T. Reddan, L. Young, C. Jeavons, William M. K. Song, Stuart Bailey
Radiological evaluation of vocal cord function and pathology has been successfully performed using computed tomography (CT), dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography which is preferred in paediatrics as: it's dynamic; accessible; and lacks ionising radiation. 1 Vocal cord dysfunction including palsy can be due to idiopathic (2% – 22%), iatrogenic (9% – 42%), tumours (19% – 41%), and traumatic (2% – 18%) causes. Most iatrogenic cases are a result of surgery incidentally damaging the recurrent laryngeal nerve. 2 Approximately 1% of all bodily trauma involves laryngeal injuries and children are more susceptible, as the larynx is typically sited more superiorly than adults. 3 We anterior neck the
{"title":"Ultrasound diagnosis of traumatic vocal cord injury: Case images","authors":"T. Reddan, L. Young, C. Jeavons, William M. K. Song, Stuart Bailey","doi":"10.1002/sono.12310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12310","url":null,"abstract":"Radiological evaluation of vocal cord function and pathology has been successfully performed using computed tomography (CT), dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography which is preferred in paediatrics as: it's dynamic; accessible; and lacks ionising radiation. 1 Vocal cord dysfunction including palsy can be due to idiopathic (2% – 22%), iatrogenic (9% – 42%), tumours (19% – 41%), and traumatic (2% – 18%) causes. Most iatrogenic cases are a result of surgery incidentally damaging the recurrent laryngeal nerve. 2 Approximately 1% of all bodily trauma involves laryngeal injuries and children are more susceptible, as the larynx is typically sited more superiorly than adults. 3 We anterior neck the","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"9 1","pages":"144 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75986341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peer review is an important and integral part of any healthcare career. This takes many formats, with a recently recognised format in ultrasound being peer review audit (PRA). PRA in sonography involves the assessment of sonographic examinations based on set criteria, in an open forum. PRA also involves sharing interesting or complicated ultrasound cases. The process is an opportunity to learn and maintain/improve patient safety. This paper outlines a suggested process for performing robust PRA, based on models used in the United Kingdom, as an introduction to sonographers unfamiliar with PRA.
{"title":"Peer review audit (PRA) in ultrasound practice: A paper based on established UK sonography PRA models which are generalizable to other jurisdictions","authors":"Shaunna Leanne Smith","doi":"10.1002/sono.12308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12308","url":null,"abstract":"Peer review is an important and integral part of any healthcare career. This takes many formats, with a recently recognised format in ultrasound being peer review audit (PRA). PRA in sonography involves the assessment of sonographic examinations based on set criteria, in an open forum. PRA also involves sharing interesting or complicated ultrasound cases. The process is an opportunity to learn and maintain/improve patient safety. This paper outlines a suggested process for performing robust PRA, based on models used in the United Kingdom, as an introduction to sonographers unfamiliar with PRA.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"2 1","pages":"129 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78425027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Edwards, K. Thoirs, B. Osborne, D. Slade, Sandra McDonald, P. Lombardo, Amanda Chandler, A. Quinton, Paul Stoodley, Lucy Taylor, J. Childs
Sonographers possess a unique and complex body of knowledge and skills, providing real health benefits to the community. The value of competency frameworks rests on their capacity to support and facilitate professional practice in the interests of public safety. The commitment to act in the service of others carries with it a professional and ethical obligation to practice within the boundaries of accepted competency standards. The well‐accepted Australasian Sonographers Association (ASA) competency standards for entry‐level Australian sonographers were introduced a decade ago. At this time, ultrasound technology, its application and the sonographer's role as a critical interface to this technology continue to evolve. The article provides an overview of research used to develop a contemporary competency framework for sonographers. It describes each framework component and how these components have a potential role in sonographer education and clinical practice at different levels of expertise. Sonographer competencies were developed via a national collaborative research project led by a multi‐institutional research team of academic and industry professionals. A Delphi study design elicited consensus on multiple competency characteristics from an expert panel of 55 sonographers. The expert panel contained representatives from all Australian states and territories and represented all domains of practice. The resulting project outcome consisted of a competency framework containing four significant components: sonographer competency standards, sonographer knowledge, sonographer attitudes and a holistic competency matrix.
