Introduction: Chikungunya is in the group of arboviruses, it is a disease that appears in summer in tropical places, transmitted by the Aedes aegyptis mosquito. Pregnant women infected with the virus present preterm labor, preeclampsia and oligohydramnios. The aim of this study was to clinically and epidemiologically characterize pregnant women with chikungunya. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases of 200 pregnant women who presented with fever to the gynecology department of a public hospital in Paraguay from October 2022 to February 2023 was carried out. 26 pregnant women who presented with fever and tested positive for chikungunya were included. Results: The mean age was 15 to 20 years in 31%, 77% of the patients consulted for fever, 19% for joint pain and 4% for headache. The most affected gestational age was 21 to 30 weeks, which corresponds to 42%. In the first trimester there were: miscarriages in 15%, in the third trimester the complications presented were oligohydramnios in 46% and preterm delivery in 31%. The newborns presented fever in 100%. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of early detection and proper management of Chikungunya virus during pregnancy, since it can lead to significant complications for both mother and fetus. The findings of this study could contribute to the development of prevention and care strategies that improve obstetric and neonatal outcomes in this setting.
{"title":"Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de mujeres embarazadas con Chikungunya en un hospital público de Paraguay","authors":"María Adela Pérez Velilla, Paola Toffoletti, Wannis Leila Mariam, Ayala Gabriela","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chikungunya is in the group of arboviruses, it is a disease that appears in summer in tropical places, transmitted by the Aedes aegyptis mosquito. Pregnant women infected with the virus present preterm labor, preeclampsia and oligohydramnios. The aim of this study was to clinically and epidemiologically characterize pregnant women with chikungunya. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases of 200 pregnant women who presented with fever to the gynecology department of a public hospital in Paraguay from October 2022 to February 2023 was carried out. 26 pregnant women who presented with fever and tested positive for chikungunya were included. Results: The mean age was 15 to 20 years in 31%, 77% of the patients consulted for fever, 19% for joint pain and 4% for headache. The most affected gestational age was 21 to 30 weeks, which corresponds to 42%. In the first trimester there were: miscarriages in 15%, in the third trimester the complications presented were oligohydramnios in 46% and preterm delivery in 31%. The newborns presented fever in 100%. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of early detection and proper management of Chikungunya virus during pregnancy, since it can lead to significant complications for both mother and fetus. The findings of this study could contribute to the development of prevention and care strategies that improve obstetric and neonatal outcomes in this setting.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.4
María Luján Rotela-Ledesma, Juan José Vázquez-Alcaraz
Diabetes is a chronic disease that produces an increase in blood glucose levels. In Paraguay, it has a prevalence of 10.6%, of which 90% corresponds to type 2 diabetes, which is related to unhealthy lifestyles and makes self-care education a relevant issue. The objective of this research was to determine the knowledge about diabetes and its self-care in workers of a mechanic workshop in Asuncion, in the year 2023. The design was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach, applied to 50 workers in the mechanical, electrical, management and laundry areas. The sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience. The method was the survey, using the questionnaire technique. To categorize knowledge, three cut-off points were established: low (˂60%), regular (60-79%) and high (80-100%). The main results: 82% aged 20-39 years, 100% male, 84% urban origin, 66% with salary above minimum wage, 48% with tertiary education, and 88% without diabetes. Knowledge about the disease was high in the concept (98%), type 1 diabetes (80%), risk factors such as poor diet (88%), prevention through healthy diet (94%), and complications such as amputations (88%). In the rest of the points evaluated, considering all the percentages and averaging between the indicators, a general average of 49% has been obtained, which corresponds to the low level. Likewise, knowledge about self-care, the levels demonstrated have been low. With which it is concluded that in general the workers have low knowledge about diabetes and self-care measures, evidencing the need to train the workshop population about this complex health condition.
