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Analyzing IPTV set-top box crashes 分析IPTV机顶盒崩溃
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018575
H. Song, Zihui Ge, A. Mahimkar, Jia Wang, J. Yates, Yin Zhang
Recent advances in residential broadband access technologies have led to a wave of commercial IPTV deployments. As IPTV services are rolled out at scale, it is essential for IPTV systems to maintain ultra-high reliability and performance. A major issue that disrupts IPTV service is the crash of the set-top box (STB) software. The STB directly resides inside the consumer's home network and provides the essential interface to both the user and the network to deliver rich content that goes well beyond traditional TV. To understand the potential causes of STB crashes, we perform an indepth statistical analysis focused on the relationships between STB crashes, video stream content, and user activities. Our initial results suggest that (i) impaired video streams may cause STB crashes, and (ii) continuous STB usage may gradually degrade the STB health over time.
最近住宅宽带接入技术的进步导致了商业IPTV部署的浪潮。随着IPTV业务的大规模推出,IPTV系统必须保持超高的可靠性和性能。扰乱IPTV业务的一个主要问题是机顶盒(STB)软件崩溃。机顶盒直接驻留在消费者的家庭网络中,为用户和网络提供必要的接口,以提供远远超出传统电视的丰富内容。为了了解机顶盒崩溃的潜在原因,我们对机顶盒崩溃、视频流内容和用户活动之间的关系进行了深入的统计分析。我们的初步结果表明:(i)视频流受损可能导致机顶盒崩溃,(ii)持续使用机顶盒可能会随着时间的推移逐渐降低机顶盒的健康状况。
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引用次数: 5
Home networking as a distributed file system view 家庭网络作为分布式文件系统的观点
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018583
S. Defrance, Remy Gendrot, J. L. Roux, G. Straub, Thierry Tapie
Devices forming a Home Network have different capabilities and interfaces, discouraging users to organize their large digital content libraries. To help users, we propose to organize the Home Network according to a gateway-centric architecture, where the content access unification is realized at the file system level and where no additional software installation on devices is required. Solutions for realizing this unification individually exist for the various devices making up the Home Network (UPnP/DLNA devices, personal computers, cloud storage systems, etc). Unifying the content access at the file system level offers a powerful lever for many legacy applications, as far as these applications can access all shared data in the Home Network. Users can thus continue to use their PC's file manager or favorite media player to browse or display shared content. An indexing application, running on the gateway, possibly managed by the ISP and accessible from any device via a simple web interface, enables more powerful content retrieval and user experience. Such application may be enriched to offer additional services like content format adaptation, duplication detection or automatic backup. Lastly we describe how this gateway-centric architecture can be leveraged by cloud applications such as distributed storage systems.
组成家庭网络的设备具有不同的功能和接口,使用户不愿意组织他们的大型数字内容库。为了帮助用户,我们建议根据以网关为中心的架构来组织家庭网络,其中内容访问统一在文件系统级别实现,并且不需要在设备上安装额外的软件。对于组成家庭网络的各种设备(UPnP/DLNA设备、个人计算机、云存储系统等),单独存在实现这种统一的解决方案。在文件系统级别统一内容访问为许多遗留应用程序提供了一个强大的杠杆,只要这些应用程序可以访问家庭网络中的所有共享数据。因此,用户可以继续使用他们PC的文件管理器或喜爱的媒体播放器来浏览或显示共享的内容。在网关上运行的索引应用程序可能由ISP管理,并且可以通过简单的web界面从任何设备访问,从而实现更强大的内容检索和用户体验。这样的应用程序可以丰富,以提供额外的服务,如内容格式调整,重复检测或自动备份。最后,我们描述了分布式存储系统等云应用程序如何利用这种以网关为中心的架构。
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引用次数: 5
Understanding 802.11 performance in heterogeneous environments 了解异构环境下的802.11性能
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018577
K. Lakshminarayanan, S. Seshan, P. Steenkiste
The availability of unlicensed spectrum coupled with the increasing popularity of wireless communication has given rise to a diverse range of wireless technologies that compete for spectrum. In particular, 802.11 devices face a host of problems such as interference with other 802.11 devices (hidden terminals) as well as with technologies like Bluetooth and ZigBee. Understanding how the medium is utilized and inferring the cause of interference, based on observations from a single wireless node, is hard. Past work has used monitoring infrastructures to detect interference between 802.11 nodes in enterprise networks. In this paper, we try to answer the question: "how can we enable users to reason about wireless performance variations without requiring elaborate instrumentation and infrastructure support?". We propose WiMed, a tool that uses only local measurements from commodity 802.11 NICs (at the node being diagnosed) to construct a time map of how the medium is utilized. We have implemented a WiMed prototype using the MadWifi driver for Atheros NICs. Early results show that WiMed is useful and can characterize non-802.11 interference better than existing systems.
