The past decade has seen rapid innovations in the design and deployment of low-power wireless communication mechanisms. Among them, the backscatter technique has been shown to be promising as it reduces the required power budget by orders of magnitude. However, most existing backscatter architectures operate in the sub-6 GHz regimes with a few recent examples in the lower mmWave bands. Meanwhile, despite the fact that power consumption increases radically above 100 GHz, the spectral regime has gained a lot of attention due to its abundant available bandwidth for 6G and beyond. In this article, we discuss a first-of-its-kind architecture that allows ultra-wideband directional data backscattering above 100 GHz regime while drawing near-zero power from the mobile device.
{"title":"Leakyscatter: Scaling Wireless Backscatter Above 100 GHz","authors":"Atsutse Kludze, Yasaman Ghasempour","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631598","url":null,"abstract":"The past decade has seen rapid innovations in the design and deployment of low-power wireless communication mechanisms. Among them, the backscatter technique has been shown to be promising as it reduces the required power budget by orders of magnitude. However, most existing backscatter architectures operate in the sub-6 GHz regimes with a few recent examples in the lower mmWave bands. Meanwhile, despite the fact that power consumption increases radically above 100 GHz, the spectral regime has gained a lot of attention due to its abundant available bandwidth for 6G and beyond. In this article, we discuss a first-of-its-kind architecture that allows ultra-wideband directional data backscattering above 100 GHz regime while drawing near-zero power from the mobile device.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) applications brings about the increasingly dense deployments of various wireless devices (e.g., Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, LoRa, etc.). The coexistence of heterogeneous wireless devices puts forward more stringent requirements for the adaptability and flexibility of the backscatter design [1]. In order to integrate seamlessly into heterogeneous wireless networks, the backscatter radio should be able to interplay directly with different technologies while maintaining ultra-low power consumption [2].
{"title":"A New Design Paradigm for Polymorphic Backscatter Radios","authors":"Xiuzhen Guo, Yuan He, Yunhao Liu, Longfei Shangguan","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631594","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) applications brings about the increasingly dense deployments of various wireless devices (e.g., Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, LoRa, etc.). The coexistence of heterogeneous wireless devices puts forward more stringent requirements for the adaptability and flexibility of the backscatter design [1]. In order to integrate seamlessly into heterogeneous wireless networks, the backscatter radio should be able to interplay directly with different technologies while maintaining ultra-low power consumption [2].","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delivery drones have the potential to revolutionize transportation and distribution of goods. With their autonomous navigation capabilities, they offer an efficient solution to bypass the challenges posed by complex urban traffic and enable instant package delivery. Many industrial firms are actively exploring the commercial feasibility of instant drone deliveries. Meituan, one of the largest companies in this area, devised a systematic approach to instant delivery using drones. The process begins with loading the package onto the drone, which then takes off, ascends to cruising altitude, and sets a direct course towards the designated destination. Typically, this destination is a Meituan-operated self-collection station located near the customer.
{"title":"Acoustic Localization of Drones in Precise Landing: The Research and Practice with MicNest","authors":"Weiguo Wang, Yuan He, Luca Mottola, Shuai Li, Yimiao Sun, Jinming Li, Hua Jing, Ting Wang, Yulei Wang","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631597","url":null,"abstract":"Delivery drones have the potential to revolutionize transportation and distribution of goods. With their autonomous navigation capabilities, they offer an efficient solution to bypass the challenges posed by complex urban traffic and enable instant package delivery. Many industrial firms are actively exploring the commercial feasibility of instant drone deliveries. Meituan, one of the largest companies in this area, devised a systematic approach to instant delivery using drones. The process begins with loading the package onto the drone, which then takes off, ascends to cruising altitude, and sets a direct course towards the designated destination. Typically, this destination is a Meituan-operated self-collection station located near the customer.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaddi Hasan, Amar Padmanabhan, Bruce Davie, Jennifer Rexford, Ulas Kozat, Hunter Gatewood, Shruti Sanadhya, Nick Yurchenko, Tariq Al-Khasib, Oriol Batalla, Marie Bremner, Andrei Lee, Evgeniy Makeev, Scott Moeller, Alex Rodriguez, Pravin Shelar, Karthik Subraveti, Sudarshan Kandi, Alejandro Xoconostle, Praveen Kumar Ramakrishnan, Xiaochen Tian
Good Internet connectivity has become a basic necessity all over the world. Although more than one-third of the global population does not have access to the Internet [46], commercial network operators claim that today's Internet has reached the user footprint that seems commercially viable to serve [22]. Reaching these users requires reducing the cost of providing Internet access to enable actors beyond traditional, large-scale commercial operators to build sustainable, scalable network infrastructure. Operators need effective ways to reduce costs through less expensive equipment and software and less reliance on highly skilled network administrators. At the same time, providers need ways to manage their limited network resources effectively to enable sustainable network operation - typical network policies in today's commercial networks would be "rate limit customer C to X Mbps until they have sent Y GB in interval t1, then limit to Z Mbps for interval t2."
