11-year-old male with mixed dentition presented an ectopic eruption in his mandibular right canine had ectopic eruption. This altered pattern of eruption was corrected using surgical exposure and orthodontic traction with an elastic chain, assisted by a 2 mm × 10 mm interradicular MS placed between the patient's first and second lower deciduous molars. After 5 months with this traction, the patient's right lower cuspid ectopic guide was corrected. This use of an interradicular MS in mixed dentition was found to be both useful and safe.
{"title":"An innovative therapeutic alternative for correcting the direction of eruption of a lower mandibular cuspid: A mixed dentition case report","authors":"Patricia Vergara-Villareal, Karen Del Castillo, D. Ramírez-Ossa, D. Barbosa-Liz","doi":"10.4103/ijor.ijor_8_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijor.ijor_8_21","url":null,"abstract":"The use of miniscrews (MSs) as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontics has gained increased attention among researchers in recent years. However, these screws are usually used in permanent dentition. This case report discusses a patient for which an MS was used. An 11-year-old male with mixed dentition presented an ectopic eruption in his mandibular right canine had ectopic eruption. This altered pattern of eruption was corrected using surgical exposure and orthodontic traction with an elastic chain, assisted by a 2 mm × 10 mm interradicular MS placed between the patient's first and second lower deciduous molars. After 5 months with this traction, the patient's right lower cuspid ectopic guide was corrected. This use of an interradicular MS in mixed dentition was found to be both useful and safe.","PeriodicalId":29888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"79 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43116238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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