免许可频谱的可用性加上无线通信的日益普及,产生了各种各样的无线技术来争夺频谱。特别是,802.11设备面临着许多问题,例如与其他802.11设备(隐藏终端)以及蓝牙和ZigBee等技术的干扰。基于对单个无线节点的观察,了解如何利用介质并推断干扰的原因是困难的。过去的工作使用监控基础设施来检测企业网络中802.11节点之间的干扰。在本文中,我们试图回答这个问题:“我们如何使用户能够在不需要复杂的仪器和基础设施支持的情况下推断无线性能变化?”我们提出WiMed,这是一种工具,它仅使用来自商品802.11网卡(在被诊断的节点上)的本地测量来构建媒体如何被利用的时间图。我们已经为Atheros网卡实现了一个使用MadWifi驱动程序的WiMed原型。早期结果表明WiMed是有用的,可以比现有系统更好地表征非802.11干扰。
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引用次数: 32
Uplink traffic control in home 802.11 wireless networks 家庭802.11无线网络中的上行流量控制
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018580
Yanlin Li, K. Papagiannaki, Anmol Sheth
IEEE 802.11 wireless networks become increasing more complex and interesting inside homes. A number of home automation, home security, and entertainment products rely on wireless technologies for easy deployment without the need for wiring. Moreover, a number of such applications are fundamentally changing the traffic mix of a home wireless network, resulting in uplink traffic that is not only triggered by the users but that could potentially be nearly continuous in nature, such as wireless home security products, where each individual camera is likely to stream large amounts of data in high traffic areas. Given the diversity of traffic sources and their importance to the user, wireless home APs today can ship with Wireless Multimedia (WMM) support that prioritizes VoIP and video traffic for better user experience. In this paper, however, we note that the type and importance of applications to a home user may be much more diverse than 4 traffic classes could accommodate. In response, we survey the landscape of possible solution in particular when it comes to pacing traffic sources inside the network. We discuss the tradeoffs that such a design space exposes and test the performance of several solutions using ns3 simulations. Finally, we note that instead of a strict prioritization of traffic streams, a simple mechanism by which the user can pace traffic to provision more resource to the traffic of importance may be sufficient.