{"title":"Building Flexible, Low-Cost Wireless Access Networks with Magma","authors":"Shaddi Hasan, Amar Padmanabhan, Bruce Davie, Jennifer Rexford, Ulas Kozat, Hunter Gatewood, Shruti Sanadhya, Nick Yurchenko, Tariq Al-Khasib, Oriol Batalla, Marie Bremner, Andrei Lee, Evgeniy Makeev, Scott Moeller, Alex Rodriguez, Pravin Shelar, Karthik Subraveti, Sudarshan Kandi, Alejandro Xoconostle, Praveen Kumar Ramakrishnan, Xiaochen Tian","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631599","url":null,"abstract":"Good Internet connectivity has become a basic necessity all over the world. Although more than one-third of the global population does not have access to the Internet [46], commercial network operators claim that today's Internet has reached the user footprint that seems commercially viable to serve [22]. Reaching these users requires reducing the cost of providing Internet access to enable actors beyond traditional, large-scale commercial operators to build sustainable, scalable network infrastructure. Operators need effective ways to reduce costs through less expensive equipment and software and less reliance on highly skilled network administrators. At the same time, providers need ways to manage their limited network resources effectively to enable sustainable network operation - typical network policies in today's commercial networks would be \"rate limit customer C to X Mbps until they have sent Y GB in interval t1, then limit to Z Mbps for interval t2.\"","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article calls for careful, calculated, community-driven co-design of mobile and ubiquitous solutions to bridge the gap in financing and capacity of marginalized communities as they battle for the safety and health of their members. Communities across the globe face incredible challenges to preserve their environment, lifestyle, prosperity, equality, and even democracy. In the past five years, the urgency of multiple global crises, including climate degradation that causes extreme weather and shatters ecosystems and the COVID-19 pandemic that caused a global health crisis and economic upheaval, has threatened an already delicate balance. However, the impacts of these events are uneven - vulnerable, low-income, and marginalized communities have borne the brunt of many of these crises, not having the infrastructure or capacity to address every single gap.
{"title":"Community-Driven Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing","authors":"Blaine Rothrock, Eric Greenlee, Josiah Hester","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631590","url":null,"abstract":"This article calls for careful, calculated, community-driven co-design of mobile and ubiquitous solutions to bridge the gap in financing and capacity of marginalized communities as they battle for the safety and health of their members. Communities across the globe face incredible challenges to preserve their environment, lifestyle, prosperity, equality, and even democracy. In the past five years, the urgency of multiple global crises, including climate degradation that causes extreme weather and shatters ecosystems and the COVID-19 pandemic that caused a global health crisis and economic upheaval, has threatened an already delicate balance. However, the impacts of these events are uneven - vulnerable, low-income, and marginalized communities have borne the brunt of many of these crises, not having the infrastructure or capacity to address every single gap.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinpei Luo, Hongliang Zhang, Minrui Xu, Boya Di, Anthony Chen, Shiwen Mao, Dusit Niyato, Zhu Han
In recent years, aiming to enhance and extend user experiences beyond the real world, Extended Reality (XR) has emerged to become a new paradigm that enables a plethora of applications [1], e.g., online gaming, online conferencing, social media, etc. XR refers to the human-machine interactions that combine real and virtual environments with the support of computing/communications technologies and wearable devices. The XR content is generated by providers or other users, including audio, video and other metadata. In general, the generated XR content is transmitted to XR devices and rendered into XR scenes (i.e., to generate an image from a 2D or 3D model by means of a computer program), where users can experience a hybrid experience of the real and virtual worlds.