{"title":"Conocimiento acerca de la diabetes y su autocuidado, en trabajadores de un taller mecánico de Asunción, Paraguay","authors":"María Luján Rotela-Ledesma, Juan José Vázquez-Alcaraz","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.4","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a chronic disease that produces an increase in blood glucose levels. In Paraguay, it has a prevalence of 10.6%, of which 90% corresponds to type 2 diabetes, which is related to unhealthy lifestyles and makes self-care education a relevant issue. The objective of this research was to determine the knowledge about diabetes and its self-care in workers of a mechanic workshop in Asuncion, in the year 2023. The design was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach, applied to 50 workers in the mechanical, electrical, management and laundry areas. The sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience. The method was the survey, using the questionnaire technique. To categorize knowledge, three cut-off points were established: low (˂60%), regular (60-79%) and high (80-100%). The main results: 82% aged 20-39 years, 100% male, 84% urban origin, 66% with salary above minimum wage, 48% with tertiary education, and 88% without diabetes. Knowledge about the disease was high in the concept (98%), type 1 diabetes (80%), risk factors such as poor diet (88%), prevention through healthy diet (94%), and complications such as amputations (88%). In the rest of the points evaluated, considering all the percentages and averaging between the indicators, a general average of 49% has been obtained, which corresponds to the low level. Likewise, knowledge about self-care, the levels demonstrated have been low. With which it is concluded that in general the workers have low knowledge about diabetes and self-care measures, evidencing the need to train the workshop population about this complex health condition.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.6
Emiliano Sotelo Segovia
Type 3 diabetes is a persistent disease that has an impact on glucose metabolism and can cause problems in the cardiovascular system and even the motor system. The objective of this work is to identify key recommendations and establish effective treatments in these types of patients with physiotherapy. The research was developed with a non-experimental qualitative approach, with inductive-deductive methods, at a descriptive level, with a narrative and bibliographic documentary study design. The information was collected in a semi-structured manner in a reflective and conceptual process. It presents options for comprehensive, safe and effective rehabilitation designs, which combine therapeutic exercises, education, self-care and personalized monitoring, which through an individual physiotherapy program can be key to improving the health and quality of life of patients with type 3 diabetes. It concludes on the importance of understanding the benefits of physiotherapy in the treatment of chronic conditions, considering physical limitations and individual medical conditions, in which monitoring and control of physiotherapy treatment are essential to ensure success of the treatment.
{"title":"Fisioterapia: consideraciones para el tratamiento kinésico en pacientes con diabetes tipo 3","authors":"Emiliano Sotelo Segovia","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.6","url":null,"abstract":"Type 3 diabetes is a persistent disease that has an impact on glucose metabolism and can cause problems in the cardiovascular system and even the motor system. The objective of this work is to identify key recommendations and establish effective treatments in these types of patients with physiotherapy. The research was developed with a non-experimental qualitative approach, with inductive-deductive methods, at a descriptive level, with a narrative and bibliographic documentary study design. The information was collected in a semi-structured manner in a reflective and conceptual process. It presents options for comprehensive, safe and effective rehabilitation designs, which combine therapeutic exercises, education, self-care and personalized monitoring, which through an individual physiotherapy program can be key to improving the health and quality of life of patients with type 3 diabetes. It concludes on the importance of understanding the benefits of physiotherapy in the treatment of chronic conditions, considering physical limitations and individual medical conditions, in which monitoring and control of physiotherapy treatment are essential to ensure success of the treatment.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141824945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Pharmacovigilance in post Covid-19 vaccination attempts to clarify myths of whether it is safe or not and maintains high expectations of control in the world before the pandemic. Objective: To identify adverse events after post Covid-19 vaccination and its morbidities, in a Health Center of Daule, Ecuador. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, cross-sectional research is performed, with an observational technique granted by health insurance provider Daule, Ecuador. Results: Of the study population 42.56% have the third dose, 38.97% used the Pfizer vaccine, 96.92% were healthy people without any medical condition who presented adverse event and 72.31% were notified by a health professional, the average age that manifested adverse events were from 31 to 60 years with 56.93%, the female sex had the highest percentage of adverse events, with 54.36%, the relevant adverse events in this study were pain at the vaccination site with 43.59%, headaches 32.31%, fever with 18.97%, the type of notification were mild with 72.31%, their waiting time in the occurrence of the adverse event was 30 minutes with 32.82% and they did not present greater combination with alcohol or psychotropics. Conclusions: The study is concluded indicating that the vaccine for Covid-19 is safe, since it does not present serious adverse events.