IEEE 802.11无线网络在家庭内部变得越来越复杂和有趣。许多家庭自动化、家庭安全和娱乐产品都依赖于无线技术,无需布线即可轻松部署。此外,许多此类应用正在从根本上改变家庭无线网络的流量组合,导致上行流量不仅由用户触发,而且可能在本质上几乎是连续的,例如无线家庭安全产品,其中每个单独的摄像机可能在高流量区域传输大量数据。考虑到流量来源的多样性及其对用户的重要性,如今的无线家庭ap可以附带无线多媒体(WMM)支持,该支持优先考虑VoIP和视频流量,以获得更好的用户体验。然而,在本文中,我们注意到,对于家庭用户来说,应用程序的类型和重要性可能比4种流量分类所能容纳的要多样化得多。作为回应,我们调查了可能的解决方案,特别是当涉及到网络内的流量源时。我们讨论了这种设计空间暴露的权衡,并使用ns3模拟测试了几种解决方案的性能。最后,我们注意到,用户可以通过一种简单的机制来调整流量,从而为重要的流量提供更多的资源,而不是严格的流量优先级。
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引用次数: 7
Slicing home networks 家庭网络切片
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018569
Yiannis Yiakoumis, Kok-Kiong Yap, S. Katti, G. Parulkar, N. McKeown
Despite the popularity of home networks, they face a number of systemic problems: (i)Broadband networks are expensive to deploy; and it is not clear how the cost can be shared by several service providers; (ii) Home networks are getting harder to manage as we connect more devices, use new applications, and rely on them for entertainment, communication and work|it is common for home networks to be poorly managed, insecure or just plain broken; and (iii) It is not clear how home networks will steadily improve, after they have been deployed, to provide steadily better service to home users. In this paper we propose slicing home networks as a way to overcome these problems. As a mechanism, slicing allows multiple service providers to share a common infrastructure; and supports many policies and business models for cost sharing. We propose four requirements for slicing home networks: bandwidth and traffic isolation between slices, independent control of each slice, and the ability to modify and improve the behavior of a slice. We explore how these requirements allow cost-sharing, outsourced management of home networks, and the ability to customize a slice to provide higher-quality service. Finally, we describe an initial prototype that we are deploying in homes.
尽管家庭网络很受欢迎,但它们面临着一些系统性问题:(1)宽带网络部署费用昂贵;而且目前还不清楚该费用如何由几家服务提供商分担;(ii)随着我们连接更多的设备,使用新的应用程序,并依赖于它们进行娱乐,通信和工作,家庭网络越来越难以管理;家庭网络管理不善,不安全或只是简单的损坏是很常见的;(三)目前尚不清楚家庭网络在部署后如何稳步改善,从而为家庭用户提供更好的服务。在本文中,我们提出切片家庭网络作为克服这些问题的一种方法。作为一种机制,切片允许多个服务提供商共享公共基础设施;并支持许多成本分担的政策和商业模式。我们提出了对家庭网络切片的四个要求:切片之间的带宽和流量隔离,每个切片的独立控制,以及修改和改进切片行为的能力。我们将探讨这些需求如何允许成本分担、家庭网络的外包管理以及定制切片以提供更高质量服务的能力。最后,我们描述了一个我们在家庭中部署的初始原型。
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引用次数: 149
Helping users shop for ISPs with internet nutrition labels 帮助用户购买带有互联网营养标签的互联网服务提供商
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018571
S. Sundaresan, N. Feamster, R. Teixeira, Anthony Tang, W., Keith Edwards, Rebecca E. Grinter, M. Chetty, Walter de Donato
When purchasing home broadband access from Internet service providers (ISPs), users must decide which service plans are most appropriate for their needs. Today, ISPs advertise their available service plans using only generic upload and download speeds. Unfortunately, these metrics do not always accurately reflect the varying performance that home users will experience for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose that each ISP service plan carry a "nutrition label" that conveys more comprehensive information about network metrics along many dimensions, including various aspects of throughput, latency, loss rate, and jitter. We first justify why these metrics should form the basis of a network nutrition label. Then, we demonstrate that current plans that are superficially similar with respect to advertised download rates may have different performance according to the label metrics. We close with a discussion of the challenges involved in presenting a nutrition label to users in a way that is both accurate and easy to understand.