{"title":"An Overview of 3GPP Standardization for Extended Reality (XR) in 5G and Beyond","authors":"Qinpei Luo, Hongliang Zhang, Minrui Xu, Boya Di, Anthony Chen, Shiwen Mao, Dusit Niyato, Zhu Han","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631592","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, aiming to enhance and extend user experiences beyond the real world, Extended Reality (XR) has emerged to become a new paradigm that enables a plethora of applications [1], e.g., online gaming, online conferencing, social media, etc. XR refers to the human-machine interactions that combine real and virtual environments with the support of computing/communications technologies and wearable devices. The XR content is generated by providers or other users, including audio, video and other metadata. In general, the generated XR content is transmitted to XR devices and rendered into XR scenes (i.e., to generate an image from a 2D or 3D model by means of a computer program), where users can experience a hybrid experience of the real and virtual worlds.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent studies show that the transmitters of Visible Light Communication (VLC) - a promising technology for future 6G networks - not only emit visible light signals but also leak RF signals during transmissions. In this work, we aim to harvest energy from these leaked RF signals. We observe that surrounding objects could help harvest significantly more energy. Based on this observation, we design Bracelet+, which involves the human body as part of the antenna to increase the harvested energy. We prototype our antenna as a bracelet that achieves both high harvested power and convenience for wearing. Bracelet+ improves the average harvested energy by 10x more, achieving micro-watt power harvesting and having potential to power up ultra-low-power sensors such as temperature and glucose sensors.
{"title":"Bracelet +: Harvesting Leaked RF Energy in VLC with Body Antenna","authors":"Minhao Cui, Qing Wang, Jie Xiong","doi":"10.1145/3631588.3631596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631596","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies show that the transmitters of Visible Light Communication (VLC) - a promising technology for future 6G networks - not only emit visible light signals but also leak RF signals during transmissions. In this work, we aim to harvest energy from these leaked RF signals. We observe that surrounding objects could help harvest significantly more energy. Based on this observation, we design Bracelet+, which involves the human body as part of the antenna to increase the harvested energy. We prototype our antenna as a bracelet that achieves both high harvested power and convenience for wearing. Bracelet+ improves the average harvested energy by 10x more, achieving micro-watt power harvesting and having potential to power up ultra-low-power sensors such as temperature and glucose sensors.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"260 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The popularization of smart mobile devices has changed how people practice dancing: dancers typically use smartphones to take video records while practicing. However, to review their videos, they primarily use simple video player interfaces, which do not provide sufficient support for dancers. In this work, we present SyncUp, a system that provides multiple interactive visualizations to support the practice of synchronized dancing and liberate users from manual inspection of recorded practice videos. SyncUp helps dancers quickly identify poorly synchronized body parts and dance portions through our interactive visualization designs and dance performance quantification methods. Our extensive evaluation study shows that SyncUp predictions are highly correlated with human rating scores, and reveal practical benefits of SyncUp to dancers.