{"title":"Farmacovigilancia postvacunación Covid-19 en pacientes que acuden a prestador de salud Daule, Ecuador","authors":"Carla Jacqueline Gutiérrez Cabrera, Dinora Margarita Rebolledo Malpica","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pharmacovigilance in post Covid-19 vaccination attempts to clarify myths of whether it is safe or not and maintains high expectations of control in the world before the pandemic. Objective: To identify adverse events after post Covid-19 vaccination and its morbidities, in a Health Center of Daule, Ecuador. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, cross-sectional research is performed, with an observational technique granted by health insurance provider Daule, Ecuador. Results: Of the study population 42.56% have the third dose, 38.97% used the Pfizer vaccine, 96.92% were healthy people without any medical condition who presented adverse event and 72.31% were notified by a health professional, the average age that manifested adverse events were from 31 to 60 years with 56.93%, the female sex had the highest percentage of adverse events, with 54.36%, the relevant adverse events in this study were pain at the vaccination site with 43.59%, headaches 32.31%, fever with 18.97%, the type of notification were mild with 72.31%, their waiting time in the occurrence of the adverse event was 30 minutes with 32.82% and they did not present greater combination with alcohol or psychotropics. Conclusions: The study is concluded indicating that the vaccine for Covid-19 is safe, since it does not present serious adverse events.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.5
Pablo Leonardo Recalde Marres, Anyelo David Romero Vallejos
Introduction: The research developed by students, teachers and authorities of Higher Education institutions, as socio-cultural organizations, must necessarily be linked and integrated with the social problems of the context in which it is part. Objective: Determine the attitude of the Nursing student about the importance of research in higher education. Methodology: The study was a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The population consisted of 35 students selected through census sampling. The method was the survey, the technique was the interview. The instrument was the Research Attitudes Scale (EACIN) by Aldana, 2016. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2010 electronic spreadsheets, analyzed by EpiInfo 7.2.0.1. Results: The minimum age was 18 and the maximum 25, an average of 21, female predominance, the majority from urban areas and the first section. Regarding the positive attitude about the dimension of disinterest in research, 91% reported strongly disagreeing or disagreeing with the item “Consulting scientific information is wasting time”. Regarding the dimension of vocation for research, 88% said “Most things make me curious.” In the research assessment dimension, 94% said “All professionals should learn to research”). Conclusions: All of the respondents were young adults, the majority from urban areas and from the first section. Almost all of them provided positive responses to the items “All professionals should learn to research”, “I believe that persistence contributes to achieving goals”.
{"title":"Actitud del estudiante de Enfermería sobre la importancia de la investigación en la educación superior","authors":"Pablo Leonardo Recalde Marres, Anyelo David Romero Vallejos","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The research developed by students, teachers and authorities of Higher Education institutions, as socio-cultural organizations, must necessarily be linked and integrated with the social problems of the context in which it is part. Objective: Determine the attitude of the Nursing student about the importance of research in higher education. Methodology: The study was a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The population consisted of 35 students selected through census sampling. The method was the survey, the technique was the interview. The instrument was the Research Attitudes Scale (EACIN) by Aldana, 2016. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2010 electronic spreadsheets, analyzed by EpiInfo 7.2.0.1. Results: The minimum age was 18 and the maximum 25, an average of 21, female predominance, the majority from urban areas and the first section. Regarding the positive attitude about the dimension of disinterest in research, 91% reported strongly disagreeing or disagreeing with the item “Consulting scientific information is wasting time”. Regarding the dimension of vocation for research, 88% said “Most things make me curious.” In the research assessment dimension, 94% said “All professionals should learn to research”). Conclusions: All of the respondents were young adults, the majority from urban areas and from the first section. Almost all of them provided positive responses to the items “All professionals should learn to research”, “I believe that persistence contributes to achieving goals”.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mental health is a state of well-being that allows individuals to face problems and be productive. It can be negatively affected by symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, this situation being more evident in the pandemic. This work focused on determining mental health in a sample of adults in the post-pandemic, in Paraguay in the year 2023. The design was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, in 150 Paraguayan adults. A questionnaire of sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables was used as an instrument, followed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - Dass-21, which were digitized and socialized through messaging applications and social networks, with free participation and voluntary. The results showed high levels of these variables: 80% for some form of depression, 78.7% anxiety and 70.7% stress, which is related to the current trend of elevation of these conditions in the post-pandemic. It is concluded that these mental health conditions are highly frequent in the study population, demonstrating an important impact on this human dimension and the need to address it from the institutions responsible for health care, through plans and programs aimed at mitigating emotional damage.