当用户向互联网服务提供商(isp)购买家庭宽带接入服务时,必须决定哪种服务计划最适合他们的需求。今天,互联网服务提供商只使用通用的上传和下载速度来宣传他们的可用服务计划。不幸的是,这些指标并不总是准确地反映家庭用户在各种应用程序中体验到的不同性能。在本文中,我们建议每个ISP服务计划都带有一个“营养标签”,该标签在许多方面传达有关网络度量的更全面的信息,包括吞吐量、延迟、损失率和抖动的各个方面。我们首先证明为什么这些指标应该构成网络营养标签的基础。然后,我们证明,根据标签指标,表面上与广告下载率相似的当前计划可能具有不同的性能。最后,我们讨论了以一种既准确又易于理解的方式向用户展示营养标签所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 24
Trouble shooting interactive web sessions in a home environment 在家庭环境中解决问题的交互式web会话
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018574
Heng Cui, E. Biersack
Home clients can use their access to the Internet for different purposes such as file sharing via P2P applications, gaming, or Web browsing; the last one is the focus of this work. When browsing the Web, the time elapsed between the click on a URL and the rendering of the Web page, referred to as page load time, is the key performance metric. When the page load time is higher than a few seconds, the user experience suffers significantly. We have developed a three-tier system that (i) captures in the browser the events necessary to measure the page load time (ii) captures at the network access all incoming and outgoing packets, and (iii) correlates the measurements made at different machines. The capture at packet level allows us to compute the contribution of the various steps that affect the page load time such as DNS resolution, server response time, data transfer time. Correlating the observations made at different machines that share a major part of the network elements can help identifying the root causes for high page load times. We will present the architecture of our system and some examples that illustrate its use.
家庭客户可以使用他们的互联网接入来实现不同的目的,例如通过P2P应用程序共享文件、玩游戏或浏览网页;最后一个是本次工作的重点。在浏览Web时,单击URL和呈现Web页面之间所经过的时间(称为页面加载时间)是关键的性能指标。当页面加载时间超过几秒钟时,用户体验将受到严重影响。我们开发了一个三层系统,它(i)在浏览器中捕获测量页面加载时间所需的事件(ii)在网络访问时捕获所有传入和传出数据包,以及(iii)将在不同机器上进行的测量关联起来。数据包级别的捕获允许我们计算影响页面加载时间的各种步骤的贡献,例如DNS解析、服务器响应时间、数据传输时间。将共享网络元素主要部分的不同机器上的观察结果关联起来,可以帮助确定高页面加载时间的根本原因。我们将介绍我们系统的体系结构,并举例说明其用法。
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引用次数: 18
Coordinated architecture for wireless home networks 无线家庭网络的协调架构
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018579
Kandaraj Piamrat, P. Fontaine
Today's services in home networks are no longer limited to basic applications such as email or file transfer but also include multimedia delivery for supporting home entertainment. In addition, wireless network is wide spreading in home as users become mobile and now expect to run their applications in wireless environment the same way they do over wired network. As a consequence, entertainment services should be guaranteed in home wireless networks as well. Ensuring quality of service raises new challenges as open wireless conditions result in instability and vulnerability to all types of interference and disturbance. Especially, IPTV application requires not only throughput but also stability on a wide coverage area and with low packet loss. Therefore, good reception level needs to be guaranteed in the whole house in order to use the highest modulation, and interferences need to be controlled when several transmitters share the same channel. In this paper, we present a new architecture for future home networks, in which multiple access points can be easily deployed on the same channel with coordination established to provide reliable transmission of several IPTV applications in the house. The mechanism is built on top of the DCF and has two main advantages: fully compatible with 802.11 standard and applicable to downlink and uplink streams. For our case study, we use NS-3 to evaluate performances of the Coordinated-APs compared to Single-AP and Distributed-APs approaches, in realistic home environment. The obtained results demonstrate better channel utilization and collision reduction that guarantee four IPTV streams in the coordinated approach. Behaviors at lower layers are presented in order to provide a better understanding of resource utilization. Moreover, discussions about feasibility of the solution in real world scenario are also provided.