{"title":"SYNCUP: Vision-Based Practice Support for Synchronized Dancing","authors":"Zhongyi Zhou, Anran Xu, K. Yatani","doi":"10.1145/3614214.3614222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3614214.3614222","url":null,"abstract":"The popularization of smart mobile devices has changed how people practice dancing: dancers typically use smartphones to take video records while practicing. However, to review their videos, they primarily use simple video player interfaces, which do not provide sufficient support for dancers. In this work, we present SyncUp, a system that provides multiple interactive visualizations to support the practice of synchronized dancing and liberate users from manual inspection of recorded practice videos. SyncUp helps dancers quickly identify poorly synchronized body parts and dance portions through our interactive visualization designs and dance performance quantification methods. Our extensive evaluation study shows that SyncUp predictions are highly correlated with human rating scores, and reveal practical benefits of SyncUp to dancers.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"29 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88618163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IoTree is a low-cost, low-maintenance, long-lived wearable sensing solution for monitoring the health of trees, providing fully autonomous renewable-energy collection and parameter sensing, compression, and transmission from over a mile away. The IoTree system is battery-free and operates on an opportunistic, block-based intermittent-computing paradigm; when the system is able to harvest enough energy via renewable sources, the LoRa controller will produce samples from the nutrient sensor and transmit the data to a base station for further analysis. Initial laboratory trials for IoTree demonstrate 91.08% and 90.51% accuracy in detecting ammonia and potassium oxide levels, respectively. Furthermore, a 30-day farm trial showed that the IoTree system could capture measurements regularly in the Grapevine farm deployment. IoTree is designed with open-source software, 3D models, and affordable off-the-shelf components, ensuring availability as a tool to educational institutes and hobbyists alike.
{"title":"Towards the Internet of Living Trees for Precision Agriculture","authors":"Jackson Liller, Trung Tran, Phuc Nguyen","doi":"10.1145/3614214.3614216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3614214.3614216","url":null,"abstract":"IoTree is a low-cost, low-maintenance, long-lived wearable sensing solution for monitoring the health of trees, providing fully autonomous renewable-energy collection and parameter sensing, compression, and transmission from over a mile away. The IoTree system is battery-free and operates on an opportunistic, block-based intermittent-computing paradigm; when the system is able to harvest enough energy via renewable sources, the LoRa controller will produce samples from the nutrient sensor and transmit the data to a base station for further analysis. Initial laboratory trials for IoTree demonstrate 91.08% and 90.51% accuracy in detecting ammonia and potassium oxide levels, respectively. Furthermore, a 30-day farm trial showed that the IoTree system could capture measurements regularly in the Grapevine farm deployment. IoTree is designed with open-source software, 3D models, and affordable off-the-shelf components, ensuring availability as a tool to educational institutes and hobbyists alike.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"34 1","pages":"5 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73405435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Varun Mishra, F. Künzler, Jan-Niklas Kramer, E. Fleisch, T. Kowatsch, D. Kotz
Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAI) have the potential to provide effective support for health behavior by delivering the right type and amount of intervention at the right time. The timing of interventions is crucial to ensure that users are receptive and able to use the support provided. Previous research has explored the association of context and user-specific traits on receptivity and built machine-learning models to detect receptivity after the study was completed. However, for effective intervention delivery, JITAI systems need to make in-the-moment decisions about a user's receptivity. In this study, we deployed machinelearning models in a chatbot-based digital coach to predict receptivity for physical-activity interventions. We included a static model that was built before the study and an adaptive model that continuously updated itself during the study. Compared to a control model that sent intervention messages randomly, the machine-learning models improved receptivity by up to 36%. Receptivity to messages from the adaptive model increased over time.
{"title":"Detecting Receptivity for mHealth Interventions","authors":"Varun Mishra, F. Künzler, Jan-Niklas Kramer, E. Fleisch, T. Kowatsch, D. Kotz","doi":"10.1145/3614214.3614221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3614214.3614221","url":null,"abstract":"Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAI) have the potential to provide effective support for health behavior by delivering the right type and amount of intervention at the right time. The timing of interventions is crucial to ensure that users are receptive and able to use the support provided. Previous research has explored the association of context and user-specific traits on receptivity and built machine-learning models to detect receptivity after the study was completed. However, for effective intervention delivery, JITAI systems need to make in-the-moment decisions about a user's receptivity. In this study, we deployed machinelearning models in a chatbot-based digital coach to predict receptivity for physical-activity interventions. We included a static model that was built before the study and an adaptive model that continuously updated itself during the study. Compared to a control model that sent intervention messages randomly, the machine-learning models improved receptivity by up to 36%. Receptivity to messages from the adaptive model increased over time.","PeriodicalId":29918,"journal":{"name":"GetMobile-Mobile Computing & Communications Review","volume":"61 1","pages":"23 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81068878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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