{"title":"Salud mental de la población adulta en la post pandemia, Paraguay, año 2023","authors":"Pamela Aylen Rolón Sánchez, Dahiana Céspedes Báez, Rodrigo Iván Ibarra Ávila, Enrique Manuel Servín Pappalardo","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2024.ene-abr.1","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health is a state of well-being that allows individuals to face problems and be productive. It can be negatively affected by symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, this situation being more evident in the pandemic. This work focused on determining mental health in a sample of adults in the post-pandemic, in Paraguay in the year 2023. The design was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, in 150 Paraguayan adults. A questionnaire of sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables was used as an instrument, followed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - Dass-21, which were digitized and socialized through messaging applications and social networks, with free participation and voluntary. The results showed high levels of these variables: 80% for some form of depression, 78.7% anxiety and 70.7% stress, which is related to the current trend of elevation of these conditions in the post-pandemic. It is concluded that these mental health conditions are highly frequent in the study population, demonstrating an important impact on this human dimension and the need to address it from the institutions responsible for health care, through plans and programs aimed at mitigating emotional damage.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":" 84","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141824820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.2
Rossana Llanes-Romero, N. Cazal, Ignacio Ortiz-Galeano, F. Ovando, Ariel Fretes-Ruiz, S. Báez, Elías Jara-Ruiz, Alejandro Duarte-Viveros, A. Torres-Romero, Iván Barrios, J. Torales
Introducción: durante la pandemia de “gripe española” de 1918, se introdujo el uso de plasma obtenido de individuos convalecientes como posible tratamiento para los pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Este paradigma puede extrapolarse al contexto de la pandemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 y la enfermedad conocida como COVID-19. Los individuos que superen esta enfermedad podrían representar la clave de una terapia basada en la administración de plasma hiperinmune a los pacientes infectados, en particular a aquellos con factores pronósticos de agravamiento. Objetivo: este estudio pretendía demostrar el beneficio del tratamiento con plasma convaleciente en pacientes con COVID-19 en cuanto a su evolución y pronóstico, teniendo en cuenta las características clínicas de la enfermedad. Metodología: se trató de un ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado. Los pacientes fueron aleatorizados 1:1 para formar parte de los grupos experimental o control. El grupo experimental estuvo constituido por pacientes con COVID-19 internados en el Hospital de Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, independientemente de la gravedad de su cuadro clínico, que recibieron 200 ml de plasma convaleciente durante los días 1 y 2 de internación. El grupo control estuvo constituido por pacientes con COVID-19 internados en el Hospital de Clínicas con tratamiento convencional, de acuerdo al protocolo vigente del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social de Paraguay. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado de Pearson para establecer asociaciones entre las variables estudiadas y se calcularon odds ratios con intervalos de confianza. La significación estadística se estableció en p<0,05. Resultados: un total de 124 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio y aleatorizados en una proporción 1:1, resultando 62 y 62 pacientes en los grupos experimental y control, respectivamente. La mediana de edad de los pacientes del grupo experimental fue de 59 años y el 51,6% eran hombres. La mayoría de los pacientes de ambos grupos fueron diagnosticados de COVID-19 crítico (51,6% en el grupo experimental y 45,1% en el grupo de control). La tasa de mortalidad global en el grupo de control fue del 25,8% y la del grupo experimental del 32,3%, respectivamente. No se encontró ninguna asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la administración de plasma convaleciente y los resultados clínicos [p=0,277, OR 95%=1,3 (0,6-2,9)]. Conclusiones: no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los resultados clínicos entre los pacientes tratados con plasma de convalecencia con altos niveles de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 y los que recibieron tratamiento convencional.
