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UNITED STATES OF EUROPE GEOPOLITICAL RECOVERY PLAN OF A MEGA-POWER IN ADRIFT 美国的欧洲地缘政治复苏计划是一个漂泊不定的超级大国
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.251103-363
L. Diaconescu
For 500 years, geopolitical Europe captured almost the entire planet, then after the Second World War it gradually retreated until it saw itself on the verge of extinction, dividing itself between the American West (the new Europe) and the Russian East (Eurasia). After 1990, slowly and with difficulty the core of Europe is being reformed, territorially and numerically reduced, but still a financial and cultural force swinging between the abyss and brilliance. A 9-point plan put into practice could make this continent the core of the world again, based on diversity, multiculturalism, peace and prosperity.
500年来,地缘政治上的欧洲几乎占领了整个地球,然后在第二次世界大战之后,它逐渐退缩,直到看到自己濒临灭绝,将自己分为美国西部(新欧洲)和俄罗斯东部(欧亚大陆)。1990年之后,欧洲的核心正在缓慢而艰难地进行改革,领土和数量都在减少,但金融和文化力量仍然在深渊和辉煌之间摇摆。实施9点计划可以使非洲大陆在多样性、多元文化、和平与繁荣的基础上再次成为世界的核心。
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引用次数: 0
THE BANTUSTANS OF APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA: TRANSITIONING FROM INDUSTRY TO TOURISM 南非种族隔离时期的班图斯坦:从工业向旅游业转型
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.251101-361
C. Rogerson, J. Rogerson
The Bantustans were created during the apartheid period of South Africa’s history and represented one of the key pillars of planning for ‘grand apartheid’. A major challenge was the promotion of economic development in these territories in order to give them a facade of economic legitimacy. Four of the ten Bantustan ethno-states eventually acceded to the grant of ‘independence’ which created a changed environment for territorial economic development. The article explores a transition in economic development planning by the apartheid state from Bantustan industrialization to a focus on tourism and casino resort developments as a potential driver of Bantustan economic progress. In terms of methods and sources the paper applies an historical approach that blends secondary sources with primary documentary material.
班图斯坦是在南非历史上种族隔离时期创建的,代表了“大种族隔离”计划的关键支柱之一。一项重大挑战是促进这些领土的经济发展,以便给它们一种经济合法性的表象。班图斯坦的10个民族国家中有4个最终获得了“独立”,这为该地区的经济发展创造了一个变化的环境。本文探讨了种族隔离国家经济发展规划的转变,从班图斯坦的工业化到关注旅游业和赌场度假村的发展,作为班图斯坦经济进步的潜在驱动力。在方法和来源方面,本文采用历史方法,将二手资料与原始文献材料混合在一起。
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引用次数: 1
THE PLANNING CHALLENGES OF EXTENDED METROPOLITAN AREAS: ISSUES FROM SOUTH AFRICA 扩展大都市区的规划挑战:来自南非的问题
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.251102-362
C. Rogerson
Territorial administrative restructuring and the redrawing of municipal boundaries was undertaken in South Africa to address the apartheid legacy of major social, economic and spatial inequalities. A significant consequence of territorial administrative restructuring was that the boundaries of certain South African metropolitan areas were expanded such that they incorporate vast rural geographies. These spaces pose particular challenges for metropolitan planning. The aim in this paper is to examine the resultant planning challenges which confront South Africa’s extended metropolitan spaces. Among several consequences was the imperative for metropolitan authorities to build new competences in order to plan and manage these added rural spaces as well as the peri-urban spaces. The analysis is contextualised within an international literature on planning in extended metropolitan spaces and of peri-urban spaces.
南非进行了领土行政改革和重新划定城市边界,以解决种族隔离遗留下来的重大社会、经济和空间不平等问题。领土行政改革的一个重要后果是,某些南非都市地区的边界扩大,使它们包括广大的农村地区。这些空间对都市规划提出了特殊的挑战。本文的目的是研究南非扩展都市空间所面临的规划挑战。城市当局必须建立新的能力,以便规划和管理这些增加的农村空间以及城郊空间,这是几个后果之一。该分析是在扩展都市空间和城市周边空间规划的国际文献背景下进行的。
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引用次数: 0
N ASSESSMENT OF URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY IN IFE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OSUN STATE, NIGERIA 尼日利亚奥逊州生活东部地方政府区域的城市服务提供评估
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242104-359
Fola Akinosun, O. Olojede
This study assessed urban service delivery in Ife East Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. It found that not all residents were fully aware of the statutory duties of the local government. Markets and motor parks were the only urban services with an acceptable condition; all other urban services were adjudged poor. The local government scored low on statutory responsibilities; however, residents identified corruption, lack of autonomy, and other problems adversely affecting the performance of the local government. Recommendations are proffered towards improved urban service delivery in the local government area and others in Nigeria.