{"title":"Australian sonographer competency—A new framework","authors":"Christopher Edwards, K. Thoirs, B. Osborne, D. Slade, Sandra McDonald, P. Lombardo, Amanda Chandler, A. Quinton, Paul Stoodley, Lucy Taylor, J. Childs","doi":"10.1002/sono.12309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12309","url":null,"abstract":"Sonographers possess a unique and complex body of knowledge and skills, providing real health benefits to the community. The value of competency frameworks rests on their capacity to support and facilitate professional practice in the interests of public safety. The commitment to act in the service of others carries with it a professional and ethical obligation to practice within the boundaries of accepted competency standards. The well‐accepted Australasian Sonographers Association (ASA) competency standards for entry‐level Australian sonographers were introduced a decade ago. At this time, ultrasound technology, its application and the sonographer's role as a critical interface to this technology continue to evolve. The article provides an overview of research used to develop a contemporary competency framework for sonographers. It describes each framework component and how these components have a potential role in sonographer education and clinical practice at different levels of expertise. Sonographer competencies were developed via a national collaborative research project led by a multi‐institutional research team of academic and industry professionals. A Delphi study design elicited consensus on multiple competency characteristics from an expert panel of 55 sonographers. The expert panel contained representatives from all Australian states and territories and represented all domains of practice. The resulting project outcome consisted of a competency framework containing four significant components: sonographer competency standards, sonographer knowledge, sonographer attitudes and a holistic competency matrix.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"8 1","pages":"108 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73401118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Osborne, K. Thoirs, J. Dizon, N. Parange, S. Milanese
Increases in demand for therapeutic ultrasound‐guided musculoskeletal injections have led to longer waiting times for appointments. With the right training, sonographers are well placed to perform these low‐risk procedures. This study evaluated the effect of musculoskeletal injections administered by trained sonographers with respect to patient safety and satisfaction.
{"title":"Patient satisfaction and incidence of adverse events during a trial of sonographer administered musculoskeletal injections","authors":"B. Osborne, K. Thoirs, J. Dizon, N. Parange, S. Milanese","doi":"10.1002/sono.12306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12306","url":null,"abstract":"Increases in demand for therapeutic ultrasound‐guided musculoskeletal injections have led to longer waiting times for appointments. With the right training, sonographers are well placed to perform these low‐risk procedures. This study evaluated the effect of musculoskeletal injections administered by trained sonographers with respect to patient safety and satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"73 1","pages":"116 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76161718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article highlights the importance of clinical audits within ultrasound and provides an overview of how audits can guide high‐quality clinical care and lead advanced practice within Ultrasound. We outline the who, what when and where of audit and how it can be used in contemporary medicine. Utilising the frameworks within the United Kingdom from the British Medical Ultrasound Society and others as well as drawing from personal experience the authors demonstrate practical examples of audits that have improved the quality of care within the United Kingdom and lead the way for Advanced Practitioner roles where individuals undertake interventional procedures such as Fine Needle Aspirations. The aim of this articles is to demonstrate how Sonographers can take their audits forward and implement the clinical environment.