{"title":"Administración de plasma convaleciente a pacientes con COVID-19: un ensayo clínico de Paraguay","authors":"Rossana Llanes-Romero, N. Cazal, Ignacio Ortiz-Galeano, F. Ovando, Ariel Fretes-Ruiz, S. Báez, Elías Jara-Ruiz, Alejandro Duarte-Viveros, A. Torres-Romero, Iván Barrios, J. Torales","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: durante la pandemia de “gripe española” de 1918, se introdujo el uso de plasma obtenido de individuos convalecientes como posible tratamiento para los pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Este paradigma puede extrapolarse al contexto de la pandemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 y la enfermedad conocida como COVID-19. Los individuos que superen esta enfermedad podrían representar la clave de una terapia basada en la administración de plasma hiperinmune a los pacientes infectados, en particular a aquellos con factores pronósticos de agravamiento. Objetivo: este estudio pretendía demostrar el beneficio del tratamiento con plasma convaleciente en pacientes con COVID-19 en cuanto a su evolución y pronóstico, teniendo en cuenta las características clínicas de la enfermedad. Metodología: se trató de un ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado. Los pacientes fueron aleatorizados 1:1 para formar parte de los grupos experimental o control. El grupo experimental estuvo constituido por pacientes con COVID-19 internados en el Hospital de Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, independientemente de la gravedad de su cuadro clínico, que recibieron 200 ml de plasma convaleciente durante los días 1 y 2 de internación. El grupo control estuvo constituido por pacientes con COVID-19 internados en el Hospital de Clínicas con tratamiento convencional, de acuerdo al protocolo vigente del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social de Paraguay. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado de Pearson para establecer asociaciones entre las variables estudiadas y se calcularon odds ratios con intervalos de confianza. La significación estadística se estableció en p<0,05. Resultados: un total de 124 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio y aleatorizados en una proporción 1:1, resultando 62 y 62 pacientes en los grupos experimental y control, respectivamente. La mediana de edad de los pacientes del grupo experimental fue de 59 años y el 51,6% eran hombres. La mayoría de los pacientes de ambos grupos fueron diagnosticados de COVID-19 crítico (51,6% en el grupo experimental y 45,1% en el grupo de control). La tasa de mortalidad global en el grupo de control fue del 25,8% y la del grupo experimental del 32,3%, respectivamente. No se encontró ninguna asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la administración de plasma convaleciente y los resultados clínicos [p=0,277, OR 95%=1,3 (0,6-2,9)]. Conclusiones: no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los resultados clínicos entre los pacientes tratados con plasma de convalecencia con altos niveles de anticuerpos IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 y los que recibieron tratamiento convencional.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.4
Eric Hernán Benegas Sosa, Raquel Pérez Rolón, Iván Barrios, J. Torales
Introducción: el trastorno de la personalidad límite (TPL) es una enfermedad psiquiátrica compleja caracterizada por síntomas de inestabilidad emocional y conductas impulsivas, con una prevalencia estimada del 1,6% en la población general. Los estudiantes de Medicina expuestos a estrés académico pueden estar en mayor riesgo. Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la frecuencia de TPL en este grupo y sus factores asociados, considerando su relevancia en la salud mental y el aprendizaje médico. Metodología: se trató de un estudio observacional descriptivo de prevalencia y asociación cruzada, temporalmente prospectivo, realizado en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay, entre junio y julio de 2023. Se utilizó el MSI-BPD para detectar el TPL. También se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas y académicas. El análisis se realizó con PSPP utilizando pruebas estadísticas como chi-cuadrado y coeficiente de Pearson. Resultados: se estudiaron 288 estudiantes de Medicina (edad media 24,61±1,92 años, 59,4 % mujeres). En total, el 90,6 % de los participantes vivía con sus familiares. El rendimiento académico medio fue de 3,61±0,43, y la puntuación media del MSI-BPD fue de 4,30±2,61. Un 21,9 % presentaba TPL (17,71 % de mujeres). Existió asociación entre sexo y TPL (p=0,001). La mayor edad se asoció con puntuaciones más bajas de MSI-BPD (r=-0,132, p=0,025), mientras que un mejor rendimiento académico se asoció con puntuaciones más altas (r=0,528, p<0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio pone de manifiesto la elevada frecuencia del TPL en estudiantes de medicina, su correlación con factores académicos y las diferencias de expresión según el género, y sugiere una compleja interacción entre el entorno educativo y la salud mental