本研究评估了尼日利亚奥孙州Ife East地方政府区的城市服务提供情况。调查发现,并非所有居民都完全了解当地政府的法定职责。市场和停车场是唯一具备可接受条件的城市服务;所有其他城市服务都被判定为差。地方政府在法定责任方面得分较低;然而,居民们发现腐败、缺乏自治权等问题对地方政府的表现产生了不利影响。对改善尼日利亚地方政府地区和其他地区的城市服务提供提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
THE ILLUSION OF WELL-BEING IN THE TRIPOLAR WORLD 三极世界的幸福幻觉
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242103-357
L. Diaconescu
The US set the tone for modern development with ingenious tactics whereby the economy produces little and grows much, dominating the world market worker. Now, the European Union giving up industry, is trying to copy its strategy, but with a delay that can endanger the entire European Union, while China remains with the old strategy held by : Germany, the USSR or Japan in the past, of industrialization and production in mass for domestic and foreign markets. The three areas hold more than 20 trillion US dollars, being the mega-powers of the current world, while the rest of the states, with three exceptions (Japan 5 trillion, Great Britain and India each 3 trillion) have values below 2.5 trillion : Brazil, Russia, Canada, Australia and so on.
美国以巧妙的策略为现代发展定下了基调,即经济生产少、增长多,主导着世界市场。现在,欧盟放弃了工业,正试图复制其战略,但延迟可能危及整个欧盟,而中国仍然坚持过去德国,苏联或日本的老战略,工业化和大规模生产国内和国外市场。这三个地区拥有超过20万亿美元,是当今世界的超级大国,而其他国家,除了三个例外(日本5万亿美元,英国和印度各3万亿美元),价值低于2.5万亿美元:巴西、俄罗斯、加拿大、澳大利亚等。
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引用次数: 0
TOURIST PROSPECTION STUDY IN THE LUNCASPRIE, BIHOR COUNTY, ROMANIA 罗马尼亚比霍尔县luncasprie旅游前景研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242102-356
Călin Oanț, G. V. Herman
The development of tourism at the level of the Bihor tourist destination and the growing demand for new forms and alternatives to spend free time led to the identification of new possibilities for diversifying the tourist offer. In this context, the present study aims at the prospecting and analysis of tourism resources and infrastructure in order to capitalize on them through tourism. The opportunity for this approach is also given by the proximity of the Municipality of Oradea, as well as by the need of the residents of this city to escape at the weekend in an area totally different from the city.
比霍尔旅游目的地一级旅游业的发展以及对休闲时间的新形式和替代方式的需求日益增长,导致确定了使旅游服务多样化的新可能性。在此背景下,本研究旨在对旅游资源和基础设施进行勘探和分析,以便通过旅游加以利用。这种方法的机会也来自于邻近的奥拉迪亚市,以及这个城市的居民需要在周末逃离一个完全不同于城市的地区。
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引用次数: 0
CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATION OF THE STATE SECURITY SYSTEMS IN POLAND 对波兰国家安全系统运作的关键评估
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242105-360
J. Wendt
The undertaken research on the assessment of the operation of state security systems is an attempt to critically assess them from the point of view of a citizen. The aim of the work is to analyze the systemic approach to security in relation to its actual state. The work uses methods typical of social sciences, which include security sciences. To carry out the research, monographic methods, qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis were used. The work indicates that a number of security threats occurring in the country were analyzed. Among those causing the greatest problems, and at the same time neglected, are social threats related to demographic problems. Economic threats related to the current financial situation and threats resulting from poor protection of cyberspace. It was pointed out that, despite the existence of appropriate systems to counteract the threat, there is a lack of it. The repeatability of events constituting a threat and the lack of implementation of real actions that prevent threats were emphasized.
对国家安全系统运行评估的研究是试图从公民的角度对其进行批判性评估。这项工作的目的是分析与安全的实际状态有关的系统方法。这项工作使用了典型的社会科学方法,其中包括安全科学。采用专著法、定性内容分析法和比较分析法进行研究。这项工作表明,分析了该国发生的一些安全威胁。在造成最大问题而同时又被忽视的问题中,有与人口问题有关的社会威胁。与当前金融形势有关的经济威胁和网络空间保护不力造成的威胁。有人指出,尽管有适当的制度来对付这种威胁,但却缺乏这种制度。他们强调了构成威胁的事件的可重复性以及没有执行防止威胁的实际行动。
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引用次数: 0
TRADITIONS AND CUSTOMS IN THE ROMANIAN SPACE. CASE STUDY OLCEA MUNICIPALITY, BIHOR COUNTY ROMANIA 罗马尼亚空间的传统和习俗。案例研究:罗马尼亚比霍尔县奥尔恰市
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242106-358
M. Ile, G. V. Herman, M. Herman, C. Ile
From the appearance of man on Earth until now, his most important concern has been (and is) to understand the world. A decisive role in this sense is played by culture, which represents the specific way of human existence. The curiosity of the spirit, the thirst to learn and understand makes this heritage to be passed on from one generation to another, to live it as a new experience, according to one's own possibilities, but at the same time to be passed on as a heritage to the new ones generations. In this context, the purpose of this study is to share with the whole world the cultural aspects specific to the Olcea Commune area, aspects that characterize us as a community. The present research aims to discover some of these aspects (a legacy embodied in myths, ceremonies, songs and charms, in the notches made on the wood of agricultural tools, etc.), in order to pass them on to the next generations. Thus, the obtained results highlighted and outlined a synthetic picture of the main traditions and customs in Olcea commune, Bihor county, Romania.