{"title":"Audit in ultrasound: An introduction and overview","authors":"Stephen Moore, Ruth Reeve","doi":"10.1002/sono.12305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12305","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the importance of clinical audits within ultrasound and provides an overview of how audits can guide high‐quality clinical care and lead advanced practice within Ultrasound. We outline the who, what when and where of audit and how it can be used in contemporary medicine. Utilising the frameworks within the United Kingdom from the British Medical Ultrasound Society and others as well as drawing from personal experience the authors demonstrate practical examples of audits that have improved the quality of care within the United Kingdom and lead the way for Advanced Practitioner roles where individuals undertake interventional procedures such as Fine Needle Aspirations. The aim of this articles is to demonstrate how Sonographers can take their audits forward and implement the clinical environment.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"410 1","pages":"123 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85710063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detection of giant umbilical cord prenatally should lead to vigilant monitoring particularly at term as fetal demise is a possibility, as noted in the present case because of altered hemodynamics and related vascular complications such as compromised fetal circulation. A case of prenatally diagnosed, giant umbilical cord with fetoplacental insufficiency and impending heart failure is reported. An 18‐year‐old primigravida, presented at 34 weeks of gestational age with complaints of acute onset abdominal pain. Fetal umbilical artery obstetric Doppler examination demonstrated reversal of diastolic flow. 2D echocardiography demonstrated dilated all 4 chambers of the heart with reduced contractility suggesting impending heart failure. Subsequently, fetal demise was noted after 2 days, and labour was induced followed by vaginal delivery of the dead fetus. A giant umbilical cord was seen at delivery with absent knots or strictures. This case report deserves a special mention as there were no earlier reported cases of giant umbilical cord in literature presenting with impending heart failure and fetal demise. We have presented the detailed clinical course of the fetus with giant umbilical cord along with a review of the related literature.
{"title":"Giant umbilical cord with impending heart failure—Prognostic significance of prenatal ultrasound","authors":"Ravikanth Reddy","doi":"10.1002/sono.12304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12304","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of giant umbilical cord prenatally should lead to vigilant monitoring particularly at term as fetal demise is a possibility, as noted in the present case because of altered hemodynamics and related vascular complications such as compromised fetal circulation. A case of prenatally diagnosed, giant umbilical cord with fetoplacental insufficiency and impending heart failure is reported. An 18‐year‐old primigravida, presented at 34 weeks of gestational age with complaints of acute onset abdominal pain. Fetal umbilical artery obstetric Doppler examination demonstrated reversal of diastolic flow. 2D echocardiography demonstrated dilated all 4 chambers of the heart with reduced contractility suggesting impending heart failure. Subsequently, fetal demise was noted after 2 days, and labour was induced followed by vaginal delivery of the dead fetus. A giant umbilical cord was seen at delivery with absent knots or strictures. This case report deserves a special mention as there were no earlier reported cases of giant umbilical cord in literature presenting with impending heart failure and fetal demise. We have presented the detailed clinical course of the fetus with giant umbilical cord along with a review of the related literature.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"52 1","pages":"139 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85009930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) although uncommon are the most underrecognized cause of recurrent haematuria especially in young patients. Although renal AVMs are commonly incidentally detected, life threatening complications such as gross haematuria and AVM rupture have been implicated. Ultrasound is the first line imaging investigation which has a crucial role in treatment planning, post‐procedural, long‐term follow‐up, and assessment of complications associated with renal AVMs. This is a report of a rare case of spontaneous renal AVM in a patient without prior history of renal biopsy or previous trauma. A 26‐year‐old male presented for an ultrasound with recurrent haematuria. This case report highlights the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis, follow‐up and assessment of treatment related complications of renal AVMs.