{"title":"Frecuencia y factores asociados con el trastorno de la personalidad límite en estudiantes de Medicina","authors":"Eric Hernán Benegas Sosa, Raquel Pérez Rolón, Iván Barrios, J. Torales","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: el trastorno de la personalidad límite (TPL) es una enfermedad psiquiátrica compleja caracterizada por síntomas de inestabilidad emocional y conductas impulsivas, con una prevalencia estimada del 1,6% en la población general. Los estudiantes de Medicina expuestos a estrés académico pueden estar en mayor riesgo. Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la frecuencia de TPL en este grupo y sus factores asociados, considerando su relevancia en la salud mental y el aprendizaje médico. Metodología: se trató de un estudio observacional descriptivo de prevalencia y asociación cruzada, temporalmente prospectivo, realizado en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay, entre junio y julio de 2023. Se utilizó el MSI-BPD para detectar el TPL. También se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas y académicas. El análisis se realizó con PSPP utilizando pruebas estadísticas como chi-cuadrado y coeficiente de Pearson. Resultados: se estudiaron 288 estudiantes de Medicina (edad media 24,61±1,92 años, 59,4 % mujeres). En total, el 90,6 % de los participantes vivía con sus familiares. El rendimiento académico medio fue de 3,61±0,43, y la puntuación media del MSI-BPD fue de 4,30±2,61. Un 21,9 % presentaba TPL (17,71 % de mujeres). Existió asociación entre sexo y TPL (p=0,001). La mayor edad se asoció con puntuaciones más bajas de MSI-BPD (r=-0,132, p=0,025), mientras que un mejor rendimiento académico se asoció con puntuaciones más altas (r=0,528, p<0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio pone de manifiesto la elevada frecuencia del TPL en estudiantes de medicina, su correlación con factores académicos y las diferencias de expresión según el género, y sugiere una compleja interacción entre el entorno educativo y la salud mental","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.3
Sergio Dure Romero, Claudia Centurión-Wenninger, K. Zarate, J. Torales, Iván Barrios
Introducción: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores de riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo en pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Ictus del Hospital de Clínicas para comprender su impacto y la dependencia que genera una vez instaurada la enfermedad. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, retrospectivo y descriptivo mediante muestreo no probabilístico aleatorizado simple por conveniencia. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo y la gravedad se evaluó mediante la Escala de Accidentes Cerebrovasculares de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIHSS). Resultados: Se analizaron un total de 489 pacientes, con una NIHSS media de 7,29. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes incluyen alteraciones del lenguaje, alteraciones de la motilidad y alteraciones faciales. En los pacientes se observó una distribución de la frecuencia de la estenosis de los vasos del cuello, así como la localización más frecuente del ictus en la circulación anterior. Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo más común afectando al 92,2% de los pacientes, seguida de diabetes mellitus (40,1%), tabaquismo (23,9%), obesidad (23,3%), fibrilación auricular (17,6%), dislipidemia (23,9%) y antecedentes de ictus previo (16,4%).
{"title":"Factores de riesgo para accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en pacientes internados en la Unidad de Ictus del Hospital de Clínicas, 2019-2023","authors":"Sergio Dure Romero, Claudia Centurión-Wenninger, K. Zarate, J. Torales, Iván Barrios","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores de riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo en pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Ictus del Hospital de Clínicas para comprender su impacto y la dependencia que genera una vez instaurada la enfermedad. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, retrospectivo y descriptivo mediante muestreo no probabilístico aleatorizado simple por conveniencia. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo y la gravedad se evaluó mediante la Escala de Accidentes Cerebrovasculares de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIHSS). Resultados: Se analizaron un total de 489 pacientes, con una NIHSS media de 7,29. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes incluyen alteraciones del lenguaje, alteraciones de la motilidad y alteraciones faciales. En los pacientes se observó una distribución de la frecuencia de la estenosis de los vasos del cuello, así como la localización más frecuente del ictus en la circulación anterior. Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo más común afectando al 92,2% de los pacientes, seguida de diabetes mellitus (40,1%), tabaquismo (23,9%), obesidad (23,3%), fibrilación auricular (17,6%), dislipidemia (23,9%) y antecedentes de ictus previo (16,4%).","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.6