从人类在地球上出现到现在,他最关心的问题一直是(而且仍然是)了解世界。文化在这个意义上起着决定性的作用,它代表了人类生存的特定方式。对精神的好奇心,对学习和理解的渴望,使这种遗产从一代传给另一代,根据自己的可能性,把它作为一种新的体验来生活,但同时也作为一种遗产传给下一代。在这种背景下,这项研究的目的是与全世界分享奥尔恰公社地区特有的文化方面,这些方面是我们作为一个社区的特征。目前的研究旨在发现其中的一些方面(体现在神话,仪式,歌曲和魅力,农具木材上的刻痕等中的遗产),以便将它们传递给下一代。因此,获得的结果突出并概述了罗马尼亚比霍尔县奥尔恰公社的主要传统和习俗的综合情况。
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引用次数: 0
EURASIA'S RESISTANCE TO THE OCEANIC POWERS THE US-RUSSIA CONFLICT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EU, CHINA OR INDIA 欧亚大陆对海洋强国的抵制、美俄冲突及其对欧盟、中国或印度的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.242101-355
L. Diaconescu, M. Mazilu
Geopolitical Eurasia is the large continental mass with the Heartland core group: Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Mongolia and so on, exporters of raw materials by direct land and the Continental Rimland: China, Germany, Turkey, Italy, South Korea, India, Pakistan, Thailand and so on, made up of Continental Powers, while the Oceanic Powers, led by the US dominating maritime trade and oceanic embargo capacity, brings together exporting powers: Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, UAE and so on and industrialized maritime powers: Great Britain, Japan, etc., alongside exporting states constrained by them, from Africa, Latin America and island Asia. If the US succeeds in the trade blockade of the Heartland, stopping the export of cheap and abundant raw materials, it indirectly brings the European Union, mainland East Asia (China) and South Asia (India) to its knees, delivering four strikes direct and preventing the emergence of a power that would take its place as world leader. If the Rimland manages to bypass the American embargo by continuing to import from Heartaland, Britain will lose dominance in Europe to Germany, Japan will lose the dominance of Asia before China, Saudi Arabia before Iran and India will dominate the Indian Ocean, hence the 3+1 main regions taking over Africa, America and Australia, which will culminate in the decline of the US power, the dominance of the Eurasian world and of the continental powers before the maritime powers.
地缘政治上的欧亚大陆是由大陆大国组成的大块大陆,其核心集团是:俄罗斯、伊朗、哈萨克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、蒙古等,原材料直接陆路出口国和大陆边缘国家:中国、德国、土耳其、意大利、韩国、印度、巴基斯坦、泰国等,而以美国为首的海洋大国则主导着海上贸易和海洋禁运能力,汇集了出口大国:澳大利亚、加拿大、沙特阿拉伯、阿联酋等,以及工业化的海上强国:英国、日本等,以及受它们约束的非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲岛屿国家。如果美国成功封锁“心脏地带”,阻止廉价和丰富的原材料出口,它将间接地使欧盟、东亚大陆(中国)和南亚(印度)屈服,直接实施四击,阻止一个将取代其世界领袖地位的大国的出现。如果Rimland通过继续从心脏地带进口来绕过美国的禁运,英国将在欧洲失去对德国的主导地位,日本将在中国之前失去对亚洲的主导地位,沙特阿拉伯将在伊朗之前失去对印度洋的主导地位,因此3+1主要地区将接管非洲,美洲和澳大利亚,这将最终导致美国权力的衰落,欧亚世界的主导地位以及大陆大国在海洋大国之前的主导地位。
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引用次数: 0
ELEMENTS OF LOCAL IDENTITY IN THE ROMANIAN RURAL SPACE. STUDY CASE OLCEA COMMUNE, BIHOR COUNTY 罗马尼亚乡村空间中的地方认同元素。研究案例:比霍尔县奥尔恰公社
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.30892/rrgp.241102-353
M. Ile, Claudiu Filimon, M. Herman
This study aims to identify and analyze the elements of local identity specific to Olcea commune, Bihor County, Romania. This approach is needed in the context of the growing manifestation of two complementary phenomena, regionalization, and globalization. The complementary use of observational, cartographic, analytical, deductive, and historiographical methods led the research to identify the main elements of identity specific to the place, namely : local language, occupations, household as a central element of the rural universe, gastronomy, and traditional dress.
本研究旨在识别和分析罗马尼亚比霍尔县奥尔恰公社特有的地方认同要素。在区域化和全球化这两种相互补充的现象日益显现的背景下,需要采取这种办法。通过观察、制图、分析、演绎和史学方法的互补使用,该研究确定了该地区特有的主要身份元素,即:当地语言、职业、作为农村宇宙中心元素的家庭、美食和传统服饰。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Revista Romana de Geografie Politica
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