{"title":"Ultrasound diagnosis of renal arteriovenous malformation in a young adult: An underrecognized cause of recurrent haematuria","authors":"Ravikanth Reddy","doi":"10.1002/sono.12303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12303","url":null,"abstract":"Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) although uncommon are the most underrecognized cause of recurrent haematuria especially in young patients. Although renal AVMs are commonly incidentally detected, life threatening complications such as gross haematuria and AVM rupture have been implicated. Ultrasound is the first line imaging investigation which has a crucial role in treatment planning, post‐procedural, long‐term follow‐up, and assessment of complications associated with renal AVMs. This is a report of a rare case of spontaneous renal AVM in a patient without prior history of renal biopsy or previous trauma. A 26‐year‐old male presented for an ultrasound with recurrent haematuria. This case report highlights the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis, follow‐up and assessment of treatment related complications of renal AVMs.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":" 35","pages":"100 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72539135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
‘Chromophobe’ is the third most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounting for 5% of cases. Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) mostly presents sporadically (non-hereditary) but also is commonly demonstrated in people with Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome. The majority of chRCC are diagnosed in stages I or II and has a similar incidence in women (52%) and men (48%). ChRCC has a metastatic potential of 6%–7% with the most common sites to be liver, lung and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Overall, chRCC has a better prognosis than other subtypes with a survival rate of approximately 90% at 5 years. This case study discusses an unexpected finding of chRCC during a pelvic ultrasound, the use of computed tomography (CT) diagnostic imaging for further characterisation and histological testing to gain accurate diagnosis. 2 | CASE DESCRIPTION
{"title":"Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: An unexpected finding in a pelvic ultrasound","authors":"Cynthia Dawes","doi":"10.1002/sono.12301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12301","url":null,"abstract":"‘Chromophobe’ is the third most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounting for 5% of cases. Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) mostly presents sporadically (non-hereditary) but also is commonly demonstrated in people with Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome. The majority of chRCC are diagnosed in stages I or II and has a similar incidence in women (52%) and men (48%). ChRCC has a metastatic potential of 6%–7% with the most common sites to be liver, lung and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Overall, chRCC has a better prognosis than other subtypes with a survival rate of approximately 90% at 5 years. This case study discusses an unexpected finding of chRCC during a pelvic ultrasound, the use of computed tomography (CT) diagnostic imaging for further characterisation and histological testing to gain accurate diagnosis. 2 | CASE DESCRIPTION","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"46 1","pages":"92 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81643415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ankle sprains are common. Midfoot ligaments, particularly the dorsal ligaments of the Chopart joint complex, can be injured in combination with other ankle and foot injuries via an ankle sprain, but are clinically difficult to detect. The prevalence of injury to dorsal midfoot ligaments may be underreported as they can be overlooked, underappreciated, and underdiagnosed. Symptoms can include chronic pain, long‐term functional limitations, and physical disability due to lack of timely management. Sonographic assessment of the ankle and foot following an ankle sprain should include assessment of the dorsal midfoot ligaments. This paper will provide a description of the sonographic anatomy, appearances, and assessment of the dorsal ligaments of the Chopart joint complex. Early diagnosis of injury can allow for appropriate management and treatment.
{"title":"Sonographic anatomy and imaging of the dorsal supportive ligaments of the Chopart joint complex","authors":"Michelle Fenech, Bridie Wylie","doi":"10.1002/sono.12300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12300","url":null,"abstract":"Ankle sprains are common. Midfoot ligaments, particularly the dorsal ligaments of the Chopart joint complex, can be injured in combination with other ankle and foot injuries via an ankle sprain, but are clinically difficult to detect. The prevalence of injury to dorsal midfoot ligaments may be underreported as they can be overlooked, underappreciated, and underdiagnosed. Symptoms can include chronic pain, long‐term functional limitations, and physical disability due to lack of timely management. Sonographic assessment of the ankle and foot following an ankle sprain should include assessment of the dorsal midfoot ligaments. This paper will provide a description of the sonographic anatomy, appearances, and assessment of the dorsal ligaments of the Chopart joint complex. Early diagnosis of injury can allow for appropriate management and treatment.","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"13 1","pages":"83 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72580422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iliac vein obstructions account for 2%–3% of all lower limb deep vein thromboses (DVT). Delayed diagnosis can lead to a higher risk of limb ischemia in the acute setting and post‐thrombotic syndrome in the chronic setting. The purpose of this audit was to determine whether sonographers were taking and interpreting waveforms correctly at the common femoral vein (CFV).
{"title":"The sonographer's use of spectral Doppler in the common femoral vein for the assessment of iliac vein obstructions: A retrospective audit","authors":"D. Rae","doi":"10.1002/sono.12298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sono.12298","url":null,"abstract":"Iliac vein obstructions account for 2%–3% of all lower limb deep vein thromboses (DVT). Delayed diagnosis can lead to a higher risk of limb ischemia in the acute setting and post‐thrombotic syndrome in the chronic setting. The purpose of this audit was to determine whether sonographers were taking and interpreting waveforms correctly at the common femoral vein (CFV).","PeriodicalId":29898,"journal":{"name":"Sonography","volume":"35 1","pages":"54 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74084667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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