A. Torres-Romero, Qing Yang Ooi-Alamir-de-Rezende, Nayara Roque-Berbenuti, Verónica Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Laura Mabel Romero-Ruiz Díaz, Iván Barrios, J. Torales
Introducción: el concepto de "comedores emocionales" describe a individuos que no gestionan eficazmente sus emociones, lo que se refleja en los cambios en sus patrones alimentarios. Estos cambios no están necesariamente motivados por la necesidad fisiológica de saciedad, sino más bien como respuesta a estados emocionales, como la depresión. Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la alimentación emocional y la depresión entre estudiantes de Medicina. Metodología: este estudio observacional descriptivo de prevalencia y asociación cruzada, temporalmente prospectivo, se realizó en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay, entre abril y mayo de 2019. Se utilizó la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton para medir los síntomas depresivos y el Cuestionario de Comedor Emocional de Garaulet et al. para evaluar los patrones de alimentación emocional. El análisis se realizó con PSPP utilizando pruebas estadísticas, como chi cuadrado, odds ratio y correlación bilateral de Spearman. Resultados: se estudiaron 165 estudiantes de Medicina (edad media 18,9±1,754; 66,7 % eran mujeres). De los participantes, 52,7 % era de la ciudad de Asunción. Con respecto a la alimentación emocional, el 18,2 % de los encuestados informó un nivel de alimentación emocional. Se encontró que el 88,5 % de los participantes tenía algún nivel de depresión. Se encontró una asociación entre la depresión y el nivel de comedor emocional (OR, 4,6; 95% CI=1,237-17,103; p=0,014). También se observó una correlación positiva entre las puntuaciones obtenidas mediante la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton y el Cuestionario de Comedor Emocional de Garaulet et al. (rs=0,36; p<0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio demostró una asociación significativa entre la depresión y la alimentación emocional en estudiantes de Medicina, con mayores probabilidades de desarrollar estilos de comedor emocional entre los estudiantes deprimidos y una correlación positiva entre sus patrones de gravedad.
{"title":"Depresión y alimentación emocional en estudiantes de Medicina de una universidad pública de Paraguay","authors":"A. Torres-Romero, Qing Yang Ooi-Alamir-de-Rezende, Nayara Roque-Berbenuti, Verónica Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Laura Mabel Romero-Ruiz Díaz, Iván Barrios, J. Torales","doi":"10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30545/scientiamericana.2023.set-dic.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: el concepto de \"comedores emocionales\" describe a individuos que no gestionan eficazmente sus emociones, lo que se refleja en los cambios en sus patrones alimentarios. Estos cambios no están necesariamente motivados por la necesidad fisiológica de saciedad, sino más bien como respuesta a estados emocionales, como la depresión. Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la alimentación emocional y la depresión entre estudiantes de Medicina. Metodología: este estudio observacional descriptivo de prevalencia y asociación cruzada, temporalmente prospectivo, se realizó en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay, entre abril y mayo de 2019. Se utilizó la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton para medir los síntomas depresivos y el Cuestionario de Comedor Emocional de Garaulet et al. para evaluar los patrones de alimentación emocional. El análisis se realizó con PSPP utilizando pruebas estadísticas, como chi cuadrado, odds ratio y correlación bilateral de Spearman. Resultados: se estudiaron 165 estudiantes de Medicina (edad media 18,9±1,754; 66,7 % eran mujeres). De los participantes, 52,7 % era de la ciudad de Asunción. Con respecto a la alimentación emocional, el 18,2 % de los encuestados informó un nivel de alimentación emocional. Se encontró que el 88,5 % de los participantes tenía algún nivel de depresión. Se encontró una asociación entre la depresión y el nivel de comedor emocional (OR, 4,6; 95% CI=1,237-17,103; p=0,014). También se observó una correlación positiva entre las puntuaciones obtenidas mediante la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton y el Cuestionario de Comedor Emocional de Garaulet et al. (rs=0,36; p<0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio demostró una asociación significativa entre la depresión y la alimentación emocional en estudiantes de Medicina, con mayores probabilidades de desarrollar estilos de comedor emocional entre los estudiantes deprimidos y una correlación positiva entre sus patrones de gravedad.","PeriodicalId":298907,"journal":{"name":"ScientiAmericana Revista Multidisciplinaria","volume":"14 15‐16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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