今天的家庭网络服务不再局限于电子邮件或文件传输等基本应用,还包括支持家庭娱乐的多媒体传输。此外,无线网络在家庭中广泛传播,因为用户变得移动,现在期望在无线环境中运行他们的应用程序,就像他们在有线网络上运行一样。因此,娱乐服务也应该在家庭无线网络中得到保障。确保服务质量提出了新的挑战,因为开放的无线条件导致不稳定和易受各种类型的干扰和干扰。特别是IPTV的应用不仅要求吞吐量,而且要求在大覆盖范围内的稳定性和低丢包率。因此,为了使用最高的调制,需要保证整个房屋的良好接收水平,并且需要控制多个发射机共用同一信道时的干扰。在本文中,我们提出了一种未来家庭网络的新架构,在这种架构中,多个接入点可以很容易地部署在同一频道上,并建立协调,以提供家庭中多个IPTV应用程序的可靠传输。该机制建立在DCF之上,具有两个主要优点:完全兼容802.11标准,适用于下行和上行流。在我们的案例研究中,我们使用NS-3来评估协调ap与单一ap和分布式ap方法在现实家庭环境中的性能。得到的结果表明,在协调的方式下,有更好的信道利用率和减少冲突,保证了四个IPTV流。底层的行为是为了更好地理解资源利用。此外,还讨论了该方案在实际场景中的可行性。
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引用次数: 9
Automating energy management in green homes 绿色住宅能源管理自动化
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018572
Nilanjan Banerjee, Sami Rollins, Kevin Moran
Homes powered fully or partially by renewable sources such as solar are becoming more widely adopted, however energy management strategies in these environments are lacking. This paper presents the first results of a study that explores home automation techniques for achieving better utilization of energy generated by renewable technologies. First, using a network of off-the-shelf sensing devices, we observe that energy generation and consumption in an off-grid home is both variable and predictable. Moreover, we find that reactive energy management techniques are insufficient to prevent critical battery situations. We then present a recommendation based system for helping users to achieve better utilization of resources. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of three recommendation components: an early warning system that allows users of renewable technologies to make more conservative decisions when energy harvested is predicted to be low; a task rescheduling system that advises users when high-power appliances such as clothes dryers should be run to optimize overall energy utilization; and an energy conservation system that identifies sources of energy waste and recommends more conservative usage.
完全或部分由太阳能等可再生能源供电的家庭正被越来越广泛地采用,然而,在这些环境中缺乏能源管理战略。本文介绍了一项研究的第一个结果,该研究探索了家庭自动化技术,以更好地利用可再生技术产生的能源。首先,使用现成的传感设备网络,我们观察到离网家庭的能源产生和消耗是可变的和可预测的。此外,我们发现无功能量管理技术不足以防止关键的电池情况。然后,我们提出了一个基于推荐的系统,以帮助用户更好地利用资源。我们的研究证明了三个建议组成部分的可行性:一个早期预警系统,允许可再生能源技术的用户在能源收获预测较低时做出更保守的决定;一个任务重调度系统,提醒用户何时应该运行大功率电器,如干衣机,以优化整体能源利用;还有一个节能系统,可以识别能源浪费的来源,并建议更保守的使用。
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引用次数: 52
Socially-aware gateway-based content sharing and backup 基于社会感知网关的内容共享和备份
Pub Date : 2011-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/2018567.2018582
Jin Jiang, C. Casetti
The amount of data that home users generate, store, and share with their friends via a multitude of devices has grown significantly in the past few years. In our paper, we assume that every household is equipped with a home gateway that stores and manages the data collected by the home users. To accelerate the content sharing and backup for such users, we propose an efficient backup scheme that hinges upon gateway interactions exploiting the users' social networking in- formation. We formulate this problem as a Budgeted Maximum Coverage (BMC) problem and we numerically compute the optimal content backup solution under a synthetic social network scenario. Then, we compare it with two different content placement strategies for gateways with various quota sizes, in a realistic synthetic social network.
家庭用户通过各种设备生成、存储和与朋友分享的数据量在过去几年中显著增长。在本文中,我们假设每个家庭都配备了一个家庭网关,用于存储和管理家庭用户收集的数据。为了加速此类用户的内容共享和备份,我们提出了一种基于网关交互的高效备份方案,该方案利用用户的社交网络信息。我们将此问题表述为预算最大覆盖(BMC)问题,并在合成社交网络场景下数值计算最佳内容备份解决方案。然后,我们将其与现实合成社交网络中具有不同配额大小的网关的两种不同内容放置策略进行比较。
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引用次数: 4
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HomeNets '11
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